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Li Z, Lu J, Ji T, Xue Y, Zhao L, Zhao K, Jia B, Wang B, Wang J, Zhang S, Jiang Z. Self-Healing Hydrogel Bioelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306350. [PMID: 37987498 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as powerful building blocks to develop various soft bioelectronics because of their tissue-like mechanical properties, superior bio-compatibility, the ability to conduct both electrons and ions, and multiple stimuli-responsiveness. However, hydrogels are vulnerable to mechanical damage, which limits their usage in developing durable hydrogel-based bioelectronics. Self-healing hydrogels aim to endow bioelectronics with the property of repairing specific functions after mechanical failure, thus improving their durability, reliability, and longevity. This review discusses recent advances in self-healing hydrogels, from the self-healing mechanisms, material chemistry, and strategies for multiple properties improvement of hydrogel materials, to the design, fabrication, and applications of various hydrogel-based bioelectronics, including wearable physical and biochemical sensors, supercapacitors, flexible display devices, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), implantable bioelectronics, etc. Furthermore, the persisting challenges hampering the development of self-healing hydrogel bioelectronics and their prospects are proposed. This review is expected to expedite the research and applications of self-healing hydrogels for various self-healing bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jijian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tian Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yumeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Boqing Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Paez-Amieva Y, Martín-Martínez JM. Dynamic Non-Covalent Exchange Intrinsic Self-Healing at 20 °C Mechanism of Polyurethane Induced by Interactions among Polycarbonate Soft Segments. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:924. [PMID: 38611182 PMCID: PMC11013852 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Two polyurethanes (PUs) were similarly synthesized by reacting a cycloaliphatic isocyanate with 1,4-butanediol and two polyols of different nature (polyester, polycarbonate diol) with molecular weights of 1000 Da. Only the PU synthesized with polycarbonate diol polyol (YCD) showed intrinsic self-healing at 20 °C. For assessing the mechanism of intrinsic self-healing of YCD, a structural characterization by molecular weights determination, infrared and X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was carried out. The experimental evidence concluded that the self-healing at 20 °C of YCD was due to dynamic non-covalent exchange interactions among the polycarbonate soft segments. Therefore, the chemical nature of the polyol played a key role in developing PUs with intrinsic self-healing at 20 °C.
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Li YM, Zhang ZP, Rong MZ, Zhang MQ. Sunlight Stimulated Photochemical Self-Healing Polymers Capable of Re-Bonding Damages up to a Centimeter Below the Surface Even Out of the Reach of the Illumination. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211009. [PMID: 36660910 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of photochemical self-healing polymers faces the the following bottlenecks: i) only the surface cracks can be restored and ii) materials' mechanical properties are lower. To break these bottlenecks, cross-linked poly(urethane-dithiocarbamate)s carrying photo-reversible dithiocarbamate bonds covalently linked to indole chromophores and benzyl groups are designed. The conjugated structure of the chromophore and benzyl enhances the addition reactivity of thiocarbonyl moiety and facilitates photo-cleavage of CS bond, so that transfer of the created radicals among dithiocarbamate linkages is promoted. Accordingly, reshuffling of the reversibly cross-linked networks via dynamic exchange between the activated dithiocarbamates is enabled in both surface layer and the interior upon exposure to the low-intensity ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. It is found that the damages up to a centimeter below the surface can be effectively recovered in the sunshine, which greatly exceeds the maximum penetration distance of UV light (hundreds of microns). Besides, tensile strength and failure strain of the poly(urethane-dithiocarbamate) are superior to the reported photo-reversible polymers, achieving the record-high 33.8 MPa and 782.0% owing to the wide selectivity of soft/hard blocks, multiple interactions, and appropriate cross-linking architecture. The present work provides a novel paradigm of photo self-healing polymers capable of re-bonding cracks even out of the reach of the illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ze Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhi Rong
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ming Qiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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Kan Y, Bondareva JV, Statnik ES, Koudan EV, Ippolitov EV, Podporin MS, Kovaleva PA, Kapaev RR, Gordeeva AM, Cvjetinovic J, Gorin DA, Evlashin SA, Salimon AI, Senatov FS, Korsunsky AM. Hydrogel-Inducing Graphene-Oxide-Derived Core–Shell Fiber Composite for Antibacterial Wound Dressing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076255. [PMID: 37047227 PMCID: PMC10094162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study reveals the polymer–crosslinker interactions and functionality of hydrophilic nanofibers for antibacterial wound coatings. Coaxial electrospinning leverages a drug encapsulation protocol for a core–shell fiber composite with a core derived from polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol with amorphous silica (PVA-PEG-SiO2), and a shell originating from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide (PVA-GO). Crosslinking with GO and SiO2 initiates the hydrogel transition for the fiber composite upon contact with moisture, which aims to optimize the drug release. The effect of hydrogel-inducing additives on the drug kinetics is evaluated in the case of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) encapsulation in the core of core–shell fiber composite PVA-PEG-SiO2-1x-CHX@PVA-GO. The release rate is assessed with the zero, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic models, where the inclusion of crosslinking silica provides a longer degradation and release rate. CHX medicated core–shell composite provides sustainable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Kan
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Julia V. Bondareva
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene S. Statnik
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Koudan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology ‘MISIS’, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V. Ippolitov
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St. 20, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Podporin
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St. 20, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina A. Kovaleva
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology ‘MISIS’, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman R. Kapaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and BINA—BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Alexandra M. Gordeeva
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julijana Cvjetinovic
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Gorin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Evlashin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey I. Salimon
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology ‘MISIS’, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor S. Senatov
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology ‘MISIS’, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Korsunsky
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Multi-Beam Laboratory for Engineering Microscopy, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
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Cao J, Zhang D, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Wu S. Controlling Properties and Functions of Polymer Gels Using Photochemical Reactions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100703. [PMID: 35038195 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive polymer gels have attracted increasing interest owing to their potential applications in healable materials, drug release systems, and extracellular matrices. Because polymer gels provide suitable environments for photochemical reactions, their properties and functions can be controlled with light with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Herein, the design of photoresponsive polymer gels based on different types of photochemical reactions is introduced. The mechanism and applications of irreversible photoreactions, such as photoinduced free-radical polymerization, photoinduced click reactions, and photolysis, as well as reversible photoreactions such as photoinduced reversible cycloadditions, reversible photosubstitution of metal complexes, and photoinduced metathesis are reviewed. The remaining challenges of photoresponsive polymer gels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingning Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qijin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Si Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Peng K, Zheng L, Zhou T, Zhang C, Li H. Light manipulation for fabrication of hydrogels and their biological applications. Acta Biomater 2022; 137:20-43. [PMID: 34637933 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of biocompatible materials with desired functions is essential for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Hydrogels prepared from these materials represent an important class of soft matter for mimicking extracellular environments. In particular, dynamic hydrogels with responsiveness to environments are quite appealing because they can match the dynamics of biological processes. Among the external stimuli that can trigger responsive hydrogels, light is considered as a clean stimulus with high spatiotemporal resolution, complete bioorthogonality, and fine tunability regarding its wavelength and intensity. Therefore, photoresponsiveness has been broadly encoded in hydrogels for biological applications. Moreover, light can be used to initiate gelation during the fabrication of biocompatible hydrogels. Here, we present a critical review of light manipulation tools for the fabrication of hydrogels and for the regulation of physicochemical properties and functions of photoresponsive hydrogels. The materials, photo-initiated chemical reactions, and new prospects for light-induced gelation are introduced in the former part, while mechanisms to render hydrogels photoresponsive and their biological applications are discussed in the latter part. Subsequently, the challenges and potential research directions in this area are discussed, followed by a brief conclusion. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels play a vital role in the field of biomaterials owing to their water retention ability and biocompatibility. However, static hydrogels cannot meet the dynamic requirements of the biomedical field. As a stimulus with high spatiotemporal resolution, light is an ideal tool for both the fabrication and operation of hydrogels. In this review, light-induced hydrogelation and photoresponsive hydrogels are discussed in detail, and new prospects and emerging biological applications are described. To inspire more research studies in this promising area, the challenges and possible solutions are also presented.
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Khan F, Atif M, Haseen M, Kamal S, Khan MS, Shahid S, Nami SAA. Synthesis, classification and properties of hydrogels: their applications in drug delivery and agriculture. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:170-203. [PMID: 34889937 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Absorbent polymers or hydrogel polymer materials have an enhanced water retention capacity and are widely used in agriculture and medicine. The controlled release of bioactive molecules (especially drug proteins) by hydrogels and the encapsulation of living cells are some of the active areas of drug discovery research. Hydrogel-based delivery systems may result in a therapeutically advantageous outcome for drug delivery. They can provide various sequential therapeutic agents including macromolecular drugs, small molecule drugs, and cells to control the release of molecules. Due to their controllable degradability, ability to protect unstable drugs from degradation and flexible physical properties, hydrogels can be used as a platform in which various chemical and physical interactions with encapsulated drugs for controlled release in the system can be studied. Practically, hydrogels that possess biodegradable properties have aroused greater interest in drug delivery systems. The original three-dimensional structure gets broken down into non-toxic substances, thus confirming the excellent biocompatibility of the gel. Chemical crosslinking is a resource-rich method for forming hydrogels with excellent mechanical strength. But in some cases the crosslinker used in the synthesis of the hydrogels may cause some toxicity. However, the physically cross-linked hydrogel preparative method is an alternative solution to overcome the toxicity of cross-linkers. Hydrogels that are responsive to stimuli formed from various natural and synthetic polymers can show significant changes in their properties under external stimuli such as temperature, pH, light, ion changes, and redox potential. Stimulus-responsive hydrogels have a wider range of applications in biomedicine including drug delivery, gene delivery and tissue regeneration. Stimulus-responsive hydrogels loaded with multiple drugs show controlled and sustained drug release and can act as drug carriers. By integrating stimulus-responsive hydrogels, such as those with improved thermal responsiveness, pH responsiveness and dual responsiveness, into textile materials, advanced functions can be imparted to the textile materials, thereby improving the moisture and water retention performance, environmental responsiveness, aesthetic appeal, display and comfort of textiles. This review explores the stimuli-responsive hydrogels in drug delivery systems and examines super adsorbent hydrogels and their application in the field of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Mohd Atif
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Mohd Haseen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Shahid Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Mohd Shoeb Khan
- Interdisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shumaila Shahid
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Shahab A A Nami
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Wen N, Song T, Ji Z, Jiang D, Wu Z, Wang Y, Guo Z. Recent advancements in self-healing materials: Mechanicals, performances and features. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Understanding the Adsorption Capacity for CO2 in Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) and Modified Ones with Different Heteroatoms in Relation to Surface and Textural Characteristics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide is a material that has a variety of applications, especially in CO2 adsorption. The study of this research is the preparation of reduced graphene oxide with different heteroatoms and how the adsorption capacity is changed. The functionalization with other compounds bearing Si, S, N, and O was before reducing graphene oxide. Different monoliths were prepared by changing the ascorbic acid analogy and the temperature of reduction. The different porosity values, percentages of heteroatoms, and synthetic parameters show that the adsorption capacity is a complex procedure that can be affected by multiple parameters. Microporosity, different functionalities from heteroatoms, and high surface/volume of pores are the significant parameters that affect adsorption. All parameters should establish a balance among all parameters to achieve high adsorption of CO2.
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Zhao PC, Li W, Huang W, Li CH. A Self-Healing Polymer with Fast Elastic Recovery upon Stretching. Molecules 2020; 25:E597. [PMID: 32019143 PMCID: PMC7037885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of polymers that exhibit both good elasticity and self-healing properties is a highly challenging task. In spite of this, the literature reports highly stretchable self-healing polymers, but most of them exhibit slow elastic recovery behavior, i.e., they can only recover to their original length upon relaxation for a long time after stretching. Herein, a self-healing polymer with a fast elastic recovery property is demonstrated. We used 4-[tris(4-formylphenyl)methyl]benzaldehyde (TFPM) as a tetratopic linker to crosslink a poly(dimethylsiloxane) backbone, and obtained a self-healing polymer with high stretchability and fast elastic recovery upon stretching. The strain at break of the as-prepared polymer is observed at about 1400%. The polymer can immediately recover to its original length after being stretched. The damaged sample can be healed at room temperature with a healing efficiency up to 93% within 1 h. Such a polymer can be used for various applications, such as functioning as substrates or matrixes in soft actuators, electronic skins, biochips, and biosensors with prolonged lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China (W.L.)
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China (W.L.)
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China (W.L.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China (W.L.)
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11
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Li D, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Liang G, Gu A. Simultaneously achieving high strength, thermal resistance and high self‐healing efficiency for polyacrylate coating by constructing a Diels–Alder reversible covalent structure with multi‐maleimide terminated hyperbranched polysiloxane. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Youhao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Liang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Aijuan Gu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
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12
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Li L, Scheiger JM, Levkin PA. Design and Applications of Photoresponsive Hydrogels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807333. [PMID: 30848524 PMCID: PMC9285504 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are the most relevant biochemical scaffold due to their tunable properties, inherent biocompatibility, and similarity with tissue and cell environments. Over the past decade, hydrogels have developed from static materials to "smart" responsive materials adapting to various stimuli, such as pH, temperature, chemical, electrical, or light. Light stimulation is particularly interesting for many applications because of the capability of contact-free remote manipulation of biomaterial properties and inherent spatial and temporal control. Moreover, light can be finely adjusted in its intrinsic properties, such as wavelength and intensity (i.e., the energy of an individual photon as well as the number of photons over time). Water is almost transparent for light in the photochemically relevant range (NIR-UV), thus hydrogels are well-suited scaffolds for light-responsive functionality. Hydrogels' chemical and physical variety combined with light responsiveness makes photoresponsive hydrogels ideal candidates for applications in several fields, ranging from biomaterials, medicine to soft robotics. Herein, the progress and new developments in the field of light-responsive hydrogels are elaborated by first introducing the relevant photochemistries before discussing selected applications in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz Pl. 176344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan250100P. R. China
| | - Johannes M. Scheiger
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz Pl. 176344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Pavel A. Levkin
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz Pl. 176344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76131KarlsruheGermany
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