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Fasciani I, Petragnano F, Wang Z, Edwards R, Telugu N, Pietrantoni I, Zabel U, Zauber H, Grieben M, Terzenidou ME, Di Gregorio J, Pellegrini C, Santini S, Taddei AR, Pohl B, Aringhieri S, Carli M, Aloisi G, Marampon F, Charlesworth E, Roman A, Diecke S, Flati V, Giorgi F, Amicarelli F, Tobin AB, Scarselli M, Tokatlidis K, Rossi M, Lohse MJ, Annibale P, Maggio R. The C-terminus of the prototypical M2 muscarinic receptor localizes to the mitochondria and regulates cell respiration under stress conditions. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002582. [PMID: 38683874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are prototypical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), members of a large family of 7 transmembrane receptors mediating a wide variety of extracellular signals. We show here, in cultured cells and in a murine model, that the carboxyl terminal fragment of the muscarinic M2 receptor, comprising the transmembrane regions 6 and 7 (M2tail), is expressed by virtue of an internal ribosome entry site localized in the third intracellular loop. Single-cell imaging and import in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that M2tail, whose expression is up-regulated in cells undergoing integrated stress response, does not follow the normal route to the plasma membrane, but is almost exclusively sorted to the mitochondria inner membrane: here, it controls oxygen consumption, cell proliferation, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing oxidative phosphorylation. Crispr/Cas9 editing of the key methionine where cap-independent translation begins in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), reveals the physiological role of this process in influencing cell proliferation and oxygen consumption at the endogenous level. The expression of the C-terminal domain of a GPCR, capable of regulating mitochondrial function, constitutes a hitherto unknown mechanism notably unrelated to its canonical signaling function as a GPCR at the plasma membrane. This work thus highlights a potential novel mechanism that cells may use for controlling their metabolism under variable environmental conditions, notably as a negative regulator of cell respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ziming Wang
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruairidh Edwards
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ilaria Pietrantoni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ulrike Zabel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Zauber
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maria E Terzenidou
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacopo Di Gregorio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Cristina Pellegrini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvano Santini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna R Taddei
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Great Equipment Center, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Bärbel Pohl
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefano Aringhieri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Aloisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Eve Charlesworth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Franco Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrew B Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Martin J Lohse
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- ISAR Bioscience Institute, Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Annibale
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Codenotti S, Sandrini L, Mandracchia D, Lorenzi L, Corsetti G, Poli M, Asperti M, Salvi V, Bosisio D, Monti E, Mitola S, Triggiani L, Guescini M, Pozzo E, Sampaolesi M, Gastaldello S, Cassandri M, Marampon F, Fanzani A. Statin-Sensitive Akt1/Src/Caveolin-1 Signaling Enhances Oxidative Stress Resistance in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:853. [PMID: 38473215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance is a priority for the treatment of RMS, a myogenic tumor accounting for approximately 50% of all pediatric soft tissue sarcomas. We found that irradiation (IR) transiently increased phosphorylation of Akt1, Src, and Cav1 in human RD and RH30 lines. Synthetic inhibition of Akt1 and Src phosphorylation increased ROS levels in all RMS lines, promoting cellular radiosensitization. Accordingly, the elevated activation of the Akt1/Src/Cav1 pathway, as detected in two RD lines characterized by overexpression of a myristoylated Akt1 form (myrAkt1) or Cav1 (RDCav1), was correlated with reduced levels of ROS, higher expression of catalase, and increased radioresistance. We found that treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs such as lovastatin and simvastatin promoted cell apoptosis in all RMS lines by reducing Akt1 and Cav1 levels and increasing intracellular ROS levels. Combining statins with IR significantly increased DNA damage and cell apoptosis as assessed by γ histone 2AX (γH2AX) staining and FACS analysis. Furthermore, in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent actinomycin D, statins were effective in reducing cell survival through increased apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that the molecularly linked signature formed by Akt1, Src, Cav1, and catalase may represent a prognostic determinant for identifying subgroups of RMS patients with higher probability of recurrence after radiotherapy. Furthermore, statin-induced oxidative stress could represent a treatment option to improve the success of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sandrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Delia Mandracchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Lorenzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Asperti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Triggiani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Enrico Pozzo
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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De Felice F, Serpone M, Cattaneo CG, Di Giammarco F, Fallico A, Delle Donne A, Lanzilao M, Vitti E, Marampon F, Musio D, Tombolini V, Minniti G. Definitive weekly hypofractionated radiotherapy in surgery-ineligible older adults with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:101596. [PMID: 37517887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study intends to address the impact of weekly hypofractionated radiation therapy with curative intent for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Felice
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Serpone
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Guglielmo Cattaneo
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Di Giammarco
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Fallico
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Delle Donne
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maura Lanzilao
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Vitti
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 326, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Pomella S, Cassandri M, D'Archivio L, Porrazzo A, Cossetti C, Phelps D, Perrone C, Pezzella M, Cardinale A, Wachtel M, Aloisi S, Milewski D, Colletti M, Sreenivas P, Walters ZS, Barillari G, Di Giannatale A, Milano GM, De Stefanis C, Alaggio R, Rodriguez-Rodriguez S, Carlesso N, Vakoc CR, Velardi E, Schafer BW, Guccione E, Gatz SA, Wasti A, Yohe M, Ignatius M, Quintarelli C, Shipley J, Miele L, Khan J, Houghton PJ, Marampon F, Gryder BE, De Angelis B, Locatelli F, Rota R. MYOD-SKP2 axis boosts tumorigenesis in fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma by preventing differentiation through p57 Kip2 targeting. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8373. [PMID: 38102140 PMCID: PMC10724275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are pediatric mesenchymal-derived malignancies encompassing PAX3/7-FOXO1 Fusion Positive (FP)-RMS, and Fusion Negative (FN)-RMS with frequent RAS pathway mutations. RMS express the master myogenic transcription factor MYOD that, whilst essential for survival, cannot support differentiation. Here we discover SKP2, an oncogenic E3-ubiquitin ligase, as a critical pro-tumorigenic driver in FN-RMS. We show that SKP2 is overexpressed in RMS through the binding of MYOD to an intronic enhancer. SKP2 in FN-RMS promotes cell cycle progression and prevents differentiation by directly targeting p27Kip1 and p57Kip2, respectively. SKP2 depletion unlocks a partly MYOD-dependent myogenic transcriptional program and strongly affects stemness and tumorigenic features and prevents in vivo tumor growth. These effects are mirrored by the investigational NEDDylation inhibitor MLN4924. Results demonstrate a crucial crosstalk between transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms through the MYOD-SKP2 axis that contributes to tumorigenesis in FN-RMS. Finally, NEDDylation inhibition is identified as a potential therapeutic vulnerability in FN-RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pomella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia D'Archivio
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Porrazzo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cossetti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Doris Phelps
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Clara Perrone
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Pezzella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Cardinale
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Wachtel
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Aloisi
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - David Milewski
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH,, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zoë S Walters
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology, Divisions of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Rita Alaggio
- Department of Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Nadia Carlesso
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Enrico Velardi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Beat W Schafer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susanne A Gatz
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Ajla Wasti
- Children and Young People's Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Marielle Yohe
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Myron Ignatius
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Janet Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology, Divisions of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH,, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter J Houghton
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute (GCCRI), UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Berkley E Gryder
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
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De Pietro R, Zaccaro L, Marampon F, Tini P, De Felice F, Minniti G. The evolving role of reirradiation in the management of recurrent brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:271-286. [PMID: 37624529 PMCID: PMC10522742 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite aggressive management consisting of surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and systemic therapy given alone or in combination, a significant proportion of patients with brain tumors will experience tumor recurrence. For these patients, no standard of care exists and management of either primary or metastatic recurrent tumors remains challenging.Advances in imaging and RT technology have enabled more precise tumor localization and dose delivery, leading to a reduction in the volume of health brain tissue exposed to high radiation doses. Radiation techniques have evolved from three-dimensional (3-D) conformal RT to the development of sophisticated techniques, including intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric arc therapy (VMAT), and stereotactic techniques, either stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). Several studies have suggested that a second course of RT is a feasible treatment option in patients with a recurrent tumor; however, survival benefit and treatment related toxicity of reirradiation, given alone or in combination with other focal or systemic therapies, remain a controversial issue.We provide a critical overview of the current clinical status and technical challenges of reirradiation in patients with both recurrent primary brain tumors, such as gliomas, ependymomas, medulloblastomas, and meningiomas, and brain metastases. Relevant clinical questions such as the appropriate radiation technique and patient selection, the optimal radiation dose and fractionation, tolerance of the brain to a second course of RT, and the risk of adverse radiation effects have been critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella De Pietro
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucy Zaccaro
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Isernia, Italy.
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6
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De Felice F, Serpone M, Cattaneo CG, Di Giammarco F, Fallico A, Delle Donne A, Lanzilao M, Vitti E, Marampon F, Musio D, Tombolini V, Minniti G. Surgery-ineligible elderly patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region gain clinical benefit from definitive weekly hypofractionated radiotherapy. Head Neck 2023; 45:2363-2368. [PMID: 37439379 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the role of definitive weekly hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of surgery-ineligible elderly patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region (cHNSCC). METHODS Eligible elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) with cHNSCC were included. Patients received definitive weekly hypofractionated RT, using megavoltage electrons, to a total dose of 56-64 Gy (8 Gy per fraction). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), defined as the percentage of patients with a complete (CR) or partial response (PR). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), pain response, tolerability, and safety. RESULTS A total of 19 patients with 27 lesions were included and treated with definitive weekly hypofractionated RT. All patients received the prescribed total dose. ORR was 92.6%, including 70.4% of lesions with a CR and 22.2% with a PR. Median DOR was 12 months. No severe toxicity occurred. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed the satisfying efficacy and acceptable toxicity of definitive weekly hypofractionated RT for cHNSCC in elderly patients. Our results establish weekly hypofractionated scheduleas a promising treatment option for elderly patients with cHNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Felice
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Serpone
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Guglielmo Cattaneo
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Di Giammarco
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Fallico
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Delle Donne
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maura Lanzilao
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Vitti
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Radiation Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Conte M, De Feo MS, Frantellizzi V, Marampon F, Filippi L, Schillaci O, De Vincentis G. Extraosseous distribution of 99mTc-diphosphonates during bone scintigraphy: review of the literature with case series presentation. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:18-27. [PMID: 37561127 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2242935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Technetium-99m (99mTc)-diphosphonates represent the most common radiopharmaceutical used for bone scintigraphy. Even if the uptake in bone tissue has been widely explored, atypical uptake could be seen in soft tissue malignancies during bone scintigraphy. Increased vascularization and endothelium permeability represent front-row players in the biodistribution of the tracer, albeit other causes have been identified such as trauma, necrosis, the presence of calcification in metastasis, the pH of the tissue and consequently the type of ion concentration. CONCLUSION The aim of this paper is to summarize the state of art of atypical soft tissue uptake seen in cancer tissues. The research was conducted on PubMed. The analysis of the literature suggests that calcium metabolism and ionic saturation have a pivotal role in the biodistribution of bone tracers. This phenomenon ranks in a complex scenario that includes carcinogenesis and cancer environment aspects. We also report two cases in our Institution in which atypical uptake in cancer tissues was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Conte
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia De Feo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Orazio Schillaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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8
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Conte M, De Feo MS, Frantellizzi V, Tomaciello M, Marampon F, Evangelista L, Filippi L, De Vincentis G. Radio-Guided Lung Surgery: A Feasible Approach for a Cancer Precision Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2628. [PMID: 37627887 PMCID: PMC10453216 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radio-guided surgery is a reliable approach used for localizing ground-glass opacities, lung nodules, and metastatic lymph nodes. Lung nodules, lymph node metastatic involvement, and ground-glass opacities often represent a challenge for surgical management and clinical work-up. METHODS PubMed research was conducted from January 1997 to June 2023 using the keywords "radioguided surgery and lung cancer". RESULTS Different studies were conducted with different tracers: technetium-99m-albumin macroaggregates, cyanoacrylate combined to technetium-99m-sulfur colloid, indium-111-pentetreotide, and fluorine-18-deoxyglucose. A study proposed naphthalocyanine radio-labeled with copper-64. Radio-guided surgery has been demonstrated to be a reliable approach in localizing a lesion, and has a low radiological burden for personnel exposure and low morbidity. The lack of necessity to conduct radio-guided surgery under fluoroscopy or echography makes this radio-guided surgery an easy way of performing precise surgical procedures. CONCLUSIONS Radio-guided surgery is a feasible approach useful for the intraoperative localization of ground-glass opacities, lung nodules, and metastatic lymph nodes. It is a valid alternative to the existing approaches due to its low cost, associated low morbidity, the possibility to perform the procedure after several hours, the low radiation dose applied, and the small amount of time that is required to perform it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Conte
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia De Feo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Tomaciello
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Evangelista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Marampon F, Parisi M, Cicco PR, Serpone M, Tomaciello M, Musio D, De Felice F, Tombolini V. Skin metastases from prostate cancer successfully treated with radiation therapy. BJR Case Rep 2023; 9:20200142. [PMID: 37576003 PMCID: PMC10412916 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20200142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin metastases from prostate cancer (PCa) are rare, cause considerable discomfort, and usually indicate advanced disease and a poor prognosis. To date, literature accounts for no more than 88 cases of skin metastasis from PCa, and radiation therapy (RT) is not considered a standard treatment option. Here, we have described a rare case of skin localization of castration-resistant metastatic PCa, which occurred in a 75-year-old male previously treated with RT for PCa, 11 years earlier. The skin lesions, which progressively appeared in different areas of the chest wall, were successfully treated with electron beam RT (900 cGy, for 3 consecutive days). Five months after irradiating skin metastases, the patient showed general fair conditions and no longer developed other skin lesions in the areas already treated or elsewhere. This report describes a scarce case of cutaneous metastases from PCa, underlying the crucial role of RT as a definitive palliative treatment that should be used to limit systemic chemotherapy-related toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Parisi
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Rodolfo Cicco
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Serpone
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Tomaciello
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Tini P, Yavoroska M, Mazzei MA, Miracco C, Pirtoli L, Tomaciello M, Marampon F, Minniti G. Low expression of Ki-67/MIB-1 labeling index in IDH wild type glioblastoma predicts prolonged survival independently by MGMT methylation status. J Neurooncol 2023:10.1007/s11060-023-04342-2. [PMID: 37227648 PMCID: PMC10322955 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Ki-67/MIB-1 labeling index (LI) is clinically used to differentiate between high and low-grade gliomas, while its prognostic value remains questionable. Glioblastoma (GBM) expressing wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase IDHwt, a relatively common malignant brain tumor in adults, is characterized by a dismal prognosis. Herein, we have retrospectively investigated the prognostic role of Ki-67/MIB-1-LI in a large group of IDHwt GBM. METHODS One hundred nineteen IDHwt GBM patients treated with surgery followed by Stupp's protocol in our Institution between January 2016 and December 2021 were selected. A cut-off value for Ki-67/MIB-1-LI was used with minimal p-value based approach. RESULTS A multivariate analysis showed that Ki-67/MIB-1-LI expression < 15% significantly correlated with a longer overall survival (OS), independently from the age of the patients, Karnofsky performance status scale, extent of surgery and O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG)-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation status. CONCLUSIONS Among other studies focused on Ki-67/MIB-1-LI, this is the first observational study showing a positive correlation between OS of IDHwt GBM patients and Ki-67/MIB-1-LI that we propose as a new predictive marker in this subtype of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tini
- Unit of Radiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Mariya Yavoroska
- Unit of Radiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Mazzei
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Pirtoli
- Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Miriam Tomaciello
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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Palmieri M, Armocida D, De Pietro R, Chiarello G, Rizzo F, Garbossa D, Marampon F, Santoro A, Frati A. Clinical efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy for WHO grade II intracranial meningioma. World Neurosurg 2023:S1878-8750(23)00560-0. [PMID: 37088414 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximal surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for grade II meningiomas, and for some authors to be sufficient to guarantee a long indolent course even without post-surgical radiotherapy (RT), but there is no consensus on the use of RT in this patient population. METHODS We retrospectively compared clinical and radiological outcome between WHO grade I (group A) and grade II (group B) surgically-treated meningiomas, focusing on the role of adjuvant RT. We registered clinical, surgical and radiological data to detect differences in survival and functional outcome between the two groups. RESULTS The final cohort consisted of 284 patients for group A and 94 patients for group B. Group B showed a higher risk of developing recurrence independently of the EOR (7,75% for Group A versus 27,7% for Group B, p=0.01). Patients who did not undergo adjuvant RT documented recurrence in 50% of cases, compared with 19% of patients who underwent RT (p=0.024). There is a weak difference in the risk of developing postoperative seizures in the group submitted to radiotherapy (p=0.08). Performance status remained stable for both groups, but for group B tended to decrease significantly after 1 year with regard to EOR and RT. CONCLUSIONS Recurrence is more frequent for Grade II meningiomas, even though there are not significant differences in terms of complications and functional outcome. Radiotherapy in grade II meningiomas does indeed lead to better control of recurrence, however, leading to an increased risk of seizures and reduced performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Palmieri
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University
| | - Daniele Armocida
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University; IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Pietro
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chiarello
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University; IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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Tomaciello M, Conte M, Montinaro FR, Sabatini A, Cunicella G, Di Giammarco F, Tini P, Gravina GL, Cortesi E, Minniti G, De Vincentis G, Frantellizzi V, Marampon F. Abscopal Effect on Bone Metastases from Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Retrospective Analysis of Challenge within a Challenge. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041157. [PMID: 37189775 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscopal effect (AE) describes the ability of radiotherapy (RT) to induce immune-mediated responses in nonirradiated distant metastasis. Bone represents the third most frequent site of metastasis and an immunologically favorable environment for the proliferation of cancer cells. We revised the literature, searching documented cases of AE involving bone metastases (BMs) and evaluated the incidence of AE involving BMs in patients requiring palliative RT on BMs or non-BMs treated at our department. METHODS Articles published in the PubMed/MEDLINE database were selected using the following search criteria: ((abscopal effect)) AND ((metastases)). Patients with BMs, who underwent performed bone scintigraphy before and at least 2-3 months after RT, were selected and screened between January 2015 and July 2022. AE was defined as an objective response according to the scan bone index for at least one nonirradiated metastasis at a distance > 10 cm from the irradiated lesion. The primary endpoint was the rate of AE on BMs. RESULTS Ten cases experiencing AE of BMs were identified from the literature and eight among our patients. CONCLUSIONS The analysis performed here suggests the use of hypofractionated radiotherapy as the only triggering factor for AE of BMs through the activation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Tomaciello
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Conte
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Montinaro
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Sabatini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Oncology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cunicella
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Di Giammarco
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrico Cortesi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Oncology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Division of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Tini P, Marampon F, Giraffa M, Bucelli S, Niyazi M, Belka C, Minniti G. Current status and perspectives of interventional clinical trials for brain metastases: analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:62. [PMID: 37016421 PMCID: PMC10074717 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of brain metastases (BM), the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, is becoming an emerging area of interest. Surgery, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), have historically been the main focal treatments for BM. However, the introduction of innovative targeted- and immune-based therapies is progressively changing the paradigm of BM treatment, resulting in an increase in clinical trials investigating new therapeutic strategies. METHODS Using ClinicalTrials.gov, the largest clinical trial registry with over 400,000 registered trials, we performed an analysis of phase II and phase III ongoing trials evaluating different systemic therapies, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery given alone or in combination in patients with BM. RESULTS One hundred sixty-eight trials, 133 phase II and 35 phase III; the largest part having primarily the curative treatment of patients with BM from lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma, were selected. One hundred sixty-three trials used systemic therapies. One hundred thirteen used tyrosine kinase inhibitors, more frequently Osimertinib, Icotinib and Pyrotinib, 50 used monoclonal antibodies, more frequently Trastuzumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, 20 used conventional chemotherapies whilst no oncological active drugs were used in 6 trials. Ninety-six trials include RT; 54 as exclusive treatment and 42 in combination with systemic therapies. CONCLUSION Systemic targeted- and/or immune-based therapies, combined or not with RT, are increasingly used in the routine of BM treatment. SRS is progressively replacing WBRT. All these trials intend to address multiple questions on the management of patients with BMs, including the recommended upfront treatment for different cancer histologies and the optimal timing between systemic therapies and radiation regarding brain control and neurocognitive outcome and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Giraffa
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, San Pietro Hospital FBF, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Samira Bucelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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Camero S, Milazzo L, Vulcano F, Pedini F, Pontecorvi P, Gerini G, Ceccarelli S, Anastasiadou E, Pomella S, Cassandri M, Porrazzo A, Rota R, Marchese C, Midulla F, Marampon F, Megiorni F. 105P SFX-01 in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma: Preclinical results in cellular models. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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15
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Pomella S, Cassandri M, Melaiu O, Marampon F, Gargari M, Campanella V, Rota R, Barillari G. DNA Damage Response Gene Signature as Potential Treatment Markers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032673. [PMID: 36768994 PMCID: PMC9916929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a rapidly progressive cancer that often develops resistance against DNA damage inducers, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are still the standard of care regimens for this tumor. Thus, the identification of biomarkers capable of monitoring the clinical progression of OSCC and its responsiveness to therapy is strongly required. To meet this need, here we have employed Whole Genome Sequencing and RNA-seq data from a cohort of 316 patients retrieved from the TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas to analyze the genomic and transcriptomic status of the DNA damage response (DDR) genes in OSCC. Then, we correlated the transcriptomic data with the clinical parameters of each patient. Finally, we relied on transcriptomic and drug sensitivity data from the CTRP v2 portal, performing Pearson's correlation analysis to identify putative vulnerabilities of OSCC cell lines correlated with DDR gene expression. Our results indicate that several DDR genes show a high frequency of genomic and transcriptomic alterations and that the expression of some of them correlates with OSCC grading and infection by the human papilloma virus. In addition, we have identified a signature of eight DDR genes (namely CCNB1, CCNB2, CDK2, CDK4, CHECK1, E2F1, FANCD2, and PRKDC) that could be predictive for OSCC response to the novel antitumor compounds sorafenib and tipifarnib-P1. Altogether, our data demonstrate that alterations in DDR genes could have an impact on the biology of OSCC. Moreover, here we propose a DDR gene signature whose expression could be predictive of OSCC responsiveness to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pomella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gargari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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16
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Perrone C, Pomella S, Cassandri M, Pezzella M, Giuliani S, Gasperi T, Porrazzo A, Alisi A, Pastore A, Codenotti S, Fanzani A, Barillari G, Conti LA, De Angelis B, Quintarelli C, Mariottini P, Locatelli F, Marampon F, Rota R, Cervelli M. Spermine oxidase induces DNA damage and sensitizes fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma cells to irradiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1061570. [PMID: 36755974 PMCID: PMC9900442 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1061570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric myogenic soft tissue sarcoma that includes fusion-positive (FP) and fusion-negative (FN) molecular subtypes. FP-RMS expresses PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein and often shows dismal prognosis. FN-RMS shows cytogenetic abnormalities and frequently harbors RAS pathway mutations. Despite the multimodal heavy chemo and radiation therapeutic regimens, high risk metastatic/recurrent FN-RMS shows a 5-year survival less than 30% due to poor sensitivity to chemo-radiotherapy. Therefore, the identification of novel targets is needed. Polyamines (PAs) such as putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) are low-molecular-mass highly charged molecules whose intracellular levels are strictly modulated by specific enzymes. Among the latter, spermine oxidase (SMOX) regulates polyamine catabolism oxidizing SPM to SPD, which impacts cellular processes such as apoptosis and DNA damage response. Here we report that low SMOX levels are associated with a worse outcome in FN-RMS, but not in FP-RMS, patients. Consistently, SMOX expression is downregulated in FN-RMS cell lines as compared to normal myoblasts. Moreover, SMOX transcript levels are reduced FN-RMS cells differentiation, being indirectly downregulated by the muscle transcription factor MYOD. Noteworthy, forced expression of SMOX in two cell lines derived from high-risk FN-RMS: 1) reduces SPM and upregulates SPD levels; 2) induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis; 3) impairs anchorage-independent and tumor spheroids growth; 4) inhibits cell migration; 5) increases γH2AX levels and foci formation indicative of DNA damage. In addition, forced expression of SMOX and irradiation synergize at activating ATM and DNA-PKCs, and at inducing γH2AX expression and foci formation, which suggests an enhancement in DNA damage response. Irradiated SMOX-overexpressing FN-RMS cells also show significant decrease in both colony formation capacity and spheroids growth with respect to single approaches. Thus, our results unveil a role for SMOX as inhibitor of tumorigenicity of FN-RMS cells in vitro. In conclusion, our in vitro results suggest that SMOX induction could be a potential combinatorial approach to sensitize FN-RMS to ionizing radiation and deserve further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Perrone
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018-2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Pezzella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuliani
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018-2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Tecla Gasperi
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018-2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy,Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Porrazzo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Alisi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Pastore
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Libenzio Adrian Conti
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018-2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Rossella Rota, ; Manuela Cervelli,
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018-2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Rossella Rota, ; Manuela Cervelli,
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Rossi M, De Martino V, Di Giuseppe L, Battafarano G, Di Gregorio J, Terreri S, Marampon F, Minisola S, Del Fattore A. Anti-proliferative, pro-apototic and anti-migratory properties of HDAC inhibitor PXD-101 on osteosarcoma cell lines. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 734:109489. [PMID: 36526001 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma involve both surgical approach and chemotherapy, but the identification of new therapeutic targets is particularly necessary in patients with local chemo-resistance, recurrence and lung metastases. The role of epigenetic regulation in osteosarcoma is largely unknown. Thus, in this study we disclosed the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor drug PXD-101 on human osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines with different aggressiveness, including Saos-2, HOS and 143B cell lines. XTT assays revealed that treatment of Saos-2, HOS and 143B cells with PXD-101 decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that PXD-101 inhibited proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Wound healing assay indicated that PXD-101 inhibited migration of osteosarcoma cells. Real-Time RT-qPCR and protein analysis highlighted reduced expression of Runx2, Osterix and Mad2, probably due to Cyclin B1 inhibition by PXD-101 treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study that characterized the anti-tumoral effect of PXD-101 in OS cells, suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Viviana De Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, "Sapienza" University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Di Giuseppe
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, "Sapienza" University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Di Gregorio
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, "Sapienza" University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sara Terreri
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, "Sapienza" University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Vaccaro S, Rossetti A, Porrazzo A, Camero S, Cassandri M, Pomella S, Tomaciello M, Macioce G, Pedini F, Barillari G, Marchese C, Rota R, Cenci G, Tombolini M, Newman RA, Yang P, Codenotti S, Fanzani A, Megiorni F, Festuccia C, Minniti G, Gravina GL, Vulcano F, Milazzo L, Marampon F. The botanical drug PBI-05204, a supercritical CO2 extract of Nerium oleander, sensitizes alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1071176. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1071176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common a soft tissue sarcoma in childhood, provides intensive multimodal therapy, with radiotherapy (RT) playing a critical role for local tumor control. However, since RMS efficiently activates mechanisms of resistance to therapies, despite improvements, the prognosis remains still largely unsatisfactory, mainly in RMS expressing chimeric oncoproteins PAX3/PAX7-FOXO1, and fusion-positive (FP)-RMS. Cardiac glycosides (CGs), plant-derived steroid-like compounds with a selective inhibitory activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump (NKA), have shown antitumor and radio-sensitizing properties. Herein, the therapeutic properties of PBI-05204, an extract from Nerium oleander containing the CG oleandrin already studied in phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, were investigated, in vitro and in vivo, against FN- and FP-RMS cancer models. PBI-05204 induced growth arrest in a concentration dependent manner, with FP-RMS being more sensitive than FN-RMS, by differently regulating cell cycle regulators and commonly upregulating cell cycle inhibitors p21Waf1/Cip1 and p27Cip1/Kip1. Furthermore, PBI-05204 concomitantly induced cell death on both RMS types and senescence in FN-RMS. Notably, PBI-05204 counteracted in vitro migration and invasion abilities and suppressed the formation of spheroids enriched in CD133+ cancer stem cells (CSCs). PBI-05204 sensitized both cell types to RT by improving the ability of RT to induce G2 growth arrest and counteracting the RT-induced activation of both Non‐Homologous End‐Joining and homologous recombination DSBs repair pathways. Finally, the antitumor and radio-sensitizing proprieties of PBI-05204 were confirmed in vivo. Notably, both in vitro and in vivo evidence confirmed the higher sensitivity to PBI-05204 of FP-RMS. Thus, PBI-05204 represents a valid radio-sensitizing agent for the treatment of RMS, including the intrinsically radio-resistant FP-RMS.
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19
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Camero S, Cassandri M, Pomella S, Milazzo L, Vulcano F, Porrazzo A, Barillari G, Marchese C, Codenotti S, Tomaciello M, Rota R, Fanzani A, Megiorni F, Marampon F. Radioresistance in rhabdomyosarcomas: Much more than a question of dose. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016894. [PMID: 36248991 PMCID: PMC9559533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, frequently accounting the genitourinary tract is complex and requires a multimodal therapy. In particular, as a consequence of the advancement in dose conformity technology, radiation therapy (RT) has now become the standard therapeutic option for patients with RMS. In the clinical practice, dose and timing of RT are adjusted on the basis of patients' risk stratification to reduce late toxicity and side effects on normal tissues. However, despite the substantial improvement in cure rates, local failure and recurrence frequently occur. In this review, we summarize the general principles of the treatment of RMS, focusing on RT, and the main molecular pathways and specific proteins involved into radioresistance in RMS tumors. Specifically, we focused on DNA damage/repair, reactive oxygen species, cancer stem cells, and epigenetic modifications that have been reported in the context of RMS neoplasia in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The precise elucidation of the radioresistance-related molecular mechanisms is of pivotal importance to set up new more effective and tolerable combined therapeutic approaches that can radiosensitize cancer cells to finally ameliorate the overall survival of patients with RMS, especially for the most aggressive subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Milazzo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vulcano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Porrazzo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Units of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS), Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Miriam Tomaciello
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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20
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Codenotti S, Zizioli D, Mignani L, Rezzola S, Tabellini G, Parolini S, Giacomini A, Asperti M, Poli M, Mandracchia D, Vezzoli M, Bernardi S, Russo D, Mitola S, Monti E, Triggiani L, Tomasini D, Gastaldello S, Cassandri M, Rota R, Marampon F, Fanzani A. Hyperactive Akt1 Signaling Increases Tumor Progression and DNA Repair in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma RD Line and Confers Susceptibility to Glycolysis and Mevalonate Pathway Inhibitors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182859. [PMID: 36139434 PMCID: PMC9497225 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), elevated Akt signaling is associated with increased malignancy. Here, we report that expression of a constitutively active, myristoylated form of Akt1 (myrAkt1) in human RMS RD cells led to hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) pathway, resulting in the loss of both MyoD and myogenic capacity, and an increase of Ki67 expression due to high cell mitosis. MyrAkt1 signaling increased migratory and invasive cell traits, as detected by wound healing, zymography, and xenograft zebrafish assays, and promoted repair of DNA damage after radiotherapy and doxorubicin treatments, as revealed by nuclear detection of phosphorylated H2A histone family member X (γH2AX) through activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Treatment with synthetic inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt was sufficient to completely revert the aggressive cell phenotype, while the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin failed to block cell dissemination. Furthermore, we found that pronounced Akt1 signaling increased the susceptibility to cell apoptosis after treatments with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and lovastatin, enzymatic inhibitors of hexokinase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), especially in combination with radiotherapy and doxorubicin. In conclusion, these data suggest that restriction of glucose metabolism and the mevalonate pathway, in combination with standard therapy, may increase therapy success in RMS tumors characterized by a dysregulated Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Zizioli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Mignani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Tabellini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Parolini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Asperti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Delia Mandracchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marika Vezzoli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Bernardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Tomasini
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Precision Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-030-3717567
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21
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Colasanti T, Stefanantoni K, Fantini C, Corinaldesi C, Vasile M, Marampon F, Di Luigi L, Antinozzi C, Sgrò P, Lenzi A, Riccieri V, Crescioli C. The Prostacyclin Analogue Iloprost Modulates CXCL10 in Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710150. [PMID: 36077548 PMCID: PMC9456348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prostacyclin analogue iloprost is used to treat vascular alterations and digital ulcers, the early derangements manifesting in systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease leading to skin and organ fibrosis. Bioindicator(s) of SSc onset and progress are still lacking and the therapeutic approach remains a challenge. The T helper 1 (Th1) chemokine interferon (IFN)γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) associates with disease progression and worse prognosis. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts, under Th1-dominance, release CXCL10, further enhancing SSc’s detrimental status. We analyzed the effect of iloprost on CXCL10 in endothelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, and in the serum of SSc patients. Human endothelial cells and dermal fibroblasts activated with IFNγ/Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)α, with/without iloprost, were investigated for CXCL10 secretion/expression and for intracellular signaling cascade underlying chemokine release (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1, STAT1; Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, NF-kB; c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, JNK: Phosphatidyl-Inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B, AKT; Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2, ERK1/2). CXCL10 was quantified in sera from 25 patients taking iloprost, satisfying the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2013 classification criteria for SSc, and in sera from 20 SSc sex/age-matched subjects without therapy, previously collected. In human endothelial cells and fibroblasts, iloprost targeted CXCL10, almost preventing IFNγ/TNFα-dependent cascade activation in endothelial cells. In SSc subjects taking iloprost, serum CXCL10 was lower. These in vitro and in vivo data suggest a potential role of iloprost to limit CXCL10 at local vascular/dermal and systemic levels in SSc and warrant further translational research aimed to ameliorate SSc understanding/management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Colasanti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Stefanantoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Fantini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Clarissa Corinaldesi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Massimiliano Vasile
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgrò
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Riccieri
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-06-49974641 (V.R.); +39-06-36733395 (C.C.)
| | - Clara Crescioli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 006-00135 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-06-49974641 (V.R.); +39-06-36733395 (C.C.)
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22
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Di Rocco A, Camero S, Benedetti A, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Megiorni F, Marchese C, Stramucci L, Ciccarelli C, Bouché M, Bossi G, Marampon F, Zani BM. Anti‑oncogenic and pro‑myogenic action of the MKK6/p38/AKT axis induced by targeting MEK/ERK in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:151. [PMID: 35801577 PMCID: PMC9350981 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insights into the molecular and cellular biology of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), an aggressive paediatric tumour, are required in order to identify new targets for novel treatments that may benefit patients with this disease. The present study examined the functional effects of MKK3 and MKK6, two upstream kinases of p38, and found that the ectopic expression of MKK6 led to rapid p38 activation and the myogenic differentiation of ERMS cells, whereas MKK3 failed to induce differentiation, while maintaining the proliferation state. Myogenin and myosin heavy chain were induced in MKK6‑overexpressing ERMS cells and were inhibited by the p38 inhibitor, SB203580. The expression of Myc and ERK‑PO4 increased under the effect of SB203580, whereas it decreased in MKK6‑overexpressing cells. AKT activation was part of the myogenic program triggered by MKK6 overexpression alone. To the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrates, for the first time, that the endogenous MKK6 pathway may be recovered by MEK/ERK inhibition (U0126 and trametinib) and that it concomitantly induces the reversal of the oncogenic pattern and the induction of the myogenic differentiation of ERMS cell lines. The effects of MEK/ERK inhibitors markedly increase the potential clinical applications in ERMS, particularly on account of the MEK inhibitor‑induced early MKK6/p38 axis activation and of their anti‑oncogenic effects. The findings presented herein lend further support to the antitumour effects of MKK6; MKK6 may thus represent a novel target for advanced personalised treatments against ERMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Di Rocco
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Benedetti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics (AHFMO), Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics (AHFMO), Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stramucci
- Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCSS‑Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Ciccarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences (MESVA), University of L'Aquila, I‑67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marina Bouché
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics (AHFMO), Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCSS‑Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Zani
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics (AHFMO), Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, I‑00161 Rome, Italy
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23
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Colapietro A, Yang P, Rosetti A, Mancini A, Vital F, Martellucci S, Marampon F, Mattei V, Gravina GL, Newman R, Festuccia C. Abstract 6307: The botanical drug PBI-05204, a supercritical CO₂ extract of Nerium oleander, augments the antitumor efficacy of radiotherapy in treatment of human glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common as well as one of the most malignant types of brain cancer. Despite progress in development of novel therapies for the treatment of GBM, it remains largely incurable with a poor prognosis and a very low life expectancy. Recent studies have shown that oleandrin, a unique cardiac glycoside from Nerium oleander, as well as defined extract (PBI-05204) that contains this molecule, inhibit growth of human glioblastoma, and modulate glioblastoma patient-derived stem cell-renewal properties. The present study aimed to investigate the radiosensitization of PBI-05204 in glioblastoma using both in vitro and in vivo cancer models as well as to explore the potential mechanism of actions in GBM. The radiosensitizing effect of PBI-05204 was assessed against human GBM U87MG, U251, T98G and A172 cell lines as well as their relevant xenograft and orthotopic models. The induction of apoptosis, DNA damage and repair of DNA double strand breaks were assessed with determination of caspase 3 and 9 protein expression, DNA laddering, protein expression of rH2AX, Ku70, DNA-PKcs, and RAD51 as well as a Comet Assay. PBI-05204 treatment leads to an increased in vitro sensitivity of GBM cells, including U87MG, U251, T98G and A172 cells, to radiotherapy (RT) in which the main mechanisms are the transition from autophagy to apoptosis and enhanced DNA damage evidenced by increased expression of γH2AX. Additionally, relative increased expression of Ku70, DNA-PKcs and RAD51 due to RT were reduced by PBI-05204 in U87MG and U251 cells, suggesting PBI-05204 lessened RT mediated DNA repair. PBI-05204 significantly enhanced the RT mediated inhibition of tumor growth by 4.7-, 2.1- and 2.2-fold in U87MG, U251 and T98G xenograft models, respectively. The combination of RT and PBI-05204 showed a significantly enhancement of disease-free survival to 103.0 ± 63.2 days compared to the control group (p < 0.001) which was 3-fold longer than that of RT only group. Collectively, these results reveal that PBI-05204 enhances antitumor activity of RT in preclinical/murine models of human GBM. Given the fact that PBI-05204 has already been examined in Phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, its efficacy when combined with standard-of-care radiotherapy regimens in GBM should be explored in future clinical trials of this difficult to treat brain cancer.
Citation Format: Alessandro Colapietro, Peiying Yang, Alessandra Rosetti, Andrea Mancini, Flora Vital, Stefano Martellucci, Francesco Marampon, Vincenzo Mattei, Giovanni Luca Gravina, Robert Newman, Claudio Festuccia. The botanical drug PBI-05204, a supercritical CO₂ extract of Nerium oleander, augments the antitumor efficacy of radiotherapy in treatment of human glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6307.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peiying Yang
- 2The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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24
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Marampon F, Gelibter AJ, Cicco PR, Parisi M, Serpone M, De Felice F, Bulzonetti N, Musio D, Cortesi E, Tombolini V. Safety and efficacy of combining afatinib and whole-brain radiation therapy in treating brain metastases from EGFR-mutated NSCLC: a case report and literature review. BJR Case Rep 2022; 8:20200134. [PMID: 36211614 PMCID: PMC9518736 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) has been shown to be more effective than EGFR-TKIs or WBRT alone in treating brain metastases (BMs) from EGFR-mutated Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). However, despite the combination results well tolerated, EGFR-TKIs are often discontinued before WBRT, to reduce the risk of possible side effects, potentially resulting in reduced treatment efficacy and possible progression of intra- and extra-cranial disease. Afatinib, an irreversible inhibitor of EGFR-TK, has been shown to radiosensitize NSCLC in pre-clinical models and, compared to the other EGFR-TKIs, more efficiently penetrates the blood-brain barrier. However, nowadays, only two case reports describe the therapeutic efficiency and safety of combining afatinib with WBRT. Herein, we report on a 58-year-old woman patient with symptomatic BMs from NSLCL, treated with afatinib and concomitant WBRT, 30 Gy in 10 fractions. Treatment induced a remarkable and persistent radiological regression of BMs and the disappearance of neurological symptoms. However, the patient experienced severe skin toxicity of G3, corresponding to the irradiation area. Toxicity was successfully treated pharmacologically, and the patient did not experience any BMs-related symptoms for the next 10 months. She died of COVID-19-related respiratory failure. The association of afatinib with WBRT appears to be a successful strategy in the control of BMs from EGFR-mutated NSCLC. However, it should be considered that the combination could be responsible for serious dermatological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alain J Gelibter
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Rodolfo Cicco
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Parisi
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Serpone
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Bulzonetti
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Cortesi
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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25
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Perrone C, Pomella S, Cassandri M, Pezzella M, Milano GM, Colletti M, Cossetti C, Pericoli G, Di Giannatale A, de Billy E, Vinci M, Petrini S, Marampon F, Quintarelli C, Taulli R, Roma J, Gallego S, Camero S, Mariottini P, Cervelli M, Maestro R, Miele L, De Angelis B, Locatelli F, Rota R. MET Inhibition Sensitizes Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells to NOTCH Signaling Suppression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:835642. [PMID: 35574376 PMCID: PMC9092259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.835642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric myogenic soft tissue sarcoma. The Fusion-Positive (FP) subtype expresses the chimeric protein PAX3-FOXO1 (P3F) while the Fusion-Negative (FN) is devoid of any gene translocation. FP-RMS and metastatic FN-RMS are often unresponsive to conventional therapy. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to halt tumor progression. NOTCH signaling has oncogenic functions in RMS and its pharmacologic inhibition through γ-secretase inhibitors blocks tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that NOTCH signaling blockade resulted in the up-regulation and phosphorylation of the MET oncogene in both RH30 (FP-RMS) and RD (FN-RMS) cell lines. Pharmacologic inhibition of either NOTCH or MET signaling slowed proliferation and restrained cell survival compared to control cells partly by increasing Annexin V and CASP3/7 activation. Co-treatment with NOTCH and MET inhibitors significantly amplified these effects and enhanced PARP1 cleavage in both cell lines. Moreover, it severely hampered cell migration, colony formation, and anchorage-independent growth compared to single-agent treatments in both cell lines and significantly prevented the growth of FN-RMS cells grown as spheroids. Collectively, our results unveil the overexpression of the MET oncogene by NOTCH signaling targeting in RMS cells and show that MET pathway blockade sensitizes them to NOTCH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Perrone
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Pezzella
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cossetti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pericoli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuel de Billy
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Josep Roma
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Research Insti-tute-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Research Insti-tute-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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26
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De Martino V, Battarano G, Marampon F, Del Fattore A, Minisola S, Rossi M. Evaluation of the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor PXD-101 on osteosarcoma cell lines. Bone Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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27
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Borghesi S, Aristei C, Marampon F. Doses, fractionations, constraints for stereotactic radiotherapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2022; 27:10-14. [PMID: 35402033 PMCID: PMC8989440 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2021.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes how to select the most appropriate stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT ) dose and fractionation scheme according to lesion size and site, organs at risk (OARs) proximity and the biological effective dose. In single-dose SRT, 15-34 Gy are generally used while in fractionated SRT 30 and 75 Gy in 2-5 fractions are administered. The ICRU Report No. 91, which is specifically dedicated to SRT treatments, provided indications for dose prescription (with its definition and essential steps), dose delivery and optimal coverage which was defined as the best planning target volume coverage that can be obtained in the irradiated district. Calculation algorithms and OAR s dose constraints are provided as well as treatment planning system characteristics, suggested beam energy and multileaf collimator leaf size. Finally, parameters for irradiation geometry and plan quality are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Borghesi
- Radiation Oncology Unit of Arezzo-Valdarno, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, Italy
| | - Cynthia Aristei
- Radiation Oncology Section, University of Perugia and Perugia General Hospital, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
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28
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Colapietro A, Yang P, Rossetti A, Mancini A, Vitale F, Chakraborty S, Martellucci S, Marampon F, Mattei V, Gravina GL, Iorio R, Newman RA, Festuccia C. The Botanical Drug PBI-05204, a Supercritical CO2 Extract of Nerium Oleander, Is Synergistic With Radiotherapy in Models of Human Glioblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852941. [PMID: 35401175 PMCID: PMC8984197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common as well as one of the most malignant types of brain cancer. Despite progress in development of novel therapies for the treatment of GBM, it remains largely incurable with a poor prognosis and a very low life expectancy. Recent studies have shown that oleandrin, a unique cardiac glycoside from Nerium oleander, as well as a defined extract (PBI-05204) that contains this molecule, inhibit growth of human glioblastoma, and modulate glioblastoma patient-derived stem cell-renewal properties. Here we demonstrate that PBI-05204 treatment leads to an increase in vitro in the sensitivity of GBM cells to radiation in which the main mechanisms are the transition from autophagy to apoptosis, enhanced DNA damage and reduced DNA repair after radiotherapy (RT) administration. The combination of PBI-05204 with RT was associated with reduced tumor progression evidenced by both subcutaneous as well as orthotopic implanted GBM tumors. Collectively, these results reveal that PBI-05204 enhances antitumor activity of RT in preclinical/murine models of human GBM. Given the fact that PBI-05204 has already been examined in Phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, its efficacy when combined with standard-of-care radiotherapy regimens in GBM should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colapietro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Flora Vitale
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, Rieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, University Hub “Sabina Universitas”, Rieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, Rieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Iorio
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Robert A. Newman
- Phoenix Biotechnology, Inc., San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Robert A. Newman, ; Claudio Festuccia,
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Robert A. Newman, ; Claudio Festuccia,
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29
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Pomella S, Cassandri M, Braghini MR, Marampon F, Alisi A, Rota R. New Insights on the Nuclear Functions and Targeting of FAK in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041998. [PMID: 35216114 PMCID: PMC8874710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase over-expressed and activated in both adult and pediatric cancers, where it plays important roles in the regulation of pathogenesis and progression of the malignant phenotype. FAK exerts its functions in cancer by two different ways: a kinase activity in the cytoplasm, mainly dependent on the integrin signaling, and a scaffolding activity into the nucleus by networking with different gene expression regulators. For this reason, FAK has to be considered a target with high therapeutic values. Indeed, evidence suggests that FAK targeting could be effective, either alone or in combination, with other already available treatments. Here, we propose an overview of the novel insights about FAK’s structure and nuclear functions, with a special focus on the recent findings concerning the roles of this protein in cancer. Additionally, we provide a recent update on FAK inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials for patients with cancer, and discuss the challenge and future directions of drug-based anti-FAK targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pomella
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Rita Braghini
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Alisi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (R.R.); Tel.: +39-06-68592186 (A.A.); +39-06-68592648 (R.R.)
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (R.R.); Tel.: +39-06-68592186 (A.A.); +39-06-68592648 (R.R.)
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30
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Sarti A, De Maria P, Battistoni G, De Simoni M, Di Felice C, Dong Y, Fischetti M, Franciosini G, Marafini M, Marampon F, Mattei I, Mirabelli R, Muraro S, Pacilio M, Palumbo L, Rocca L, Rubeca D, Schiavi A, Sciubba A, Tombolini V, Toppi M, Traini G, Trigilio A, Patera V. Deep Seated Tumour Treatments With Electrons of High Energy Delivered at FLASH Rates: The Example of Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:777852. [PMID: 35024354 PMCID: PMC8744000 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different therapies are adopted for the treatment of deep seated tumours in combination or as an alternative to surgical removal or chemotherapy: radiotherapy with photons (RT), particle therapy (PT) with protons or even heavier ions like 12C, are now available in clinical centres. In addition to these irradiation modalities, the use of Very High Energy Electron (VHEE) beams (100–200 MeV) has been suggested in the past, but the diffusion of that technique was delayed due to the needed space and budget, with respect to standard photon devices. These disadvantages were not paired by an increased therapeutic efficacy, at least when comparing to proton or carbon ion beams. In this contribution we investigate how recent developments in electron beam therapy could reshape the treatments of deep seated tumours. In this respect we carefully explored the application of VHEE beams to the prostate cancer, a well-known and studied example of deep seated tumour currently treated with high efficacy both using RT and PT. The VHEE Treatment Planning System was obtained by means of an accurate Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of the electrons interactions with the patient body. A simple model of the FLASH effect (healthy tissues sparing at ultra-high dose rates), has been introduced and the results have been compared with conventional RT. The study demonstrates that VHEE beams, even in absence of a significant FLASH effect and with a reduced energy range (70–130 MeV) with respect to implementations already explored in literature, could be a good alternative to standard RT, even in the framework of technological developments that are nowadays affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Sarti
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
| | - Patrizia De Maria
- Scuola post-laurea in Fisica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Biotecnologie medico-chirurgiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battistoni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Micol De Simoni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Felice
- Unità di Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy
| | - Yunsheng Dong
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Fischetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
| | - Gaia Franciosini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Marafini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy.,Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "E. Fermi", Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mattei
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mirabelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Muraro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pacilio
- Unità di Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
| | - Loredana Rocca
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Damiana Rubeca
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Angelo Schiavi
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
| | - Adalberto Sciubba
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione dei Laboratori di Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Toppi
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione dei Laboratori di Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Traini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Trigilio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patera
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma I, Roma, Italy
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Gravina GL, Colapietro A, Mancini A, Rossetti A, Martellucci S, Ventura L, Di Franco M, Marampon F, Mattei V, Biordi LA, Otterlei M, Festuccia C. ATX-101, a Peptide Targeting PCNA, Has Antitumor Efficacy Alone or in Combination with Radiotherapy in Murine Models of Human Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020289. [PMID: 35053455 PMCID: PMC8773508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation requires the orchestrated actions of a myriad of proteins regulating DNA replication, DNA repair and damage tolerance, and cell cycle. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a master regulator which interacts with multiple proteins functioning in these processes, and this makes PCNA an attractive target in anticancer therapies. Here, we show that a cell-penetrating peptide containing the AlkB homolog 2 PCNA-interacting motif (APIM), ATX-101, has antitumor activity in a panel of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and patient-derived glioma-initiating cells (GICs). Their sensitivity to ATX-101 was not related to cellular levels of PCNA, or p53, PTEN, or MGMT status. However, ATX-101 reduced Akt/mTOR and DNA-PKcs signaling, and a correlation between high Akt activation and sensitivity for ATX-101 was found. ATX-101 increased the levels of γH2AX, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis when combined with radiotherapy (RT). In line with the in vitro results, ATX-101 strongly reduced tumor growth in two subcutaneous xenografts and two orthotopic GBM models, both as a single agent and in combination with RT. The ability of ATX-101 to sensitize cells to RT is promising for further development of this compound for use in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Colapietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy;
| | - Luca Ventura
- Division of Pathology, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.V.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Martina Di Franco
- Division of Pathology, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.V.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy;
| | - Leda Assunta Biordi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Medical Oncology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Marit Otterlei
- APIM Therapeutics A/S, N-7100 Rissa, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7006 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (C.F.); Tel.: +47-92889422 (M.O.); +39-0862433585 (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (C.F.); Tel.: +47-92889422 (M.O.); +39-0862433585 (C.F.)
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32
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Camero S, Vitali G, Pontecorvi P, Ceccarelli S, Anastasiadou E, Cicchetti F, Flex E, Pomella S, Cassandri M, Rota R, Marampon F, Marchese C, Schiavetti A, Megiorni F. DNMT3A and DNMT3B Targeting as an Effective Radiosensitizing Strategy in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cells 2021; 10:2956. [PMID: 34831178 PMCID: PMC8616246 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood. Recently, we demonstrated the overexpression of both DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and 3B (DNMT3B) in RMS tumour biopsies and cell lines compared to normal skeletal muscle. Radiotherapy may often fail due to the abnormal expression of some molecules able to drive resistance mechanisms. The aim of this study was to analyse the involvement of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in radioresistance in RMS. RNA interference experiments against DNMT3A/3B were performed in embryonal RMS cells, upon ionizing radiation (IR) exposure and the effects of the combined treatment on RMS cells were analysed. DNMT3A and DNMT3B knocking down increased the sensitivity of RMS cells to IR, as indicated by the drastic decrease of colony formation ability. Interestingly, DNMT3A/3B act in two different ways: DNMT3A silencing triggers the cellular senescence program by up-regulating p16 and p21, whilst DNMT3B depletion induces significant DNA damage and impairs the DNA repair machinery (ATM, DNA-PKcs and Rad51 reduction). Our findings demonstrate for the first time that DNMT3A and DNMT3B overexpression may contribute to radiotherapy failure, and their inhibition might be a promising radiosensitizing strategy, mainly in the treatment of patients with metastatic or recurrent RMS tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulia Vitali
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Cicchetti
- Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Flex
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Via San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Via San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Rossella Rota
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Via San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Amalia Schiavetti
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.V.); (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (C.M.)
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Colapietro A, Rossetti A, Mancini A, Martellucci S, Ocone G, Pulcini F, Biordi L, Cristiano L, Mattei V, Delle Monache S, Marampon F, Gravina GL, Festuccia C. Multiple Antitumor Molecular Mechanisms Are Activated by a Fully Synthetic and Stabilized Pharmaceutical Product Delivering the Active Compound Sulforaphane (SFX-01) in Preclinical Model of Human Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1082. [PMID: 34832864 PMCID: PMC8626029 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent relapses and therapeutic resistance make the management of glioblastoma (GBM, grade IV glioma), extremely difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new pharmacological compounds to be used as a single treatment or in combination with current therapies in order to improve their effectiveness and reduce cytotoxicity for non-tumor cells. SFX-01 is a fully synthetic and stabilized pharmaceutical product containing the α-cyclodextrin that delivers the active compound 1-isothiocyanato-4-methyl-sulfinylbutane (SFN) and maintains biological activities of SFN. In this study, we verified whether SFX-01 was active in GBM preclinical models. Our data demonstrate that SFX-01 reduced cell proliferation and increased cell death in GBM cell lines and patient-derived glioma initiating cells (GICs) with a stem cell phenotype. The antiproliferative effects of SFX-01 were associated with a reduction in the stemness of GICs and reversion of neural-to-mesenchymal trans-differentiation (PMT) closely related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal trans-differentiation (EMT) of epithelial tumors. Commonly, PMT reversion decreases the invasive capacity of tumor cells and increases the sensitivity to pharmacological and instrumental therapies. SFX-01 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, through both mitochondrion-mediated intrinsic and death-receptor-associated extrinsic pathways. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through mediating the reduction in the activity of essential molecular pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK, and STAT-3. SFX-01 also reduced the in vivo tumor growth of subcutaneous xenografts and increased the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), when tested in orthotopic intracranial GBM models. These effects were associated with reduced expression of HIF1α which, in turn, down-regulates neo-angiogenesis. So, SFX-01 may have potent anti-glioma effects, regulating important aspects of the biology of this neoplasia, such as hypoxia, stemness, and EMT reversion, which are commonly activated in this neoplasia and are responsible for therapeutic resistance and glioma recurrence. SFX-01 deserves to be considered as an emerging anticancer agent for the treatment of GBM. The possible radio- and chemo sensitization potential of SFX-01 should also be evaluated in further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colapietro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy; (S.M.); (V.M.)
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Stem Cells, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Ocone
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
| | - Fanny Pulcini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Stem Cells, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Leda Biordi
- Laboratory of Medical Oncology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Division of Human Anatomy, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy; (S.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Stem Cells, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.); (A.M.); (G.O.); (G.L.G.)
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De Felice F, Crocetti D, Petrucciani N, Belgioia L, Sapienza P, Bulzonetti N, Marampon F, Musio D, Tombolini V. Treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer: a machine learning bibliometric analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2021; 14:17562848211042170. [PMID: 34671421 PMCID: PMC8521411 DOI: 10.1177/17562848211042170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A bibliometric analysis was performed using a machine learning bibliometric methodology in order to evaluate the research trends in locally advanced rectal cancer treatment between 2000 and 2020. Information regarding publication outputs, countries, institutions, journals, keywords, funding, and citation counts was retrieved from Scopus database. During the search process, a total of 2370 publications were identified. The vast majority of papers originated from the United States of America, reflecting also its research drive in the collaboration network. Neoadjuvant treatment was the topic most studied in the highly cited studies. New keywords, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, circulating tumor DNA, and genetic heterogeneity, appeared in the last 2 years. The quantity of publications on locally advanced rectal cancer treatment since 2000 showed an evolving research field. The 'new' keywords explain where research is presently heading.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Crocetti
- Department of Surgery ‘Pietro Valdoni’, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Niccolò Petrucciani
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, St. Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Belgioia
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sapienza
- Department of Surgery ‘Pietro Valdoni’, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Bulzonetti
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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35
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Rossetti A, Petragnano F, Milazzo L, Vulcano F, Macioce G, Codenotti S, Cassandri M, Pomella S, Cicchetti F, Fasciani I, Antinozzi C, Di Luigi L, Festuccia C, De Felice F, Vergine M, Fanzani A, Rota R, Maggio R, Polimeni A, Tombolini V, Gravina GL, Marampon F. Romidepsin (FK228) fails in counteracting the transformed phenotype of rhabdomyosarcoma cells but efficiently radiosensitizes, in vitro and in vivo, the alveolar phenotype subtype. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:943-957. [PMID: 33979259 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1928786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Herein we describe the in vitro and in vivo activity of FK228 (Romidepsin), an inhibitor of class I HDACs, in counteracting and radiosensitizing embryonal (ERMS, fusion-negative) and alveolar (ARMS, fusion-positive) rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). METHODS RH30 (ARMS, fusion-positive) and RD (ERMS, fusion-negative) cell lines and human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (HMSC) were used. Flow cytometry analysis, RT-qPCR, western blotting and enzymatic assays were performed. Irradiation was delivered by using an x-6 MV photon linear accelerator. FK228 (1.2 mg/kg) in vivo activity, combined or not with radiation therapy (2 Gy), was assessed in murine xenografts. RESULTS Compared to HMSC, RMS expressed low levels of class I HDACs. In vitro, FK228, as single agents, reversibly downregulated class I HDACs expression and activity and induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and a concomitant growth arrest associated with PARP-1-mediated transient non-apoptotic cell death. Surviving cells upregulated the expression of cyclin A, B, D1, p27, Myc and activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling, known to be differently involved in cancer chemoresistance. Interestingly, while no radiosensitizing effects were detected, in vitro or in vivo, on RD cells, FK228 markedly radiosensitized RH30 cells by impairing antioxidant and DSBs repair pathways in vitro. Further, FK228 when combined with RT in vivo significantly reduced tumor mass in mouse RH30 xenografts. CONCLUSION FK228 did not show antitumor activity as a single agent whilst its combination with RT resulted in radiosensitization of fusion-positive RMS cells, thus representing a possible strategy for the treatment of the most aggressive RMS subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Rossetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luisa Milazzo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vulcano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Macioce
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Codenotti
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassandri
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Vergine
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Group of Epigenetics of Pediatric Sarcomas, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Antinozzi C, Sgrò P, Marampon F, Caporossi D, Del Galdo F, Dimauro I, Di Luigi L. Sildenafil Counteracts the In Vitro Activation of CXCL-9, CXCL-10 and CXCL-11/CXCR3 Axis Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species in Scleroderma Fibroblasts. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:491. [PMID: 34073032 PMCID: PMC8229934 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis, and an altered redox homeostasis might be responsible for abnormal inflammatory status, fibrosis and tissue damage extension. In this study, we explored the effect of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil in modulating the activation of the CXCL-9, -10, -11/CXCR3 axis, which is fundamental in the perpetuation of inflammation in different autoimmune diseases, in the cell culture of SSc human dermal fibroblasts exposed to a pro-oxidant environment. We observed that sildenafil significantly reduced gene expression and release of CXCL-9, -10 and -11, inhibited the CXCR3 action and suppressed the activation of STAT1-, JNK- and p38MAPK pathways. This in vitro study on dermal fibroblasts supports clinical studies to consider the efficacy of sildenafil in preventing tissue damage and fibrosis in SSc by targeting central biomarkers of disease progression, vascular injuries and fibrosis and reducing the pro-inflammatory activation induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (P.S.); (F.M.); (L.D.L.)
| | - Paolo Sgrò
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (P.S.); (F.M.); (L.D.L.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (P.S.); (F.M.); (L.D.L.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Unit of Biology and Genetic, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (I.D.)
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Institue of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine and Diseases and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Ivan Dimauro
- Unit of Biology and Genetic, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (I.D.)
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (P.S.); (F.M.); (L.D.L.)
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Megiorni F, Camero S, Pontecorvi P, Camicia L, Marampon F, Ceccarelli S, Anastasiadou E, Bernabò N, Perniola G, Pizzuti A, Benedetti Panici P, Tombolini V, Marchese C. OTX015 Epi-Drug Exerts Antitumor Effects in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Blocking GNL3-Mediated Radioresistance Mechanisms: Cellular, Molecular and Computational Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071519. [PMID: 33806232 PMCID: PMC8059141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The outcome for women diagnosed with ovarian cancer (OC), the most aggressive gynecological tumor worldwide, remains very poor. Encouraging therapeutic impact of epigenetic drugs has been suggested in a wide range of human solid tumors, including OC. The present study assessed the in vitro cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of OTX015, a pan Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif inhibitor, in human OC cells, both as single treatment and in combination with radiotherapy. Cellular, molecular and computational network analyses indicated the centrality of GNL3 downregulation in mediating the OTX015-related antitumor efficacy that blocks disease progression/maintenance and radioresistance acquisition. Our preclinical results confirm that targeted and combinatorial treatments represent effective anticancer strategies to be translated in the clinical research for improving OC patient care. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most aggressive gynecological tumor worldwide and, notwithstanding the increment in conventional treatments, many resistance mechanisms arise, this leading to cure failure and patient death. So, the use of novel adjuvant drugs able to counteract these pathways is urgently needed to improve patient overall survival. A growing interest is focused on epigenetic drugs for cancer therapy, such as Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif inhibitors (BETi). Here, we investigate the antitumor effects of OTX015, a novel BETi, as a single agent or in combination with ionizing radiation (IR) in OC cellular models. OTX015 treatment significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation by triggering cell cycle arrest and apoptosis that were linked to nucleolar stress and DNA damage. OTX015 impaired migration capacity and potentiated IR effects by reducing the expression of different drivers of cancer resistance mechanisms, including GNL3 gene, whose expression was found to be significantly higher in OC biopsies than in normal ovarian tissues. Gene specific knocking down and computational network analysis confirmed the centrality of GNL3 in OTX015-mediated OC antitumor effects. Altogether, our findings suggest OTX015 as an effective option to improve therapeutic strategies and overcome the development of resistant cancer cells in patients with OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4997-8272
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.); (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Lucrezia Camicia
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.); (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Perniola
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.); (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Antonio Pizzuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (L.C.); (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (A.P.); (C.M.)
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Corinaldesi C, Ross RL, Abignano G, Antinozzi C, Marampon F, di Luigi L, Buch MH, Riccieri V, Lenzi A, Crescioli C, Del Galdo F. Muscle Damage in Systemic Sclerosis and CXCL10: The Potential Therapeutic Role of PDE5 Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2894. [PMID: 33809279 PMCID: PMC8001273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle damage is a common clinical manifestation of systemic sclerosis (SSc). C-X-C chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is involved in myopathy and cardiomyopathy development and is associated with a more severe SSc prognosis. Interestingly, the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) sildenafil reduces CXCL10 sera levels of patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and in cardiomyocytes. Here, we analyzed the levels of CXCL10 in the sera of 116 SSc vs. 35 healthy subjects and explored differences in 17 SSc patients on stable treatment with sildenafil. CXCL10 sera levels were three-fold higher in SSc vs. healthy controls, independent of subset and antibody positivity. Sildenafil treatment was associated with lower CXCL10 sera levels. Serum CXCL10 strongly correlated with the clinical severity of muscle involvement and with creatine kinase (CK) serum concentration, suggesting a potential involvement in muscle damage in SSc. In vitro, sildenafil dose-dependently reduced CXCL10 release by activated myocytes and impaired cytokine-induced Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), Nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. This was also seen in cardiomyocytes. Sildenafil-induced CXCL10 inhibition at the systemic and human muscle cell level supports the hypothesis that PDE5i could be a potential therapeutic therapy to prevent and treat muscle damage in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Corinaldesi
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (C.C.); (R.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.H.B.)
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (L.d.L.)
| | - Rebecca L. Ross
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (C.C.); (R.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.H.B.)
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Giuseppina Abignano
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (C.C.); (R.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.H.B.)
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
- Rheumatology Institute of Lucania (IReL), Rheumatology Department of Lucania, San Carlo Hospital of Potenza and Madonna delle Grazie Hospital of Matera, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (L.d.L.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (L.d.L.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi di Luigi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (L.d.L.)
| | - Maya H. Buch
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (C.C.); (R.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.H.B.)
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Valeria Riccieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Clara Crescioli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (L.d.L.)
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (C.C.); (R.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.H.B.)
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
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Anastasiadou E, Messina E, Sanavia T, Mundo L, Farinella F, Lazzi S, Megiorni F, Ceccarelli S, Pontecorvi P, Marampon F, Di Gioia CRT, Perniola G, Panici PB, Leoncini L, Trivedi P, Lenzi A, Marchese C. MiR-200c-3p Contrasts PD-L1 Induction by Combinatorial Therapies and Slows Proliferation of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer through Downregulation of β-Catenin and c-Myc. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030519. [PMID: 33804458 PMCID: PMC7998372 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional/targeted chemotherapies and ionizing radiation (IR) are being used both as monotherapies and in combination for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Several studies show that these therapies might favor oncogenic signaling and impede anti-tumor responses. MiR-200c is considered a master regulator of EOC-related oncogenes. In this study, we sought to investigate if chemotherapy and IR could influence the expression of miR-200c-3p and its target genes, like the immune checkpoint PD-L1 and other oncogenes in a cohort of EOC patients’ biopsies. Indeed, PD-L1 expression was induced, while miR-200c-3p was significantly reduced in these biopsies post-therapy. The effect of miR-200c-3p target genes was assessed in miR-200c transfected SKOV3 cells untreated and treated with olaparib and IR alone. Under all experimental conditions, miR-200c-3p concomitantly reduced PD-L1, c-Myc and β-catenin expression and sensitized ovarian cancer cells to olaparib and irradiation. In silico analyses further confirmed the anti-correlation between miR-200c-3p with c-Myc and β-catenin in 46 OC cell lines and showed that a higher miR-200c-3p expression associates with a less tumorigenic microenvironment. These findings provide new insights into how miR-200c-3p could be used to hold in check the adverse effects of conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiation therapy, and offer a novel therapeutic strategy for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Tiziana Sanavia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Lucia Mundo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Federica Farinella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Stefano Lazzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Giorgia Perniola
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetric Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetric Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (P.B.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (F.F.); (F.M.); (S.C.); (P.P.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
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Codenotti S, Marampon F, Triggiani L, Bonù ML, Magrini SM, Ceccaroli P, Guescini M, Gastaldello S, Tombolini V, Poliani PL, Asperti M, Poli M, Monti E, Fanzani A. Caveolin-1 promotes radioresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma through increased oxidative stress protection and DNA repair. Cancer Lett 2021; 505:1-12. [PMID: 33610729 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate whether Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a membrane scaffolding protein widely implicated in cancer, may play a role in radiation response in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a pediatric soft tissue tumor. For this purpose, we employed human RD cells in which Cav-1 expression was stably increased via gene transfection. After radiation treatment, we observed that Cav-1 limited cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and enhanced resistance to cell senescence and apoptosis via reduction of p21Cip1/Waf1, p16INK4a and Caspase-3 cleavage. After radiotherapy, Cav-1-mediated cell radioresistance was characterized by low accumulation of H2AX foci, as confirmed by Comet assay, marked neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced DNA repair via activation of ATM, Ku70/80 complex and DNA-PK. We found that Cav-1-overexpressing RD cells, already under basal conditions, had higher glutathione (GSH) content and greater catalase expression, which conferred protection against acute treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, pre-treatment of Cav-1-overexpressing cells with PP2 or LY294002 compounds restored the sensitivity to radiation treatment, indicating a role for Src-kinases and Akt pathways in Cav-1-mediated radioresistance. These findings were confirmed using radioresistant RD and RH30 lines generated by hypofractionated radiotherapy protocol, which showed marked increase of Cav-1, catalase and Akt, and sensitivity to PP2 and LY294002 treatment. In conclusion, these data suggest that concerted activity of Cav-1 and catalase, in cooperation with activation of Src-kinase and Akt pathways, may represent a network of vital mechanisms that allow irradiated RMS cells to evade cell death induced by oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Lorenzo Bonù
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Maria Magrini
- Radiation Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Ceccaroli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Precision Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003 China
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Asperti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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41
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Battafarano G, Rossi M, De Martino V, Marampon F, Borro L, Secinaro A, Del Fattore A. Strategies for Bone Regeneration: From Graft to Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031128. [PMID: 33498786 PMCID: PMC7865467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a regenerative organ characterized by self-renewal ability. Indeed, it is a very dynamic tissue subjected to continuous remodeling in order to preserve its structure and function. However, in clinical practice, impaired bone healing can be observed in patients and medical intervention is needed to regenerate the tissue via the use of natural bone grafts or synthetic bone grafts. The main elements required for tissue engineering include cells, growth factors and a scaffold material to support them. Three different materials (metals, ceramics, and polymers) can be used to create a scaffold suitable for bone regeneration. Several cell types have been investigated in combination with biomaterials. In this review, we describe the options available for bone regeneration, focusing on tissue engineering strategies based on the use of different biomaterials combined with cells and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Michela Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Viviana De Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luca Borro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-066-859-3740
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42
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Bimonte VM, Marampon F, Antonioni A, Fittipaldi S, Ferretti E, Pestell RG, Curreli M, Lenzi A, Vitale G, Brunetti A, Migliaccio S, Aversa A. Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibitor Tadalafil Modulates Steroid Hormones Signaling in a Prostate Cancer Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020754. [PMID: 33451122 PMCID: PMC7828628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in normal prostate homeostasis and in prostate cancer (PCa) development, while the role of aromatase (Cyp19a1) is still unclear. We evaluated the effects of a treatment with Tadalafil (TAD) on both these proteins. Methods: Androgen-sensitive human PCa cell line (LnCAP) was incubated with/without TAD (10−6 M) and bicalutamide (BCT) (10−4 M) to evaluate a potential modulation on cell proliferation, protein and mRNA expression of Cyp19a, AR and estrogen receptor-β (ERβ), respectively. Results: TAD increased early AR nuclear translocation (p < 0.05, after 15 min of exposure), and increased AR transcriptional activity (p < 0.05) and protein expression (p < 0.05) after 24 h. Moreover, after 24 h this treatment upregulated Cyp19a1 and ERβ mRNA (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005 respectively) and led to an increase in protein expression of both after 48 h (p < 0.05). Interestingly, TAD counteracted Cyp19a1 stimulation induced by BCT (p < 0.05) but did not alter the effect induced by BCT on the AR protein expression. Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that TAD can significantly modulate AR expression and activity, Cyp19a1 and ERβ expression in PCa cells, suggesting a specific effect of these proteins. In addition, TAD potentiates the antiproliferative activity of BCT, opening a new clinical scenario in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana M. Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, “Foro Italico” University, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.M.B.); (S.M.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.); (A.L.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ambra Antonioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Simona Fittipaldi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, “Tor Vergata” University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA 19111, USA;
| | - Mariaignazia Curreli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, “Foro Italico” University, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.M.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Fasciani I, Petragnano F, Aloisi G, Marampon F, Carli M, Scarselli M, Maggio R, Rossi M. Allosteric Modulators of G Protein-Coupled Dopamine and Serotonin Receptors: A New Class of Atypical Antipsychotics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110388. [PMID: 33202534 PMCID: PMC7696972 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia was first described by Emil Krapelin in the 19th century as one of the major mental illnesses causing disability worldwide. Since the introduction of chlorpromazine in 1952, strategies aimed at modifying the activity of dopamine receptors have played a major role for the treatment of schizophrenia. The introduction of atypical antipsychotics with clozapine broadened the range of potential targets for the treatment of this psychiatric disease, as they also modify the activity of the serotoninergic receptors. Interestingly, all marketed drugs for schizophrenia bind to the orthosteric binding pocket of the receptor as competitive antagonists or partial agonists. In recent years, a strong effort to develop allosteric modulators as potential therapeutic agents for schizophrenia was made, mainly for the several advantages in their use. In particular, the allosteric binding sites are topographically distinct from the orthosteric pockets, and thus drugs targeting these sites have a higher degree of receptor subunit specificity. Moreover, “pure” allosteric modulators maintain the temporal and spatial fidelity of native orthosteric ligand. Furthermore, allosteric modulators have a “ceiling effect”, and their modulatory effect is saturated above certain concentrations. In this review, we summarize the progresses made in the identification of allosteric drugs for dopamine and serotonin receptors, which could lead to a new generation of atypical antipsychotics with a better profile, especially in terms of reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (F.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (F.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Gabriella Aloisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (F.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (F.P.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Rossi
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
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Mele L, Del Vecchio V, Marampon F, Regad T, Wagner S, Mosca L, Bimonte S, Giudice A, Liccardo D, Prisco C, Schwerdtfeger M, La Noce M, Tirino V, Caraglia M, Papaccio G, Desiderio V, Barbieri A. β 2-AR blockade potentiates MEK1/2 inhibitor effect on HNSCC by regulating the Nrf2-mediated defense mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:850. [PMID: 33051434 PMCID: PMC7555890 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), involved in the development of many cancers, among which HNSCC. In this contest, β2-AR signaling interacts with different pathways, such as PI3K and MAPK, commonly activated by TK receptors. For this reason, TK blockade is one of the most adopted therapeutic strategies in HNSCC patients. In our study we investigated the effects of the β2-AR blocking in HNSCC cell lines, using the selective inhibitor ICI118,551 (ICI), in combination with the MAPK inhibitor U0126. We found that ICI leads to the blocking of p38 and NF-kB oncogenic pathways, strongly affecting also the ERK and PI3K pathways. Cotreatment with U0126 displays a synergic effect on cell viability and pathway alteration. Interestingly, we found that the β2-AR blockade affects Nrf2-Keap1 stability and its nuclear translocation leading to a drastic ROS increase and oxidative stress. Our results are confirmed by a TCGA dataset analysis, showing that NFE2L2 gene is commonly overexpressed in HNSC, and correlated with a lower survival rate. In our system, the PI3K pathway inhibition culminated in the blocking of pro-survival autophagy, a mechanism normally adopted by cancer cells to became less responsive to the therapies. The mTOR expression, commonly upregulated in HNSC, was reduced in patients with disease-recurrence. It is well known that mTOR has a strong autophagy inhibition effect, therefore its downregulation promoted pro-survival autophagy, with a related increase recurrence rate. Our findings highlight for the first time the key role of β2-AR and related pathway in HNSCC cell proliferation and drug resistance, proposing it as a valuable therapeutic molecular target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Vitale Del Vecchio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Tarik Regad
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Sarah Wagner
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Laura Mosca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Bimonte
- Division of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-"Fondazione G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Giudice
- Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liccardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Prisco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Melanie Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella La Noce
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" via L. Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Barbieri
- Animal Facility, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", "Fondazione G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Scatozza F, D'Amore A, Fontanella RA, DE Cesaris P, Marampon F, Padula F, Ziparo E, Riccioli A, Filippini A. Toll-Iike Receptor-3 Activation Enhances Malignant Traits in Human Breast Cancer Cells Through Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:5379-5391. [PMID: 32988857 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) inhibitors have been proposed as therapeutic agents for several tumor types. HIF1α is induced by hypoxia and by pathogens in normoxia through toll-like receptors (TLRs). The TLR3 activator polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] induces apoptosis in various types of cancer but not in the most aggressive breast cancer cell lines. We hypothesized that the failure of TLR3 stimulation to induce apoptosis in these cells might be due to an elevated HIF1α level and this link might be exploited. MATERIALS AND METHODS Poly(I:C)-induced signaling pathway and expression of HIF1α and HIF1α targets were studied in MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines by western blot. Flow cytometry was used for apoptotic responses and vasculogenic mimicry as bioassay. RESULTS Poly(I:C) increased expression of HIF1α and its targets BCL2 apoptosis regulator and c-MYC. Moreover, using pharmacological or genetic HIF1 inhibition, reduction of poly(I:C)-induced expression of HIF1α was paralleled by lowering of c-MYC and increased sensitivity to poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis, demonstrating the crucial role of this factor. We provide the first evidence in breast cancer cells that TLR3 stimulation induces HIF1α-dependent vasculogenic mimicry. By using specific inhibitors, we identified a signaling cascade upstream of HIF1α induction. CONCLUSION Combined treatment with poly(I:C) and HIF1 inhibitors deserves consideration as an effective strategy in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scatozza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Amore
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola DE Cesaris
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Padula
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elio Ziparo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Riccioli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Colapietro A, Yang P, Rossetti A, Mancini A, Vitale F, Martellucci S, Conway TL, Chakraborty S, Marampon F, Mattei V, Gravina GL, Biordi AL, Wei D, Newman RA, Festuccia C. The Botanical Drug PBI-05204, a Supercritical CO 2 Extract of Nerium Oleander, Inhibits Growth of Human Glioblastoma, Reduces Akt/mTOR Activities, and Modulates GSC Cell-Renewal Properties. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:552428. [PMID: 33013390 PMCID: PMC7516200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.552428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most common primary glial tumor resulting in very low patient survival despite current extensive therapeutic efforts. Emerging evidence suggests that more effective treatments are required to overcome tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance and a complex tumor-supporting microenvironment. PBI-05204 is a specifically formulated botanical drug consisting of a modified supercritical C02 extract of Nerium oleander that has undergone both phase I and phase II clinical trials in the United States for treatment of patients with a variety of advanced cancers. The present study was designed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of this botanical drug against glioblastoma using both in vitro and in vivo cancer models as well as exploring efficacy against glioblastoma stem cells. All three human GBM cell lines, U87MG, U251, and T98G, were inhibited by PBI-05204 in a concentration dependent manner that was characterized by induction of apoptosis as evidenced by increased ANNEXIN V staining and caspase activities. The expression of proteins associated with both Akt and mTOR pathway was suppressed by PBI-05240 in all treated human GBM cell lines. PBI-05204 significantly suppressed U87 spheroid formation and the expression of important stem cell markers such as SOX2, CD44, and CXCR4. Oral administration of PBI-05204 resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of U87MG, U251, and T98G xenograft growth. Additionally, PBI-05204–treated mice carrying U87-Luc cells as an orthotropic model exhibited significantly delayed onset of tumor proliferation and significantly increased overall survival. Immunohistochemical staining of xenograft derived tumor sections revealed dose-dependent declines in expression of Ki67 and CD31 positive stained cells but increased TUNEL staining. PBI-05204 represents a novel therapeutic botanical drug approach for treatment of glioblastoma as demonstrated by significant responses with in vivo tumor models. Both in vitro cell culture and immunohistochemical studies of tumor tissue suggest drug induction of tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of PI3k/mTOR pathways as well as cancer stemness. Given the fact that PBI-05204 has already been examined in phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, its efficacy when combined with standard of care chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be explored in future clinical trials of this difficult to treat brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colapietro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Flora Vitale
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, University Hub "Sabina Universitas", Rieti, Italy
| | - Tara L Conway
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Assunta Leda Biordi
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Claudio Festuccia
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Marampon F, Gravina GL, Festuccia C, Popov VM, Colapietro A, Sanità P, Musio D, De Felice F, Lenzi A, Jannini EA, Di Cesare E, Tombolini V. Correction to: Vitamin D protects endothelial cells from irradiation-induced senescence and apoptosis by modulating MAPK/SirT1 axis. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1347. [PMID: 32504459 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Unfortunately, the 5th author name has been publisehd incorrectly in the original publication. The complete correct name is given below.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marampon
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - G L Gravina
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - C Festuccia
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - V M Popov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Colapietro
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - P Sanità
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - D Musio
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F De Felice
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E A Jannini
- Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - E Di Cesare
- Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - V Tombolini
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Petragnano F, Pietrantoni I, Camero S, Codenotti S, Milazzo L, Vulcano F, Macioce G, Giordani I, Tini P, Cheleschi S, Gravina GL, Festuccia C, Rossetti A, Delle Monache S, Ordinelli A, Ciccarelli C, Mauro A, Barbara B, Antinozzi C, Schiavetti A, Maggio R, Di Luigi L, Polimeni A, Marchese C, Tombolini V, Fanzani A, Bernabò N, Megiorni F, Marampon F. Clinically relevant radioresistant rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines: functional, molecular and immune-related characterization. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:90. [PMID: 32854690 PMCID: PMC7453562 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The probability of local tumor control after radiotherapy (RT) remains still miserably poor in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible of tumor relapse is essential to identify personalized RT-based strategies. Contrary to what has been done so far, a correct characterization of cellular radioresistance should be performed comparing radioresistant and radiosensitive cells with the same isogenic background. METHODS Clinically relevant radioresistant (RR) embryonal (RD) and alveolar (RH30) RMS cell lines have been developed by irradiating them with clinical-like hypo-fractionated schedule. RMS-RR cells were compared to parental isogenic counterpart (RMS-PR) and studied following the radiobiological concept of the "6Rs", which stand for repair, redistribution, repopulation, reoxygenation, intrinsic radioresistance and radio-immuno-biology. RESULTS RMS-RR cell lines, characterized by a more aggressive and in vitro pro-metastatic phenotype, showed a higher ability to i) detoxify from reactive oxygen species; ii) repair DNA damage by differently activating non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination pathways; iii) counteract RT-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest by re-starting growth and repopulating after irradiation; iv) express cancer stem-like profile. Bioinformatic analyses, performed to assess the role of 41 cytokines after RT exposure and their network interactions, suggested TGF-β, MIF, CCL2, CXCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL12 as master regulators of cancer immune escape in RMS tumors. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that RMS could sustain intrinsic and acquire radioresistance by different mechanisms and indicate potential targets for future combined radiosensitizing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pietrantoni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile, and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Milazzo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vulcano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Macioce
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Giordani
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Sbarro Health Research Organization, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Cheleschi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ordinelli
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Carmela Ciccarelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Barboni Barbara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Amalia Schiavetti
- Department of Maternal, Infantile, and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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De Felice F, Megiorni F, Pietrantoni I, Tini P, Lessiani G, Mastroiacovo D, Mattana P, Antinozzi C, Di Luigi L, Delle Monache S, Angelucci A, Festuccia C, Fanzani A, Maggio R, Tombolini V, Gravina GL, Marampon F. Sulodexide counteracts endothelial dysfunction induced by metabolic or non-metabolic stresses through activation of the autophagic program. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:2669-2680. [PMID: 30964194 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201903_17415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction (ED) predisposes to venous thrombosis (VT) and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a long-term VT-related complication. Sulodexide (SDX) is a highly purified glycosaminoglycan with antithrombotic, pro-fibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of chronic venous disease (CVD), including patients with PTS. SDX has recently obtained clinical evidence in the "extension therapy" after initial-standard anticoagulant treatment for the secondary prevention of recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Herein, we investigated how SDX counteracts ED. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used. Metabolic and non metabolic-induced ED was induced by treating with methylglyoxal (MGO) or irradiation (IR), respectively. Bafilomycin A1 was used to inhibit autophagy. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cell viability, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay for cell apoptosis, Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis for gene and protein expression were used. RESULTS SDX protected HUVEC from MGO- or IR-induced apoptosis by counteracting the activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic caspase cascades. The cytoprotective effects of SDX resulted from a reduction in a) ROS production, b) neo-synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL1, IL6, IL8), c) DNA damage induced by MGO or IR. These effects were reduced when autophagy was inhibited. CONCLUSIONS Data herein collected indicate the ability of SDX to counteract ED induced by metabolic or non-metabolic stresses by involving the intracellular autophagy pathway. Our experience significantly increases the knowledge of the mechanisms of action of SDX against ED and supports the use of SDX in the treatment of CVD, PTS and in the secondary prevention of recurrent DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- F De Felice
- Department of Radiotherapy, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Petragnano F, Pietrantoni I, Di Nisio V, Fasciani I, Del Fattore A, Capalbo C, Cheleschi S, Tini P, Orelli S, Codenotti S, Mazzei MA, D'Ermo G, Pannitteri G, Tombolini M, De Cesaris P, Riccioli A, Filippini A, Milazzo L, Vulcano F, Fanzani A, Maggio R, Marampon F, Tombolini V. Modulating the dose-rate differently affects the responsiveness of human epithelial prostate- and mesenchymal rhabdomyosarcoma-cancer cell line to radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:823-835. [PMID: 32149569 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1739774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT), by using ionizing radiation (IR), destroys cancer cells inducing DNA damage. Despite several studies are continuously performed to identify the best curative dose of IR, the role of dose-rate, IR delivered per unit of time, on tumor control is still largely unknown.Materials and methods: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines were irradiated with 2 or 10 Gy delivered at dose-rates of 1.5, 2.5, 5.5 and 10.1 Gy/min. Cell-survival rate and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by clonogenic assays and flow cytometry, respectively. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by cytometry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction assessed the expression of anti-oxidant-related factors including NRF2, SODs, CAT and GPx4 and miRNAs (miR-22, -126, -210, -375, -146a, -34a). Annexin V and caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity were assessed to characterize cell death. Senescence was determined by assessing β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. Immunoblotting was performed to assess the expression/activation of: i) phosphorylated H2AX (γ-H2AX), markers of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs); ii) p19Kip1/Cip1, p21Waf1/Cip1 and p27Kip1/Cip1, senescence-related-markers; iii) p62, LC3-I and LC3-II, regulators of autophagy; iv) ATM, RAD51, DNA-PKcs, Ku70 and Ku80, mediators of DSBs repair.Results: Low dose-rate (LDR) more efficiently induced apoptosis and senescence in RMS while high dose-rate (HDR) necrosis in PCa. This paralleled with a lower ability of LDR-RMS and HDR-PCa irradiated cells to activate DSBs repair. Modulating the dose rate did not differently affect the anti-oxidant ability of cancer cells.Conclusion: The present results indicate that a stronger cytotoxic effect was induced by modulating the dose-rate in a cancer cell-dependent manner, this suggesting that choose the dose-rate based on the individual patient's tumor characteristics could be strategic for effective RT exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petragnano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pietrantoni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Nisio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Irene Fasciani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Unit Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Cheleschi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Unit of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Orelli
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy, Oncology, Anatomopathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Codenotti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe D'Ermo
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pannitteri
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrologic, Anaesthesiologic and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Tombolini
- Department of Sense Organs, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola De Cesaris
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Riccioli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Milazzo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vulcano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy, Oncology, Anatomopathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy, Oncology, Anatomopathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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