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Jacquemyn X, Kutty S, Manlhiot C. The Lifelong Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Clinical Prediction Models on Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot. CJC PEDIATRIC AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 2023; 2:440-452. [PMID: 38161675 PMCID: PMC10755786 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjcpc.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Medical advancements in the diagnosis, surgical techniques, perioperative care, and continued care throughout childhood have transformed the outlook for individuals with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), improving survival and shifting the perspective towards lifelong care. However, with a growing population of survivors, longstanding challenges have been accentuated, and new challenges have surfaced, necessitating a re-evaluation of TOF care. Availability of prenatal diagnostics, insufficient information from traditional imaging techniques, previously unforeseen medical complications, and debates surrounding optimal timing and indications for reintervention are among the emerging issues. To address these challenges, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning holds great promise as they have the potential to revolutionize patient management and positively impact lifelong outcomes for individuals with TOF. Innovative applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning have spanned across multiple domains of TOF care, including screening and diagnosis, automated image processing and interpretation, clinical risk stratification, and planning and performing cardiac interventions. By embracing these advancements and incorporating them into routine clinical practice, personalized medicine could be delivered, leading to the best possible outcomes for patients. In this review, we provide an overview of these evolving applications and emphasize the challenges, limitations, and future potential for integrating them into clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xander Jacquemyn
- Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shelby Kutty
- Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cedric Manlhiot
- Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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2
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Aliasi M, Mastenbroek M, Papakosta S, van Geloven N, Haak MC. Birthweight of children with isolated congenital heart disease-A sibling analysis study. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:639-646. [PMID: 36811197 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with decreased birthweight (BW) compared to population-based references. The aim of this study was to compare the BW of isolated CHD cases to their siblings, thus controlling for unknown and unmeasured confounders within the family. METHODS All isolated CHD cases in the Leiden University Medical Center were included (2002-2019). Generalized estimated equation models were constructed to compare BW z scores of CHD neonates with their siblings. Cases were clustered to minor or severe CHD and stratified according to the aortic flow and oxygenation to the brain. RESULTS The overall BW z score of siblings was 0.032 (n = 471). The BW z score was significantly lower in CHD cases (n = 291) compared to their siblings (-0.20, p = 0.005). The results were consistent in the subgroup analysis of severe and minor CHD (BW z score difference -0.20 and -0.10), but did not differ significantly (p = 0.63). Stratified analysis regarding flow and oxygenation showed no BW difference between the groups (p = 0.1). CONCLUSION Isolated CHD cases display a significantly lower BW z score compared to their siblings. As the siblings of these CHD cases show a BW distribution similar to the general population, this suggests that shared environmental and maternal influences between siblings do not explain the difference in BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moska Aliasi
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Malou Mastenbroek
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Styliani Papakosta
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nan van Geloven
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C Haak
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Moras P, Pasquini L, Rizzo G, Campanale CM, Masci M, Di Chiara L, Falasconi G, Bagolan P, Toscano A. Prenatal prediction of Shone's complex. The role of the degree of ventricular disproportion and speckle-tracking analysis. J Perinat Med 2022; 51:550-558. [PMID: 36420537 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2022-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shone's complex (SC) is characterized by sequential obstructions of left ventricular (LV) inflow and outflow. It can be associated with poor long-term prognosis when compared to Simple-Aortic Coarctation (S-CoA). We aimed to assess whether the degree of ventricular disproportion and 2D-speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) could improve the accuracy of prenatal prediction of SC. METHODS 75 consecutive fetuses were retrospectively enrolled from January 2010 to June 2021. Fetuses were divided into 4 groups (Group 1: SC; Group 2: S-CoA; Group 3: False Positive-Coarctation of the Aorta [FP-CoA]; group 4: controls). Comparisons for echocardiographic measures and myocardial deformation indices were performed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed on the MV/TV (mitral valve/tricuspid valve ratio) and LV GLS (global longitudinal strain) values to identify cut-offs to separate group 1 and 2 fetuses. RESULTS SC fetuses showed a significant reduction in MV/TV when compared to S-CoA and FP-CoA fetuses (p<0.001). LV GLS in SC fetuses was significantly reduced compared to S-CoA fetuses (-13.3 ± 2.1% vs. -17.0 ± 2.2%, p=0.001). A cut-off value of 0.59 for MV/TV and -15.35% for LV GLS yielded a sensitivity of 76 and 82% and a specificity of 71 and 83% respectively in separating SC vs. S-CoA fetuses. CONCLUSIONS SC fetuses showed a more severe degree of ventricular disproportion and a lower LV GLS compared to S-CoA, FP-CoA and control fetuses. MV/TV and GLS are both predictors of SC. These findings may improve the quality of prenatal parental counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Moras
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical for Fetus-Neonate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Pediatric Department, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Pasquini
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical for Fetus-Neonate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rizzo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo Marco Campanale
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical for Fetus-Neonate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Masci
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical for Fetus-Neonate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Di Chiara
- Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Bagolan
- Neonatal Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toscano
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical for Fetus-Neonate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Deng L, Lu Y, Yang D, Yang F, Ruan H, Wei C, Lai K, Pang L. Placental transcriptome sequencing combined with bioinformatics predicts potential genes and circular RNAs associated with hemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 48:313-327. [PMID: 34935248 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Hemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) is the most severe form of α-thalassemia. Histological alternations can be observed in placenta, but placental transcriptome profile and circular RNAs have not been studied in this disease. The aim of this study was to define the placental transcriptional changes and find relevant circular RNAs in BHFS. METHODS We performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to detect placental samples from fetuses affected by BHFS (n = 5) and normal fetuses (NF, n = 5), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and Sanger sequencing to validate the differentially expressed circRNAs and their potentially related miRNAs (BHFS, n = 22; NF, n = 11). Bioinformatics methods were performed for further analysis. RESULTS Our results showed 152 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 112 circRNAs, and 45 microRNAs that were differentially expressed. DEGs were found to be involved in Gene Ontology terms related to gas transport, cell adhesion, oxidative stress, organ development, hemopoiesis, and others. RT-qPCR results showed that hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 were upregulated (p < 0.05). The competing endogenous RNA and co-expression networks showed that hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 were connected with 3 miRNAs and some DEGs, including cell adhesion genes (e.g., CLDN19), hemoglobin related genes (e.g., SOX6 and HBZ) and angiogenesis related genes (e.g., EPHB2). Downregulations of hsa-miR-1299 and hsa-miR-625-5p in ceRNA network were also validated by RT-qPCR. Gene set enrichment analysis results for the two circRNAs showed that some gene sets associated with cell adhesion, hematopoietic system and apoptosis were significantly enriched. CONCLUSIONS Our study characterized the placental transcriptome of BHFS. The circRNAs hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 in placenta may be relevant to BHFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Deng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yebin Lu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Gaungxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Heyun Ruan
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Ketong Lai
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lihong Pang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Snoep MC, Aliasi M, van der Meeren LE, Jongbloed MRM, DeRuiter MC, Haak MC. Placenta morphology and biomarkers in pregnancies with congenital heart disease - A systematic review. Placenta 2021; 112:189-196. [PMID: 34388551 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Impaired placentation is an important contributing factor to intra-uterine growth restriction and pre-eclampsia in fetuses with congenital heart defects (CHD). These pregnancy complications occur more frequently in pregnancies with fetal CHD. One of the most important factors influencing the life of children with CHD is neurodevelopmental delay, which seems to start already in utero. Delayed neurodevelopment in utero may be correlated or even (partly) explained by impaired placentation in CHD cases. This systematic review provides an overview of published literature on placental development in pregnancies with fetal CHD. A systematic search was performed and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to access data quality. Primary outcomes were placenta size and weight, vascular and villous architecture, immunohistochemistry, angiogenic biomarkers and/or placental gene expression. A total of 1161 articles were reviewed and 21 studies were included. Studies including CHD with a genetic disorder or syndrome and/or multiple pregnancies were excluded. Lower placental weight and elevated rates of abnormal umbilical cord insertions were found in CHD. Cases with CHD more frequently showed microscopic placental abnormalities (i.e. abnormal villous maturation and increased maternal vascular malperfusion lesions), reduced levels of angiogenic biomarkers and increased levels of anti-angiogenic biomarkers in maternal serum and umbilical cord blood. Altered gene expression involved in placental development and fetal growth were found in maternal serum and CHD placentas. In conclusion, abnormal placentation is found in CHD. More extensive studies are needed to elucidate the contribution of impaired placentation to delayed neurodevelopment in CHD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje C Snoep
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Moska Aliasi
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Monique R M Jongbloed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marco C DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Monique C Haak
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ledesma-Pacheco SJ, Benavides-Aguilar JA, Torres-Copado A, Morales-Rodríguez JI, De Donato M, Srivastava A. Roles of microRNAs in chronic pediatric diseases and their use as potential biomarkers: A review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108763. [PMID: 33460581 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding highly conserved RNA molecules that can act as master regulators of gene expression in a sequence-specific manner either by translation repression or mRNA degradation, influencing a wide range of biologic processes that are essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Chronic pediatric diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide among children and the recent evidence indicates that aberrant miRNA expression significantly contributes to the development of chronic pediatric diseases. This review focuses on the role of miRNAs in five major chronic pediatric diseases including bronchial asthma, congenital heart diseases, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy, and their potential use as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico.
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - S Janin Ledesma-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Javier A Benavides-Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Jonathan I Morales-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Marcos De Donato
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
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Sanapo L, Donofrio MT, Ahmadzia HK, Gimovsky AC, Mohamed MA. The association of maternal hypertensive disorders with neonatal congenital heart disease: analysis of a United States cohort. J Perinatol 2020; 40:1617-1624. [PMID: 32859942 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-00795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of any type of maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and neonatal congenital heart diseases (CHD). STUDY DESIGN We compared the prevalence of CHD between neonates born to mothers with HDP to those delivered to mothers without HDP among 24,525,889 hospital records of living infants, from a national database. We controlled for multiple confounding factors by using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Infants delivered to mothers with HDP had higher prevalence of CHD compared to infants born to mothers without HDP [5.20% vs. 1.47%; aOR: 2.51(2.38-2.64), p < 0.001]. Maternal diabetes was more frequent among infants born to mothers with HDP and was independently associated with CHD [aOR 5.14 (5.04-5.23), p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION Infants born to mothers with hypertension had almost a threefold increase in CHD compared with those born to mothers without hypertension. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanism and direction of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sanapo
- Women's Medicine Collaborative-Division of Research, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Mary T Donofrio
- Division of Fetal and Translational Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Homa K Ahmadzia
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexis C Gimovsky
- Women & Infants Hospital, Brown University, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mohamed A Mohamed
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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Asrani P, Pinto NM, Puchalski MD, Ou Z, Silver RM, Zinkhan EK, Heuser CC, Nance A, Miller TA. Maternal Predictors of Disparate Outcomes in Children With Single Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014363. [PMID: 32515252 PMCID: PMC7429050 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Significant variability in morbidity and mortality persists for children with functionally single ventricle congenital heart disease (SV-CHD) despite standardization in medical and surgical care. We hypothesized that maternal health factors may be associated with an increased risk of poor outcomes in children with SV-CHD. Methods and Results This retrospective, observational, cohort study included term maternal-infant pairs with a diagnosis of SV-CHD who underwent surgical palliation from 2006 to 2015 at Primary Children's Hospital. Pairs lacking maternal variables of interest or infant follow-up data were excluded. The association of maternal risk factors of abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index, abnormal gestational weight gain (<7 or >20 kg), hypertensive disorders, and gestational diabetes mellitus with death/transplant and hemodynamics were analyzed using regression models. Of 190 infants, 135 (71%) maternal-infant dyads had complete data for inclusion. Death or transplant occurred in 48 infants (36%) during an average follow-up of 2.2 years (0.1-11.7 years). Abnormal gestational weight gain was associated with an increased risk of death and/or transplant in logistic regression (odds ratio, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.32-7.86; P=0.01), but not Cox regression (hazard ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.7; P=0.055). Mean pulmonary artery pressures were higher in the setting of abnormal gestational weight gain (16.5±2.9 versus 14.7±3.0 mm Hg; P<0.001), and abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index (15.7±3.5 versus 14.2±2.1 mm Hg; P<0.001) in the systemic right ventricle group. Conclusions Abnormal gestational weight gain (excessive or inadequate) is a novel risk factor for worse outcomes in SV-CHD. The fetoplacental environment may alter the trajectory of vascular development to impact outcomes in infants with SV-CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Asrani
- Division of Pediatric CardiologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Nelangi M. Pinto
- Division of Pediatric CardiologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Michael D. Puchalski
- Division of Pediatric CardiologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Zhining Ou
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science Study Design and Biostatistics CenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Robert M. Silver
- Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Erin K. Zinkhan
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Cara C. Heuser
- Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Amy Nance
- Utah Birth Defects NetworkUtah Department of HealthSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Thomas A. Miller
- Division of Pediatric CardiologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
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Xie H, Hong N, Zhang E, Li F, Sun K, Yu Y. Identification of Rare Copy Number Variants Associated With Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect. Front Genet 2019; 10:15. [PMID: 30745907 PMCID: PMC6360179 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are major variations contributing to the gene heterogeneity of congenital heart diseases (CHD). pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD) is a rare form of cyanotic CHD characterized by complex manifestations and the genetic determinants underlying PA-VSD are still largely unknown. We investigated rare CNVs in a recruited cohort of 100 unrelated patients with PA-VSD, PA-IVS, or TOF and a population-matched control cohort of 100 healthy children using whole-exome sequencing. Comparing rare CNVs in PA-VSD cases and that in PA-IVS or TOF positive controls, we observed twenty-two rare CNVs only in PA-VSD, five rare CNVs only in PA-VSD and TOF as well as thirteen rare CNVs only in PA-VSD and PA-IVS. Six of these CNVs were considered pathogenic or potentially pathogenic to PA-VSD: 16p11.2 del (PPP4C and TBX6), 5q35.3 del (FLT4), 5p13.1 del (RICTOR), 6p21.33 dup (TNXB), 7p15.2 del (HNRNPA2B1), and 19p13.3 dup (FGF22). The gene networks showed that four putative candidate genes for PA-VSD, PPP4C, FLT4, RICTOR, and FGF22 had strong interaction with well-known cardiac genes relevant to heart or blood vessel development. Meanwhile, the analysis of transcriptome array revealed that PPP4C and RICTOR were also significantly expressed in human embryonic heart. In conclusion, three rare novel CNVs were identified only in PA-VSD: 16p11.2 del (PPP4C), 5q35.3 del (FLT4) and 5p13.1 del (RICTOR), implicating novel candidate genes of interest for PA-VSD. Our study provided new insights into understanding for the pathogenesis of PA-VSD and helped elucidate critical genes for PA-VSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Xie
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nanchao Hong
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erge Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Biró O, Rigó J, Nagy B. Noninvasive prenatal testing for congenital heart disease - cell-free nucleic acid and protein biomarkers in maternal blood. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:1044-1050. [PMID: 30078353 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1508437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Context: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common fetal malformation. Prenatal ultrasonography is routinely applied for the screening of CHD but many factors influence its diagnostic accuracy. The introduction of new biomarkers could facilitate the identification of high-risk pregnancies.Objective: In our review, our aim was to collect expression studies of cell-free nucleic acids and proteins in maternal circulation. Syndromic CHDs which can be detected by noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) techniques were also discussed.Methods: PubMed and Web of Science databases were screened for studies where the levels of potential CHD biomarkers were measured in maternal blood samples. Available NIPT tests were collected from the providers' resources.Results: There are nine CHD-associated chromosomal abnormalities, five aneuploidies, and four microdeletions, which are included in NIPT panels. We found eight articles from which five included the analysis of specific cell-free RNA expression and three measurements of protein levels.Conclusions: Most of the common heart-related chromosomal aberrations can be diagnosed by NIPT. Specific cell-free RNAs and circulating proteins seem to be potential biomarkers for fetal CHDs. The application of these new biomarkers could improve the detection rate at early pregnancy, making it possible to provide optimal perinatal and perioperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Biró
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Contro E, Stefani L, Berto S, Lapucci C, Arcelli D, Prandstraller D, Perolo A, Rizzo N, Farina A. Circulating mRNA in Maternal Plasma at the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: A Possible Screening Tool for Cardiac Conotruncal and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Abnormalities. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 21:653-661. [PMID: 28744745 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal plasma is a source of circulating placental nucleic acids. This study was designed to detect aberrantly expressed placental mRNA genes circulating in the maternal plasma of pregnancies affected with fetal conotruncal anomalies (CNTRA) and left-ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS This was a retrospective monocentric study conducted from 1 Jan 2016 to 31 Dec 2016. NanoString technology was used to identify aberrantly expressed genes, comparing 36 women carrying a fetus with CNTRA or LVOT obstruction to 42 controls at 19-24 weeks of gestation. The genes with differential expression were subsequently tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Linear discriminant analysis was used to combine all the mRNA species with discriminant ability for CNTRA and LVOT obstruction. A multivariable receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve having the estimated discriminant score as an explanatory variable was generated for the two affected groups versus controls. RESULTS Three genes with differential expression, namely MAPK1, IQGAP1 and Visfatin were found. The ROC curves yielded detection rates of 60 and 62.5% at a false-positive rate of 5% for CNTRA and LVOT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that molecular screening of CNTRA and LVOT obstruction in the second trimester is feasible. Prospective studies are needed to test the discriminant ability of these genes and to calculate the predictive positive value in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Contro
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Diego Arcelli
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Prandstraller
- Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Perolo
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzo
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Chen L, Guan J, Wei Q, Yuan Z, Zhang M. Potential role of "omics" technique in prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 482:185-190. [PMID: 29649453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart defect (CHD) is one of the most common birth defects and is the leading cause of neonatal death. Currently, there are no biomarkers available for prenatal diagnosis of CHD. Clinical strategies to diagnose CHD mostly depend on fetal echocardiography. Recent advances in "omics" techniques have opened up new possibilities for biomarker discoveries. In this review, we discuss recent advances in prenatal detection of CHD using biomarkers obtained by "omics" approaches, including genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and others. There is great potential in obtaining various kinds of parameters using "omics" studies to facilitate early and accurate diagnosis of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Johnny Guan
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qiuju Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China..
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Levels of Circulating mRNA for the Tenascin-X (TNXB) Gene in Maternal Plasma at the Second Trimester in Pregnancies with Isolated Congenital Ventricular Septal Defects. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:235-240. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Non-Invasive Placental Perfusion Imaging in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Heart Disease Using Velocity-Selective Arterial Spin Labeled MRI. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16126. [PMID: 29170468 PMCID: PMC5700998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a vital organ for fetal growth and development during pregnancy. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. Despite the parallel development of the placenta and fetal heart early in pregnancy, very few studies suggested an association between placental dysfunction and fetal CHD. In this study, we report placental perfusion of healthy pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by fetal CHD measured using advanced fetal MRI techniques. We studied forty-eight pregnant women (31 healthy volunteers and 17 with fetal CHD) that underwent fetal MRI during their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Placental perfusion imaging was performed using velocity-selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL) and 3D image acquisition with whole-placenta coverage. In pregnancies with fetal CHD, global placental perfusion significantly decreased and regional variation of placental perfusion significantly increased with advancing gestational age; however, no such correlation was found in healthy pregnancies. Also, global placental perfusion was significantly higher in fetal CHD versus controls, in the lateral side-lying patient position versus supine, and in the posterior placental position versus anterior placental position. This study reports for the first time non-invasive whole-placenta perfusion imaging in utero. These data suggest that placental VSASL may serve as a potential biomarker of placental dysfunction in fetuses diagnosed with CHD.
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Measuring circulating placental RNAs to non-invasively assess the placental transcriptome and to predict pregnancy complications. Prenat Diagn 2016; 36:997-1008. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Curti A, Lapucci C, Berto S, Prandstraller D, Perolo A, Rizzo N, Farina A. Maternal plasma mRNA species in fetal heart defects: a potential for molecular screening. Prenat Diagn 2016; 36:738-43. [PMID: 27257136 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the hypothesis that aberrant placental mRNA genes related to cardiogenesis can be detected in maternal plasma at the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS NanoString technology was used to identify aberrant genes, comparing 39 women carrying a fetus with a congenital heart defect (CHD) to 31 controls at 19-24 weeks of gestation. The genes with differential expression were subsequently tested using real time polymerase chain reaction. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to combine all the mRNA species with discriminant ability for CHD. A multivariable receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve having the estimated discriminant score as an explanatory variable was generated. RESULTS Six genes with differential expression, namely FALZ, PAPP-A, PRKACB, SAV1, STK4 and TNXB2, were found. The ROC curve yielded a detection rate of 66.7% at a false positive rate of 10%. A higher discriminant score (>75(th) centile) was reached for 14 CHD cases (82.4%) and only 1 control (5.8%). Two cases (11.8%) of heart rhythm disorders also yielded a discriminant score value >75(th) centile. CONCLUSION These data represent a step forward in the screening of CHDs. Additional studies are needed to detect more mRNAs with discriminant ability and to move the first trimester screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Curti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Prandstraller
- Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Perolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Farina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Eidem HR, Ackerman WE, McGary KL, Abbot P, Rokas A. Gestational tissue transcriptomics in term and preterm human pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:27. [PMID: 26044726 PMCID: PMC4456776 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB), or birth before 37 weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of newborn death worldwide. PTB is a critical area of scientific study not only due to its worldwide toll on human lives and economies, but also due to our limited understanding of its pathogenesis and, therefore, its prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes the landscape of PTB transcriptomics research to further our understanding of the genes and pathways involved in PTB subtypes. METHODS We evaluated published genome-wide pregnancy studies across gestational tissues and pathologies, including those that focus on PTB, by performing a targeted PubMed MeSH search and systematically reviewing all relevant studies. RESULTS Our search yielded 2,361 studies on gestational tissues including placenta, decidua, myometrium, maternal blood, cervix, fetal membranes (chorion and amnion), umbilical cord, fetal blood, and basal plate. Selecting only those original research studies that measured transcription on a genome-wide scale and reported lists of expressed genetic elements identified 93 gene expression, 21 microRNA, and 20 methylation studies. Although 30 % of all PTB cases are due to medical indications, 76 % of the preterm studies focused on them. In contrast, only 18 % of the preterm studies focused on spontaneous onset of labor, which is responsible for 45 % of all PTB cases. Furthermore, only 23 of the 10,993 unique genetic elements reported to be transcriptionally active were recovered 10 or more times in these 134 studies. Meta-analysis of the 93 gene expression studies across 9 distinct gestational tissues and 29 clinical phenotypes showed limited overlap of genes identified as differentially expressed across studies. CONCLUSIONS Overall, profiles of differentially expressed genes were highly heterogeneous both between as well as within clinical subtypes and tissues as well as between studies of the same clinical subtype and tissue. These results suggest that large gaps still exist in the transcriptomic study of specific clinical subtypes as well in the generation of the transcriptional profile of well-studied clinical subtypes; understanding the complex landscape of prematurity will require large-scale, systematic genome-wide analyses of human gestational tissues on both understudied and well-studied subtypes alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley R Eidem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - William E Ackerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Kriston L McGary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Patrick Abbot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
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Curti A, Zucchini C, De Maggio I, Ismail YS, Morano D, Falcone V, Meriggiola MC, Farina A. Fetal cardiac defects and third-trimester maternal serum placental growth factor. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2015; 45:751-752. [PMID: 25488892 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Curti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Zucchini
- Department of Specialist, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - I De Maggio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Y S Ismail
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Morano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - V Falcone
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - M C Meriggiola
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Farina
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 13 Via Massarenti, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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Zucchini C, Montesanto I, Falcone V, Azzaroli F, Pittalis MC, Farina A. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: mRNAs for LIPF and ELOVL4 Genes Are Not Detectable in Circulating Maternal Plasma. Fetal Diagn Ther 2014; 38:238-40. [PMID: 25059952 DOI: 10.1159/000361018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Zucchini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Farina A. The Role of RNAs and microRNAs in Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2014; 3:440-52. [PMID: 26237384 PMCID: PMC4449680 DOI: 10.3390/jcm3020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, all possible clinical applications of circulating mRNA and miRNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis appearing in the medical literature so far are described. Data from the literature have also been reported and commented on along with some possible future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Farina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Division of Prenatal Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.
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21
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Farina A, Arcelli D. Congenital heart defects: is it time to explore maternal blood for a non-invasive genetic screening test? ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2014; 43:109-110. [PMID: 24265201 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Farina
- Division of Prenatal Medicine, DIMEC University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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22
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Tremante E, Ginebri A, Lo Monaco E, Benassi B, Frascione P, Grammatico P, Cappellacci S, Catricalà C, Arcelli D, Natali PG, Di Filippo F, Mottolese M, Visca P, Benevolo M, Giacomini P. A melanoma immune response signature including Human Leukocyte Antigen-E. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2014; 27:103-12. [PMID: 24011128 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Paired cultures of early-passage melanoma cells and melanocytes were established from metastatic lesions and the uninvolved skin of five patients. In this stringent autologous setting, cDNA profiling was used to analyze a subset of 1477 genes selected by the Gene Ontology term 'immune response'. Human Leukocyte Antigen E (HLA-E) was ranked 19th among melanoma-overexpressed genes and was embedded in a transformation signature including its preferred peptide ligand donors HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-G. Mostly undetectable in normal skin and 39 nevi (including rare and atypical lesions), HLA-E was detected by immunohistochemistry in 17/30 (57%) and 32/48 (67%) primary and metastatic lesions, respectively. Accordingly, surface HLA-E was higher on melanoma cells than on melanocytes and protected the former (6/6 cell lines) from lysis by natural killer (NK) cells, functionally counteracting co-expressed triggering ligands. Although lacking HLA-E, melanocytes (4/4 cultures) were nevertheless (and surprisingly) fully protected from NK cell lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tremante
- Laboratory of Immunology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Llurba E, Syngelaki A, Sánchez O, Carreras E, Cabero L, Nicolaides KH. Maternal serum placental growth factor at 11-13 weeks' gestation and fetal cardiac defects. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2013; 42:169-74. [PMID: 23151971 DOI: 10.1002/uog.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between fetal heart defects and maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF), a marker of placental angiogenesis. METHODS Maternal serum PlGF, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at 11-13 weeks' gestation were compared in 68 cases of isolated fetal major heart defects and 340 normal controls. Variables were converted into multiples of the median (MoM) after adjustment for gestational age, maternal age, racial origin, weight, parity and method of conception, and then compared between groups. The cardiac defects included 11 cases of obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), 25 conotruncal abnormalities and 32 valve defects. RESULTS The median PlGF-MoM in the heart defect group was lower than in controls (0.80 (interquartile range (IQR), 0.57-1.08) vs 1.00 (IQR, 0.79-1.32); P < 0.0001). Low PlGF levels were observed in the presence of conotruncal and valve defects but not in the presence of LVOT defects. There was no significant difference between the group with fetal heart defects and controls in PAPP-A-MoM (0.95 (IQR, 0.68-1.28) vs 1.01 (IQR, 0.70-1.39); P = 0.292) or UtA-PI-MoM (1.01 (IQR, 0.84-1.28) vs 0.99 (IQR, 0.80-1.20); P = 0.396). CONCLUSION In pregnancies with isolated fetal heart defects there is evidence of impaired placental angiogenesis in the absence of impaired placental perfusion and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Llurba
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ayala-Ramírez P, García-Robles R, Bernal J, Bermúdez M. Detección de ácidos nucleicos fetales en plasma materno: hacia un diagnóstico prenatal no invasivo. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Narducci MG, Arcelli D, Picchio MC, Lazzeri C, Pagani E, Sampogna F, Scala E, Fadda P, Cristofoletti C, Facchiano A, Frontani M, Monopoli A, Ferracin M, Negrini M, Lombardo GA, Caprini E, Russo G. MicroRNA profiling reveals that miR-21, miR486 and miR-214 are upregulated and involved in cell survival in Sézary syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e151. [PMID: 21525938 PMCID: PMC3122063 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is an incurable leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and its pathogenesis is still unknown. Diagnosis/prognosis may strongly ameliorate the management of SS individuals. Here, we profiled the expression of 470 microRNAs (miRNAs) in a cohort of 22 SS patients, and we identified 45 miRNAs differentially expressed between SS and controls. Using predictive analysis, a list of 19 miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-214, miR-486, miR-18a, miR-342, miR-31 and let-7 members were also found. Moreover, we defined a signature of 14 miRNAs including again miR-21, potentially able to discriminate patients with unfavorable and favorable outcome. We validated our data for miR-21, miR-214 and miR-486 by qRT-PCR, including an additional set of array-independent SS cases. In addition, we also provide an in vitro evidence for a contribution of miR-214, miR-486 and miR-21 to apoptotic resistance of CTCL cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Narducci
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2011; 26:165-73. [PMID: 21307667 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e328344b569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu Z, Han S, Hu P, Zhu C, Wang X, Qian L, Guo X. Potential role of maternal serum microRNAs as a biomarker for fetal congenital heart defects. Med Hypotheses 2010; 76:424-6. [PMID: 21146323 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common form of major birth defect, affecting almost 1% of live births. These defects place a significant economic burden on the National Health Service and on the psychological wellbeing of affected families. The early screening and identification of neonates with CHD could reduce morbidity and mortality by allowing proactive medical treatment and parental counseling about options during pregnancy, including termination. Fetal echocardiography is the principal screening tool for the identification of CHD, but its accuracy mainly depends on the skill and experience of the operator. Various biomarkers of screening for fetal CHD are currently available, such as nuchal translucency (NT), β-hCG and PAPP-A; however, these are non-specific indexes with high incidences of false positive results. Certain specific microRNAs (miRNAs) of cardiogenesis have been identified, which correlate positively with placental miRNA expression. These miRNAs of placental origin can be detected in maternal peripheral blood. Therefore, we postulate that these maternal serum miRNAs may be a potential biomarker for fetal CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, PR China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Research into cell-free fetal (cff) nucleic acids has primarily focused on maternal plasma; however, cff DNA and RNA are also detectable in other body fluids such as amniotic fluid (AF). In AF, cff DNA is present in much greater concentrations than in maternal plasma and represents a pure fetal sample uncontaminated by maternal- and trophoblast-derived nucleic acids. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on cff nucleic acids in AF and to outline future research directions. METHODS MEDLINE and PREMEDLINE were searched up to August 2010 for original investigations of cell-free RNA or DNA in AF. Sixteen studies were included in the review. RESULTS AF cff DNA represents a physiologically separate pool from cff DNA in maternal plasma. The placenta is not a major source of nucleic acids in AF. It is feasible to isolate cff nucleic acids from small volumes of discarded AF supernatant in sufficient quality and quantity to perform microarray studies and downstream applications such as pathway analysis. This 'discovery-driven approach' has resulted in new information on the pathogenesis of Down syndrome and polyhydramnios. There is otherwise a paucity of information relating to the basic biology and clinical applications of cff nucleic acids in AF. CONCLUSIONS AF supernatant is a valuable and widely available but under-utilized biological resource. Further studies of cff nucleic acids in AF may lead to new insights into human fetal development and ultimately new approaches to antenatal treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hui
- Mother Infant Research Institute at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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