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Wang X, Li X, Li L, Li M, Liu Y, Wu Q, Li P, Jin Y. Sensitive determination of three aconitum alkaloids and their metabolites in human plasma by matrix solid-phase dispersion with vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and HPLC with diode array detection. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1971-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Wang
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Ningxia University; Yinchuan China
| | - Xuwen Li
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Lanjie Li
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Min Li
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Yongri Jin
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun China
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Ke LJ, Gao GZ, Shen Y, Zhou JW, Rao PF. Encapsulation of Aconitine in Self-Assembled Licorice Protein Nanoparticles Reduces the Toxicity In Vivo. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:449. [PMID: 26586149 PMCID: PMC4653129 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Many herbal medicines and compositions are clinically effective but challenged by its safety risks, i.e., aconitine (AC) from aconite species. The combined use of Radix glycyrrhizae (licorice) with Radix aconite L. effectively eliminates toxicity of the later while increasing efficacy. In this study, a boiling-stable 31-kDa protein (namely GP) was purified from licorice and self-assembled into nanoparticles (206.2 ± 2.0 nm) at pH 5.0, 25 °C. The aconitine-encapsulated GP nanoparticles (238.2 ± 1.2 nm) were prepared following the same procedure and tested for its toxicity by intraperitoneal injection on ICR mouse (n = 8). Injection of GP-AC nanoparticles and the mixed licorice-aconite decoction, respectively, caused mild recoverable toxic effects and no death, while the aconitine, particle-free GP-AC mixture and aconite decoction induced sever toxic effects and 100 % death. Encapsulation of poisonous alkaloids into self-assembled herbal protein nanoparticles contributes to toxicity attenuation of combined use of herbs, implying a prototype nanostructure and a universal principle for the safer clinical applications of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jing Ke
- Food Nutrition Sciences Centre, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Room 407, No. 1 Laboratory Bld., No. 149 Jiaogong Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guan-Zhen Gao
- Food Nutrition Sciences Centre, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Room 407, No. 1 Laboratory Bld., No. 149 Jiaogong Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yong Shen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Fuzhou University, No. 523 Gongye Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Jian-Wu Zhou
- Food Nutrition Sciences Centre, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Room 407, No. 1 Laboratory Bld., No. 149 Jiaogong Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Ping-Fan Rao
- Food Nutrition Sciences Centre, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Room 407, No. 1 Laboratory Bld., No. 149 Jiaogong Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Qualitative and quantitative analysis of drug interactions: Fritillary mediating the transport of alkaloids in caco-2 cells by p-glycoprotein. Chem Res Chin Univ 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-014-4066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yu Z, Su Q, Tang Y, Xu Z. Preparation and evaluation of aconitine imprinted microspheres and its application to body fluid samples. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Analysis of alkaloids from different chemical groups by different liquid chromatography methods. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are biologically active compounds widely used as pharmaceuticals and synthesised as secondary methabolites in plants. Many of these compounds are strongly toxic. Therefore, they are often subject of scientific interests and analysis. Since alkaloids — basic compounds appear in aqueous solutions as ionized and unionized forms, they are difficult for chromatographic separation for peak tailing, poor systems efficiency, poor separation and poor column-to-column reproducibility. For this reason it is necessity searching of more suitable chromatographic systems for analysis of the compounds. In this article we present an overview on the separation of selected alkaloids from different chemical groups by liquid chromatography thus indicating the range of useful methods now available for alkaloid analysis. Different selectivity, system efficiency and peaks shape may be achieved in different LC methods separations by use of alternative stationary phases: silica, alumina, chemically bonded stationary phases, cation exchange phases, or by varying nonaqueous or aqueous mobile phase (containing different modifier, different buffers at different pH, ion-pairing or silanol blocker reagents). Developments in TLC (NP and RP systems), HPLC (NP, RP, HILIC, ion-exchange) are presented and the advantages of each method for alkaloids analysis are discussed.
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Zhang HF, Shi YP. Preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticle enclosure hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the determination of aconitines in human serum samples. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 724:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Borcsa B, Csupor D, Forgo P, Widowitz U, Bauer R, Hohmann J. Aconitum lipo-alkaloids – Semisynthetic Products of the Traditional Medicine. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [PMID: 21560765 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The term lipo-alkaloid is used for C19 aconitane alkaloids containing one or two long-chain fatty acid residues. Lipo-alkaloids are transesterified derivatives of the most toxic and highly effective diester-type diterpene alkaloids, such as aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine. Lipo-alkaloids are native minor compounds of aconite drugs, but their amount significantly increases after traditional processing, which is a general method in the Far Eastern traditional medicinal systems. Analytical works demonstrated that cautious processing (usually boiling) of crude aconite roots decreases the amount of normal diterpene alkaloids and increases the concentration of lipo-alkaloids resulting in the reduction of toxicity of the drugs. Many papers reported that lipo-alkaloids occur as a complex mixture in the drugs, and the isolation of the individual components is extremely difficult. These compounds have been identified using highly sensitive analytical methods (HPLC-MS, NMR), and semisynthetic approaches have been developed to ensure lipo-alkaloids in pure form for pharmacological studies. This review summarizes the structure, chemistry, semisynthesis, analytics and bioactivities of lipo-alkaloids. On the basis of 32 references this is the first comprehensive study on this topic, covering the data of 173 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botond Borcsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Forgo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ute Widowitz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Wang X, Pi Z, Liu W, Zhao Y, Liu S. Effect of pH on the Metabolism of Aconitine under Rat Intestinal Bacteria and Analysis of Metabolites Using HPLC/MS-MSn Technique. CHINESE J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201190028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Yang Y, Chen J, Shi YP. Determination of aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine in urine using hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:2811-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Song JZ, Han QB, Qiao CF, But PPH, Xu HX. Development and validation of a rapid capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of aconite alkaloids in aconite roots. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2010; 21:137-143. [PMID: 19810124 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aconites, with aconite alkaloids as the major therapeutic and toxic components, are used for the treatment of analgesic, antirheumatic and neurological symptoms. Quantification of the aconite alkaloids is important for the quality control of aconite-containing drugs. OBJECTIVE To establish a validated capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for the simultaneous determination of six major alkaloids, namely aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine, in crude and processed aconite roots. METHODOLOGY The CZE method was optimised and validated using a stability-indicating method. The optimised running buffer was a mixture of 200 mm Tris, 150 mm perchloric acid and 40% 1,4-dioxane (pH 7.8) with the capillary thermostated at 25 degrees C. RESULTS Using the optimised method, six aconite alkaloids were well separated. The established method showed good precision, accuracy and recovery. Contents of these alkaloids in crude and processed aconites were determined and it was observed that the levels of individual alkaloids varied between samples. CONCLUSION The developed CZE method was reliable for the quality control of aconites contained in herbal medicines. The method could also be used as an approach for toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zheng Song
- Chinese Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine, Rm 220, No. 2 Biotech. Ave, 12 Miles, Tai Po Road, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
The lasting attention that researchers have devoted to diterpenoid alkaloids is due to their various bioactivities and toxicities, structural complexity, and intriguing chemistry. From 1998 to the end of 2008, more than 300 new diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Nature. This review focuses on their structural relationships, and investigations into their chemical reactions, synthesis, and biological activities. A table that lists the names, plant sources, and structural types is given along with 363 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
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Zhang QL, Hu JH, Zhu QG, Li FQ, Liu JY, Wang D. Development of a novel HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of aconitine and its application to in vitro and rat microdialysis samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:692-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wang J, van der Heijden R, Spijksma G, Reijmers T, Wang M, Xu G, Hankemeier T, van der Greef J. Alkaloid profiling of the Chinese herbal medicine Fuzi by combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2169-78. [PMID: 19095240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Zhang F, Tang MH, Chen LJ, Li R, Wang XH, Duan JG, Zhao X, Wei YQ. Simultaneous quantitation of aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetics evaluation of “SHEN-FU” injectable powder. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 873:173-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pietsch J, Günther J, Henle T, Dreßler J. Simultaneous determination of thirteen plant alkaloids in a human specimen by SPE and HPLC. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2410-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang Z, Wen J, He Y. Simultaneous determination of three aconitum alkaloids in urine by LC-MS-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 45:145-148. [PMID: 17555909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Revised: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive method has been developed for the identification and quantification of the toxic alkaloids yunaconitine, crassicauline A, and foresaconitine in urine specimens. After solid-phase extraction using Oasis MCX cartridges, the extracts were analyzed by LC-MS-MS. The limit of detection is 0.03 ng/mL urine for yunaconitine and 0.05 ng/mL urine for crassicauline A and foresaconitine; the limit of quantitation is 0.15 ng/mL urine for yunaconitine and 0.20 ng/mL urine for crassicauline A and foresaconitine. The method was employed in the analysis of the urine of a 55-year-old male who died after ingestion of herbal medicine powder made from the roots of aconite. Yunaconitine, crassicauline A and foresaconitine were identified in the urine. Crassicauline A and foresaconitine were thus identified in a biological specimen for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Wang
- Forensic Science Institute of Public Security Ministry, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Jiao Wen
- Forensic Science Institute of Public Security Ministry, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Yi He
- Forensic Science Institute of Public Security Ministry, Beijing 100038, PR China
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Yin J, Guo W, Du Y, Wang E. Facile separation and determination ofAconitine alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicines by CE with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II)-based electrochemiluminescence detection. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:4836-41. [PMID: 17136722 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A facile CE method coupled with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II)-based electrochemiluminescence [Ru(bpy)(3) (2+)] detection was developed for simultaneous determination of Aconitum alkaloids, i.e., hypaconitine (HA), aconitine (AC), and mesaconitine (MA) in baseline separation. The optimal separation of these Aconitum alkaloids was achieved in a fused-silica capillary column (50 cm x 25 microm id) with 30 mM phosphate solution (pH 8.40) as running buffer at 12 kV applied voltage. The three alkaloids can be determined within 10 min by a single run. The calibration curves showed a linear range from 2.0 x 10(-7) to 2.0 x 10(-5) M for HA, 3.4 x 10(-7) to 1.7 x 10(-5) M for AC, and 3.8 x 10(-7) to 1.9 x 10(-5) M for MA. The RSDs for all analytes were below 3.01%. Good linear relationships were found with correlation coefficients for all analytes exceeding 0.993. The detection limits were 2.0 x 10(-8) M for HA, 1.7 x 10(-7) M for AC, and 1.9 x 10(-7) M for MA under optimal conditions. This method was successfully applied to determine the three alkaloids in Aconitum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
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Jiang ZH, Xie Y, Zhou H, Wang JR, Liu ZQ, Wong YF, Cai X, Xu HX, Liu L. Quantification of Aconitum alkaloids in aconite roots by a modified RP-HPLC method. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2005; 16:415-21. [PMID: 16315485 DOI: 10.1002/pca.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The three Aconitum alkaloids, aconitine (1), mesaconitine (2) and hypaconitine (3), are pharmacologically active but also highly toxic. A standardised method is needed for assessing the levels of these alkaloids in aconite roots in order to ensure the safe use of these plant materials as medicinal herbs. By optimising extraction, separation and measurement conditions, a reliable, reproducible and accurate method for the quantitative determination of all three Aconitum alkaloids in unprocessed and processed aconite roots has been developed. This method should be appropriate for use in the quality control of Aconitum products. The three Aconitum alkaloids were separated by a modified HPLC method employing a C18 column gradient eluted with acetonitrile and ammonium bicarbonate buffer. Quantification of Aconitum alkaloids, detected at 240 nm, in different batches of samples showed that the content of 1, 2 and 3 varied significantly. In general, the alkaloid content of unprocessed roots was higher than that of processed roots. These variations were considered to be the result of differences in species, processing methods and places of origin of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
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Xie Y, Jiang ZH, Zhou H, Xu HX, Liu L. Simultaneous determination of six Aconitum alkaloids in proprietary Chinese medicines by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1093:195-203. [PMID: 16233884 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2005] [Revised: 06/28/2005] [Accepted: 07/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
By optimizing the extraction, separation and analytical conditions, a reliable and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with photodiode array detector (DAD) was developed for simultaneous quantitative determination of six Aconitum alkaloids, i.e., aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine, in Chinese medicinal herbs, aconite roots, and 12 proprietary Chinese medicines containing processed aconite roots. The separation of these Aconitum alkaloids was achieved on an ODS column with gradient elution using solvents of acetonitrile and ammonium bicarbonate buffer (pH 10.0+/-0.2). Intra-assay and inter-assay precision of the analytes were less than 2.97%, and the average recovery rates obtained were in the range of 90-103% for all with RSDs below 3.28%. Good linear relationships were showed with correlation coefficients for the analytes exceeded 0.999. Quantitative analysis of the six Aconitum alkaloids in the unprocessed and processed aconite roots and in twelve proprietary Chinese medicines containing processed aconite roots showed that the contents of the alkaloids varied significantly. This method and quantitation results can provide a scientific and technical platform to the products manufacturers for setting up a quality control standard as well as to the public for quality and safety assurance of the proprietary Chinese medicines and other herbal preparations containing aconite roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Weng W, Xu H, Huang J, Wang G, Shen T, Zhang J. Determination of bulleyaconitine A in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 816:315-20. [PMID: 15664364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2004] [Accepted: 11/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) was developed for the determination of bulleyaconitine A (BLA) in human plasma. BLA and internal standard (I.S.) ketoconazole were extracted from the plasma by a liquid-liquid extraction. The supernatant was evaporated to complete dryness and reconstituted with acetonitrile containing 0.1% acetic acid before injecting into an ODS MS column. The gradient mobile phase was composed of a mixture of acetonitrile (containing 0.1% acetic acid, v/v) and 0.1% acetic acid aqueous solution eluted at 0.3 ml/min. BLA and I.S. were determined by multiple reaction monitoring using precursor-->product ion combinations at m/z 644.6-->584.3 and 531.2-->81.6, respectively. Linearity was established for the concentration range of 0.12-6 ng/ml. The recoveries of BLA ranged from 96.93 to 113.9% and the R.S.D. was within 20%. The method is rapid and applicable to the pharmacokinetic studies of BLA in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Drasar P, Moravcova J. Recent advances in analysis of Chinese medical plants and traditional medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2004; 812:3-21. [PMID: 15556485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine is gaining increasing popularity worldwide for health promotion and adjuvant therapy. Thus, selective and efficient analytical methods are required not only for quality assurance but also for authentication of the plant material. Applications of both chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques to the analysis of medicinal plants and Chinese traditional medicine preparations over the last 3 years are outlined in this review. The role of chemical fingerprinting is highlighted and a brief survey of determination of toxic components, natural and synthetic adulterants is also included. Moreover, different sample pretreatment and extraction methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Drasar
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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