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Qian X, Mu N, Zhao X, Shi C, Jiang S, Wan M, Yu B. Novel self-healing and recyclable fire-retardant polyvinyl alcohol/borax hydrogel coatings for the fire safety of rigid polyurethane foam. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6097-6107. [PMID: 37526969 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00709j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) has attracted great attention as an insulation material, but its inherent flammability restricts its practical application. Developing a sustainable fire-retardant strategy that can improve its fire safety is particularly desirable and challenging. Herein, novel fire-retardant hydrogel coatings based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and borax are proposed and applied in RPUF, and the self-healing, recyclability and flame retardant properties of the coatings are investigated. The dynamic and reversible cross-linked networks based on the borate ester bonds and hydrogen bonds endow the hydrogels with excellent repairability, recyclability, and elasticity. Compared with a neat RUPF, the coated RPUF exhibited improved fire-retardant properties without the inherent advantages being influenced and can be reflected by the 8% increase in the limiting oxygen index (LOI), 20% reduction in total heat release (THR), and 25% decrease in total smoke production (TSP) with the coatings, along with a rapid self-quenching behavior. The novel hydrogel coatings provide a new strategy for the development of flame-retardant coatings, demonstrating the potential of the next generation of self-healing hydrogel coatings to reduce the fire risk of the RPUF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Nire Mu
- Institute of Safety Science and Engineering, School of Mechanicaland Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Xiaojiong Zhao
- Institute of Safety Science and Engineering, School of Mechanicaland Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Congling Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Saihua Jiang
- Institute of Safety Science and Engineering, School of Mechanicaland Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Mei Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Ko S, Chhetry A, Kim D, Yoon H, Park JY. Hysteresis-Free Double-Network Hydrogel-Based Strain Sensor for Wearable Smart Bioelectronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31363-31372. [PMID: 35764418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based electronics have attracted substantial attention in the field of biological engineering, energy storage devices, and soft actuators due to their resemblance to living tissues, biocompatibility, tunable softness, and consolidated structures. However, combining the properties of quick resilience, hysteresis-free, and robust mechanical properties in physically cross-linked hydrogels is still a great challenge. Herein, we present a vinyl hybrid silica nanoparticle (VSNPs)/polyacrylamide (PAAm)/alginate double-network hydrogel-based strain sensor with the characteristics of quick resilience, hysteresis-free, and a low limit of detection (LOD). The physical cross-linking among PAAm chains and covalent cross-linking between PAAm, alginate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide chains promotes excellent mechanical properties. Moreover, the incorporation of VSNPs reinforces the mechanical strength by the dynamic cross-linking of the PAAm network to maintain the integrity of the hydrogel and works as a stress buffer to dissipate energy. The as-prepared hydrogel-based sensor exhibits a strain sensitivity (i.e., gauge factor) of 1.73 (up to 100% strain), a response time of 0.16 s, an ultra-low electrical hysteresis of 2.43%, and a low LOD of 0.4%. The outstanding properties of the hydrogel are further used to illustrate the utility of the sensor in e-skin, ranging from low-strain applications, such as carotid pulse and artificial sound detection, to large bending applications, such as sign language translations. In addition, an efficient and cost-effective synthesis of double-network hydrogel that can overcome the bottleneck of the electromechanical properties of single network hydrogel has potential prospects in soft actuators, tissue engineering, and various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokgyu Ko
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Research (ASER) Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Chhetry
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Research (ASER) Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyun Kim
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Research (ASER) Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosang Yoon
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Research (ASER) Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Park
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Research (ASER) Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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Driest P, Dijkstra D, Stamatialis D, Grijpma D. Structure–Property
Relations in Semi‐crystalline Combinatorial Poly(urethane‐isocyanurate) Type Hydrogels. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.J. Driest
- Covestro Deutschland AG, CAS‐Global R&D 51373 Leverkusen Germany
- Technical Medical Centre, and Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology University of Twente, P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - D.J. Dijkstra
- Covestro Deutschland AG, CAS‐Global R&D 51373 Leverkusen Germany
| | - D. Stamatialis
- Technical Medical Centre, and Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology University of Twente, P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - D.W. Grijpma
- Technical Medical Centre, and Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology University of Twente, P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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Current State and Perspectives of Simulation and Modeling of Aliphatic Isocyanates and Polyisocyanates. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091642. [PMID: 35566811 PMCID: PMC9099476 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic isocyanates and polyisocyanates are central molecules in the fabrication of polyurethanes, coatings, and adhesives and, due to their excellent mechanical and stability properties, are continuously investigated in advanced applications; however, despite the growing interest in isocyanate-based systems, atomistic simulations on them have been limited by the lack of accurate parametrizations for these molecular species. In this review, we will first provide an overview of current research on isocyanate systems to highlight their most promising applications, especially in fields far from their typical usage, and to justify the need for further modeling works. Next, we will discuss the state of their modeling, from first-principle studies to atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and coarse-grained approaches, highlighting the recent advances in atomistic modeling. Finally, the most promising lines of research in the modeling of isocyanates are discussed in light of the possibilities opened by novel approaches, such as machine learning.
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Kim Y, Song J, Park SC, Ahn M, Park MJ, Song SH, Yoo SY, Hong SG, Hong BH. Photoinitiated Polymerization of Hydrogels by Graphene Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2169. [PMID: 34578487 PMCID: PMC8470854 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As a smart stimulus-responsive material, hydrogel has been investigated extensively in many research fields. However, its mechanical brittleness and low strength have mattered, and conventional photoinitiators used during the polymerization steps exhibit high toxicity, which limits the use of hydrogels in the field of biomedical applications. Here, we address the dual functions of graphene quantum dots (GQDs), one to trigger the synthesis of hydrogel as photoinitiators and the other to improve the mechanical strength of the as-synthesized hydrogel. GQDs embedded in the network effectively generated radicals when exposed to sunlight, leading to the initiation of polymerization, and also played a significant role in improving the mechanical strength of the crosslinked chains. Thus, we expect that the resulting hydrogel incorporated with GQDs would enable a wide range of applications that require biocompatibility as well as higher mechanical strength, including novel hydrogel contact lenses and bioscaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (M.J.P.)
- Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Jaekwang Song
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (M.J.P.)
- Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Seong Chae Park
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Minchul Ahn
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (M.J.P.)
- Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (M.J.P.)
- Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Sung Hyuk Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Si-Youl Yoo
- Interojo Inc., Pyeongtaek 17744, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (S.G.H.)
| | | | - Byung Hee Hong
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (M.J.P.)
- Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
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Lenzi V, Ramos MMD, Marques LSA. Dissipative particle dynamics simulations of end-cross-linked nanogels. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1859111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veniero Lenzi
- Center of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta M. D. Ramos
- Center of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Luís S. A. Marques
- Center of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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Arévalo-Alquichire S, Dominguez-paz C, Valero MF. Mechanical Assessment and Hyperelastic Modeling of Polyurethanes for the Early Stages of Vascular Graft Design. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13214973. [PMID: 33167333 PMCID: PMC7663800 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The material design of vascular grafts is required for their application in the health sector. The use of polyurethanes (PUs) in vascular grafts intended for application in the body appears to be adequate due to the fact that native tissues have similar properties as PUs. However, the influence of chemical structure on the biomechanics of PUs remains poorly described. The use of constitutive models, together with numerical studies, is a powerful tool for evaluating the mechanical behavior of materials under specific physiological conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the mechanical properties of different PU mixtures formed by polycaprolactone diol, polyethylene glycol, and pentaerythritol using uniaxial tensile, strain sweep, and multistep creep-recovery tests. Evaluations of the properties were also recorded after samples had been soaked in phosphate-buffer saline (PBS) to simulate physiological conditions. A hyperelastic model based on the Mooney–Rivlin strain density function was employed to model the performance of PUs under physiological pressure and geometry conditions. The results show that the inclusion of polyethylene glycol enhanced viscous flow, while polycaprolactone diol increased the elastic behavior. Furthermore, tensile tests revealed that hydration had an important effect on the softening phenomenon. Additionally, after the hydration of PUs, the ultimate strength was similar to those reported for other vascular conduits. Lastly, hyperelastic models revealed that the compliance of the PUs showed a cyclic behavior within the tested time and pressure conditions and is affected by the material composition. However, the compliance was not affected by the geometry of the materials. These tests demonstrate that the materials whose compositions are 5–90–5 and 46.3–46.3–7.5 could be employed in the designs of vascular grafts for medical applications since they present the largest value of compliance, ultimate strength, and elongation at break in the range of reported blood vessels, thus indicating their suitability. Moreover, the polyurethanes were revealed to undergo softening after hydration, which could reduce the risk of vascular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Arévalo-Alquichire
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group, GEMA, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia; (S.A.-A.); (C.D.-p.)
- The Doctoral Program of Biosciences, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Carlos Dominguez-paz
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group, GEMA, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia; (S.A.-A.); (C.D.-p.)
- Department of Prototypes and Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - Manuel F. Valero
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group, GEMA, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia; (S.A.-A.); (C.D.-p.)
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Processes, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
- Correspondence:
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