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Xiang G, Yang L, Qin J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Yang S. Revealing the potential bioactive components and mechanism of Qianhua Gout Capsules in the treatment of gouty arthritis through network pharmacology, molecular docking and pharmacodynamic study strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30983. [PMID: 38770346 PMCID: PMC11103544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of Qianhua Gout Capsules (QGC) in the treatment of gouty arthritis (GA). However, the specific regulatory targets and mechanisms of action of QGC are still unclear. To address this gap, we utilized network pharmacology, molecular docking, and pharmacodynamic approaches to investigate the bioactive components and associated mechanisms of QGC in the treatment of GA. By employing UPLC-Q Exactive-MS, we identified the compounds present in QGC, with active ingredients defined as those with oral bioavailability ≥30 % and drug similarity ≥0.18. Subsequently, the targets of these active compounds were determined using the TCMSP database, while GA-related targets were identified from DisGeNET, GeneCards, TTD, OMIM, and DrugBank databases. Further analysis including PPI analysis, GO analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment was conducted on the targets. Validation of the predicted results was performed using a GA rat model, evaluating pathological changes, inflammatory markers, and pathway protein expression. Our results revealed a total of 130 components, 44 active components, 16 potential shared targets, GO-enriched terms, and 47 signaling pathways related to disease targets. Key active ingredients included quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, luteolin, and wogonin. The PPI analysis highlighted five targets (PPARG, IL-6, MMP-9, IL-1β, CXCL-8) with the highest connectivity, predominantly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Molecular docking experiments demonstrated strong binding of CXCL8, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP9, and PPARG targets with the top five active compounds. Furthermore, animal experiments confirmed the efficacy of QGC in treating GA in rats, showing reductions in TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels, and increases in SOD levels in serum. In synovial tissues, QGC treatment upregulated CXCL8 and PPARG expression, while downregulating IL-1β, MMP9, and IL-6 expression. In conclusion, this study applied a network pharmacology approach to uncover the composition of QGC, predict its pharmacological interactions, and demonstrate its in vivo efficacy, providing insights into the anti-GA mechanisms of QGC. These findings pave the way for future investigations into the therapeutic mechanisms underlying QGC's effectiveness in the treatment of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang C, Qin LY, Li DM, Hu LG, Xue JJ, Zhai XP, Wang Q, Guo L, Tang L, Xie JW. Doped nanomaterial facilitates 3D printing target plate for rapid detection of alkaloids in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6825-6838. [PMID: 37848578 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to rapidly detect toxic alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) using laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). We systematically investigated twelve nanomaterials (NMs) as matrices and found that MoS2 and defect-rich-WO3 (D-WO3) were the best NMs for alkaloid detection. MoS2 and D-WO3 can be used directly as matrices dipped onto conventional ground steel target plates. Additionally, they can be conveniently fabricated as three-dimensional (3D) NM plates, where the MoS2 or D-WO3 NM is doped into resin and formed using a 3D printing process. We obtained good quantification of alkaloids using a chemothermal compound as an internal standard and detected related alkaloids in TCM extracts, Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Caowu (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix), and Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex). The work enabled the advantageous "dip and measure" method, demonstrating a simple and fast LDI-MS approach that achieves clean backgrounds for alkaloid detection. The 3D NM plates also facilitated mass spectrometry imaging of alkaloids in TCMs. This method has potential practical applications in medicine and food safety. Doped nanomaterial facilitates 3D printing target plate for rapid detection of alkaloids in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lu-Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- National Anti-Drug Laboratory Beijing Regional Center, Beijing, 100164, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Li-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jin-Juan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xin-Ping Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jian-Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
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Abdelfatah RM, Magdy MA. Green Easily Implemented Spectrophotometric Methods for Concurrent Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride and Naphazoline Nitrate in Nasal Preparations Containing Methylparaben. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1128-1137. [PMID: 37140554 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spectrophotometric resolution of a mixture of several drugs is considered a cheaper, simpler, and more versatile alternative compared to costly chromatographic instruments. OBJECTIVE The work aims to resolve the interfering spectra of ephedrine hydrochloride, naphazoline nitrate, and methylparaben in nasal preparations using smart spectrophotometric methods. METHOD In our work, derivative and dual-wavelength methods were combined to eliminate this interference, under the name of derivative dual-wavelength method. Other methods, namely successive derivative subtraction and chemometric analysis, were also able to eliminate this interference. The methods have proven their applicability as they follow the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) requirements regarding repeatability, precision, accuracy, selectivity, and linearity. Eco-scale, GAPI, and AGREE tools were used to estimate the possible environmental effects of the methods. RESULTS Acceptable results for repeatability, precision, accuracy, selectivity, and linearity were obtained. Limit of detection (LOD) values were 2.2 for ephedrine and 0.3 for naphazoline. The correlation coefficients were above 0.999. The methods were proven to be safe for application. CONCLUSIONS The introduced methods are cheap and easily implemented compared to chromatographic techniques. They can be used in purity-checking of raw material and estimation of concentrations in market formulations. The replacement of the published chromatographic techniques with our developed methods is useful when needing to save money, effort, and time. HIGHLIGHTS The three components of a decongestant nasal preparation were determined using cheap, green, and versatile spectrophotometric methods that keep the advantages of chromatographic techniques, including accuracy, reproducibility, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M Abdelfatah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., 62574 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Maimana A Magdy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., 62574 Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Magdy MA, Abdelfatah RM. Green validated HPTLC and HPLC methods for determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and naphazoline nitrate in the presence of methylparaben, in their pure forms and pharmaceutical formulation. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-020-00024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tembrock LR, Broeckling CD, Heuberger AL, Simmons MP, Stermitz FR, Uvarov JM. Employing Two-stage Derivatisation and GC-MS to Assay for Cathine and Related Stimulant Alkaloids across the Celastraceae. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2017; 28:257-266. [PMID: 28124803 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catha edulis (qat, khat, mirra) is a woody plant species that is grown and consumed in East Africa and Yemen for its stimulant alkaloids cathinone, cathine and norephedrine. Two Celastraceae species, in addition to qat, have been noted for their stimulant properties in ethnobotanical literature. Recent phylogenetic reconstructions place four genera in a clade sister to Catha edulis, and these genera are primary candidates to search for cathine and related alkaloids. OBJECTIVE Determine if cathine or related alkaloids are present in species of Celastraceae other than Catha edulis. METHODS Leaf samples from 43 Celastraceae species were extracted in water followed by basification of the aqueous extract and partitioning with methyl-t-butyl ether to provide an alkaloid-enriched fraction. The extract was derivatised in a two-stage process and analysed using GC-MS for the presence of cathine. Related alkaloids and other metabolites in this alkaloid-enriched fraction were tentatively identified. RESULTS Cathinone, cathine and norephedrine were not detected in any of the 43 Celastraceae species assayed other than Catha edulis. However, the phenylalanine- or tyrosine-derived alkaloid phenylethylamine was identified in five species. Nine species were found to be enriched for numerous sterol- and terpene-like compounds. CONCLUSION These results indicate that cathine is unique to Catha edulis, and not the compound responsible for the stimulant properties reported in related Celastraceae species. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Tembrock
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Corey D Broeckling
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Adam L Heuberger
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Mark P Simmons
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Frank R Stermitz
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jessica M Uvarov
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Xin GZ, Hu B, Shi ZQ, Zheng JY, Wang L, Chang WQ, Li P, Yao Z, Liu LF. A direct ionization mass spectrometry-based approach for differentiation of medicinal Ephedra species. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:492-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Alechaga É, Moyano E, Galceran MT. Wide-range screening of psychoactive substances by FIA-HRMS: identification strategies. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4567-80. [PMID: 25862473 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recreational drugs (illicit drugs, human and veterinary medicines, legal highs, etc.) often contain lacing agents and adulterants which are not related to the main active ingredient. Serious side effects and even the death of the consumer have been related to the consumption of mixtures of psychoactive substances and/or adulterants, so it is important to know the actual composition of recreational drugs. In this work, a method based on flow injection analysis (FIA) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is proposed for the fast identification of psychoactive substances in recreational drugs and legal highs. The FIA and HRMS working conditions were optimized in order to detect a wide range of psychoactive compounds. As most of the psychoactive substances are acid-base compounds, methanol-0.1 % aqueous formic acid (1:1 v/v) as a carrier solvent and electrospray in both positive ion mode and negative ion mode were used. Two data acquisition modes, full scan at high mass resolution (HRMS) and data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry (ddMS/HRMS) with a quadrupole-Orbitrap mass analyzer were used, resulting in sufficient selectivity for identification of the components of the samples. A custom-made database containing over 450 substances, including psychoactive compounds and common adulterants, was built to perform a high-throughput target and suspect screening. Moreover, online accurate mass databases and mass fragmenter software were used to identify unknowns. Some examples, selected among the analyzed samples of recreational drugs and legal highs using the FIA-HRMS(ddMS/HRMS) method developed, are discussed to illustrate the screening strategy used in this study. The results showed that many of the analyzed samples were adulterated, and in some cases the sample composition did not match that of the supposed marketed substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élida Alechaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Sequential extraction of amphetamines, opiates, and 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid from a limited volume of urine using a monolithic silica spin column coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-013-0185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Shu X, Tang Y, Jiang C, Shang E, Qian D, Ding A, Fan X. QUANTITATIVE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FOR NINE MAIN BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF SAN-AO DECOCTION, ITS HERB PAIRS, AND THREE SINGLE HERBS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.683917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Yuping Tang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Chenxue Jiang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Erxing Shang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Dawei Qian
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Anwei Ding
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Xinsheng Fan
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
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Lu M, Cai Z. Advances of MALDI-TOF MS in the Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2012; 331:143-64. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2012_383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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