1
|
Zhou Y, Chen T. Combining foam injection molding with batch foaming to improve cell density and control cellular orientation via multiple gas dissolution and desorption processes. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Guo Zhou
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringJiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture and Process for Marine Mechanical EquipmentJiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Tuo‐Yang Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringJiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Injection moulding is a well-established replication process for the cost-effective manufacture of polymer-based components. The process has different applications in fields such as medical, automotive and aerospace. To expand the use of polymers to meet growing consumer demands for increased functionality, advanced injection moulding processes have been developed that modifies the polymer to create microcellular structures. Through the creation of microcellular materials, additional functionality can be gained through polymer component weight and processing energy reduction. Microcellular injection moulding shows high potential in creating innovation green manufacturing platforms. This review article aims to present the significant developments that have been achieved in different aspects of microcellular injection moulding. Aspects covered include core-back, gas counter pressure, variable thermal tool moulding and other advanced technologies. The resulting characteristics of creating microcellular injection moulding components through both plasticising agents and nucleating agents are presented. In addition, the article highlights potential areas for research exploitation. In particular, acoustic and thermal applications, nano-cellular injection moulding parts and developments of more accurate simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Rees
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong G, Zhao G, Hou J, Wang G, Mu Y. Effects of dynamic mold temperature control on melt pressure, cellular structure, and mechanical properties of microcellular injection-molded parts: An experimental study. CELLULAR POLYMERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0262489319871741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of dynamic mold temperature control (DMTC) on melt pressure, cellular structure, and mechanical properties of microcellular injection molding (MIM)-molded parts are investigated experimentally. It is found that with the increase of the mold temperature, the duration of foaming pressure in the cooling stage increases. Meanwhile, the average cell diameter and cell diameter dispersion increases as well as the cell density decreases in MIM molded parts. The turning point of mold temperature after which the foaming pressure in the cooling stage and the cellular structure in MIM molded parts generate a significant change is around the glass transition temperature of the used plastic material. Under DMTC conditions, with the increase of mold temperature, the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength of MIM molded specimens of single gate without weld line change a little, while the tensile strength, flexural strength of MIM molded specimens of double gates with weld line increase obviously. When the mold temperature increases to 120°C and over, the tensile strength, flexural strength of MIM molded specimens of double gates with weld line reach an equivalent level of specimens of single gate without weld line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiwei Dong
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junji Hou
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guilong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Mu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie P, Wu G, Cao Z, Han Z, Zhang Y, An Y, Yang W. Effect of Mold Opening Process on Microporous Structure and Properties of Microcellular Polylactide⁻Polylactide Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10050554. [PMID: 30966588 PMCID: PMC6415379 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell structure is a key factor that determines the final properties of microcellular polylactide (PLA) product. In the mold opening process, adjusting the rate of mold opening can effectively control cell structure. PLA and PLA composites with a void fraction as high as 50% were fabricated using the mold opening technique. The effects of mold opening rate and the addition of nanoclay on the cell structure, mechanical properties, and surface quality of microcellular PLA and PLA composites samples were investigated. The results showed that finer cell structure was received in the microcellular PLA samples and the surface quality was improved effectively when decreasing the rate of mold opening. The effect of mold opening rate on the foaming behavior of microcellular PLA⁻nanoclay was the same as that of microcellular PLA. The addition of 5 wt % nanoclay significantly improved the foaming properties, such as cell density, cell size, and structural uniformity, which consequently enhanced the mechanical properties of foams and the surface quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xie
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Gaojian Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhida Cao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhizhong Han
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Youchen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Ying An
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Weimin Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Reglero Ruiz JA, Vallejos S, Sanjuán AM, García FC, Múgica M, Rodríguez-Pérez MÁ, García JM. Microcellular polymeric foams based on 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and butyl-acrylate with tuned thermal conductivity. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Reglero Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001 Spain
| | - Saúl Vallejos
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001 Spain
| | - Ana M. Sanjuán
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001 Spain
| | - Félix C. García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001 Spain
| | - Mikel Múgica
- Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; Universidad de Valladolid; Paseo Belén 7, Campus “Miguel Delibes”, Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; Universidad de Valladolid; Paseo Belén 7, Campus “Miguel Delibes”, Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - José M. García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, Burgos 09001 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong G, Zhao G, Zhang L, Hou J, Li B, Wang G. Morphology Evolution and Elimination Mechanism of Bubble Marks on Surface of Microcellular Injection-Molded Parts with Dynamic Mold Temperature Control. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiwei Dong
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| | - Guoqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| | - Junji Hou
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| | - Guilong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid−Solid
Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ruiz JAR, Vincent M, Agassant JF. Numerical Modeling of Bubble Growth in Microcellular Polypropylene Produced in a Core-Back Injection Process Using Chemical Blowing Agents. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A core-back polypropylene foaming injection process using chemical blowing agents (CBA) has been studied. First, injection tests were carried out with two different CBAs and the different morphologies of the obtained samples have been analyzed. Structural parameters such as cell density and average radius size were calculated. Then, a bubble growth model was developed to predict the foaming development during the process, controlled by the depressurization of the mold cavity during the short core-back opening coupled with the evolution of the temperature during core-back and subsequent cooling. A good agreement is found between theoretical predictions and experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Reglero Ruiz
- Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux , MINES ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7635, Sophia Antipolis , France
| | - M. Vincent
- Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux , MINES ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7635, Sophia Antipolis , France
| | - J.-F. Agassant
- Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux , MINES ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7635, Sophia Antipolis , France
| |
Collapse
|