1
|
Pierguidi L, Spinelli S, Prescott J, Monteleone E, Dinnella C. Responsiveness to warning sensations and anxiety-related psychological traits modulate individual differences in preference for vegetable foods with varied sensory properties. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113342. [PMID: 37803693 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The innate aversion to warning sensations is an important barrier to the acceptance of vegetable food often characterized by bitter and sour tastes, and astringency. Large individual variations exist in preference for this food category. The present study aimed at exploring differences in demographics, anthropometrics, taste responsiveness, personality traits and attitudes in consumers differing in their preference for vegetable food with varied levels of warning sensations. A panel of Italian consumers (n = 718; 53.6% women, age 18-74 years) self-reported familiarity with, preference for and choice of vegetables with high and low levels of warning sensations. Two clusters were identified: High Warning-Vegetable Consumers (HWVC, n = 464) and Low-Warning Vegetable Consumers (LWVC, n = 254). HWVC showed higher familiarity with and preference for vegetables as a whole and higher choice of vegetables characterized by warning sensations than LWVC. HWVC were more represented by older and normal weight individuals as compared to LWVC. Differences among clusters in liking for and perception of a phenol-enriched plant-based food model specifically developed to induce different levels of bitterness, sourness and astringency were found. HWVC rated bitterness, sourness, and astringency lower and liking higher than LWVC. Scores in anxiety-related psychological traits were lower while attitudes to healthy and high-quality food choice were higher in HWVC than in LWVC. The results of the present study depicted a coherent interplay among several person-related dimensions in modulating preference for vegetable foods. Higher responsiveness to warning sensations, higher level of anxiety-related traits, lower importance assigned to food healthy/quality aspects and younger age all acted as barriers to exposure and acceptance of vegetable food and call for a multidimensional approach to promote the consumption of this food category.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Pierguidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - S Spinelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
| | - J Prescott
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy; TasteMatters Research & Consulting, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Monteleone
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
| | - C Dinnella
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kövi Z, Wongpakaran T, Wongpakaran N, Zábó V, Birkás B, Mirnics Z. Comparison of typical Thai and Hungarian personality profiles using the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13508. [PMID: 37598240 PMCID: PMC10439948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to compare typical Thai and Hungarian personality profiles of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ). 672 Thai and 647 Hungarian were included in our study. The distribution of age, gender and education level were matched. The ZKA-PQ was administered that measures Aggression, Extraversion, Activity, Sensation Seeking and Neuroticism. We tested reliability, the structural invariance and analyzed aggregated mean profiles for cultures as well as typical profiles by cluster analyses. Reliability of factors were acceptable in both cultures, but some facets (especially AC3 Restlessness) showed low reliability. The global Tucker's coefficient of congruence (TCC) for cross-cultural factorial invariance was 95. We have also run a Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis, but fit indices were not adequate. Cross-cultural neural network invariance was not met either. Hungarians scored significantly higher on Extraversion, Sensation Seeking, Aggression and Activity. Cluster-analyses revealed six typical profiles: Introverted impulsive, Reserved, Resilients, Overcontrolled, Aggressive impulsive and Positive sensation seeker. Majority of first two clusters were Thai respondents, majority for last two clusters were Hungarians. In sum, there were some cross-cultural congruence in factor structure, but strict invariance was not fulfilled. Comparison of mean profiles remain tentative, but cluster analysis revealed cross-cultural differences in typical profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kövi
- Centre of Specialist Postgraduate Programmes in Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, 1037, Hungary
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawarorot Rd., T. Sriphoom, A. Meung Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawarorot Rd., T. Sriphoom, A. Meung Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Virág Zábó
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1075, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1075, Hungary
| | - Béla Birkás
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Mirnics
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, 1037, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aluja A, Balada F, García O, García LF. Psychological predictors of risky driving: the role of age, gender, personality traits (Zuckerman's and Gray's models), and decision-making styles. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1058927. [PMID: 37275703 PMCID: PMC10233032 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1058927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was planned to study the relationships between age, personality (according to Zuckerman's and Gray's psychobiological models) and decision-making styles in relation to risky driving behaviors. The participants were habitual drivers, 538 (54.3%) men and 453 (45.7%) women, with a mean age around 45 years and mainly of middle socioeconomic status. The results indicate that the youngest men and women reported more Lapses, Ordinary violations, and Aggressive violations than the oldest men and women. Women reported more Lapses (d = -0.40), and men more Ordinary (d = 0.33) and Aggressive violations (d = 0.28) when driving. Linear and non-linear analysis clearly support the role of both personality traits and decision-making styles in risky driving behaviors. Aggressiveness, Sensitivity to Reward, Sensation Seeking played the main role from personality traits, and Spontaneous and Rational decision-making style also accounted for some variance regarding risky driving behaviors. This pattern was broadly replicated in both genders. The discussion section analyses congruencies with previous literature and makes recommendations on the grounds of observed results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Aluja
- Deparment of Psychology, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ferran Balada
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Oscar García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, Lleida, Spain
- Deparment of Psychology, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis F. García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Dr. Pifarré Foundation, Lleida, Spain
- Deparment of Biological Psychology and Health, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Correlates of Acculturation Strategies: Personality, Coping, and Outcome. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00220221221109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reviews correlates of Berry’s acculturation strategies. The aim was to offer a differentiated overview of correlates that may come into play during different phases of the acculturation process, as antecedents, as concurrent correlates, and as outcome variables. Building on a literature search and previous review papers, k = 61 independent publications ( N = 40,505) were identified. Correlates of acculturation strategies were grouped into 35 variables pertaining to diverse domains, and mixed-effects models were estimated to derive the mean magnitude of the relation. The correlates comprised basic dimensions of personality belonging to the giant three, big five, alternative five, and multicultural personality taxonomies. Further, more specific traits were investigated, including field dependence and dogmatism. The next group comprised the experience of stress and negative emotions as well as different coping styles. Finally, a selection of psychological and health-related correlates as well as a selection of sociocultural adjustment variables were investigated. Results indicate that the acculturation strategies possess differential patterns of relations, thereby supporting a multi-dimensional acculturation model. Generally, integration was characterized by a pattern of correlates that facilitate interacting with other people, coping successfully with stress, and beneficial outcome variables. Marginalization revealed an opposite pattern of relationships in many cases. Assimilation and separation fell in between the other acculturation strategies.
Collapse
|
5
|
An In-depth Review of Conscientiousness and Educational Issues. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10648-022-09693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Aluja A, Sorrel MA, García LF, García O, Gutierrez F. Factor Convergence and Predictive Analysis of the Five Factor and Alternative Five Factor Personality Models with the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFICD). J Pers Disord 2022; 36:296-319. [PMID: 35647769 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2021_35_542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors analyze and compare the factor convergence and predictive power of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ/SF) with respect to the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFiCD). A total of 803 White Spanish subjects were analyzed. All the personality domains had significant predictive power with regard to the FFiCD except NEO Openness. The explained variance of the personality domains with respect to FFiCD Negative Affectivity (71% and 77%) and Detachment (56% and 56%) were similar for NEO-PI-R and ZKA-PQ/SF, respectively, but the NEO-PI-R accounted for greater variance for FFiCD Anankastia, Dissociality, and Disinhibition. The FFiCD facets of Rashness, Thrill- Seeking (Disinhibition), and Unassertiveness (Detachment) were located in factors other than those theoretically expected. The authors conclude that normal personality measured by the NEO-PI-R and the ZKA-PQ/SF contribute, in a differential but complementary way, to knowledge of the maladaptive personality measured by the FFiCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Aluja
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Luis F García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Gutierrez
- Personality Disorder Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aluja A, Sorrel MA, García LF, García O, Gutierrez F, Gutierrez F. Factor Convergence and Predictive Analysis of the Five Factor and Alternative Five Factor Personality Models With the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFiCD). J Pers Disord 2022; 36:296-319. [PMID: 34985333 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2012_35_542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors analyze and compare the factor convergence and predictive power of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ/SF) with respect to the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFiCD). A total of 803 White Spanish subjects were analyzed. All the personality domains had significant predictive power with regard to the FFiCD except NEO Openness. The explained variance of the personality domains with respect to FFiCD Negative Affectivity (71% and 77%) and Detachment (56% and 56%) were similar for NEO-PI-R and ZKA-PQ/SF, respectively, but the NEO-PI-R accounted for greater variance for FFiCD Anankastia, Dissociality, and Disinhibition. The FFiCD facets of Rashness, Thrill- Seeking (Disinhibition), and Unassertiveness (Detachment) were located in factors other than those theoretically expected. The authors conclude that normal personality measured by the NEO-PI-R and the ZKA-PQ/SF contribute, in a differential but complementary way, to knowledge of the maladaptive personality measured by the FFiCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Aluja
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Luis F García
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Gutierrez
- Personality Disorder Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Gutierrez
- Personality Disorder Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Naor-Ziv R, Glicksohn J, Aluja A. Locating the Dark Triad in a Multidimensional Personality Space. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 25:e14. [PMID: 35321765 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Dark Triad traits of Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and Narcissism should be clearly recognizable within a multidimensional personality space. Two such personality spaces were investigated in this study: HEXACO (Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience); and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) space (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Activity, Sensation Seeking, and Aggressiveness). Our sample comprised 289 participants (137 males, 145 females, 7 unspecified) who completed these three questionnaires: HEXACO-60, ZKA-PQ/SF, and the SD3, assessing the Dark Triad. We reduced the dimensionality of each space to that of a 2D representation using Smallest Space Analysis (SSA). Three research questions guided the data analysis: (a) Do the HEXACO and ZKA-PQ SSA spaces conform to the structure of a radex? (b) Will these spaces remain invariant following the entry of the Dark Triad traits into the analyses? (c) Where will the Dark Triad traits be located in each SSA space? For ZKA-PQ space, the structure was clearly indicative of a radex, both prior to entering the Dark Triad traits into the analysis, and subsequent to this. Psychopathy and Machiavellianism were in close proximity in the Aggressiveness region; Narcissism was positioned at the common origin. In contrast, HEXACO space did not conform to a radex; furthermore, the presence of the Dark Triad traits distorts this 2D SSA space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anton Aluja
- Universitat de Lleida (Spain)
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica Fundació Dr. Pifarré (Spain)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aluja A, García LF, Rossier J, Ostendorf F, Glicksohn J, Oumar B, Bellaj T, Ruch W, Wang W, Suranyi Z, Ścigała D, Čekrlija Đ, Stivers AW, Blas LD, Valdivia M, Ben Jemaa S, Atitsogbe KA, Hansenne M. Dark Triad Traits, Social Position, and Personality: A Cross-Cultural Study. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00220221211072816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research explores the Dark Triad traits in 18 cultures from Europe, America, Africa, and Asia. We examined the relationships among Dark Triad traits, as measured by the SD3, with gender, age, social status, and two personality models, HEXACO and Zuckerman’s alternative five factor model (AFFM). There were 10,298 participants (5,410 women and 4,888 men) with a mean age of 40.31 ( SD = 17.32) years old. Between 6% and 16% of the variance in the Dark Triad traits was accounted by culture. Men scored higher than women on all three traits in most cultures, but gender differences were generally larger in European countries. The relationship between the Dark Triad traits dimensions and age is negative, but the largest effect size is small (Psychopathy; η2 = .018). Psychopathy is associated with low Social Position, and Narcissism with high Social Position. In regard to Personality traits, Narcissism is positively related to Extraversion, and Psychopathy is negatively related to Conscientiousness for the HEXACO, and Narcissism is positively related to Activity and Sensation Seeking, and Machiavellianism and Psychopathy are positively related to Aggressiveness and Sensation Seeking for the AFFM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Aluja
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Dawid Ścigała
- The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Urieta P, Sorrel MA, Aluja A, Balada F, Lacomba E, García LF. Exploring the relationship between personality, decision-making styles, and problematic smartphone use. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
11
|
Deligianni ML, Studer J, Gmel G, Khazaal Y, Bertholet N. Consciousness alterations in a cohort of young Swiss men: Associations with substance use and personality traits. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1056159. [PMID: 36683973 PMCID: PMC9846235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1056159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance-induced consciousness alterations (CA) have mainly been studied among users of psychedelics but not among people using street drugs. AIMS Explore occurrences of three different types of substance-induced CA [ego dissolution (ED), visual pseudo-hallucinations (VPH), anxiety/paranoia (A/P)] and their perceived influences on life, together with their associations with substance use and personality correlates in a general population sample of 25-year-old men. METHODS 2,796 young Swiss men lifetime substance users completed a self-report questionnaire including history of use (never, former, and current) of different substances categories (psychedelics, cocaine, psychostimulants, ecstasy, MDMA, and other drugs), substance-induced ego dissolution (ED), visual pseudo-hallucinations (VPH) and anxiety/paranoia (A/P), the influence of these CA experiences on life, and personality traits (sensation seeking, sociability, anxiety-neuroticism, and aggression-hostility). RESULTS 32.2% reported at least one CA (i.e., ED, VPH or A/P), with 20.5% reporting ED, 16.7% VPH, and 14.6% A/P. Former and current use of psychedelics and ketamine was significantly associated with occurrences of all three types of CAs and with a positive influence of CA on life. Associations between the former and current use of other substances and the different types of CA were less consistent, and perceived influences on life were not statistically significant. Sociability was negatively associated with occurrences of all three types of CA. Positive associations were found between anxiety-neuroticism and ED and A/P, between aggression-hostility and A/P, and between sensation seeking and ED and VPH. CONCLUSION This study supports the potential for psychedelics to induce CAs perceived as beneficial to life among people using street drugs, possibly reflecting the mechanism underlying the therapeutic potential of psychedelics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Lousiana Deligianni
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Studer
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Service of Adult Psychiatry North-West, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Research Department, Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Health and Social Science, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Research Centre, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bertholet
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Urieta P, Aluja A, Garcia LF, Balada F, Lacomba E. Decision-Making and the Alternative Five Factor Personality Model: Exploring the Role of Personality Traits, Age, Sex and Social Position. Front Psychol 2021; 12:717705. [PMID: 34777098 PMCID: PMC8578866 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.717705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between decision-making style, as measured by the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, and personality based on alternative five-factor model along with effect of age, sex and social position on such styles. A large sample of community and undergraduate students (n = 1,562; Mage = 40.03, SD = 18.43) was analyzed. The results showed that Neuroticism and Extraversion were significantly related to the non-vigilant styles Hypervigilance, Buck-passing and Procrastination. Women scored significantly lower in Vigilance and higher in Hypervigilance, Buck-passing and Procrastinations than men. Age was significantly related to decision-making style in a U-shaped fashion. The Social Position Index was significantly related to all decision-making styles. The most predictive personality domains regarding decision-making scales were Aggressiveness (negatively) and Activity for Vigilance, and Neuroticism for Hypervigilance, Buck-passing and Procrastination. Age, sex and social position had a small/medium overall effect on the four dimensions of Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (p < 0.001) with a η2 of 0.038, 0.068, 0.050, and 0.031 for Vigilance, Hypervigilance, Buck-passing and Procrastination, respectively. Based on scores on a single factor dimension of the MDMQ, the profile of participants with higher scores was characterized by lower age, more likely to be females, lower social position, higher levels of Aggressiveness, less Activity, less Extraversion, and higher Neuroticism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Urieta
- Department of Psychology, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Anton Aluja
- Department of Psychology, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Luis F Garcia
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.,Department of Biological Psychology and Health, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Balada
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Lacomba
- Department of Psychology, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
García LF, Aluja A, Rossier J, Ostendorf F, Glicksohn J, Oumar B, Bellaj T, Ruch W, Wang W, Kövi Z, Ścigała D, Čekrlija Đ, Stivers AW, Di Blas L, Valdivia M, Ben Jemaa S, Atitsogbe KA, Hansenne M. Exploring the stability of HEXACO-60 structure and the association of gender, age, and social position with personality traits across 18 countries. J Pers 2021; 90:256-276. [PMID: 34328208 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present paper tests the cross-national stability of the HEXACO-60 structure across 18 countries from four continents. Gender and age differences across countries will be examined. Finally, this is the first study to explicitly analyze the relationships between the HEXACO and social position. METHOD Ten thousand two hundred and ninety eight subjects (5,410 women and 4,888 men) from 18 countries and 13 languages were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used to test configural, metric and scalar invariance models. Congruence coefficients with the original structure of the HEXACO-60 were computed for every culture. Effect sizes of gender, age, and social position factors across countries were also computed. RESULTS HEXACO-60 demonstrates configural and metric invariance, but not scalar invariance. Congruence coefficients show a great equivalence in almost all countries and factors. Only Emotionality presents a large gender difference across countries. No relevant effect of age is observed. A profile of high scores on Honesty-Humility, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience, and low scores on Emotionality increases the likelihood of achieving a higher social position, although the effect sizes are small. CONCLUSIONS HEXACO-60 is a useful instrument to conduct personality trait research and practice around the world. Implications of gender, social position, and country differences are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F García
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anton Aluja
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Dawid Ścigała
- The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Đorđe Čekrlija
- University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina
| | | | | | | | | | - Kokou A Atitsogbe
- University of Lomé, Lome, Togo.,University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sârbescu P, Rusu A. Personality predictors of speeding: Anger-Aggression and Impulsive-Sensation Seeking. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 77:86-98. [PMID: 34092331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this review was to identify the most influential personality predictors of speeding. METHOD Thus, this study analyzed the associations of Anger-Aggression and Impulsive-Sensation Seeking with Speeding. Research studies included in online databases and papers identified in previous reviews were considered for inclusion. RESULTS Using a random effects model, we found a small but significant effect for the relation between Anger-Aggression and Speeding (r = 0.12 [0.06-0.18],Z = 3.85,p < 0.001). We identified a significantly stronger effect for the relation between Impulsive-Sensation Seeking and Speeding, but still of low magnitude (r = 0.23 [0.16-0.29],Z = 6.54,p < 0.001). Moderator analysis revealed only one significant moderator: driver type. Namely, for professional drivers, the relation with Speeding was non-significant for both predictors (r = -0.004, p = 0.958 for Impulsive-Sensation Seeking and r = 0.02, p = 0.720 for Anger-Aggression, respectively) and significantly smaller than the associations for general population and young drivers. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results confirm Speeding's associations with both hypothesized most important predictors, but at a low magnitude.
Collapse
|
15
|
Sensory acceptability and personality traits both determine which contexts are preferred for consumption of alcoholic cocktails. Food Qual Prefer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.103978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
16
|
Normal Personality, the Dark Triad, Proactive Attitude and Perceived Employability: A Cross-Cultural Study in Belgium, Switzerland and Togo. Psychol Belg 2020; 60:217-235. [PMID: 32742708 PMCID: PMC7380056 DOI: 10.5334/pb.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research examined the link between both normal and malevolent personality, proactive attitude, and self-perceived employability across some highly investigated (Belgium, Switzerland) and under-investigated populations of sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Togo), considering proactive attitude as a potential mediator and self-perceived employability as an outcome. Conducting such a study in contexts which present notable differences in political organization and linguistic diversity, might contribute to enriching the literature on the relationships between personality and self-perceived employability. A sample of 968 participants aged 18 to 85 including 335 Belgians (50% women), 279 Swiss (58.1% women) and 354 Togolese (43.5% women) completed a French version of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ/SF), Short Dark Triad (SD3), Proactive Attitude Scale (PAS), and Perceived Employability Scale (PES). All four instruments exhibited metric invariance but did not systematically show scalar invariance across the three countries. ZKA-PQ/SF’s activity and neuroticism and SD3’s narcissism dimensions predicted perceived employability, and these relations were fully or partially mediated by proactive attitude in all cultural contexts. Moreover, perceived employability was predicted by aggressiveness and psychopathy in the Swiss sample and by sensation seeking in both the Swiss and the Belgian samples. Finally, proactive attitude fully mediated between sensation seeking and employability in Belgium and partially between psychopathy and employability in Switzerland. This study illustrates that the link between personality and employability may be mediated by proactive attitude and that these links may be quite robust across cultures.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pierguidi L, Spinelli S, Dinnella C, Prescott J, Monteleone E. Liking patterns moderate the relationship between sensory, emotional and context appropriateness profiles: Evidences from a Global Profile study on alcoholic cocktails. Food Qual Prefer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.103904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
18
|
Dong Y, Dumas D. Are personality measures valid for different populations? A systematic review of measurement invariance across cultures, gender, and age. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
19
|
Lakshman C, Vo LC, Ramaswami A. Measurement invariance and nomological validity of the Attributional Complexity Scale: Evidence from Estonia, France, India, United States, and Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1470595820913600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
International Business researchers have recently become interested in attributional complexity (AC) in the context of cross-cultural leadership effectiveness. Despite this recent surge in interest in this construct, we know very little about its measurement properties in cross-cultural situations. Given that attributions vary across cultures, verifying the validity (measurement invariance and nomological validity) of the Attributional Complexity Scale (ACS) is a research imperative. In study I, we examine the measurement invariance of ACS using a reduced version of the original scale (ACS-18) in five countries. The results suggest that the ACS shows metric invariance in that it has a similar factor structure across the five societies examined and in two other independent samples. In study II (France), we provide evidence of AC’s predictive validity based on its relationship to a key construct in its nomological network, namely, isomorphic attribution. In study III (United States), we provide additional evidence of nomological validity by showing the relationship between AC and biculturalism. Our results demonstrate the importance of AC and imply that researchers in cross-cultural contexts can safely use the ACS-18 without risking substantive misinterpretation. We discuss results, future research directions, implications, and limitations of the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Linh Chi Vo
- Sciences and Humanities Confluence Research Center, ESDES, Catholic University of Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Aluja A, Rossier J, Oumar B, García LF, Bellaj T, Ostendorf F, Ruch W, Wang W, Kövi Z, Ścigała D, Čekrlija Đ, Stivers AW, Di Blas L, Valdivia M, Ben Jemaa S, Atitsogbe KA, Hansenne M, Glicksohn J. Multicultural Validation of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire Shortened Form (ZKA-PQ/SF) Across 18 Countries. Assessment 2019; 27:728-748. [PMID: 30880424 DOI: 10.1177/1073191119831770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire shortened form (ZKA-PQ/SF) in 18 cultures and 13 languages of different African, American, Asian, and European cultures and languages. The results showed that the five-factor structure with 20 facets replicated well across cultures with a total congruence coefficient of .97. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) resulted in adequate fit indices for the five factors based on the comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI; >.90), and RMSEA (.031-.081). A series of CFA to assess measurement invariance across cultures resulted in adequate CFIs and TLIs for configural and metric invariance. However, factors did not show scalar invariance. Alpha internal consistencies of five factors ranged between .77 (Sensation Seeking) and .86 (Neuroticism). The average alpha of the 20 facets was .64 with a range from .43 (SS4) to .75 (AG1). Nevertheless, alpha reliabilities were lower in some facets and cultures, especially for Senegal and Togo. The average percentage of the variance explained based on the adjusted R2 was 2.9%, 1.7%, and 5.1% for age, sex, and, cultures, respectively. Finally, multidimensional scaling suggested that geographically or culturally close cultures share mean profile similarities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Đorđe Čekrlija
- University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina
| | | | | | | | | | - Kokou A Atitsogbe
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Sârbescu P, Boncu A. The resilient, the restraint and the restless: Personality types based on the Alternative Five-Factor Model. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
24
|
Atitsogbe KA, Moumoula IA, Rochat S, Antonietti JP, Rossier J. Vocational interests and career indecision in Switzerland and Burkina Faso: Cross-cultural similarities and differences. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
25
|
Hřebíčková M, Mõttus R, Graf S, Jelínek M, Realo A. How Accurate Are National Stereotypes? A Test of Different Methodological Approaches. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We compared different methodological approaches in research on the accuracy of national stereotypes that use aggregated mean scores of real people's personality traits as criteria for stereotype accuracy. Our sample comprised 16,713 participants from the Central Europe and 1,090 participants from the Baltic Sea region. Participants rated national stereotypes of their own country using the National Character Survey (NCS) and their personality traits using either the Revised NEO Personality Inventory or the NCS. We examined the effects of different (i) methods for rating of real people (Revised NEO Personality Inventory vs. NCS) and national stereotypes (NCS); (ii) norms for converting raw scores into T–scores (Russian vs. international norms); and (iii) correlation techniques (intraclass correlations vs. Pearson correlations vs. rank–order correlations) on the resulting agreement between the ratings of national stereotypes and real people. We showed that the accuracy of national stereotypes depended on the employed methodology. The accuracy was the highest when ratings of real people and national stereotypes were made using the same method and when rank order correlations were used to estimate the agreement between national stereotypes and personality profiles of real people. We propose a new statistical procedure for determining national stereotype accuracy that overcomes limitations of past studies. We provide methodological recommendations applicable to a wider range of cross national stereotype accuracy studies. Copyright © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - René Mõttus
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sylvie Graf
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern
| | - Martin Jelínek
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Anu Realo
- Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The Correlation Between Personality Dimensions and Young People's Choice of a Medical Career. ACTA MEDICA MARISIENSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/amma-2016-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: The research assumes that there is a correlation between personality dimensions Extraversion and Conscientiousness which mean autonomy, ambition and consistency of purpose, self-efficacy and determination for young people who want to aspire to a medical career.
Methods: In this study’s target group were included 130 students aspiring to a medical career, that participated in the summer school organized by UMF Tirgu-Mures in 2016, of which 25 (19%) male and 106 (81%) female, average overall age group being 17.23.
Results: Within the female group, the Pearson cross-correlation coefficient of Openness and Conscientiousness is r. Pearson (105) = − .20, p <0.05. The Pearson coefficient of cross-correlation between Extraversion and Conscientiousness is = − .20, p <0.05. The Pearson coefficient of cross-correlation between emotional stability and conscientiousness is r. Pearson (105) = .36, p <.001. In the male group, the Pearson cross-correlation coefficient between the Extraversion and Conscientiousness personality dimensions is r. Pearson (N = 25) = −.39 where p <0.05.
Conclusions: The Extraversion dimension of personality is a dynamic factor and motivator only when it is correlated with the Conscientiousness personality dimension. This indicates dynamism and autonomy, persistence in achieving goals, ambition, high motivation, interpersonal social intelligence and emotional stability, resulting a personality profile that matches one of the aspirants to a medical career.
Collapse
|