1
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Zhou D, Zheng Y, Luo Q, Gao D, Fu Q, Zhang K, Xia Z, Wang L. Preparation of an aspartame and N-isopropyl acrylamide copolymer functionalized stationary phase with multi-mode and chiral separation abilities. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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2
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Guldbrandsen A, Lereim RR, Jacobsen M, Garberg H, Kroksveen AC, Barsnes H, Berven FS. Development of robust targeted proteomics assays for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:33. [PMID: 32963504 PMCID: PMC7499868 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Verification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases is a major challenge due to a large number of candidates, limited sample material availability, disease and biological heterogeneity, and the lack of standardized assays. Furthermore, verification studies are often based on a low number of proteins from a single discovery experiment in medium-sized cohorts, where antibodies and surrogate peptides may differ, thus only providing an indication of proteins affected by the disease and not revealing the bigger picture or concluding on the validity of the markers. We here present a standard approach for locating promising biomarker candidates based on existing knowledge, resulting in high-quality assays covering the main biological processes affected by multiple sclerosis for comparable measurements over time. Methods Biomarker candidates were located in CSF-PR (proteomics.uib.no/csf-pr), and further filtered based on estimated concentration in CSF and biological function. Peptide surrogates for internal standards were selected according to relevant criteria, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays created, and extensive assay quality testing performed, i.e. intra- and inter-day variation, trypsin digestion status over time, and whether the peptides were able to separate multiple sclerosis patients and controls. Results Assays were developed for 25 proteins, represented by 72 peptides selected according to relevant guidelines and available literature and tested for assay peptide suitability. Stability testing revealed 64 peptides with low intra- and inter-day variations, with 44 also being stably digested after 16 h of trypsin digestion, and 37 furthermore showing a significant difference between multiple sclerosis and controls, thereby confirming literature findings. Calibration curves and the linear area of measurement have, so far, been determined for 17 of these peptides. Conclusions We present 37 high-quality PRM assays across 21 CSF-proteins found to be affected by multiple sclerosis, along with a recommended workflow for future development of new assays. The assays can directly be used by others, thus enabling better comparison between studies. Finally, the assays can robustly and stably monitor biological processes in multiple sclerosis patients over time, thus potentially aiding in diagnosis and prognosis, and ultimately in treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Guldbrandsen
- Proteomics Unit, PROBE, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Computational Biology Unit, CBU, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Reehorst Lereim
- Proteomics Unit, PROBE, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Computational Biology Unit, CBU, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Jacobsen
- Proteomics Unit, PROBE, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hilde Garberg
- Biobank Haukeland, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Harald Barsnes
- Proteomics Unit, PROBE, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Computational Biology Unit, CBU, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode S Berven
- Proteomics Unit, PROBE, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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3
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A Critical Review of Bottom-Up Proteomics: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of this Field. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030014. [PMID: 32640657 PMCID: PMC7564415 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics is the field of study that includes the analysis of proteins, from either a basic science prospective or a clinical one. Proteins can be investigated for their abundance, variety of proteoforms due to post-translational modifications (PTMs), and their stable or transient protein–protein interactions. This can be especially beneficial in the clinical setting when studying proteins involved in different diseases and conditions. Here, we aim to describe a bottom-up proteomics workflow from sample preparation to data analysis, including all of its benefits and pitfalls. We also describe potential improvements in this type of proteomics workflow for the future.
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4
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Lobas AA, Levitsky LI, Fichtenbaum A, Surin AK, Pridatchenko ML, Mitulovic G, Gorshkov AV, Gorshkov MV. Predictive Liquid Chromatography of Peptides Based on Hydrophilic Interactions for Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817140076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Yu P, Petzoldt S, Wilhelm M, Zolg DP, Zheng R, Sun X, Liu X, Schneider G, Huhmer A, Kuster B. Trimodal Mixed Mode Chromatography That Enables Efficient Offline Two-Dimensional Peptide Fractionation for Proteome Analysis. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8884-8891. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Svenja Petzoldt
- Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Runsheng Zheng
- Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Xuefei Sun
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States
| | - Günter Schneider
- Department
of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Huhmer
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, 85354 Freising, Germany
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6
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Oveland E, Nystad A, Berven F, Myhr KM, Torkildsen Ø, Wergeland S. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin-D3 induces brain proteomic changes in cuprizone mice during remyelination involving calcium proteins. Neurochem Int 2017; 112:267-277. [PMID: 28818673 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation of vitamin D is commonly recommended to patients with multiple sclerosis. We recently found that high-dose of the hormonally active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3 (1,25D) promotes myelin repair in the cuprizone model for de- and remyelination. In the present study, we quantified 5062 proteins, of which 125 were differentially regulated in brain tissue from 1,25D treated mice during remyelination, compared to placebo. Proteins upregulated in the early remyelination phase were involved in calcium binding, e.g. calretinin (>1.3 fold, p < 0.005), S10A5 and secretagogin, and involved in mitochondrial function, e.g. NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3, and acyl-coenzyme A synthetase. Calretinin, S10A5 and secretagogin expression levels were characterized using immunohistochemistry. Calretinin immunoreactivity was significantly increased (>3 fold, p = 0.016) in the medial septal nuclei of 1,25D treated mice in the early remyelination phase. Our results indicate that vitamin D may influence remyelination by mechanisms involving an increase in calretinin expression and potentially other calcium binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eystein Oveland
- Proteomics Unit at University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Kristian Gerhard Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agnes Nystad
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Berven
- Proteomics Unit at University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Kristian Gerhard Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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7
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Improving Proteome Coverage by Reducing Sample Complexity via Chromatography. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 919:83-143. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41448-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Minshull TC, Cole J, Dockrell DH, Read RC, Dickman MJ. Analysis of histone post translational modifications in primary monocyte derived macrophages using reverse phase×reverse phase chromatography in conjunction with porous graphitic carbon stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1453:43-53. [PMID: 27260198 PMCID: PMC4906248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A two dimensional-liquid chromatography (2D-LC) based approach was developed for the identification and quantification of histone post translational modifications in conjunction with mass spectrometry analysis. Using a bottom-up strategy, offline 2D-LC was developed using reverse phase chromatography. A porous graphitic carbon stationary phase in the first dimension and a C18 stationary phase in the second dimension interfaced with mass spectrometry was used to analyse global levels of histone post translational modifications in human primary monocyte-derived macrophages. The results demonstrated that 84 different histone peptide proteoforms, with modifications at 18 different sites including combinatorial marks were identified, representing an increase in the identification of histone peptides by 65% and 51% compared to two different 1D-LC approaches on the same mass spectrometer. The use of the porous graphitic stationary phase in the first dimension resulted in efficient separation of histone peptides across the gradient, with good resolution and is orthogonal to the online C18 reverse phase chromatography. Overall, more histone peptides were identified using the 2D-LC approach compared to conventional 1D-LC approaches. In addition, a bioinformatic pipeline was developed in-house to enable the high throughput efficient and accurate quantification of fractionated histone peptides. The automation of a section of the downstream analysis pipeline increased the throughput of the 2D-LC-MS/MS approach for the quantification of histone post translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Minshull
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, United Kingdom
| | - Joby Cole
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, United Kingdom
| | - David H Dockrell
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C Read
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO166YD, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
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9
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Complementary PTM Profiling of Drug Response in Human Gastric Carcinoma by Immunoaffinity and IMAC Methods with Total Proteome Analysis. Proteomes 2015; 3:160-183. [PMID: 28248267 PMCID: PMC5217380 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes3030160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaining insight into normal cellular signaling and disease biology is a critical goal of proteomic analyses. The ability to perform these studies successfully to extract the maximum value and discovery of biologically relevant candidate biomarkers is therefore of primary importance. Many successful studies in the past have focused on total proteome analysis (changes at the protein level) combined with phosphorylation analysis by metal affinity enrichment (changes at the PTM level). Here, we use the gastric carcinoma cell line MKN-45 treated with the c-Met inhibitor SU11274 and PKC inhibitor staurosporine to investigate the most efficient and most comprehensive strategies for both total protein and PTM analysis. Under the conditions used, total protein analysis yielded few changes in response to either compound, while analysis of phosphorylation identified thousands of sites that changed differentially between the two treatments. Both metal affinity and antibody-based enrichments were used to assess phosphopeptide changes, and the data generated by the two methods was largely complementary (non-overlapping). Label-free quantitation of peptide peak abundances was used to accurately determine fold-changes between control and treated samples. Protein interaction network analysis allowed the data to be placed in a biologically relevant context, and follow-up validation of selected findings confirmed the accuracy of the proteomic data. Together, this study provides a framework for start-to-finish proteomic analysis of any experimental system under investigation to maximize the value of the proteomic study and yield the best chance for uncovering actionable target candidates.
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10
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Bryan RT, Regan HL, Pirrie SJ, Devall AJ, Cheng KK, Zeegers MP, James ND, Knowles MA, Ward DG. Protein shedding in urothelial bladder cancer: prognostic implications of soluble urinary EGFR and EpCAM. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1052-8. [PMID: 25719831 PMCID: PMC4366887 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Better biomarkers must be found to develop clinically useful urine tests for bladder cancer. Proteomics can be used to identify the proteins released by cancer cell lines and generate candidate markers for developing such tests. Methods: We used shotgun proteomics to identify proteins released into culture media by eight bladder cancer cell lines. These data were compared with protein expression data from the Human Protein Atlas. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was identified as a candidate biomarker and measured by ELISA in urine from 60 noncancer control subjects and from 436 patients with bladder cancer and long-term clinical follow-up. Results: Bladder cancer cell lines shed soluble EGFR ectodomain. Soluble EGFR is also detectable in urine and is highly elevated in some patients with high-grade bladder cancer. Urinary EGFR is an independent indicator of poor bladder cancer-specific survival with a hazard ratio of 2.89 (95% CI 1.81–4.62, P<0.001). In multivariable models including both urinary EGFR and EpCAM, both biomarkers are predictive of bladder cancer-specific survival and have prognostic value over and above that provided by standard clinical observations. Conclusions: Measuring urinary EGFR and EpCAM may represent a simple and useful approach for fast-tracking the investigation and treatment of patients with the most aggressive bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Bryan
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - H L Regan
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - S J Pirrie
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - A J Devall
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - K K Cheng
- School of Population and Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - M P Zeegers
- 1] School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK [2] Department of Complex Genetics, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N D James
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - M A Knowles
- Section of Experimental Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - D G Ward
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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11
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Viphakone N, Cumberbatch MG, Livingstone MJ, Heath PR, Dickman MJ, Catto JW, Wilson SA. Luzp4 defines a new mRNA export pathway in cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:2353-66. [PMID: 25662211 PMCID: PMC4344508 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) represented a poorly characterized group of proteins whose expression is normally restricted to testis but are frequently up-regulated in cancer cells. Here we show that one CTA, Luzp4, is an mRNA export adaptor. It associates with the TREX mRNA export complex subunit Uap56 and harbours a Uap56 binding motif, conserved in other mRNA export adaptors. Luzp4 binds the principal mRNA export receptor Nxf1, enhances its RNA binding activity and complements Alyref knockdown in vivo. Whilst Luzp4 is up-regulated in a range of tumours, it appears preferentially expressed in melanoma cells where it is required for growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Viphakone
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marcus G Cumberbatch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK Academic Urology Unit, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michaela J Livingstone
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, UK
| | - James W Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stuart A Wilson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
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12
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Exploring the human plasma proteome for humoral mediators of remote ischemic preconditioning--a word of caution. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109279. [PMID: 25333471 PMCID: PMC4198105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in early revascularization techniques, cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death worldwide, and myocardial infarctions contribute heavily to this. Over the past decades, it has become apparent that reperfusion of blood to a previously ischemic area of the heart causes damage in and of itself, and that this ischemia reperfusion induced injury can be reduced by up to 50% by mechanical manipulation of the blood flow to the heart. The recent discovery of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) provides a non-invasive approach of inducing this cardioprotection at a distance. Finding its endogenous mediators and their operative mode is an important step toward increasing the ischemic tolerance. The release of humoral factor(s) upon RIPC was recently demonstrated and several candidate proteins were published as possible mediators of the cardioprotection. Before clinical applicability, these potential biomarkers and their efficiency must be validated, a task made challenging by the large heterogeneity in reported data and results. Here, in an attempt to reproduce and provide more experimental data on these mediators, we conducted an unbiased in-depth analysis of the human plasma proteome before and after RIPC. From the 68 protein markers reported in the literature, only 28 could be mapped to manually reviewed (Swiss-Prot) protein sequences. 23 of them were monitored in our untargeted experiment. However, their significant regulation could not be reproducibly estimated. In fact, among the 394 plasma proteins we accurately quantified, no significant regulation could be confidently and reproducibly assessed. This indicates that it is difficult to both monitor and reproduce published data from experiments exploring for RIPC induced plasma proteomic regulations, and suggests that further work should be directed towards small humoral factors. To simplify this task, we made our proteomic dataset available via ProteomeXchange, where scientists can mine for novel potential targets.
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13
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Li D, Dück R, Schmitz OJ. The advantage of mixed-mode separation in the first dimension of comprehensive two-dimensional liquid-chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1358:128-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Guldbrandsen A, Vethe H, Farag Y, Oveland E, Garberg H, Berle M, Myhr KM, Opsahl JA, Barsnes H, Berven FS. In-depth characterization of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome displayed through the CSF proteome resource (CSF-PR). Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3152-63. [PMID: 25038066 PMCID: PMC4223498 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.038554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome was mapped using three different strategies prior to Orbitrap LC-MS/MS analysis: SDS-PAGE and mixed mode reversed phase-anion exchange for mapping the global CSF proteome, and hydrazide-based glycopeptide capture for mapping glycopeptides. A maximal protein set of 3081 proteins (28,811 peptide sequences) was identified, of which 520 were identified as glycoproteins from the glycopeptide enrichment strategy, including 1121 glycopeptides and their glycosylation sites. To our knowledge, this is the largest number of identified proteins and glycopeptides reported for CSF, including 417 glycosylation sites not previously reported. From parallel plasma samples, we identified 1050 proteins (9739 peptide sequences). An overlap of 877 proteins was found between the two body fluids, whereas 2204 proteins were identified only in CSF and 173 only in plasma. All mapping results are freely available via the new CSF Proteome Resource (http://probe.uib.no/csf-pr), which can be used to navigate the CSF proteome and help guide the selection of signature peptides in targeted quantitative proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Guldbrandsen
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; §KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Heidrun Vethe
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yehia Farag
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; ¶Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eystein Oveland
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; §KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; ‖Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hilde Garberg
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Magnus Berle
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; **Surgical Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- §KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; ‡‡Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jill A Opsahl
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; §KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Harald Barsnes
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode S Berven
- From the ‡Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; §KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; §§Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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15
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Shliaha PV, Jukes-Jones R, Christoforou A, Fox J, Hughes C, Langridge J, Cain K, Lilley KS. Additional Precursor Purification in Isobaric Mass Tagging Experiments by Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Separation (TWIMS). J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3360-9. [DOI: 10.1021/pr500220g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V. Shliaha
- Cambridge
Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | | | - Andy Christoforou
- Cambridge
Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Jonathan Fox
- Waters Corporation,
HRMS, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Chris Hughes
- Waters Corporation,
HRMS, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - James Langridge
- Waters Corporation,
HRMS, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Kelvin Cain
- MRC
Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K
| | - Kathryn S. Lilley
- Cambridge
Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
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16
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SCX charge state selective separation of tryptic peptides combined with 2D-RP-HPLC allows for detailed proteome mapping. J Proteomics 2013; 91:164-71. [PMID: 23851314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multidimensional peptide fractionation is widely used in proteomics to reduce the complexity of peptide mixtures prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Here, we describe the sequential use of strong cation exchange and reversed phase liquid chromatography in both basic and acidic pH buffers for separating tryptic peptides from complex mixtures of proteins. Strong cation exchange exclusively separates peptide by their charge state into neutral, singly and multi-charged species. To further reduce complexity, each peptide group was separated by reversed phase liquid chromatography at basic pH and the resultant fractions were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. This workflow was applied to a soluble protein lysate from mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, and more than 5000 proteins from 29,843 peptides were identified. The high selectivity displayed during the SCX step (93% to 100%) and the overlaps between proteins identified from the SCX-separated peptide groups, are interesting assets of the procedure. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The present work shows how complex mixture of peptides can be selectively separated by SCX based essentially on the net charge of peptides. The proposed workflow results in three well-defined subset of peptides of specific amino acid composition, which are representative of the constituent proteins. The very high selectivity obtained (93% to 99%) on the peptide side, underscores for the first time the possibility of SCX chromatography to aid in validating identified peptides.
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Study of Retention Mechanism of a Mixed-Mode Stationary Phase and Its Application for the Simultaneous Determination of Ten Water- and Fat-Soluble Vitamins by HPLC–UV. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Singhal R, Carrigan JB, Wei W, Taniere P, Hejmadi RK, Forde C, Ludwig C, Bunch J, Griffiths RL, Johnson PJ, Tucker O, Alderson D, Günther UL, Ward DG. MALDI profiles of proteins and lipids for the rapid characterisation of upper GI-tract cancers. J Proteomics 2013; 80:207-15. [PMID: 23376328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify a reliable MALDI 'cancer fingerprint' to aid in the rapid detection and characterisation of malignant upper GI-tract disease from endoscopic biopsies. METHODS A total of 183 tissue biopsies were collected from 126 patients with or without oesophago-gastric malignancy and proteins and lipids separated by methanol/chloroform extraction. Peak intensities in the lipid and protein MALDI spectra from five types of samples (normal oesophageal mucosa from controls, normal oesophageal mucosa from patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, nondysplastic Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, normal gastric mucosa and gastric adenocarcinoma) were compared using non-parametric statistical tests and ROC analyses. RESULTS Normal oesophageal and gastric tissue generated distinct MALDI spectra characterised by higher levels of calgranulins in oesophageal tissue. MALDI spectra of polypeptides and lipids discriminated between oesophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's and normal oesophagus, and between gastric cancer and normal stomach. Many down-regulations were unique to each cancer type whilst some up-regulations, most notably increased HNPs 1-3, were common. CONCLUSIONS MALDI spectra of small tissue biopsies generated with this straightforward method can be used to rapidly detect numerous cancer-associated biochemical changes. These can be used to identify upper GI-tract cancers regardless of tumour location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Singhal
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - John B Carrigan
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wenbin Wei
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Rahul K Hejmadi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Colm Forde
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Christian Ludwig
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Josephine Bunch
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rian L Griffiths
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Philip J Johnson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Olga Tucker
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Derek Alderson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ulrich L Günther
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Douglas G Ward
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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19
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Ritorto MS, Cook K, Tyagi K, Pedrioli PGA, Trost M. Hydrophilic strong anion exchange (hSAX) chromatography for highly orthogonal peptide separation of complex proteomes. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2449-57. [PMID: 23294059 PMCID: PMC3679572 DOI: 10.1021/pr301011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
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Due to its compatibility and orthogonality to reversed
phase (RP)
liquid chromatography (LC) separation, ion exchange chromatography,
and mainly strong cation exchange (SCX), has often been the first
choice in multidimensional LC experiments in proteomics. Here, we
have tested the ability of three strong anion exchanger (SAX) columns
differing in their hydrophobicity to fractionate RAW264.7 macrophage
cell lysate. IonPac AS24, a strong anion exchange material with ultralow
hydrophobicity, demonstrated to be superior to other materials by
fractionation and separation of tryptic peptides from both a mixture
of 6 proteins as well as mouse cell lysate. The chromatography displayed
very high orthogonality and high robustness depending on the hydrophilicity
of column chemistry, which we termed hydrophilic strong anion exchange
(hSAX). Mass spectrometry analysis of 34 SAX fractions from RAW264.7
macrophage cell lysate digest resulted in an identification of 9469
unique proteins and 126318 distinct peptides in one week of instrument
time. Moreover, when compared to an optimized high pH/low pH RP separation
approach, the method presented here raised the identification of proteins
and peptides by 10 and 28%, respectively. This novel hSAX approach
provides robust, reproducible, and highly orthogonal separation of
complex protein digest samples for deep coverage proteome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Ritorto
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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20
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Chugh S, Sharma P, Kislinger T, Gramolini AO. Clinical proteomics: getting to the heart of the matter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:377. [PMID: 22715282 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.110.957761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaan Chugh
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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Jafari M, Primo V, Smejkal GB, Moskovets EV, Kuo WP, Ivanov AR. Comparison of in-gel protein separation techniques commonly used for fractionation in mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2516-26. [PMID: 22899259 PMCID: PMC4234072 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fractionation of complex samples at the cellular, subcellular, protein, or peptide level is an indispensable strategy to improve the sensitivity in mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling. This study revisits, evaluates, and compares the most common gel-based protein separation techniques i.e. 1D SDS-PAGE, 1D preparative SDS-PAGE, IEF-IPG, and 2D-PAGE in their performance as fractionation approaches in nano LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of a mixture of protein standards and mitochondrial extracts isolated from rat liver. This work demonstrates that all the above techniques provide complementary protein identification results, but 1D SDS-PAGE and IEF-IPG had the highest number of identifications. The IEF-IPG technique resulted in the highest average number of detected peptides per protein. The 2D-PAGE was evaluated as a protein fractionation approach. This work shows that the recovery of proteins and resulting proteolytic digests is highly dependent on the total volume of the gel matrix. The performed comparison of the fractionation techniques demonstrates the potential of a combination of orthogonal 1D SDS-PAGE and IEF-IPG for the improved sensitivity of profiling without significant decrease in throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohieddin Jafari
- HSPH Proteomics Resource, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Paramedical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- School of Computer Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Vincent Primo
- Harvard Catalyst, The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary B. Smejkal
- Harvard Catalyst, The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Winston P. Kuo
- Harvard Catalyst, The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Developmental Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- HSPH Proteomics Resource, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Di Palma S, Hennrich ML, Heck AJ, Mohammed S. Recent advances in peptide separation by multidimensional liquid chromatography for proteome analysis. J Proteomics 2012; 75:3791-813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Antberg L, Cifani P, Sandin M, Levander F, James P. Critical Comparison of Multidimensional Separation Methods for Increasing Protein Expression Coverage. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2644-52. [DOI: 10.1021/pr201257y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linn Antberg
- Protein Technology,
Department of Immunotechnology,
CREATE Health, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Paolo Cifani
- Protein Technology,
Department of Immunotechnology,
CREATE Health, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Marianne Sandin
- Protein Technology,
Department of Immunotechnology,
CREATE Health, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Levander
- Protein Technology,
Department of Immunotechnology,
CREATE Health, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Peter James
- Protein Technology,
Department of Immunotechnology,
CREATE Health, Lund University, Sweden
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24
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Evans C, Noirel J, Ow SY, Salim M, Pereira-Medrano AG, Couto N, Pandhal J, Smith D, Pham TK, Karunakaran E, Zou X, Biggs CA, Wright PC. An insight into iTRAQ: where do we stand now? Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1011-27. [PMID: 22451173 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) technique is widely employed in proteomic workflows requiring relative quantification. Here, we review the iTRAQ literature; in particular, we focus on iTRAQ usage in relation to other commonly used quantitative techniques e.g. stable isotope labelling in culture (SILAC), label-free methods and selected reaction monitoring (SRM). As a result, we identify several issues arising with respect to iTRAQ. Perhaps frustratingly, iTRAQ's attractiveness has been undermined by a number of technical and analytical limitations: it may not be truly quantitative, as the changes in abundance reported will generally be underestimated. We discuss weaknesses and strengths of iTRAQ as a methodology for relative quantification in the light of this and other technical issues. We focus on technical developments targeted at iTRAQ accuracy and precision, use of 4-plex over 8-plex reagents and application of iTRAQ to post-translational modification (PTM) workflows. We also discuss iTRAQ in relation to label-free approaches, to which iTRAQ is losing ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Evans
- The ChELSI Institute, Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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25
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Yang Y, Geng X. Mixed-mode chromatography and its applications to biopolymers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8813-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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26
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Hao P, Qian J, Ren Y, Sze SK. Electrostatic repulsion-hydrophilic interaction chromatography (ERLIC) versus strong cation exchange (SCX) for fractionation of iTRAQ-labeled peptides. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:5568-74. [PMID: 22014306 DOI: 10.1021/pr2007686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The iTRAQ technique is popular for the comparative analysis of proteins in different complex samples. To increase the dynamic range and sensitivity of peptide identification in shotgun proteomics, SCX chromatography is generally used for the fractionation of iTRAQ-labeled peptides before LC-MS/MS analysis. However, SCX suffers from clustering of similarly charged peptides and the need to desalt fractions. In this report, SCX is compared with the alternative ERLIC method for fractionating iTRAQ-labeled peptides. The simultaneous effect of electrostatic repulsion and hydrophilic interaction in ERLIC results in peptide elution in order of decreasing pI and GRAVY values (increasing polarity). Volatile solvents can be used. We applied ERLIC to iTRAQ-labeled peptides from rat liver tissue, and 2745 proteins and 30,016 unique peptides were identified with high confidence from three technical replicates. This was 12.9 and 49.4% higher, respectively, than was obtained using SCX. In addition, ERLIC is appreciably better at the identification of highly hydrophobic peptides. The results indicate that ERLIC is a more convenient and more effective alternative to SCX for the fractionation of iTRAQ-labeled peptides. Quantification data show that both SCX and ERLIC fractionation have no significant effect on protein quantification by iTRAQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piliang Hao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
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27
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Zhou F, Sikorski TW, Ficarro SB, Webber JT, Marto JA. Online nanoflow reversed phase-strong anion exchange-reversed phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry platform for efficient and in-depth proteome sequence analysis of complex organisms. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6996-7005. [PMID: 21851055 PMCID: PMC3196608 DOI: 10.1021/ac200639v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic range of protein expression in complex organisms coupled with the stochastic nature of discovery-driven tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis continues to impede comprehensive sequence analysis and often provides only limited information for low-abundance proteins. High-performance fractionation of proteins or peptides prior to mass spectrometry analysis can mitigate these effects, though achieving an optimal combination of automation, reproducibility, separation peak capacity, and sample yield remains a significant challenge. Here we demonstrate an automated nanoflow 3-D liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS platform based on high-pH reversed phase (RP), strong anion exchange (SAX), and low-pH reversed phase (RP) separation stages for analysis of complex proteomes. We observed that RP-SAX-RP outperformed RP-RP for analysis of tryptic peptides derived from Escherichia coli and enabled identification of proteins present at a level of 50 copies per cell in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, corresponding to an estimated detection limit of 500 amol, from 40 μg of total lysate on a low-resolution 3-D ion trap mass spectrometer. A similar study performed on a LTQ-Orbitrap yielded over 4000 unique proteins from 5 μg of total yeast lysate analyzed in a single, 101 fraction RP-SAX-RP LC-MS/MS acquisition, providing an estimated detection limit of 65 amol for proteins expressed at 50 copies per cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
| | - Timothy W. Sikorski
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
| | - Scott B. Ficarro
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
| | - James T. Webber
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
| | - Jarrod A. Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-6084
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28
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Ow SY, Salim M, Noirel J, Evans C, Wright PC. Minimising iTRAQ ratio compression through understanding LC-MS elution dependence and high-resolution HILIC fractionation. Proteomics 2011; 11:2341-6. [PMID: 21548092 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Application of iTRAQ-based workflows for protein profiling has become widespread. Concomitantly, the idiosyncratic limitations of iTRAQ, such as its tendency to underestimate quantifications, have been studied and recognised. This report shows that the influence of ratio compression and limiting transmission in iTRAQ MS/MS in high-complexity mixtures (iTRAQ-labelled lysates) can be partly alleviated using high-resolution sample fractionation. Here, we also investigate in greater detail the dependency of iTRAQ quantification on the dynamics of online chromatography in low-complexity mixtures (iTRAQ-labelled standards). These findings will allow more efficient strategies to be designed for iTRAQ proteomics, alleviating iTRAQ underestimation and thus facilitating the detection of subtle abundance changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saw Yen Ow
- ChELSI Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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29
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Multi-modal applicability of a reversed-phase/weak-anion exchange material in reversed-phase, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, hydrophilic interaction and hydrophobic interaction chromatography modes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:2517-30. [PMID: 21336792 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4755-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We recently introduced a mixed-mode reversed-phase/weak anion-exchange type separation material based on silica particles which consisted of a hydrophobic alkyl strand with polar embedded groups (thioether and amide functionalities) and a terminal weak anion-exchange-type quinuclidine moiety. This stationary phase was designed to separate molecules by lipophilicity and charge differences and was mainly devised for peptide separations with hydroorganic reversed-phase type elution conditions. Herein, we demonstrate the extraordinary flexibility of this RP/WAX phase, in particular for peptide separations, by illustrating its applicability in various chromatographic modes. The column packed with this material can, depending on the solute character and employed elution conditions, exploit attractive or repulsive electrostatic interactions, and/or hydrophobic or hydrophilic interactions as retention and selectivity increments. As a consequence, the column can be operated in a reversed-phase mode (neutral compounds), anion-exchange mode (acidic compounds), ion-exclusion chromatography mode (cationic solutes), hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode (polar compounds), and hydrophobic interaction chromatography mode (e.g., hydrophobic peptides). Mixed-modes of these chromatographic retention principles may be materialized as well. This allows an exceptionally flexible adjustment of retention and selectivity by tuning experimental conditions. The distinct separation mechanisms will be outlined by selected examples of peptide separations in the different modes.
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30
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Abstract
Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes capable of using sunlight as their energy, water as an electron donor, and air as a source of carbon and, for some nitrogen-fixing strains, nitrogen. Compared to algae and plants, cyanobacteria are much easier to genetically engineer, and many of the standard biological parts available for Synthetic Biology applications in Escherichia coli can also be used in cyanobacteria. However, characterization of such parts in cyanobacteria reveals differences in performance when compared to E. coli, emphasizing the importance of detailed characterization in the cellular context of a biological chassis. Furthermore, cyanobacteria possess special characteristics (e.g., multiple copies of their chromosomes, high content of photosynthetically active proteins in the thylakoids, the presence of exopolysaccharides and extracellular glycolipids, and the existence of a circadian rhythm) that have to be taken into account when genetically engineering them. With this chapter, the synthetic biologist is given an overview of existing biological parts, tools and protocols for the genetic engineering, and molecular analysis of cyanobacteria for Synthetic Biology applications.
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