1
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Xu L, Zhang Y, Jin S, Luo S, Chen K, Fang S, Zhong L, Zhang J, He R. Novel lignin α-O-4 derived hydrogen donors in CQ-based photoinitiating systems for dental resins. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16719. [PMID: 39030243 PMCID: PMC11271577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to explore the properties of the lignin-derived amine-free photoinitiating systems (PISs) during the curing process. Four novel hydrogen donors (HD1, HD2, HD3, and HD4) derived from lignin α-O-4 structural were designed and synthesized by simple methods, and their low C-H bond dissociation energies on methylene were determined by molecular orbitals theory. Four experimental groups using CQ (camphorquinone)/HD PIs formulated with Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (70 w%/30 w%) were compared to CQ/EDB (ethyl 4-dimethylamino benzoate) system. The photopolymerization profiles and double bond conversion rate was tracked by FTIR experiments; the color bleaching ability of the samples and color aging test assay were performed using color indexes measurements; The cytotoxicity of the samples was also compared to EDB related systems. All of the experimental groups with new HDs were compared to the control group with EDB by statistical analysis. Compared to CQ/EDB system, new lignin-derived hydrogen donors combined with CQ showed comparable or even better performances in polymerization initiation to form resin samples, under a blue dental LED in air. Excellent color bleaching property was observed with the new HDs. Aging tests and cytotoxicity examination of the resin were performed, indicating the new lignin compounds to be efficient hydrogen donors for amine-free CQ-based photo-initiating system. Novel lignin α-O-4 derived hydrogen donors are promising for further usage in light-curing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Xu
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The 3rd People's Hospital of Deqing, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuqi Jin
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxin Luo
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kailun Chen
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangjun Zhong
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui He
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang Q, Popov S, Strehmel V, Gutmann JS, Strehmel B. NIR-sensitized hybrid radical and cationic photopolymerization of several cyanines in combination with diaryliodonium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl imide. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01186g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of cyanines exhibiting absorption between 750 and 930 nm reacted after NIR excitation with the bis(t-butylphenyl) iodonium cation comprising the [(CF3SO2)2N]− anion (NTf2)−, resulting in the generation of free radicals and conjugate acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798 Krefeld, Germany
| | - Sergey Popov
- Spectrum Info Ltd., Murmanskaya 5, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798 Krefeld, Germany
| | - Jochen S. Gutmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798 Krefeld, Germany
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3
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4
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Kavalli T, Wolf R, Ozen S, Lalevée J. Comparison of Pure Epoxy vs. Epoxy-Anhydride Photopolymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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6
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Lai H, Zhu D, Peng X, Zhang J, Lalevée J, Xiao P. N-Aryl glycines as versatile initiators for various polymerizations. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00030f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
N-(1-Pyrenyl)glycine can act as a versatile initiator for various polymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Lai
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - D. Zhu
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - X. Peng
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - J. Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - J. Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - P. Xiao
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
- Université de Haute-Alsace
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7
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8
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Topa M, Ortyl J. Moving Towards a Finer Way of Light-Cured Resin-Based Restorative Dental Materials: Recent Advances in Photoinitiating Systems Based on Iodonium Salts. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4093. [PMID: 32942676 PMCID: PMC7560344 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The photoinduced polymerization of monomers is currently an essential tool in various industries. The photopolymerization process plays an increasingly important role in biomedical applications. It is especially used in the production of dental composites. It also exhibits unique properties, such as a short time of polymerization of composites (up to a few seconds), low energy consumption, and spatial resolution (polymerization only in irradiated areas). This paper describes a short overview of the history and classification of different typical monomers and photoinitiating systems such as bimolecular photoinitiator system containing camphorquinone and aromatic amine, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, phosphine derivatives, germanium derivatives, hexaarylbiimidazole derivatives, silane-based derivatives and thioxanthone derivatives used in the production of dental composites with their limitations and disadvantages. Moreover, this article represents the challenges faced when using the latest inventions in the field of dental materials, with a particular focus on photoinitiating systems based on iodonium salts. The beneficial properties of dental composites cured using initiation systems based on iodonium salts have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Topa
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
- Photo HiTech Ltd., Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
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9
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Wu Q, Liao W, Wang X, Xiong Y, Tang H. Sole‐Component Visible Macrophotoinitiators with Si‐H: Decreased Oxygen Inhibition and Modified Cured Polymer Materials. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science Guizhou Education University Guiyang 550018 P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Wen Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Hongding Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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10
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Sprick E, Becht J, Tigges T, Neuhaus K, Weber C, Lalevée J. Hydrogen donors to replace aromatic amine based photoinitiating systems. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Sprick
- IS2M UMR CNRS, 7361 Université de Haute‐Alsace Mulhouse 68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Jean‐Michel Becht
- IS2M UMR CNRS, 7361 Université de Haute‐Alsace Mulhouse 68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Thomas Tigges
- De‐Trey‐Straβe 1 Dentsply Sirona Konstanz 78467 Germany
| | - Kira Neuhaus
- De‐Trey‐Straβe 1 Dentsply Sirona Konstanz 78467 Germany
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- IS2M UMR CNRS, 7361 Université de Haute‐Alsace Mulhouse 68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
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11
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Kavalli T, Wolf R, Lalevée J. Ultrafast Epoxy‐Anhydride Photopolyaddition Reaction. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Kavalli
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS IS2M UMR 7361 Mulhouse F‐68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Romain Wolf
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS IS2M UMR 7361 Mulhouse F‐68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS IS2M UMR 7361 Mulhouse F‐68100 France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France
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12
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New bio-sourced hydrogen donors as high performance coinitiators and additives for CQ-based systems: Toward aromatic amine-free photoinitiating systems. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Okamura H, Nishijima Y, Noguchi D, Fukumoto T, Suzuki Y. Suppressed Oxygen Inhibition in UV Curable Formulations Using a Diene as an Additive. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2020. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.33.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Noirbent G, Xu Y, Bonardi AH, Duval S, Gigmes D, Lalevée J, Dumur F. New Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts as Visible and Near Infrared Light Polymerization Photoinitiators. Molecules 2020; 25:E2317. [PMID: 32429126 PMCID: PMC7287840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerization photoinitiators that can be activated under low light intensity and in the visible range are being pursued by both the academic and industrial communities. To efficiently harvest light and initiate a polymerization process, dyes with high molar extinction coefficients in the visible range are ideal candidates. In this field, Donor-acceptor Stenhouse Adducts (DASA) which belong to a class of recently discovered organic photochromic molecules still lack practical applications. In this work, a series of DASA-based dyes are proposed as photoinitiators for the free radical polymerization of (meth)acrylates upon exposure to a near infrared light (laser diode at 785 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Noirbent
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France; (G.N.); (D.G.)
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Y.X.); (A.-H.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Aude-Héloise Bonardi
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Y.X.); (A.-H.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvain Duval
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France; (G.N.); (D.G.)
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Y.X.); (A.-H.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France; (G.N.); (D.G.)
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15
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Kirschner J, Becht JM, Klee JE, Lalevée J. A New Phosphine for Efficient Free Radical Polymerization under Air. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000053. [PMID: 32196131 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new phosphine is proposed as efficient coinitiator for camphorquinone (CQ)-based photoinitiating systems for the free radical polymerization of (meth)acrylates. Remarkably, this new co-initiator can exhibit two functionalities: a phosphine moiety to overcome oxygen inhibition and an iodonium salt moiety as counter cation to initiate the polymerization process. Excellent polymerization performances in the presence of CQ for the free radical polymerization of methacrylates under blue light are observed, and amine-free systems can be easily developed from the proposed structure. The photopolymerization of composites is also investigated in the presence of the new phosphine (without iodonium counter cation) and very interesting depth of cure can be obtained from the new developed photoinitiating system after only 20 s of irradiation with a blue light-emitting diode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kirschner
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, University of Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse Cedex, 68057, France
| | - Jean-Michel Becht
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, University of Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse Cedex, 68057, France
| | - Joachim E Klee
- Dentsply Sirona, De-Trey-Straβe 1, Konstanz, 78467, Germany
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, University of Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse Cedex, 68057, France
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16
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A blue to red light sensitive photoinitiating systems based on 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone derivatives for free radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Kirschner J, Paillard J, Graff B, Becht J, Klee JE, Lalevée J. 2‐Oxo‐2(
tert
‐butyldimethylsilyl)Acetic Acid (DKSi‐COOH) as a New Water‐Soluble Visible Light Type I Photoinitiator for Free Radical Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kirschner
- Université de Haute‐Alsace CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg France
| | - Julien Paillard
- Université de Haute‐Alsace CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute‐Alsace CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg France
| | - Jean‐Michel Becht
- Université de Haute‐Alsace CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute‐Alsace CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg France
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18
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Bonardi A, Bonardi F, Noirbent G, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Dietlin C, Lalevée J. Free‐radical polymerization upon near‐infrared light irradiation, merging photochemical and photothermal initiating methods. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aude‐Heloise Bonardi
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Fabien Bonardi
- IBISC, Univ Evry, Université Paris‐Saclay Evry 91025 France
| | | | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR7273 F‐13397 Marseille France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR7273 F‐13397 Marseille France
| | - Celine Dietlin
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute‐Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 F‐68100 Mulhouse France
- Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
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19
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New 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives as Photoinitiators for Free-Radical Polymerization Upon Visible Light. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9080637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photopolymerization processes, and especially those carried out under visible light, are more and more widespread for their multiple advantages compared to thermal processes. In the present paper, new 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives are proposed as photoinitiators for free-radical polymerization upon visible light exposure using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at 395, 405, and 470 nm. These photoinitiators are used in combination with both iodonium salts and phosphine. The synthesis of these compounds as well as their excellent polymerization initiation ability for methacrylate monomers are presented in this article. A full picture of the involved chemical mechanisms is also provided thanks to photolysis, radical characterization, and redox measurements.
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20
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Redox two-component initiated free radical and cationic polymerizations: Concepts, reactions and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Garra P, Brunel D, Noirbent G, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Sidorkin VF, Dumur F, Duché D, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Ferrocene-based (photo)redox polymerization under long wavelengths. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00059c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene-based photoredox catalysis is proposed here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Damien Brunel
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | | | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | | | - Céline Dietlin
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Valery F. Sidorkin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - David Duché
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
- Université de Strasbourg
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22
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Aubry B, Subervie D, Lansalot M, Bourgeat-Lami E, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Fouassier JP, Lacôte E, Lalevée J. A Second-Generation Chameleon N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Borane Coinitiator for the Visible-Light Oxygen-Resistant Photopolymerization of Both Organic and Water-Compatible Resins. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bérengère Aubry
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Subervie
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elodie Bourgeat-Lami
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, C2P2, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emmanuel Lacôte
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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23
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Garra P, Baralle A, Graff B, Schrodj G, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Radical Cations in Versatile High Performance Initiating Systems for Thermal, Redox, and Photopolymerizations. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Baralle
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gautier Schrodj
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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24
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Bonardi AH, Bonardi F, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Noirbent G, Grant TM, Fouassier JP, Dumur F, Lessard BH, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. Photoinduced Thermal Polymerization Reactions. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-H. Bonardi
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - F. Bonardi
- Laboratoire d’Informatique, de Traitement de l’Information et des Systèmes, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNIHAVRE, INSA Rouen, LITIS, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - F. Morlet-Savary
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - C. Dietlin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - G. Noirbent
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - T. M. Grant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - J.-P. Fouassier
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure
de Chimie de Mulhouse, Mulhouse, France
| | - F. Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - B. H. Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - D. Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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25
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Garra P, Caron A, Al Mousawi A, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Yagci Y, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Photochemical, Thermal Free Radical, and Cationic Polymerizations Promoted by Charge Transfer Complexes: Simple Strategy for the Fabrication of Thick Composites. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aurore Caron
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Assi Al Mousawi
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université
de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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26
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Ye Q, Abedin F, Parthasarathy R, Spencer P. Photoinitiators in Dentistry: Challenges and Advances. PHOTOPOLYMERISATION INITIATING SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788013307-00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Photopolymerization is used in a wide range of clinical applications in dentistry and the demand for dental materials that can restore form, function and esthetics is increasing rapidly. Simultaneous with this demand is the growing need for photoinitiators that provide effective and efficient in situ polymerization of dental materials using visible light irradiation. This chapter reviews the fundamentals of Type I and II photoinitiators. The advantages and disadvantages of these photoinitiators will be considered with a particular focus on parameters that affect the polymerization process in the oral cavity. The chapter examines recent developments in photoinitiators and opportunities for future research in the design and development of photoinitiators for dental applications. Future research directions that employ computational models in conjunction with iterative synthesis and experimental methods will also be explored in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ye
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, School of Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Farhana Abedin
- Electromechanical Engineering Technology program, College of Engineering, California State Polytechnic University Pomona 3801 W. Temple Ave Pomona CA 91768 USA
| | - Ranganathan Parthasarathy
- Nanomaterials Research Lab, Tennessee State University 3500 John A Merritt Blvd Nashville TN 37209 USA
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, School of Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
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27
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Garra P, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Nechab M, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Gree S, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Metal Acetylacetonate–Bidentate Ligand Interaction (MABLI) (Photo)activated Polymerization: Toward High Performance Amine-Free, Peroxide-Free Redox Radical (Photo)initiating Systems. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Cedex F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Cedex F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Cedex F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Simon Gree
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Cedex F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Cedex F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
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28
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Al Mousawi A, Garra P, Sallenave X, Dumur F, Toufaily J, Hamieh T, Graff B, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. π-Conjugated Dithienophosphole Derivatives as High Performance Photoinitiators for 3D Printing Resins. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Assi Al Mousawi
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M−UMR CNRS 7361−UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban
| | - Patxi Garra
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M−UMR CNRS 7361−UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Xavier Sallenave
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces LPPI, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, Neuville-sur-Oise, Cedex 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri, Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M−UMR CNRS 7361−UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M−UMR CNRS 7361−UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M−UMR CNRS 7361−UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
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29
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Bonardi AH, Dumur F, Grant TM, Noirbent G, Gigmes D, Lessard BH, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. High Performance Near-Infrared (NIR) Photoinitiating Systems Operating under Low Light Intensity and in the Presence of Oxygen. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Bonardi
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux De Mulhouse, IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361 - UHA, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - F. Dumur
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - T. M. Grant
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - G. Noirbent
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - D. Gigmes
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - B. H. Lessard
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - J.-P. Fouassier
- Ecole Nationale
Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Mulhouse, France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux De Mulhouse, IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361 - UHA, 68057 Mulhouse, France
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30
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Garra P, Dumur F, Nechab M, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Graff B, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Stable copper acetylacetonate-based oxidizing agents in redox (NIR photoactivated) polymerization: an opportunity for the one pot grafting from approach and an example on a 3D printed object. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stable Cu(ii) ox. agent for redox (graft) polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
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31
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Garra P, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Dietlin C, Becht JM, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Charge Transfer Complexes as Pan-Scaled Photoinitiating Systems: From 50 μm 3D Printed Polymers at 405 nm to Extremely Deep Photopolymerization (31 cm). Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patxi Garra
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Becht
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux
de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
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32
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Bouzrati-Zerelli M, Kirschner J, Fik CP, Maier M, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Becht JM, Klee JE, Lalevée J. Silyl Glyoxylates as a New Class of High Performance Photoinitiators: Blue LED Induced Polymerization of Methacrylates in Thin and Thick Films. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Bouzrati-Zerelli
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Julie Kirschner
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Christoph P. Fik
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Maier
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Celine Dietlin
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Becht
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Joachim E. Klee
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
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