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Sengupta S, Senthil Kumar S, Bondra K, Sobo M, Mo X, Drissi R. Limitations of radiosensitization by direct telomerase inhibition to treat high-risk medulloblastoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1104670. [PMID: 36741010 PMCID: PMC9891285 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1104670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Previous studies have elucidated the genomic landscape of MB leading to the recognition of four core molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, group 3 and group 4) with distinct clinical outcomes. Group 3 has the worst prognosis of all MB. Radiotherapy (RT) remains a major component in the treatment of poor prognosis MB but is rarely curative alone and is associated with acute and long-term toxicities. A hallmark of cancer cells is their unlimited proliferative potential which correlates closely with telomere length. The vast majority of malignant tumors activate telomerase to maintain telomere length, whereas this activity is barely detectable in most normal human somatic tissues, making telomerase inhibition a rational therapeutic target in the setting of cancer recurrence and therapy resistance. We and others have previously shown that short telomeres confer sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) suggesting that telomerase inhibition mediated telomere shortening will improve the efficacy of RT while minimizing its side effects. Here, we investigated the efficacy of the combination of IR with IMT, a potent telomerase inhibitor, in an in vivo model of group 3 MB. Our results indicate that although IMT inhibited MB telomerase activity resulting in telomere shortening and delayed tumor growth, the combination with IR did not prevent tumor recurrence and did not improve survival compared to the treatment with IR alone. Together, these findings suggest that the radiosensitization by direct telomerase inhibition is not an effective approach to treat high-risk pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satarupa Sengupta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Shiva Senthil Kumar
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas (UT) Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Matthew Sobo
- Department of Technical and Scientific Support, Diapharma, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rachid Drissi
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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Hasan N, Sham NFR, Karim MKA, Fuad SBSA, Hasani NAH, Omar E, Ibahim MJ. Development of custom lead shield and strainer for targeted irradiation for mice in the gamma cell chamber. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14559. [PMID: 34267293 PMCID: PMC8282798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We presented a development of a custom lead shield and mouse strainer for targeted irradiation from the gamma-cell chamber. This study was divided into two parts i.e., to (i) fabricate the shield and strainer from a lead (Pb) and (ii) optimize the irradiation to the mice-bearing tumour model with 2 and 8 Gy absorbed doses. The lead shielding was fabricated into a cuboid shape with a canal on the top and a hole on the vertical side for the beam path. Respective deliveries doses of 28 and 75 Gy from gamma-cell were used to achieve 2 and 8 Gy absorbed doses at the tumour sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhaslina Hasan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47200, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47200, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Effat Omar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47200, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Johari Ibahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47200, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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3
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Codenotti S, Marampon F, Triggiani L, Bonù ML, Magrini SM, Ceccaroli P, Guescini M, Gastaldello S, Tombolini V, Poliani PL, Asperti M, Poli M, Monti E, Fanzani A. Caveolin-1 promotes radioresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma through increased oxidative stress protection and DNA repair. Cancer Lett 2021; 505:1-12. [PMID: 33610729 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate whether Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a membrane scaffolding protein widely implicated in cancer, may play a role in radiation response in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a pediatric soft tissue tumor. For this purpose, we employed human RD cells in which Cav-1 expression was stably increased via gene transfection. After radiation treatment, we observed that Cav-1 limited cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and enhanced resistance to cell senescence and apoptosis via reduction of p21Cip1/Waf1, p16INK4a and Caspase-3 cleavage. After radiotherapy, Cav-1-mediated cell radioresistance was characterized by low accumulation of H2AX foci, as confirmed by Comet assay, marked neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced DNA repair via activation of ATM, Ku70/80 complex and DNA-PK. We found that Cav-1-overexpressing RD cells, already under basal conditions, had higher glutathione (GSH) content and greater catalase expression, which conferred protection against acute treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, pre-treatment of Cav-1-overexpressing cells with PP2 or LY294002 compounds restored the sensitivity to radiation treatment, indicating a role for Src-kinases and Akt pathways in Cav-1-mediated radioresistance. These findings were confirmed using radioresistant RD and RH30 lines generated by hypofractionated radiotherapy protocol, which showed marked increase of Cav-1, catalase and Akt, and sensitivity to PP2 and LY294002 treatment. In conclusion, these data suggest that concerted activity of Cav-1 and catalase, in cooperation with activation of Src-kinase and Akt pathways, may represent a network of vital mechanisms that allow irradiated RMS cells to evade cell death induced by oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Lorenzo Bonù
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Maria Magrini
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Ceccaroli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Precision Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003 China
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Asperti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Studebaker A, Bondra K, Seum S, Shen C, Phelps DA, Chronowski C, Leasure J, Smith PD, Kurmasheva RT, Mo X, Fouladi M, Houghton PJ. Inhibition of MEK confers hypersensitivity to X-radiation in the context of BRAF mutation in a model of childhood astrocytoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:1768-74. [PMID: 25981859 PMCID: PMC4561855 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Curative therapy for childhood glioma presents challenges when complete resection is not possible. Patients with recurrent low-grade tumors or anaplastic astrocytoma may receive radiation treatment; however, the long-term sequellae from radiation treatment can be severe. As many childhood gliomas are associated with activation of BRAF, we have explored the combination of ionizing radiation with MEK inhibition in a model of BRAF-mutant anaplastic astrocytoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The regulation of TORC1 signaling by BRAF was examined in BT-40 (BRAF mutant) and BT-35 (BRAF wild type) xenografts, in a cell line derived from the BT-40 xenograft and two adult BRAF mutant glioblastoma cell lines. The effect of MEK inhibition (selumetinib), XRT (total dose 10 Gy as 2 Gy daily fractions), or the combination of selumetinib and XRT was evaluated in subcutaneous BT-40 xenografts. RESULTS Inhibition of MEK signaling by selumetinib suppressed TORC1 signaling only in the context of the BRAF-mutant both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of MEK signaling in BT-40 cells or in xenografts lead to a complete suppression of FANCD2 and conferred hypersensitivity to XRT in BT-40 xenografts without increasing local skin toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Selumetinib suppressed TORC1 signaling in the context of BRAF mutation. Selumetinib caused a rapid downregulation of FANCD2 and markedly potentiated the effect of XRT. These data suggest the possibility of potentiating the effect of XRT selectively in tumor cells by MEK inhibition in the context of mutant BRAF or maintaining tumor control at lower doses of XRT that would decrease long-term sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Studebaker
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Star Seum
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Changxian Shen
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Doris A. Phelps
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Christopher Chronowski
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Justin Leasure
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Paul D. Smith
- Astrazeneca Ltd., Oncology iMed, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Raushan T. Kurmasheva
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University
| | | | - Peter J. Houghton
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
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Woods GM, Bondra K, Chronowski C, Leasure J, Singh M, Hensley L, Cripe TP, Chakravarti A, Houghton P. Radiation therapy may increase metastatic potential in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:1550-1554. [PMID: 25790258 PMCID: PMC4515174 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously determined that radiation could be safely administered using a mouse-flank in vivo model to both alveolar (Rh30) and embryonal (Rh18) rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts. Mice from both tumor lines in this experiment developed metastases, an event not previously described with these models. We sought to determine if radiation-induced changes in gene expression underlie an increase in the metastatic behavior of these tumor models. PROCEDURE Parental Rh18 and Rh30 xenografts, as well as tumor that recurred locally after radiotherapy (Rh18RT and Rh30RT), were grown subcutaneously in the flanks of SCID mice and then subjected to either fractionated radiotherapy or survival surgery alone. Metastasis formation was monitored and recorded. Gene expression profiling was also performed on RNA extracted from parental, recurrent, and metastatic tissue of both tumor lines. RESULTS Rh30 and Rh30RT xenografts demonstrated metastases only if they were exposed to fractionated radiotherapy, whereas Rh18 and Rh18RT xenografts experienced significantly fewer metastatic events when treated with fractionated radiotherapy compared to survival surgery alone. Mean time to metastasis formation was 40 days in the recurrent tumors and 73 days in the parental xenografts. Gene expression profiling noted clustering of Rh30 recurrent and metastatic tissue that was independent of the parental Rh30 tissue. Rh18RT xenografts lost radiosensitivity compared to parental Rh18. CONCLUSION Radiation therapy can significantly decrease the formation of metastases in radio-sensitive tumors (Rh18) and may induce a more pro-metastatic phenotype in radio-resistant lines (Rh30).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher Chronowski
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Justin Leasure
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Mamata Singh
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Lauren Hensley
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
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Phelps DA, Bondra K, Seum S, Chronowski C, Leasure J, Kurmasheva RT, Middleton S, Wang D, Mo X, Houghton PJ. Inhibition of MDM2 by RG7388 confers hypersensitivity to X-radiation in xenograft models of childhood sarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:1345-52. [PMID: 25832557 PMCID: PMC4563820 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curative therapy for childhood sarcoma presents challenges when complete resection is not possible. Ionizing radiation (XRT) is used as a standard modality at diagnosis or recurrence for childhood sarcoma; however, local recurrence is still problematic. Most childhood sarcomas are TP53 wild type at diagnosis, although approximately 5-10% have MDM2 amplification or overexpression. PROCEDURES The MDM2 inhibitor, RG7388, was examined alone or in combination with XRT (20Gy given in 2 Gy daily fractions) to immune-deficient mice bearing Rh18 (embryonal) or a total of 30 Gy in 2 Gy fractions to mice bearing Rh30 (alveolar) rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts. RG7388 was administered by oral gavage using two schedules (daily ×5; schedule 1 or once weekly; schedule 2). TP53-responsive gene products (p21, PUMA, DDB2, and MIC1) as well as markers of apoptosis were analyzed. RESULTS RG7388 showed no significant single agent antitumor activity. Twenty Grays XRT induced complete regressions (CR) of Rh18 with 100 percent tumor regrowth by week 7, but no tumor regrowth at 20 weeks when combined with RG7388. RG7388 enhanced time to recurrence combined with XRT in Rh30 xenografts compared to 30 Gy XRT alone. RG7388 did not enhance XRT-induced local skin toxicity. Combination treatments induced TP53 responsive genes more rapidly and to a greater magnitude than single agent treatments. CONCLUSIONS RG7388 enhanced the activity of XRT in both rhabdomyosarcoma models without increasing local XRT-induced skin toxicity. Changes in TP53-responsive genes were consistent with the synergistic activity of RG7388 and XRT in the Rh18 model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris A. Phelps
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Star Seum
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Christopher Chronowski
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Justin Leasure
- Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute
| | - Raushan T. Kurmasheva
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
| | | | - Dian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University
| | - Peter J. Houghton
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205
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Singh M, Leasure JM, Chronowski C, Geier B, Bondra K, Duan W, Hensley LA, Villalona-Calero M, Li N, Vergis AM, Kurmasheva RT, Shen C, Woods G, Sebastian N, Fabian D, Kaplon R, Hammond S, Palanichamy K, Chakravarti A, Houghton PJ. FANCD2 is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma harboring the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion gene. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:3884-95. [PMID: 24787670 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma that harbors the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion gene (t-ARMS) is a common and lethal subtype of this childhood malignancy. Improvement in clinical outcomes in this disease is predicated upon the identification of novel therapeutic targets. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Robust mouse models were used for in vivo analysis, and molecular studies were performed on xenografts treated in parallel. Two independent patient sets (n = 101 and 124) of clinically annotated tumor specimens were used for analysis of FANCD2 levels and its association with clinical and molecular characteristics and outcomes. RESULTS Our xenograft studies reveal a selective suppression of FANCD2 by m-TOR kinase inhibition and radiosensitization of the t-ARMS line only. In the initial patient set, we show that FANCD2 transcript levels are prognostic in univariate analysis, and are significantly associated with metastatic disease and that the copresence of the translocation and high expression of FANCD2 is independently prognostic. We also demonstrate a significant and nonrandom enrichment of mTOR-associated genes that correlate with FANCD2 gene expression within the t-ARMS samples, but not within other cases. In the second patient set, we show that on a protein level, FANCD2 expression correlates with PAX3-FOXO1 fusion gene and is strongly associated with phospho-P70S6K expression in cases with the fusion gene. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that FANCD2 may have a significant role in the radiation resistance and virulence of t-ARMS. Indirectly targeting this DNA repair protein, through mTOR inhibition, may represent a novel and selective treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamata Singh
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Justin M Leasure
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Christopher Chronowski
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Brian Geier
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Wenrui Duan
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Lauren A Hensley
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Miguel Villalona-Calero
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Ning Li
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Anthony M Vergis
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | | | | | - Gary Woods
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Nikhil Sebastian
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Denise Fabian
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Rita Kaplon
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Sue Hammond
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Kamalakannan Palanichamy
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Authors' Affiliations: Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute; and
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Lu L, Bondra K, Gupta N, Sommerfeld J, Chronowski C, Leasure J, Singh M, Pelloski CE. Using NanoDot dosimetry to study the RS 2000 X-ray biological irradiator. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 89:1094-9. [PMID: 23786571 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2013.817703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use NanoDot dosimeters to study the RS 2000 X-ray Biological Irradiator dosimetry characteristics and perform in vivo dosimetry for cell or small animal experiments. METHODS AND MATERIALS We first calibrated the Landauer NanoDot(™) Reader by irradiating some NanoDot dosimeters with a set of known doses at specific positions defined by the irradiator. A group of five NanoDot dosimeters were placed at five specific positions where the dose rates were known and provided by the irradiator. Each group was irradiated for a set of times respectively. By correlating the readings of dosimeters with the given irradiated doses, we established the dose-reading relationship for the irradiator under the specific running condition. The established calibration curve was validated by exposing arbitrary known doses to a set of dosimeters, using the Landauer NanoDot(™) Reader to measure the doses, and then making the comparison between the two doses. To study the dose gradient of the X-ray inside the irradiated target (dose variation/cm), we placed dosimeters under different thicknesses of water-equivalent bolus and irradiated them, then measured the doses to determine the dose gradient. RESULTS Using the method described above, we were able to calibrate the Landauer InLight NanoDot(™) Reader and use NanoDot dosimeters to measure the actual doses delivered to the targets for the cell/small animal experiments that use the RS 2000 X-ray Biological Irradiator. CONCLUSIONS NanoDots are ideal dosimeters to use for in vivo dosimetry for cell/small animal irradiation experiments. The dose decrease inside the animal tissue is about 20% per cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanchun Lu
- Wexner Medical Center, The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio , USA
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