1
|
Li X, Jia W, Dong B, Yuan H, Su F, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu C, Shen C, Shao C. Structure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Filled Isotactic Polypropylene Composites Treated by Pressurization at Different Rates. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081294. [PMID: 31382397 PMCID: PMC6723393 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotactic polypropylene filled with 1 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (iPP/MWCNTs) were prepared, and their crystallization behavior induced by pressurizing to 2.0 GPa with adjustable rates from 2.5 to 1.3 × 104 MPa/s was studied. The obtained samples were characterized by combining wide angle X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. It was found that pressurization is a simple way to prepare iPP/MWCNTs composites in mesophase, γ-phase, or their blends. Two threshold pressurization rates marked as R1 and R2 were identified, while R1 corresponds to the onset of mesomorphic iPP formation. When the pressurization rate is lower than R1 only γ-phase generates, with its increasing mesophase begins to generate and coexist with γ-phase, and if it exceeds R2 only mesophase can generate. When iPP/MWCNTs crystallized in γ-phase, compared with the neat iPP, the existence of MWCNTs can promote the nucleation of γ-phase, leading to the formation of γ-crystal with thicker lamellae. If iPP/MWCNTs solidified in mesophase, MWCNTs can decrease the growth rate of the nodular structure, leading to the formation of mesophase with smaller nodular domains (about 9.4 nm). Mechanical tests reveal that, γ-iPP/MWCNTs composites prepared by slow pressurization display high Young’s modulus, high yield strength and high elongation at break, and meso-iPP/MWCNTs samples have excellent deformability because of the existence of nodular morphology. In this sense, the pressurization method is proved to be an efficient approach to regulate the crystalline structure and the properties of iPP/MWCNTs composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wenxia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Beibei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Fengmei Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Changyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chunguang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang P, Gulgunje P, Ghoshal S, Odeh IN, Verghese N, Kumar S. Effect of interfacial chemistry on crystallization of polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Po‐Hsiang Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Prabhakar Gulgunje
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Sushanta Ghoshal
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | | | | | - Satish Kumar
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aguiar VO, Pita VJRR, Marques MDFV. Nanocomposites of ultrahigh molar mass polyethylene and modified carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius O. Aguiar
- Instituto de Macromoleculas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – IMA‐UFRJ CEP 21945‐970 Ilha do Fundão, Avenue Horácio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Victor J. R. R. Pita
- Instituto de Macromoleculas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – IMA‐UFRJ CEP 21945‐970 Ilha do Fundão, Avenue Horácio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Maria de Fatima V. Marques
- Instituto de Macromoleculas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – IMA‐UFRJ CEP 21945‐970 Ilha do Fundão, Avenue Horácio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| |
Collapse
|