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Xavier PF, Benoy M, Ramesh NP, Varghese T. Highly conducting PANI- fMWNT composites with exceptional crystallinity and enhanced thermal stability for potential applications. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Seid L, Lakhdari D, Berkani M, Belgherbi O, Chouder D, Vasseghian Y, Lakhdari N. High-efficiency electrochemical degradation of phenol in aqueous solutions using Ni-PPy and Cu-PPy composite materials. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:126986. [PMID: 34461534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conductive crystalline polypyrrole (Cryst-PPy), Nickel-polypyrrole (Ni-PPy), and copper- polypyrole (Cu-PPy) hybrid materials were prepared using a chemical polymerization method in an aqueous solution. Part I was focused on the Chemical synthesis of Cryst-PPy powder from an organic medium. Cryst-PPy powder was successfully synthesized by chemical route from an organic medium of acetonitrile with polyethylene oxide as a stabilizing agent and oxidizing agent like potassium peroxydisulfate. The morphological study was showed the presence of spherical nanoparticles and cubic microparticles giving rise to a denser structure of PPy. In the second part, the based electrodes composites were examined in the oxidation of phenol by an electrochemical process in an alkaline medium. To follow the yield of phenol degradation at the alkaline solution, UV-visible analysis was performed at the following operating conditions: current density of 0.58 mA cm-2, phenol initial concentration of 0.150 M and for 3 h processing; the rate of phenol elimination was 56%, 38% and 28% for Cu-PPy, Ni-PPy, and pure PPy electrodes respectively. Thus, can be found that the doped Cu-PPy electrodes electrode is a new material with high electrochemical oxidation ability for phenol degradation in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamria Seid
- Laboratoire d'Energétique et d'Electrochimie du Solide (LEES), Département de Génie Des Procédés, Faculté de Technologie, Université Sétif-1, Sétif, Alegria
| | - Delloula Lakhdari
- Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga 16014, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Berkani
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ouafia Belgherbi
- Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga 16014, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Dalila Chouder
- Laboratoire d'Energétique et d'Electrochimie du Solide (LEES), Département de Génie Des Procédés, Faculté de Technologie, Université Sétif-1, Sétif, Alegria
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Nadjem Lakhdari
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria.
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Xavier PF, Benoy M, Stephen SK, Varghese T. Enhanced electrical properties of polyaniline carbon nanotube composites: Analysis of temperature dependence of electrical conductivity using variable range hopping and fluctuation induced tunneling models. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chondath SK, Menamparambath MM. Interface-assisted synthesis: a gateway to effective nanostructure tuning of conducting polymers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:918-941. [PMID: 36133281 PMCID: PMC9419666 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00940g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interface-assisted polymerization technique can be viewed as a powerful emerging tool for the synthesis of conducting polymers (CPs) on a large scale. Contrary to other bulk or single-phase polymerization techniques, interface-assisted synthesis strategies offer effective nanostructure control in a confined two-dimensional (2-D) space. This review focuses on the types of interfaces, mechanism at the interface, advantages and future perspectives of the interfacial polymerization in comparison to conventional polymerization techniques. Hence, the primary focus is on briefing the different types of the chemical methods of polymerization, followed by uniqueness in the reaction dynamics of interface polymerization. The classification of interfaces into four types (liquid/solid, gas/liquid, liquid/liquid, and gas/solid) is based on the versatility and underlying mechanistic pathway of the polymerization of each type. The role of interface in tuning the nanostructure of CPs and the performance evaluation of pristine CPs based on the electrical conductivity are also discussed. Finally, the future outlook of this emerging field is discussed and proposed in detail through some multifunctional applications of synthesized conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Kaladi Chondath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673601 Kerala India
| | - Mini Mol Menamparambath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673601 Kerala India
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Zhou H, Yang Y, You S, Liu B, Ren N, Xing D. Oxygen reduction reaction activity and the microbial community in response to magnetite coordinating nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts in bioelectrochemical systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 122:113-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ferreira AA, Sanches EA. Multimorphologies of hydrochloride polyaniline synthesized by conventional and interfacial polymerization. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kozik T, Śniechowski M, Łużny W, Proń A, Djurado D. Neutron diffraction study of conducting polyaniline doped with (±) camphorsulfonic acid. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Balkan A, Armagan E, Ozaydin Ince G. Synthesis of coaxial nanotubes of polyaniline and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) by oxidative/initiated chemical vapor deposition. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:872-882. [PMID: 28503398 PMCID: PMC5405682 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Vapor-phase synthesis techniques of polymeric nanostructures offer unique advantages over conventional, solution-based techniques because of their solventless nature. In this work, we report the fabrication of coaxial polymer nanotubes using two different chemical vapor deposition methods. The fabrication process involves the deposition of an outer layer of the conductive polyaniline (PANI) by oxidative chemical vapor deposition, followed by the deposition of the inner layer of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel by initiated chemical vapor deposition. The vapor-phase techniques allowed for fine-tuning of the thickness of the individual layers, keeping the functionalities of the polymers intact. The response of the single components and the coaxial nanotubes to changes in humidity was investigated for potential humidity sensor applications. For single-component conductive PANI nanotubes, the resistance changed parabolically with relative humidity because of competing effects of doping and swelling of the PANI polymer under humid conditions. Introducing a hydrogel inner layer increased the overall resistance, and enhanced swelling, which caused the resistance to continuously increase with relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Balkan
- Materials Science and Nanoengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Efe Armagan
- Materials Science and Nanoengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozaydin Ince
- Materials Science and Nanoengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Nanotechnology Application Center, Sabanci University, Orhanli, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
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Ghai M, Narula P, Kaur V, Singh R. Imprinted silica nanoparticles coated with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide for the determination of m-cresol in synthetic and real samples. J Sep Sci 2015. [PMID: 26223215 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
m-Cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles coated with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide have been developed that contain specific pockets for the selective uptake of m-cresol. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel process followed by functionalization of their surface with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide. The formation of m-cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Electron microscopic studies revealed the formation of monodispersed imprinted silica nanoparticles with spherical shape and an average size of 83 nm. The developed nanoparticles were filled in a syringe and used for the extraction of m-cresol from aqueous samples followed by quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Various adsorption experiments showed that developed m-cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles exhibited a high adsorption capacity and selectivity and offered a fast kinetics for rebinding m-cresol. The chromatographic quantification was achieved using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (70:30 v/v) at an isocratic flow rate of 1.0 mL/min using a reversed-phase C18 column and detection at λmax = 275 nm. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.86 and 22.32 ng/mL, respectively, for the developed method. The percent recoveries ranged from 96.66-103.33% in the spiked samples. This combination of this nanotechnique with molecular imprinting was proved as a reliable, sensitive and selective method for determining the target from synthetic and real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Ghai
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priyanka Narula
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Farrokhzad H, Moghbeli M, Van Gerven T, Van der Bruggen B. Surface modification of composite ion exchange membranes by polyaniline. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Das D, Datta A, Contractor AQ. Doping of polyaniline with 6-cyano-2-naphthol. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:12993-3001. [PMID: 25333513 DOI: 10.1021/jp5060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The conductivity of polyaniline (PANI) is ascribed to its emeraldine salt (PANI-ES), which is formed by protonation of its emeraldine base (PANI-EB) by acids. Generally, mineral acids are used for this purpose, but the use of dopants and additives to maintain the required acidity provides an alternative method to the preparation of PANI-ES. The present work attempts to achieve the protonation by the use of a weak organic acid, namely, 6-cyano-2-naphthol (6CN2), which is generally used as a superphotoacid, as its excited state pKa is significantly smaller than its ground state pKa. The question here is if the protonation of the aniline moieties in PANI takes place and if it does, whether it takes place by dissociation of the ground state or the excited state of 6CN2. Room temperature conductance measurements were carried out to see the effect of doping. The formation of PANI-ES from PANI-EB has been monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry. When a polar counterion is inserted into the polymer matrix, it changes the environment of the nearby chains by introducing defects, reorganization of charges as a result of interaction with the polymer. Morphological investigation was done using optical microscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), and field emission gun transmission electron microscopy FEGTEM. The influence of 6CN2 on the crystallinity of the polymer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasree Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Lee E, Kim E. Substituent Effects on Conformational Changes in (+)-CSA Doped Polyaniline Derivatives. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.7.2111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tantawy HR, Aston DE, Smith JR, Young JL. Comparison of electromagnetic shielding with polyaniline nanopowders produced in solvent-limited conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:4648-58. [PMID: 23672188 DOI: 10.1021/am401695p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle synthesis (~10-50 nm) of HCl-doped polyaniline elucidates the impact of limiting solvent (water) and oxidizing agent (ammonium peroxydisulfate) on morphology (XRD and TEM), chemical structure (FTIR), conductivity (two-point DC) and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) in microwave frequencies (i.e., X-band S-parameter measurements). Detailed comparison of these properties with respect to three distinct polymerization environments indicate that a solvent-free or limited solvent polymerization accomplished through a wet grinding solid-phase reaction produces superior conductivity (27 S/cm) with intermediate crystallinity (66%) for the highest EM shielding-an order of magnitude improvement over conventional polymerization with respect to EM power transmission reduction for all loadings per shielding area (0.04 to 0.17 g/cm(2)). By contrast, the classic oxidation of aniline in a well-dispersed aqueous reaction phase with an abundance of available oxidant in free solution yielded low conductivity (3.3 S/cm), crystallinity (54%), and SE, whereas similar solvent-rich reactions with limiting oxidizer produced similar conductivity (2.9 S/cm) and significantly lower SE with the highest crystallinity (72%). This work is the first to demonstrate that limiting solvent and oxidizer enhances electromagnetic interactions for shielding microwaves in polyaniline nanopowders. This appears connected to having the highest overall extent of oxidation achieved in the wet solid-phase reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Ramzy Tantawy
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-1021, United States
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Zhao Y, Tomšík E, Wang J, Morávková Z, Zhigunov A, Stejskal J, Trchová M. Self-Assembly of Aniline Oligomers. Chem Asian J 2012; 8:129-37. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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