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Feltes G, Ballen SC, Steffens J, Paroul N, Steffens C. Differentiating True and False Cinnamon: Exploring Multiple Approaches for Discrimination. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1819. [PMID: 37893256 PMCID: PMC10609063 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive literature review that investigates the distinctions between true and false cinnamon. Given the intricate compositions of essential oils (EOs), various discrimination approaches were explored to ensure quality, safety, and authenticity, thereby establishing consumer confidence. Through the utilization of physical-chemical and instrumental analyses, the purity of EOs was evaluated via qualitative and quantitative assessments, enabling the identification of constituents or compounds within the oils. Consequently, a diverse array of techniques has been documented, encompassing organoleptic, physical, chemical, and instrumental methodologies, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Electronic noses (e-noses) exhibit significant potential for identifying cinnamon adulteration, presenting a rapid, non-destructive, and cost-effective approach. Leveraging their capability to detect and analyze volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles, e-noses can contribute to ensuring authenticity and quality in the food and fragrance industries. Continued research and development efforts in this domain will assuredly augment the capacities of this promising avenue, which is the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in conjunction with spectroscopic data to combat cinnamon adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Feltes
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim 99709-910, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Ballen
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim 99709-910, Brazil
| | - Juliana Steffens
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim 99709-910, Brazil
| | - Natalia Paroul
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim 99709-910, Brazil
| | - Clarice Steffens
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim 99709-910, Brazil
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Velázquez R, Rodríguez A, Hernández A, Casquete R, Benito MJ, Martín A. Spice and Herb Frauds: Types, Incidence, and Detection: The State of the Art. Foods 2023; 12:3373. [PMID: 37761082 PMCID: PMC10528162 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a necessity to protect the quality and authenticity of herbs and spices because of the increase in the fraud and adulteration incidence during the last 30 years. There are several aspects that make herbs and spices quite vulnerable to fraud and adulteration, including their positive and desirable sensorial and health-related properties, the form in which they are sold, which is mostly powdered, and their economic relevance around the world, even in developing countries. For these reasons, sensitive, rapid, and reliable techniques are needed to verify the authenticity of these agri-food products and implement effective adulteration prevention measures. This review highlights why spices and herbs are highly valued ingredients, their economic importance, and the official quality schemes to protect their quality and authenticity. In addition to this, the type of frauds that can take place with spices and herbs have been disclosed, and the fraud incidence and an overview of scientific articles related to fraud and adulteration based on the Rapid Alert System Feed and Food (RASFF) and the Web of Science databases, respectively, during the last 30 years, is carried out here. Next, the methods used to detect adulterants in spices and herbs are reviewed, with DNA-based techniques and mainly spectroscopy and image analysis methods being the most recommended. Finally, the available adulteration prevention measurements for spices and herbs are presented, and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Velázquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Medio Agronómico y Forestal, Investigación Aplicada en Hortofruticultura y Jardinería, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rocío Casquete
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María J. Benito
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
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Authentication/discrimination, identification and quantification of cinnamon adulterants using NIR spectroscopy and different chemometric tools: A tutorial to deal with counterfeit samples. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Demakov PA, Vasileva AA, Volynkin SS, Ryadun AA, Samsonenko DG, Fedin VP, Dybtsev DN. Cinnamal Sensing and Luminescence Color Tuning in a Series of Rare-Earth Metal-Organic Frameworks with Trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate. Molecules 2021; 26:5145. [PMID: 34500580 PMCID: PMC8433715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Three isostructural metal-organic frameworks ([Ln2(phen)2(NO3)2(chdc)2]·2DMF (Ln3+ = Y3+ for 1, Eu3+ for 2 or Tb3+ for 3; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; H2chdc = trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid) were synthesized and characterized. The compounds are based on a binuclear block {M2(phen)2(NO3)2(OOCR)4} assembled into a two-dime nsional square-grid network containing tetragonal channels with 26% total solvent-accessible volume. Yttrium (1)-, europium (2)- and terbium (3)-based structures emit in the blue, red and green regions, respectively, representing the basic colors of the standard RGB matrix. A doping of Eu3+ and/or Tb3+ centers into the Y3+-based phase led to mixed-metal compositions with tunable emission color and high quantum yields (QY) up to 84%. The bright luminescence of a suspension of microcrystalline 3 in DMF (QY = 78%) is effectively quenched by diluted cinnamaldehyde (cinnamal) solutions at millimolar concentrations, suggesting a convenient and analytically viable sensing method for this important chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Demakov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Alena A. Vasileva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Volynkin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Alexey A. Ryadun
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Denis G. Samsonenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Vladimir P. Fedin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Danil N. Dybtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.V.); (S.S.V.); (A.A.R.); (D.G.S.); (V.P.F.); (D.N.D.)
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Simultaneous Estimation of Cinnamaldehyde and Eugenol in Essential Oils and Traditional and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Different Species of Cinnamon Using a Sustainable/Green HPTLC Technique. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072054. [PMID: 33916710 PMCID: PMC8038348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of analytical techniques are reported for the determination of cinnamaldehyde (CCHO) and eugenol (EOH) in plant extracts and herbal formulations either alone or in combination. Nevertheless, sustainable/green analytical techniques for the estimation of CCHO and EOH either alone or in combination are scarce in the literature. Accordingly, the present research was carried out to establish a rapid, highly sensitive, and sustainable high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH in the traditional and ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia and their essential oils. The simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH was performed through NP-18 silica gel 60 F254S HPTLC plates. The cyclohexane/ethyl acetate (90:10, v v-1) solvent system was optimized as the mobile phase for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH. The greenness score of the HPTLC technique was predicted using AGREE software. The entire analysis was carried out at a detection wavelength of 296 nm for CCHO and EOH. The sustainable HPTLC technique was observed as linear in the range 10-2000 ng band-1 for CCHO and EOH. The proposed technique was found to be highly sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise, and robust for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH. The content of CCHO in traditional methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 96.36, 118.49, and 114.18 mg g-1, respectively. However, the content of CCHO in ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 111.57, 134.39, and 129.07 mg g-1, respectively. The content of CCHO in essential oils of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 191.20, 214.24, and 202.09 mg g-1, respectively. The content of EOH in traditional methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 73.38, 165.41, and 109.10 mg g-1, respectively. However, the content of EOH in ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 87.20, 218.09, and 121.85 mg g-1, respectively. The content of EOH in essential oils of C. zeylanicum,C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 61.26, 79.21, and 69.02 mg g-1, respectively. The amounts of CCHO and EOH were found to be significantly higher in ultrasound-assisted extracts of all species compared to its traditional extraction and hence ultrasound extraction has been proposed as a superior technique for the extraction of CCHO and EOH. The AGREE analytical score of the present analytical technique was predicted as 0.75, suggesting excellent greenness profile of the proposed analytical technique. Based on all these observations and results, the proposed sustainable HPTLC technique can be successfully used for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH in different plant extracts and herbal products.
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Parihar AKS, K. Kulshrestha M, Sahu U, Karbhal KS, Inchulkar SR, Shah K, Chauhan NS. Quality control of Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a review. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kemprai P, Protim Mahanta B, Kumar Bora P, Jyoti Das D, Lakshmi Hati Boruah J, Proteem Saikia S, Haldar S. A 1H NMR spectroscopic method for the quantification of propenylbenzenes in the essential oils: Evaluation of key odorants, antioxidants and post-harvest drying techniques for Piper betle L. Food Chem 2020; 331:127278. [PMID: 32569965 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
1H quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy technique has certain advantages such as low-temperature operation, authentic structural prediction and short data acquisition time. In this study, a 1H qNMR method was developed for the analysis of propenylbenzenes (eugenol and seven analogues) in the essential oils, a broadly distributed class of natural flavours. It was validated in terms of specificity (methoxy/acetate signal), linearity (range 0.05-5.00 mg per assay), sensitivity (limit of detection and quantification 4.4 and 14.9 µg/mL respectively), accuracy and precision. The qNMR technique was utilized during the sensory or activity-guided identification of chavibetol as the key odorant and antioxidant in the betel (Piper betle L., Bangla cultivar) oil, a widely consumed chewing stimulant and valuable flavouring agent. The method was also applied for the evaluation of six different post-harvest drying techniques for betel leaves through the quantitative analysis of unambiguously identified propenylbenzene markers (chavibetol, chavibetol acetate and 4-allyl-1,2-phenylene diacetate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Phirose Kemprai
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Bhaskar Protim Mahanta
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Pranjit Kumar Bora
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Deep Jyoti Das
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Natural Products Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Jyoti Lakshmi Hati Boruah
- Natural Products Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Siddhartha Proteem Saikia
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India.
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Ofori H, Hettiarachchi D, Sostaric T, Pandohee J, Chudasama HD, Boyce MC. Characterisation of sandalwood essential oils: the application of high performance thin-layer chromatography. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2020.1829721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayford Ofori
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup, Australia
- CSIR-Food Research Institute , Accra, Ghana
| | - Dhanushka Hettiarachchi
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup, Australia
- Phytocognosy , Harrisdale, Australia
| | | | - Jessica Pandohee
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup, Australia
| | | | - Mary C. Boyce
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup, Australia
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup, Australia
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Ofori H, Hettiarachchi D, Sostaric T, Busetti F, Boyce MC. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic fingerprinting of sandalwood essential oils. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2019.32.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayford Ofori
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
- CSIR-Food Research Institute, Box M20, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Tomislav Sostaric
- Chromatech Scientific Pty Ltd, Yangebup, Western Australia, 6164, Australia
| | - Francesco Busetti
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - Mary C. Boyce
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Danciu
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Hosu
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Cimpoiu
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Electroanalytical determination of eugenol in clove oil by voltammetry of immobilized microdroplets. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-3933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Yang L, Zhao F, Zeng B. Electrochemical determination of eugenol using a three-dimensional molecularly imprinted poly (p-aminothiophenol-co-p-aminobenzoic acids) film modified electrode. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Higashi Y. Simple HPLC–fluorescence determination of eugenol in clove oil after pre-column derivatization with 4-(N-chloroformylmethyl-Nmethylamino)-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Determination of trace amounts of ochratoxin A in different food samples based on gold nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 53:909-14. [PMID: 26788015 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-2016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a carbon paste electrode chemically modified with gold nanoparticles was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of ochratoxin A. The differential pulse voltammetric method was employed to study the behavior of ochratoxin A on this modified electrode. The effect of variables such as percent of gold nanoparticles, pH of sample solution, accumulation potential and time on voltammogram peak current were optimized. The proposed electrode showed good oxidation response for ochratoxin A in 0.1 mol L(-1) PBS (pH 7.2) and the peak potential was about +0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The peak current increased linearly with the ochratoxin A concentration in the range of 0.5-100 nM. The detection limit was found to be 0.2 nM and the relative standard deviation was 6.2 % (n = 7). The method has been applied to the determination of ochratoxin A in cereal derived products such as breakfast cereals, cereal-based baby foods and beer samples.
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Pramod K, Ilyas UK, Singh M, Kamal YT, Ahmad S, Ansari SH, Ali J. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Eugenol in Developed Nanoemulsion Gel and Nanoparticles: Validation of a Stability-Indicating Method. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.27.2015.3.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Anubala S, Sekar R, Narayana P, Nagaiah K. A validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the determination of bioenhanced first-line antituberculosis drugs in pharmaceutical formulation. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.28.2015.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Afzali D, Zarei S, Fathirad F, Mostafavi A. Gold nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode for differential pulse voltammetric determination of eugenol. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 43:97-101. [PMID: 25175193 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a carbon paste electrode chemically modified with gold nanoparticles was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of eugenol. The differential pulse voltammetric method was employed to study the behavior of eugenol on this modified electrode. The effect of variables such as percent of gold nanoparticles, pH of solution, accumulation potential and time on voltammogram peak current were optimized. The proposed electrode showed good oxidation response for eugenol in 0.1 mol L(-1) phosphate buffer solution (pH8) and the peak potential was about +285 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). The peak current increased linearly with the eugenol concentration in the range of 5-250 μmol L(-1). The detection limit was found to be 2.0 μmol L(-1) and the relative standard deviation was 1.2% (n=7). The effect of interferences on the eugenol peak current was studied. The method has been applied to the determination of eugenol in different real samples, spiked recoveries were in the range of 96%-99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryoush Afzali
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environment, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Somaye Zarei
- Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Young Research Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Fathirad
- Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Young Research Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mostafavi
- Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Lin X, Ni Y, Kokot S. Electrochemical mechanism of eugenol at a Cu doped gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode and its analytical application in food samples. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rode S, Bhujbal P, Sandhya P. Quantification of piperine and 18-β glycyrrhetinic acid in herbal formulation “Eladi Gutika”. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.25.2013.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Analysis of alkaloids from different chemical groups by different liquid chromatography methods. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are biologically active compounds widely used as pharmaceuticals and synthesised as secondary methabolites in plants. Many of these compounds are strongly toxic. Therefore, they are often subject of scientific interests and analysis. Since alkaloids — basic compounds appear in aqueous solutions as ionized and unionized forms, they are difficult for chromatographic separation for peak tailing, poor systems efficiency, poor separation and poor column-to-column reproducibility. For this reason it is necessity searching of more suitable chromatographic systems for analysis of the compounds. In this article we present an overview on the separation of selected alkaloids from different chemical groups by liquid chromatography thus indicating the range of useful methods now available for alkaloid analysis. Different selectivity, system efficiency and peaks shape may be achieved in different LC methods separations by use of alternative stationary phases: silica, alumina, chemically bonded stationary phases, cation exchange phases, or by varying nonaqueous or aqueous mobile phase (containing different modifier, different buffers at different pH, ion-pairing or silanol blocker reagents). Developments in TLC (NP and RP systems), HPLC (NP, RP, HILIC, ion-exchange) are presented and the advantages of each method for alkaloids analysis are discussed.
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Higashi Y, Fujii Y. HPLC-UV ANALYSIS OF EUGENOL IN CLOVE AND CINNAMON OILS AFTER PRE-COLUMN DERIVATIZATION WITH 4-FLUORO-7-NITRO-2,1,3-BENZOXADIAZOLE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.534689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Higashi
- a Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Hokuriku University , Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Youichi Fujii
- a Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Hokuriku University , Kanazawa, Japan
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Koppikar SJ, Choudhari AS, Suryavanshi SA, Kumari S, Chattopadhyay S, Kaul-Ghanekar R. Aqueous cinnamon extract (ACE-c) from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia causes apoptosis in human cervical cancer cell line (SiHa) through loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:210. [PMID: 20482751 PMCID: PMC2893107 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoprevention, which includes the use of synthetic or natural agents (alone or in combination) to block the development of cancer in human beings, is an extremely promising strategy for cancer prevention. Cinnamon is one of the most widely used herbal medicines with diverse biological activities including anti-tumor activity. In the present study, we have reported the anti-neoplastic activity of cinnamon in cervical cancer cell line, SiHa. Methods The aqueous cinnamon extract (ACE-c) was analyzed for its cinnamaldehyde content by HPTLC analysis. The polyphenol content of ACE-c was measured by Folin-Ciocalteau method. Cytotoxicity analysis was performed by MTT assay. We studied the effect of cinnamon on growth kinetics by performing growth curve, colony formation and soft agar assays. The cells treated with ACE-c were analyzed for wound healing assay as well as for matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression at mRNA and protein level by RT-PCR and zymography, respectively. Her-2 protein expression was analyzed in the control and ACE-c treated samples by immunoblotting as well as confocal microscopy. Apoptosis studies and calcium signaling assays were analyzed by FACS. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in cinnamon treated cells was studied by JC-1 staining and analyzed by confocal microscopy as well as FACS. Results Cinnamon alters the growth kinetics of SiHa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cells treated with ACE-c exhibited reduced number of colonies compared to the control cells. The treated cells exhibited reduced migration potential that could be explained due to downregulation of MMP-2 expression. Interestingly, the expression of Her-2 oncoprotein was significantly reduced in the presence of ACE-c. Cinnamon extract induced apoptosis in the cervical cancer cells through increase in intracellular calcium signaling as well as loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion Cinnamon could be used as a potent chemopreventive drug in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya J Koppikar
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Sharma N, Sharma UK, Gupta AP, Devla, Sinha AK, Lal B, Ahuja PS. Simultaneous densitometric determination of shikonin, acetylshikonin, and β-acetoxyisovaleryl-shikonin in ultrasonic-assisted extracts of fourArnebiaspecies using reversed-phase thin layer chromatography. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:3239-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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