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Lamichhane G, Liu J, Lee SJ, Lee DY, Zhang G, Kim Y. Curcumin Mitigates the High-Fat High-Sugar Diet-Induced Impairment of Spatial Memory, Hepatic Metabolism, and the Alteration of the Gut Microbiome in Alzheimer's Disease-Induced (3xTg-AD) Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:240. [PMID: 38257133 PMCID: PMC10818691 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of metabolic diseases and an aging demographic has been correlated with a concerning rise in Alzheimer's disease (AD) incidence. This study aimed to access the protective effects of curcumin, a bioactive flavonoid from turmeric, on spatial memory, metabolic functions, and the regulation of the gut microbiome in AD-induced (3xTg-AD) mice fed with either a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD). Our findings revealed an augmented susceptibility of the HFHSD-fed 3xTg-AD mice for weight gain and memory impairment, while curcumin supplementation demonstrated a protective effect against these changes. This was evidenced by significantly reduced body weight gain and improved behavioral and cognitive function in the curcumin-treated group. These improvements were substantiated by diminished fatty acid synthesis, altered cholesterol metabolism, and suppressed adipogenesis-related pathways in the liver, along with modified synaptic plasticity-related pathways in the brain. Moreover, curcumin enriched beneficial gut microbiota, including Oscillospiraceae and Rikenellaceae at the family level, and Oscillibacter, Alistipes, Pseudoflavonifractor, Duncaniella, and Flintibacter at the genus level. The observed alteration in these gut microbiota profiles suggests a potential crosswalk in the liver and brain for regulating metabolic and cognitive functions, particularly in the context of obesity-associated cognitive disfunction, notably AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Da-Yeon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yoo Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
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2
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Tocantins C, Martins JD, Rodrigues ÓM, Grilo LF, Diniz MS, Stevanovic-Silva J, Beleza J, Coxito P, Rizo-Roca D, Santos-Alves E, Rios M, Carvalho L, Moreno AJ, Ascensão A, Magalhães J, Oliveira PJ, Pereira SP. Metabolic mitochondrial alterations prevail in the female rat heart 8 weeks after exercise cessation. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14069. [PMID: 37525474 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of high-caloric diets strongly contributes to the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Exercise (along with diet intervention) is one of the primary non-pharmacological approaches to promote a healthier lifestyle and counteract the rampant prevalence of NCDs. The present study evaluated the effects of exercise cessation after a short period training on the cardiac metabolic and mitochondrial function of female rats. METHODS Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control or a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet and, after 7 weeks, the animals were kept on a sedentary lifestyle or submitted to endurance exercise for 3 weeks (6 days per week, 20-60 min/day). The cardiac samples were analysed 8 weeks after exercise cessation. RESULTS The consumption of the HFHS diet triggered impaired glucose tolerance, whereas the HFHS diet and physical exercise resulted in different responses in plasma adiponectin and leptin levels. Cardiac mitochondrial respiration efficiency was decreased by the HFHS diet consumption, which led to reduced ATP and increased NAD(P)H mitochondrial levels, which remained prevented by exercise 8 weeks after cessation. Exercise training-induced cardiac adaptations in redox balance, namely increased relative expression of Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant enzymes persist after an eight-week exercise cessation period. CONCLUSIONS Endurance exercise modulated cardiac redox balance and mitochondrial efficiency in female rats fed a HFHS diet. These findings suggest that exercise may elicit cardiac adaptations crucial for its role as a non-pharmacological intervention for individuals at risk of developing NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Tocantins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João D Martins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Óscar M Rodrigues
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F Grilo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jelena Stevanovic-Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Beleza
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coxito
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Rizo-Roca
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Santos-Alves
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoel Rios
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António J Moreno
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Dapa T, Ramiro RS, Pedro MF, Gordo I, Xavier KB. Diet leaves a genetic signature in a keystone member of the gut microbiota. Cell Host Microbe 2022:S1931-3128(22)00038-5. [PMID: 35085504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Switching from a low-fat and high-fiber diet to a Western-style high-fat and high-sugar diet causes microbiota imbalances that underlay many pathological conditions (i.e., dysbiosis). Although the effects of dietary changes on microbiota composition and functions are well documented, their impact in gut bacterial evolution remains unexplored. We followed the emergence of mutations in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prevalent fiber-degrading microbiota member, upon colonization of the murine gut under different dietary regimens. B. thetaiotaomicron evolved rapidly in the gut and Western-style diet selected for mutations that promote degradation of mucin-derived glycans. Periodic dietary changes caused fluctuations in the frequency of such mutations and were associated with metabolic shifts, resulting in the maintenance of higher intraspecies genetic diversity compared to constant dietary regimens. These results show that dietary changes leave a genetic signature in microbiome members and suggest that B. thetaiotaomicron genetic diversity could be a biomarker for dietary differences among individuals.
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Sketriene D, Battista D, Perry CJ, Sumithran P, Lawrence AJ, Brown RM. N-acetylcysteine reduces addiction-like behaviour towards high-fat high-sugar food in diet-induced obese rats. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4877-4887. [PMID: 34028895 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive forms of eating displayed by some obese individuals share similarities with compulsive drug-taking behaviour, a hallmark feature of substance use disorder. This raises the possibility that drug addiction treatments may show utility in the treatment of compulsive overeating. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a cysteine pro-drug which has experienced some success in clinical trials, reducing cocaine, marijuana and cigarette use, as well as compulsive behaviours such as gambling and trichotillomania. We assessed the impact of NAC on addiction-like behaviour towards highly palatable food in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on a high-fat high-sugar diet for 8 weeks and then assigned to diet-induced obesity-prone (DIO) or diet-induced obesity-resistant (DR) groups based on weight gain. DIO and DR rats were subjected to an operant conditioning paradigm whereby rats could lever press for high-fat high-sugar food pellets. This alternated with periods of signalled reward unavailability. Before treatment DIO rats ate more in their home cage, earned more food pellets in operant sessions, and responded more during periods that signalled reward unavailability (suggestive of compulsive-like food seeking) compared with DR rats. This persistent responding in the absence of reward displayed by DIO rats was ameliorated by daily injections of NAC (100 mg/kg, i.p.) for 14 days. By the end of the treatment period, lever-pressing by NAC-treated DIO rats resembled that of DR rats. These findings suggest that NAC reduces addiction-like behaviour towards food in rats and supports the potential use of this compound in compulsive overeating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sketriene
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Research Theme, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Damien Battista
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Research Theme, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina J Perry
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Research Theme, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Priya Sumithran
- Department of Medicine (Austin), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Research Theme, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn M Brown
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Research Theme, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville/Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Salberg S, Yamakawa GR, Griep Y, Bain J, Beveridge JK, Sun M, McDonald SJ, Shultz SR, Brady RD, Wright DK, Noel M, Mychasiuk R. Pain in the Developing Brain: Early Life Factors Alter Nociception and Neurobiological Function in Adolescent Rats. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab014. [PMID: 34296160 PMCID: PMC8152853 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although adverse early experiences prime individuals to be at increased risk for chronic pain, little research has examined the trauma–pain relationship in early life or the underlying mechanisms that drive pathology over time. Given that early experiences can potentiate the nociceptive response, this study aimed to examine the effects of a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet and early life stress (maternal separation [MS]) on pain outcomes in male and female adolescent rats. Half of the rats also underwent a plantar-incision surgery to investigate how the pain system responded to a mildly painful stimuli in adolescence. Compared with controls, animals that were on the HFHS diet, experienced MS, or had exposure to both, exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior and altered thermal and mechanical nociception at baseline and following the surgery. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated that the HFHS diet and MS altered the maturation of the brain, leading to changes in brain volume and diffusivity within the anterior cingulate, amygdala, corpus callosum, nucleus accumbens, and thalamus, while also modifying the integrity of the corticospinal tracts. The effects of MS and HFHS diet were often cumulative, producing exacerbated pain sensitivity and increased neurobiological change. As early experiences are modifiable, understanding their role in pain may provide targets for early intervention/prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Salberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Yannick Griep
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 GD, the Netherlands.,Division of Epidemiology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 19, Sweden
| | - Jesse Bain
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Jaimie K Beveridge
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Melanie Noel
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia.,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
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Masís-Vargas A, Hicks D, Kalsbeek A, Mendoza J. Blue light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance and increases sugar intake in the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei in a sex-dependent manner. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14257. [PMID: 31646762 PMCID: PMC6811685 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In our modern society, the exposure to light at night (LAN) has increased considerably, which may impact human health negatively. Especially exposure to light at night containing short wavelength emissions (~450–500 nm) can disrupt the normal function of the biological clock, altering sleep‐wake cycles and inducing metabolic changes. Recently, we reported that light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance in nocturnal rats. However, light at night in nocturnal rodents coincides with their activity period, in contrast to artificial light at night exposure in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of blue (λ = 490 ± 20 nm) artificial light at night (bALAN) on glucose metabolism and food intake in both male and female diurnal Sudanian grass rats (Arvicanthis ansorgei) fed either regular chow or a free choice high‐fat high sucrose diet (HFHS). In both chow and HFHS fed male Arvicanthis, 1‐hour of bALAN exposure induced a higher glucose response in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) accompanied by a significant decrease in plasma insulin. Furthermore, in HFHS fed animals, bALAN induced an increase in sucrose intake during the dark phase in males but not in females. Additionally, 1‐h of bALAN increased the nonfasted glucose levels together with plasma corticosterone in female grass rats. These results provide new and further evidence for the deleterious effects of exposure to short wavelength emission‐containing artificial light at night on glucose metabolism in a diurnal rodent in a sex‐dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayanci Masís-Vargas
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Hicks
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Mendoza
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Vileigas DF, Marciano CLDC, Mota GAF, de Souza SLB, Sant’Ana PG, Okoshi K, Padovani CR, Cicogna AC. Temporal Measures in Cardiac Structure and Function During the Development of Obesity Induced by Different Types of Western Diet in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010068. [PMID: 31888029 PMCID: PMC7019835 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized worldwide as a complex metabolic disorder that has reached epidemic proportions and is often associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases. To study this pathology and evaluate cardiac function, several models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) have been developed. The Western diet (WD) is one of the most widely used models; however, variations in diet composition and time period of the experimental protocol make comparisons challenging. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different types of Western diet on cardiac remodeling in obese rats with sequential analyses during a long-term follow-up. Male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups fed with control diet (CD), Western diet fat (WDF), and Western diet sugar (WDS) for 41 weeks. The animal nutritional profile and cardiac histology were assessed at the 41st week. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by echocardiogram at four different moments: 17, 25, 33, and 41 weeks. A noninvasive method was performed to assess systolic blood pressure at the 33rd and 41st week. The animals fed with WD (WDF and WDS) developed pronounced obesity with an average increase of 86.5% in adiposity index at the end of the experiment. WDF and WDS groups also presented hypertension. The echocardiographic data showed no structural differences among the three groups, but WDF animals presented decreased endocardial fractional shortening and ejection fraction at the 33rd and 41st week, suggesting altered systolic function. Moreover, WDF and WFS animals did not present hypertrophy and interstitial collagen accumulation in the left ventricle. In conclusion, both WD were effective in triggering severe obesity in rats; however, only the WDF induced mild cardiac dysfunction after long-term diet exposure. Further studies are needed to search for an appropriate DIO model with relevant cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Fernandes Vileigas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Cecília Lume de Carvalho Marciano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Gustavo Augusto Ferreira Mota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Sérgio Luiz Borges de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Paula Grippa Sant’Ana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618970, Brazil;
| | - Antonio Carlos Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil; (D.F.V.); (C.L.d.C.M.); (G.A.F.M.); (S.L.B.d.S.); (P.G.S.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-3880-1618
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Pape JA, Newey CR, Burrell HR, Workman A, Perry K, Bikman BT, Bridgewater LC, Grose JH. Per-Arnt-Sim Kinase (PASK) Deficiency Increases Cellular Respiration on a Standard Diet and Decreases Liver Triglyceride Accumulation on a Western High-Fat High-Sugar Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1990. [PMID: 30558306 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and the related disease metabolic syndrome are epidemic in the United States, in part due to a shift in diet and decrease in physical exercise. PAS kinase is a sensory protein kinase associated with many of the phenotypes of these diseases, including hepatic triglyceride accumulation and metabolic dysregulation in male mice placed on a high-fat diet. Herein we provide the first characterization of the effects of western diet (high-fat high-sugar, HFHS) on Per-Arnt-Sim kinase mice (PASK−/−) and the first characterization of both male and female PASK−/− mice. Soleus muscle from the PASK−/− male mice displayed a 2-fold higher oxidative phosphorylation capacity than wild type (WT) on the normal chow diet. PASK−/− male mice were also resistant to hepatic triglyceride accumulation on the HFHS diet, displaying a 2.7-fold reduction in hepatic triglycerides compared to WT mice on the HFHS diet. These effects on male hepatic triglyceride were further explored through mass spectrometry-based lipidomics. The absence of PAS kinase was found to affect many of the 44 triglycerides analyzed, preventing hepatic triglyceride accumulation in response to the HFHS diet. In contrast, the female mice showed resistance to hepatic triglyceride accumulation on the HFHS diet regardless of genotype, suggesting the effects of PAS kinase may be masked.
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Oosterman JE, Foppen E, van der Spek R, Fliers E, Kalsbeek A, la Fleur SE. Timing of fat and liquid sugar intake alters substrate oxidation and food efficiency in male Wistar rats. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:289-98. [PMID: 25317718 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.971177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the amount of ingested calories, both timing of food intake and meal composition are determinants of body weight gain. However, at present, it is unknown if the inappropriate timing of diet components is responsible for body weight gain. In the present study, we therefore studied a time-dependent effect of the diet composition on energy homeostasis. Male Wistar rats were subjected to chow ad libitum (chow group) or a choice diet with saturated fat, a 30% sugar solution, chow and tap water. The choice diet was provided either with all components ad libitum (AL), with ad libitum access to chow, tap water and a 30% sugar solution, but with access to saturated fat only during the light period (LF), or with ad libitum access to chow, tap water and saturated fat, but access to a 30% sugar solution only during the light period (LS). Caloric intake and body weight gain were monitored during 31 days. Energy expenditure was measured in the third week in calorimetric cages. All rats on a choice diet showed hyperphagia and gained more body weight compared to the chow group. Within the choice diet groups, rats on the LS diet were most food efficient (i.e. gained most body weight per ingested calorie) and showed a lower respiratory exchange ratio (RER) with an anti-phasic pattern, whereas no differences in locomotor activity or heat production were found. Collectively these data indicate that the timing of the diet composition affects food efficiency, most likely due to a shifted oxidation pattern, which can predispose for obesity. Further studies are underway to assess putative mechanisms involved in this dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanneke E Oosterman
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands and
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