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Bellucci G, Park SQ. Loneliness is associated with more trust but worse trustworthiness expectations. Br J Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38807533 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Subjective feelings of loneliness emerge due to unsatisfactory social relationships, representing a major risk for mental and physical well-being. Despite its social nature, evidence on how loneliness affects social behaviours and expectations is lacking. Using Bayesian analyses and economic games, we show in three different studies that lonelier individuals trusted their partners to a greater extent despite less favourable trustworthiness expectations, showing a greater discrepancy between their trusting behaviours and their expectations of others' trustworthiness. Such discrepancy was reversed in extravert individuals who also reported to be less lonely. These results provide evidence on two opposing effects of loneliness as a motivator for social connections and promoter of social withdrawal, and demonstrate the moderating role of personality traits. This work contributes to a better understanding of how loneliness impacts social behaviour and social expectations, with important downstream clinical implications for varying health conditions associated with heightened feelings of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bellucci
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
- Department of Psychology I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Soyoung Q Park
- Department of Psychology I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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2
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Shdaifat E, Shudayfat T, Alshowkan A. The relationship between personality traits and happiness: the mediating role of emotional regulation. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:327. [PMID: 38745308 PMCID: PMC11092155 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01959-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the factors contributing to happiness in the nursing profession is essential, particularly considering the high levels of stress associated with the job. This study aimed to explore the role of emotion regulation in mediating the relationship between personality traits and nurses' happiness. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between personality traits and happiness by examining the mediating role of emotion regulation. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 324 Jordanian and 408 Saudi nurses. Data, including the Big Five personality traits, happiness levels, and measures of emotional regulation, were collected through an online survey. The model's fit and explanatory capability were verified by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS 3. RESULTS In the structural model, agreeableness had a significant effect on happiness, influencing both reappraisal and suppression. Extraversion strongly influences happiness, positively affects reappraisal, and negatively affects suppression. Neuroticism hampers happiness and reappraisal, and has a detrimental effect on suppression. Openness had a positive effect on suppression, whereas consciousness positively affected happiness. Mediation analysis revealed direct effects on happiness, with varying indirect contributions from emotional regulation. Multiple-group analysis revealed no significant differences between Jordan and Saudi Arabia in the association between personality traits and happiness. CONCLUSION The findings emphasize the nuanced effects of agreeableness, extraversion, neuroticism, consciousness, and openness on happiness, mediated by emotional regulation. Implementing specific interventions to improve emotional regulation can increase nurses' happiness regardless of their personality traits. The lack of significant differences between Jordanian and Saudi nurses implies that these relationships are consistent across cultures, offering valuable information for cross-cultural healthcare interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Shdaifat
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,, P.O Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamadur Shudayfat
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, P. O. Box 130040, Mafraq, Jordan.
| | - Amira Alshowkan
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,, P.O Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Kwon S, Benoit E, Windsor L. The effects of social support and self-efficacy on hopefulness in low-income older adults during COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:305. [PMID: 38565999 PMCID: PMC10985883 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support and self-efficacy play a significant role in improving positive psychological well-being in marginalized older adults. However, to date, there are few studies identifying the relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the effect of social support and self-efficacy on hopefulness in a majority Black sample of marginalized low-income older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used baseline data from a clinical trial designed to increase COVID-19 testing in Essex County, NJ, United States. The dataset involved participants 50 years old or older. We conducted: 1) cross-sectional descriptive/frequency statistics to understand the sociodemographic characteristics, 2) multivariate linear regression to investigate the direct relationships between social support subscales or self-efficacy and hopefulness, and 3) mediation analyses to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and hopefulness. RESULTS Our findings showed that self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and hopefulness. After adjusting for covariate variables, social support subscales (i.e., emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, positive social interaction social support) and self-efficacy were significantly associated with hopefulness. The indirect effect of social support via self-efficacy was positive and statistically significant. CONCLUSION Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and hopefulness in marginalized older adults aged 50 and over. Further research is needed to identify the various facets of positive psychological well-being using longitudinal data and a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonhyung Kwon
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Ellen Benoit
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Liliane Windsor
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 W Nevada St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Khachatryan K, Otten D, Beutel ME, Speerforck S, Riedel-Heller SG, Ulke C, Brähler E. Mental resources, mental health and sociodemography: a cluster analysis based on a representative population survey in a large German city. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1827. [PMID: 37730594 PMCID: PMC10510265 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental resources such as optimism and social support are important to face different stressors. The aim of this study is to identify groups in the population that are similar in terms of their mental resources. METHODS For this purpose, a randomly selected general population community sample was used, representative for the city of Leipzig, Germany. In a two-stage process, three clusters were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis and the K-means method and then tested with a multinomial logistic regression analysis for differences in sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Three clusters were identified which vary in their extent of social support and optimism. In distinguishing between those with higher and lower (medium or poor) mental resources, male gender, unemployment, being born abroad and low household income are risk factors for having fewer mental resources. Internal migrants from West Germany and persons with children at home have a higher chance of being in the type with good mental resources. The groups with medium and lower mental resources differ significantly only by variables living with a partner and employment. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that good mental resources are associated with good mental health. Special mental health care programs, focusing in particular on the needs of vulnerable groups with poor mental resources within a society, should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Khachatryan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Daniëlle Otten
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Speerforck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Haus W, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Ulke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Zeng F, John WCM, Sun X, Wang Y. COVID-19-associated impact and post-traumatic stress symptoms 39 days after pandemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese college students: the mediating effecting of past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:379. [PMID: 37254082 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 outbreak, most Chinese college students were home-quarantined to prevent the spread of the virus. COVID-19-associated impact has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of post-traumatic symptoms disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. This study investigated the association between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD and examined whether past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support have mediating effects on this association. METHODS The 12,397 valid responses from 31cities in China via an online survey assessed PTSD symptoms, past stressful events, psychological resilience, social support and social-demographic variables. AMOS was used to test the hypotheses of mediating effects. RESULTS On the 39th day of the declared COVID-19 epidemic in China, 6.75% of the surveyed sample showed PTSD symptoms. A positive mediating effect of past stressful events was found between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD, whereas psychological resilience and social support had negative mediating effects. The fit indices for the path model were found to be significant (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), COVID-19-associated impact indirectly affects the risk of PTSD through mediating pathways (past stressful events → psychological resilience → social support) on PTSD. CONCLUSIONS Attention should be paid to the effects of past stressful events of Chinese college students who were home-quarantined during the COVID-19 epidemic, and strategies should also be implemented to improve social support and develop psychological resilience. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Southwest Minzu University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanmin Zeng
- Mental Health Education Centre of Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wong Chee Meng John
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital & National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueli Sun
- Mental Health Centre of West China Hospital in Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
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Adverse childhood experiences, sexual minority stigma, social support and depressive symptoms among Chinese men who have sex with men: A moderated mediation modelling analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Card KG, Skakoon-Sparling S. Are social support, loneliness, and social connection differentially associated with happiness across levels of introversion-extraversion? Health Psychol Open 2023; 10:20551029231184034. [PMID: 37426942 PMCID: PMC10328046 DOI: 10.1177/20551029231184034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines whether extraversion moderates the association between subjective happiness and measures of social connectedness using data from Canadian residents, aged 16+, recruited online during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (21 April 2021-1 June 2021). To accomplish this aim we tested the moderating effect of extraversion scores on the association between Subjective Happiness scores and several social health measures: Perceived Social Support, Loneliness, social network size, and time with friends. Among 949 participants, results show that lower social loneliness (p < .001) and higher social support from friends (p = .001) and from family (p = .007) was more strongly correlated with subjective happiness for people with low extraversion compared to those with high extroversion. Anti-loneliness interventions should consider the need to promote social connections among individuals across the introversion-extraversion continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiffer G Card
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- The Institute for Social Connection, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Shayna Skakoon-Sparling
- The Institute for Social Connection, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tan CS, Chin XY, Chng STC, Lee J, Ooi CS. Perceived Social Support Increases Creativity: Experimental Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811841. [PMID: 36142114 PMCID: PMC9517368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The literature has consistently shown that social support has a positive relationship with creativity. However, further investigation is needed to clarify the causal relationship between the two constructs. The present study addressed this need by exploring the impact of experimentally induced perceived social support on creativity among young adults. A total of 135 undergraduate students in Malaysia participated in an online experiment. All participants first answered the creative self-efficacy scale and were then randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. Perceived social support was primed by a writing test and measured by the Multidimensional Scales of Perceived Social Support. Both groups also answered a divergent thinking test (measured for fluency, flexibility, and originality) and a self-rated creativity scale. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that, after statistically controlling for the effect of creative self-efficacy, participants in the experimental group reported higher scores in perceived social support and all creativity measures than their counterparts in the control group. The results demonstrated that the manipulation is effective and the induced perceived social support leads to higher creativity. Our findings not only offer empirical evidence of the causality of social support and creativity but also has practical value for creativity development.
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Anxious Personality Traits: Perspectives from Basic Emotions and Neurotransmitters. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091141. [PMID: 36138877 PMCID: PMC9496710 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recently, many emotional diseases, such as anxiety and depression, have prevailed, and it is expected that emotional disease will be the leading cause of social and economic burden in 2030. These emotional diseases may be due to certain personality traits, which could be the reasons for the development of mental illness. Personality theories have been constantly developed over the past hundreds of years, and different dimensions of personality traits corresponding to different physiological bases and emotional feelings have been proposed. However, personality may be the least studied area in psychology. Methods: In this paper, we will give a short review on the development of personality theories as well as dimensional emotional theory. Then, we will compare the similarities between the emotional dimension and personality dimension. Furthermore, we will also investigate the neural mechanisms of personality and emotions, focusing on neuromodulators for anxiety-related personality traits, in order to provide a clear relationship between different neurotransmitters and anxiety-related personality traits. Results: The results of our study suggest that the emotional dimension and personality dimension may be somewhat related, for example, the extrovert/introvert dimension of personality might be related to the hedonic dimension, which includes happiness/sadness, and the neurotic dimensions might be related to emotional arousal. In addition, our study found that personality traits are also related to basic emotions, for instance, people who are too self-centered are prone to feeling a mood of disgust or depression, while anger and fear correspond to unstable personality traits. The analysis suggested that the neural substrates of both personality and emotions might be described as follows: extroverted–joy–dopamine (DA); introverted–disgust–5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT); unstable (neuroticism)–anger/fear–noradrenaline (NE); stable–calmness. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that there is a correlation between personality traits and emotions, and both depend on monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin). In addition, personality disorders can be interfered via the regulation of emotions and neurotransmitters. This paper opens up a whole new perspective for future research on personality traits and emotional diseases and has great clinical value and practical significance.
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Simões ÉV, Oliveira AMND, Pinho LBD, Oliveira SMD, Lourenção LG, Farias FLRD. Relationships of adolescents with suicidal behavior with social support networks. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022; 43:e20210033. [PMID: 35043877 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the relationships of adolescents with suicidal behavior established with social support networks. METHOD Qualitative study addressing ten adolescents with suicidal behavior cared for by a psychosocial care center attending children and adolescents located in southern Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were held in July 2020 via WhatsApp during the COVID-19 pandemic, and data were analyzed according to Minayo's thematic analysis. RESULTS Two categories emerged: Dynamics of the relationships established in the family support network and Relationships established with the remaining social support network members, which revealed a weak social support network established with friends and at the school context. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS This study enabled identifying how relationships are established in the social support networks and how these reflected on the adolescents' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilen Vieira Simões
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Adriane Maria Netto de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Leandro Barbosa de Pinho
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Stella Minasi de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Luciano Garcia Lourenção
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Yu T, Hu J. Extraversion and Neuroticism on College Freshmen's Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Social Support. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:822699. [PMID: 35340897 PMCID: PMC8942765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.822699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the direct effects of extraversion and neuroticism on college freshmen's depressive symptoms and their indirect effects via social support under the background of COVID-19. METHOD A total of 3,563 college freshmen were surveyed using the extraversion and neuroticism scales of the Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Partial correlation analyses and regression analyses were used. RESULTS (1) Extraversion had a significant and negative predictive effect on depressive symptoms, while neuroticism positively predicted depressive symptoms. The interaction effect between extraversion and neuroticism on depressive symptoms was also significant. Neuroticism had a greater impact on depressive symptoms in college freshmen with low levels of extraversion. (2) Furthermore, social support partially mediated the relationships between extraversion and depressive symptoms, and neuroticism and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Extraversion and neuroticism can directly affect college freshmen' s depressive symptoms, and have indirect effects via the mediating role of social support. Additionally, extraversion interacts with neuroticism, and extraversion plays a protective role in the effect of neuroticism on depressive symptoms. These findings help identify college freshmen at high risk of depression and design effective prevention or intervention measures for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxu Yu
- Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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12
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Tan CS, Chong SL, Masanda AB, George S. Psychometric Qualities Evaluation of the Interdependent Happiness Scale across Malaysia, Philippines, and India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010187. [PMID: 35010446 PMCID: PMC8751005 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The nine-item Interdependent Happiness Scale (IHS; Hitokoto & Uchida, 2015) is a self-report of interpersonal happiness that focuses on three dimensions: relationship-oriented happiness, quiescent happiness, and ordinary happiness. Few studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of the IHS in diverse cultural backgrounds and the findings are inconsistent. This study investigated whether the IHS has sound psychometric qualities in three Asian countries. University students from Malaysia (n = 263), Philippines (n = 239), and India (n = 310) answered the IHS and self-rated creativity scale. Confirmatory factor analysis on each sample supported the nine-item second-order model with error covariances. The overall IHS score showed good reliability in all samples. The subscales, however, had mixed results except for the Indian sample. Similarly, the convergent validity test showed mixed results while discriminant validity is supported in all samples except for the quiescent happiness subscale in the Indian sample. Concurrent validity was established across three samples by showing a positive relationship with creativity score. The results highlight that the higher-order structure of the IHS is consistently supported in different cultural contexts. However, some of the items are perceived differently and require further improvement in enhancing the cross-cultural usability of the IHS to measure socially-oriented happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Seng Tan
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Shue-Ling Chong
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Argel Bondoc Masanda
- Guidance Services Unit, Office of Student Affairs, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz 3119, Nueva Ecija, Philippines;
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Huansuriya T, Kruahiran P, Sriutaisuk S, Musa R. Construct validity and measurement invariance of the Asian Family Characteristics Scale in the Thai population. JOURNAL OF HEALTH RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jhr-06-2020-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to establish the psychometric properties of the Asian Family Characteristics Scale (AFCS) in the Thai population.
Design/methodology/approach
The 30-item AFCS originally developed in the Malay language was translated into Thai. Thai (n = 384) and Malay (n = 500) participants in Study 1 responded to the AFCS in their respective languages. The data were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis with a measurement invariance test. In Study 2, Thai participants (n = 495) filled out the AFCS and Chulalongkorn Family Index, International Personality Item Pool-NEO, Self-Compassion Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Satisfaction with Life Scale.
Findings
Study 1 showed that the measurement model of the Thai AFCS fit the data from the Thai population. The measurement invariance test confirmed that the structure and meaning of the AFCS are equivalent across the Thai and Malay samples. Study 2 demonstrated the AFCS's convergent validity by showing that the AFCS score had a positive correlation with the Chulalongkorn Family Inventory, self-compassion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, satisfaction with life and a negative correlation with neuroticism, depression, anxiety and stress. The AFCS's discriminant validity was supported by nonsignificant correlations with extraversion and openness to experience.
Originality/value
This paper is an attempt to develop a family characteristic measure specifically for the Asian population. The results provide empirical evidence for measurement invariance and validity of the scale in another Asian language, enhancing its cross-cultural generalizability.
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Long Q, Guo J, Zhong Q, Jiang S, Wiley J, Chen JL. General self-efficacy and social support as mediators of the association between perceived stress and quality of life among rural women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:1026-1036. [PMID: 33434309 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To explore the association between perceived stress and quality of life (QoL) and the mediating role of general self-efficacy and social support in this association. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases suffered by pregnant women. Women with previous GDM may experience more medical-related stress and have a lower QoL than those without it. A multisite correlational study. Four hundred sixty-five women with previous GDM living in rural areas in China participated in this study from November 2017 to June 2019. The participants completed a set of self-reported socio-demographic questionnaires, the Perceived Stress Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale and the World Health Organization QoL assessment (Brief version). STROBE checklist was used as the guideline for this study. The mean QoL score was 13.97 (SD 2.07) for physical health, 13.75 (SD 1.98) for psychological health, 14.96 (SD 1.99) for social relations and 12.49 (SD 1.74) for environmental conditions. About 43.9% of women with previous GDM reported increased stress, which was negatively correlated with each of these QoL domains. Yet, the negative effect of perceived stress on QoL could be completely or partly mediated by better social support or general self-efficacy among this population. Nearly half of the women in the study living in rural China reported increased stress after delivery, and there is room to improve QoL in the environmental domain among women with previous GDM. Increasing general self-efficacy or social support can help these women avoid the negative effects of perceived stress on their QoL. These findings suggest that healthcare providers need to be cognizant of the importance of self-efficacy and social support for women with previous GDM in both enhancing QoL and reducing the negative impact of perceived stress on QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Long
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinyi Zhong
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - James Wiley
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jyu-Lin Chen
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Chernova A, Frajo-Apor B, Pardeller S, Tutzer F, Plattner B, Haring C, Holzner B, Kemmler G, Marksteiner J, Miller C, Schmidt M, Sperner-Unterweger B, Hofer A. The Mediating Role of Resilience and Extraversion on Psychological Distress and Loneliness Among the General Population of Tyrol, Austria Between the First and the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:766261. [PMID: 34777068 PMCID: PMC8578839 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.766261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: During the first 3 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, the federal state of Tyrol, Austria had one of the strictest curfews in Austria and worldwide. The aim of the current study was to investigate the assumingly protective role of resilience and extraversion and its impact on mental health following such an uncertain and unpredictable situation. Methods: Between the first and the second wave of the pandemic, adult residents of Tyrol were invited to participate in an online survey. Next to the assessment of sociodemographic and COVID-19-related variables the Brief-Symptom-Checklist, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale, the Resilience Scaled, and the Big Five Inventory were used to assess psychological distress, loneliness, resilience, and extraversion. Mediation analysis was used to investigate the role of resilience and extraversion in the context of age-, sex-, and partnership- related differences in psychological distress and loneliness. Results: One hundred and forty-five participants took part in the survey (68.2% female). Overall, psychological distress and severe loneliness were more often detected in women and singles. They also were less resilient, while men and singles presented with a lower degree of extraversion. Study participants under the age of 30 experienced severe loneliness more frequently than older people, whereas psychological distress, resilience, and extraversion were comparable between age groups. Resilience significantly mediated the relationship between both study participants' sex and partnership situation on one hand and psychological distress and severe loneliness on the other. In addition, extraversion significantly mediated the relationship between participants' partnership situation and psychological distress. Discussion: Our findings suggest that women, singles, and young people may be particularly affected by the measures and sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions promoting resilience and extraversion among these groups are urgently needed to foster mental health. Ideally, they can be utilized at home in case of renewed mobility restrictions or quarantine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chernova
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Frajo-Apor
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Pardeller
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franziska Tutzer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Plattner
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Haring
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Kemmler
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Carl Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- Division of Psychiatry II, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alex Hofer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Zou R, Xu X, Hong X, Yuan J. Higher Socioeconomic Status Predicts Less Risk of Depression in Adolescence: Serial Mediating Roles of Social Support and Optimism. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1955. [PMID: 32849145 PMCID: PMC7425112 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is known to have a powerful influence on adolescent depression. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Here, we explore this issue by testing the potential mediating roles of social support (interpersonal resource) and optimism (intrapersonal resource), based on the predictions of the reserve capacity model (RCM). Participants were 652 adolescents [age range: 11-20 years old, M age = 14.55 years, SD = 1.82; 338 boys (51.80%)] from two junior and two senior high schools in Wuhan, China. They completed questionnaires measuring family SES, perceived social support, optimism, and depression. Results showed, as predicted, (1) SES negatively predicted adolescent depression; (2) social support and optimism serially mediated the relations between SES and depression, consistent with the predictions by the RCM. Specifically, higher SES predicted greater social support and increased optimism, which in turn contributed to reduced depression. The implications of these data to the prevention and interventions of adolescent depression were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobin Hong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajin Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
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