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Liu H, Liu C, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Wang Z, Huang J. Similar construction of spicules and shell plates: Implications for the origin of chiton biomineralization. J Proteomics 2024; 296:105126. [PMID: 38364902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The hard shells of mollusks are products of biomineralization, a distinctive feature of the Cambrian explosion. Despite our understanding of shell structure and mechanical properties, their origin remains mysterious. In addition to their shell plates, most chitons have calcium deposits on their girdles. However, the similarity of these two mineralized structures still needs to be determined, limiting our comprehension of their origins. In our study, we analyzed the matrix proteins in the spicules of chiton (Acanthopleura loochooana) and compared them with the matrix proteins in the shells of the same species. Proteomics identified 96 unique matrix proteins in spicules. Comparison of biomineralization-related matrix proteins in shell plates and spicules revealed shared proteins, including carbonic anhydrases, tyrosinase-hemocyanin, von Willebrand factor type A, cadherin, and glycine-rich unknown proteins. Based on similarities in key matrix proteins, we propose that spicules and shell plates originated from a common mineralization system in their ancestral lineage, suggesting the existence of a common core or toolkit of matrix proteins among calcifying organisms. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we try to understand the types and diversity of matrix proteins in the biomineralization of chiton shell plates and spicules. Through a comparative analysis, we seek insights into the core biomineralization toolkit of ancestral mollusks. To achieve this, we conducted LC-MS/MS and RT-qPCR analyses to identify the types and relative expression levels of matrix proteins in both shell plates and spicules. The analysis revealed 96 matrix proteins in the spicules. A comparison of biomineralization-related matrix proteins in shell plates and spicules from the same species revealed shared proteins including many unknown proteins unique to chitons. Blast searching reveals a universal conservation of these proteins among other chitons. Hence, we propose that spicules and shell plates originated from a common mineralization system in their ancestral lineage. Our work provides a molecular basis for studying biomineralization in polyplacophoran mollusks and understanding biomineralization evolution. In addition, it identifies potential matrix proteins that could be applied to control crystal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhenglu Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Ge M, Liu B, Hu X, Zhang Q, Mou A, Li X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Xu Q. Biomineralization in a cold environment: Insights from shield compositions and transcriptomics of polar sternaspids (Sternaspidae, Polychaeta). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101187. [PMID: 38183966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The survival and physiological functions of polar marine organisms are impacted by global climate changes. Investigation of the adaptation mechanisms underlying biomineralization in polar organisms at low temperatures is important for understanding mineralized organismal sensitivity to climate change. Here, we performed electron probe analysis on the shields of Antarctic polychaete Sternaspis sendalli and Arctic polychaete Sternaspis buzhinskajae (Sternaspidae), and sequenced the transcriptomes of the tissues surrounding shields to examine biomineral characteristics and adaptive mechanisms in persistently cold environments. Compared to the temperate relative species, the relative abundance of iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, sulfur and silicon in two polar sternaspid shields was similar to Sternaspis chinensis. However, the diversity and expression levels of biomineralization-related shell matrix proteins differed between the polar and temperate species, suggesting distinct molecular mechanisms underlying shield formation in cold environments. Tubulin and cyclophilin were upregulated compared to the temperate species. Furthermore, 42 positively selected genes were identified in Antarctic S. sendalli, with functions in cytoskeletal structure, DNA repair, immunity, transcription, translation, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. Highly expressed genes in both polar species were associated with cytoskeleton, macromolecular complexes and cellular component biosynthesis. Overall, this study reveals conserved elemental composition yet distinct biomineralization processes in the shields of polar sternaspids. The unique expression of biomineralization related genes and other cold-adaptation related genes provide molecular insights into biomineralization in cold marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Anning Mou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuelei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinzeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China.
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The ontogeny of elements: distinct ontogenetic patterns in the radular tooth mineralization of gastropods. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2022; 109:58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-022-01829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The molluscan phylum is characterized by the radula, used for the gathering and processing of food. This structure can consist of a chitinous membrane with embedded rows of teeth, which show structural, chemical, and biomechanical adaptations to the preferred ingesta. With regard to the chemical composition of teeth, some taxa (Polyplacophora and Patellogastropoda) were extensively studied, and high proportions of incorporated iron, calcium, and silicon were previously reported. However, outside these two groups, there is an immense lack of knowledge about the elemental composition of radular teeth. The here presented work aims at shedding some light on the radular composition by performing energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on six non-patelliform gastropod species (Anentome helena, Cornu aspersum, Lavigeria nassa, Littorina littorea, Reymondia horei, and Vittina turrita), with the focus on the ontogeny of the elemental composition. Proportions of elements, which are not part of chitin and other purely organic molecules, were documented for overall 1027 individual teeth of all ontogenetic radular stages, i.e., for the building zone, the maturation zone, and the working zone. We detected that the proportions of these elements increased from the building to the maturation zone. However, from the maturation to the working zone, two general trends are visible: either the proportions of the elements increased or decreased. The latter trend could potentially be explained by the acidic pH of the gastropod saliva, which awaits further investigations.
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Iron acquisition and mineral transformation by cyanobacteria living in extreme environments. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100493. [PMCID: PMC9682352 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for most living organisms, including cyanobacteria. These microorganisms have been found in Earth's driest polar and non-polar deserts, including the Atacama Desert, Chile. Iron-containing minerals were identified in colonized rock substrates from the Atacama Desert, however, the interactions between microorganisms and iron minerals remain unclear. In the current study, we determined that colonized gypsum rocks collected from the Atacama Desert contained both magnetite and hematite phases. A cyanobacteria isolate was cultured on substrates consisting of gypsum with embedded magnetite nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed a significant reduction in the size of magnetite nanoparticles due to their dissolution, which occurred around the microbial biofilms. Concurrently, hematite was detected, likely from the oxidation of the magnetite nanoparticles. Higher cell counts and production of siderophores were observed in cultures with magnetite nanoparticles suggesting that cyanobacteria were actively acquiring iron from the magnetite nanoparticles. Magnetite dissolution and iron acquisition by the cyanobacteria was further confirmed using large bulk magnetite crystals, uncovering a survival strategy of cyanobacteria in these extreme environments.
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Liu C, Sun D, Chen Y, Wang C, Li J, Lin J. Mineralize It or Not: Comparative Proteomics and Elemental Analysis Reveal Ancestral Compositions of Iron Mineralized Molluscan Radulae. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2736-2742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Dawei Sun
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Can Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Jiwen Lin
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
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Krings W, Brütt JO, Gorb SN. Ontogeny of the elemental composition and the biomechanics of radular teeth in the chiton Lepidochitona cinerea. Front Zool 2022; 19:19. [PMID: 35690761 PMCID: PMC9188181 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-022-00465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded teeth, is one important molluscan autapomorphy. In some taxa (Polyplacophora and Patellogastropoda) one tooth type (the dominant lateral tooth) was studied intensively in the last decades with regard to its mechanical properties, chemical and structural composition, and the relationship between these parameters. As the dominant lateral tooth is probably one of the best studied biological materials, it is surprising, that data on elements and mechanical properties of the other tooth types, present on a chiton radula, is lacking. RESULTS We provide data on the elemental distribution and mechanical properties (hardness and elasticity, i.e. Young's modulus) of all teeth from the Polyplacophora Lepidochitona cinerea (Linnaeus, 1767) [Chitonidae: Ischnochitonidae]. The ontogeny of elements, studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and of the mechanical properties, determined by nanoindentation, was analysed in every individual tooth type. Additionally, we performed breaking stress experiments with teeth under dry and wet condition, highlighting the high influence of the water content on the mechanical behaviour of the radula. We thereby could determine the forces and stresses, teeth can resist, which were previously not studied in representatives of Polyplacophora. Overall, we were able to relate the mineral (iron, calcium) content with the mechanical parameters (hardness and Young's modulus) and the breaking force and stress in every tooth type. This led to a better understanding of the relationship between structure, material, and function in radular teeth. Further, we aimed at determining the role of calcium for the mechanical behaviour of the teeth: we decalcified radulae by ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid and performed afterwards elemental analyses, breaking stress experiments, and nanoindentation. Among other things, we detected that wet and decalcified radular teeth could resist highest forces, since teeth have a higher range of bending motion leading to a higher capability of teeth to gain mechanical support from the adjacent tooth row. This indicates, that the tooth material is the result of a compromise between failure reduction and the ability to transfer forces onto the ingesta. CONCLUSION We present novel data on the elemental composition, mechanical properties, and the mechanical behaviour of chiton teeth, which allows conclusions about tooth function. We could also relate the parameters mentioned, which contributes to our understanding on the origins of mechanical property gradients and the processes reducing structural failure in radular teeth. Additionally, we add more evidence, that the elemental composition of radular is probably species-specific and could be used as taxonomic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencke Krings
- Department of Behavioral Biology, Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Mammalogy and Palaeoanthropology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jan-Ole Brütt
- Department of Behavioral Biology, Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Mammalogy and Palaeoanthropology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stanislav N Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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Huang W, Montroni D, Wang T, Murata S, Arakaki A, Nemoto M, Kisailus D. Nanoarchitected Tough Biological Composites from Assembled Chitinous Scaffolds. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1360-1371. [PMID: 35467343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusOver hundreds of millions of years, organisms have derived specific sets of traits in response to common selection pressures that serve as guideposts for optimal biological designs. A prime example is the evolution of toughened structures in disparate lineages within plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. Extremely tough structures can function much like armor, battering rams, or reinforcements that enhance the ability of organisms to win competitions, find mates, acquire food, escape predation, and withstand high winds or turbulent flow. From an engineering perspective, biological solutions are intriguing because they must work in a multifunctional context. An organism rarely can be optimally designed for only one function or one environmental condition. Some of these natural systems have developed well-orchestrated strategies, exemplified in the biological tissues of numerous animal and plant species, to synthesize and construct materials from a limited selection of available starting materials. The resulting structures display multiscale architectures with incredible fidelity and often exhibit properties that are similar, and frequently superior, to mechanical properties exhibited by many engineered materials. These biological systems have accomplished this feat through the demonstrated ability to tune size, morphology, crystallinity, phase, and orientation of minerals under benign processing conditions (i.e., near-neutral pH, room temperature, etc.) by establishing controlled synthesis and hierarchical 3D assembly of nano- to microscaled building blocks. These systems utilize organic-inorganic interactions and carefully controlled microenvironments that enable kinetic control during the synthesis of inorganic structures. This controlled synthesis and assembly requires orchestration of mineral transport and nucleation. The underlying organic framework, often consisting of polysaccharides and polypeptides, in these composites is critical in the spatial and temporal regulation of these processes. In fact, the organic framework is used not only to provide transport networks for mineral precursors to nucleation sites but also to precisely guide the formation and phase development of minerals and significantly improve the mechanical performance of otherwise brittle materials.Over the past 15 years, we have focused on a few of these extreme performing organisms, (Wang , Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 2908; Weaver , Science 2012, 336, 1275; Huang , Nat. Mater. 2020, 19, 1236; Rivera , Nature 2020, 586, 543) investigating not only their ultrastructural features and mechanical properties but in some cases, how these assembled structures are mineralized. In specific instances, comparative analyses of multiscale structures have pinpointed which design principles have arisen convergently; when more than one evolutionary path arrives at the same solution, we have a good indication that it is the best solution. This is required for survival under extreme conditions. Indeed, we have found that there are specific architectural features that provide an advantage toward survival by enabling the ability to feed effectively or to survive against predatory attacks. In this Account, we describe 3 specific design features, nanorods, helicoids, and nanoparticles, as well as the interfaces in fiber-reinforced biological composites. We not only highlight their roles in the specific organisms but also describe how controlled syntheses and hierarchical assembly using organic (i.e., often chitinous) scaffolds lead to these integrated macroscale structures. Beyond this, we provide insight into multifunctionality: how nature leverages these existing structures to potentially add an additional dimension toward their utility and describe their translation to biomimetic materials used for engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Devis Montroni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Taifeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Satoshi Murata
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Atsushi Arakaki
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Michiko Nemoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - David Kisailus
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Arai K, Murata S, Wang T, Yoshimura W, Oda-Tokuhisa M, Matsunaga T, Kisailus D, Arakaki A. Adsorption of Biomineralization Protein Mms6 on Magnetite (Fe 3O 4) Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105554. [PMID: 35628364 PMCID: PMC9143127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is an elaborate process that controls the deposition of inorganic materials in living organisms with the aid of associated proteins. Magnetotactic bacteria mineralize magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with finely tuned morphologies in their cells. Mms6, a magnetosome membrane specific (Mms) protein isolated from the surfaces of bacterial magnetite nanoparticles, plays an important role in regulating the magnetite crystal morphology. Although the binding ability of Mms6 to magnetite nanoparticles has been speculated, the interactions between Mms6 and magnetite crystals have not been elucidated thus far. Here, we show a direct adsorption ability of Mms6 on magnetite nanoparticles in vitro. An adsorption isotherm indicates that Mms6 has a high adsorption affinity (Kd = 9.52 µM) to magnetite nanoparticles. In addition, Mms6 also demonstrated adsorption on other inorganic nanoparticles such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and hydroxyapatite. Therefore, Mms6 can potentially be utilized for the bioconjugation of functional proteins to inorganic material surfaces to modulate inorganic nanoparticles for biomedical and medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Arai
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
| | - Satoshi Murata
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
| | - Taifeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (T.W.); (D.K.)
| | - Wataru Yoshimura
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
| | - Mayumi Oda-Tokuhisa
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
| | - Tadashi Matsunaga
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - David Kisailus
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (T.W.); (D.K.)
| | - Atsushi Arakaki
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (K.A.); (S.M.); (W.Y.); (M.O.-T.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Gorb SN, Krings W. Mechanical property gradients of taenioglossan radular teeth are associated with specific function and ecological niche in Paludomidae (Gastropoda: Mollusca). Acta Biomater 2021; 134:513-530. [PMID: 34329785 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological tissues may exhibit graded heterogeneities in structure and mechanical properties that are crucial to their function. One biological structure that shows variation in both structure and function is the molluscan radula: the organ comprises a chitinous membrane with embedded teeth and serves to process and gather food. The tooth morphologies had been well studied in the last decades, but the mechanical properties of the teeth are not known for the vast majority of molluscs. This knowledge gap restricts our understanding of how the radula is able to act effectively on a target surface whilst simultaneously resisting structural failure. Here we employed nanoindentation technique to measure mechanical properties (hardness and Young's modulus) on distinct localities of individual radular teeth from 24 species of African paludomid gastropods. These species have distinct ecological niches as they forage on algae on different feeding substrates. A gradual distribution of measured properties along the teeth was found in species foraging on solid or mixed feeding substrates, but soft substrate feeders exhibit teeth almost homogeneous in their biomechanical properties. The presence or absence of large-scale gradients in these taenioglossan teeth could directly be linked with their specific function and in general with the species ecology, whereas the radular tooth morphologies do not always and fully reflect ecology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: African Lake Tanganyika is well known for harbouring endemic and morphologically distinct genera. Its paludomid gastropods form a flock of high interest because of its diversity. As they show distinct radular tooth morphologies hypotheses about potential trophic specializations had always been at hand. Here we evaluated the mechanical properties Young's modulus and hardness of 9027 individual teeth from 24 species along the tooth by nanoindentation and related them with the gastropods' specific feeding substrate. We find that hard substrate feeders have teeth that are hard at the tips but much less stiff at the base and thus heterogeneous with respect to material properties, whereas soft substrate feeders have teeth that are flexible and homogenous with respect to material properties.
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Liu C, Zhang R. Biomineral proteomics: A tool for multiple disciplinary studies. J Proteomics 2021; 238:104171. [PMID: 33652138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hard tissues of animals, such as skeletons and teeth, are constructed by a biologically controlled process called biomineralization. In invertebrate animals, biominerals are considered important for their evolutionary success. These biominerals are hieratical biocomposites with excellent mechanical properties, and their formation has intrigued researchers for decades. Although proteins account for ~5 wt% of biominerals, they are critical players in biomineralization. With the development of high-throughput analysis methods, such as proteomics, biomineral protein data are rapidly accumulating, thus necessitating a refined model for biomineralization. This review focuses on biomineral proteomics in invertebrate animals to highlight the diversity of biomineral proteins (generally 40-80 proteins), and the results indicate that biomineralization includes thermodynamic crystal growth as well as intense extracellular matrix activity and/or vesicle transport. Biominerals have multiple functions linked to biological immunity and antipathogen activity. A comparison of proteomes across species and biomineral types showed that von Willebrand factor type A and epidermal growth factor, which frequently couple with other extracellular domains, are the most common domains. Combined with species-specific repetitive low complexity domains, shell matrix proteins can be employed to predict biomineral types. Furthermore, this review discusses the applications of biomineral proteomics in diverse fields, such as tissue regeneration, developmental biology, archeology, environmental science, and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, 705 Yatai Road, Jiaxing 314006, PR China; College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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Krings W, Brütt JO, Gorb S, Glaubrecht M. Tightening it Up: Diversity of the Chitin Anchorage of Radular-Teeth in Paludomid Freshwater-Gastropods. MALACOLOGIA 2020. [DOI: 10.4002/040.063.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wencke Krings
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Ole Brütt
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stanislav Gorb
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Glaubrecht
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Radular stylus of Cryptochiton stelleri: A multifunctional lightweight and flexible fiber-reinforced composite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 111:103991. [PMID: 32823075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chitons are herbivorous invertebrates that use rows of ultrahard magnetite-based teeth connected to a flexible belt (radula) to rasp away algal deposits growing on and within rocky outcrops along coastlines around the world. Each tooth is attached to the radula by an organic structure (stylus) that provides mechanical support during feeding. However, the underlying structures within the stylus, and their subsequent function within the chiton have yet to be investigated. Here, we investigate the macrostructural architecture, the regional material and elemental distribution and subsequent nano-mechanical properties of the stylus from the Northern Pacific dwelling Cryptochiton stelleri. Using a combination of μ-CT imaging, optical and electron microscopy, as well as elemental analysis, we reveal that the stylus is a highly contoured tube, mainly composed of alpha-chitin fibers, with a complex density distribution. Nanoindentation reveals regiospecific and graded mechanical properties that can be correlated with both the elemental composition and material distribution. Finite element modeling shows that the unique macroscale architecture, material distribution and elemental gradients have been optimized to preserve the structural stability of this flexible, yet robust functionally-graded fiber-reinforced composite tube, providing effective function during rasping. Understanding these complex fiber-based structures offers promising blueprints for lightweight, multifunctional and integrated materials.
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Nemoto M, Iwaki S, Moriya H, Monden Y, Tamura T, Inagaki K, Mayama S, Obuse K. Comparative Gene Analysis Focused on Silica Cell Wall Formation: Identification of Diatom-Specific SET Domain Protein Methyltransferases. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 22:551-563. [PMID: 32488507 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silica cell walls of diatoms have attracted attention as a source of nanostructured functional materials and have immense potential for a variety of applications. Previous studies of silica cell wall formation have identified numerous involved proteins, but most of these proteins are species-specific and are not conserved among diatoms. However, because the basic process of diatom cell wall formation is common to all diatom species, ubiquitous proteins and molecules will reveal the mechanisms of cell wall formation. In this study, we assembled de novo transcriptomes of three diatom species, Nitzschia palea, Achnanthes kuwaitensis, and Pseudoleyanella lunata, and compared protein-coding genes of five genome-sequenced diatom species. These analyses revealed a number of diatom-specific genes that encode putative endoplasmic reticulum-targeting proteins. Significant numbers of these proteins showed homology to silicanin-1, which is a conserved diatom protein that reportedly contributes to cell wall formation. These proteins also included a previously unrecognized SET domain protein methyltransferase family that may regulate functions of cell wall formation-related proteins and long-chain polyamines. Proteomic analysis of cell wall-associated proteins in N. palea identified a protein that is also encoded by one of the diatom-specific genes. Expression analysis showed that candidate genes were upregulated in response to silicon, suggesting that these genes play roles in silica cell wall formation. These candidate genes can facilitate further investigations of silica cell wall formation in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Nemoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Sayako Iwaki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hisao Moriya
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuki Monden
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Inagaki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mayama
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8511, Japan
| | - Kiori Obuse
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Maltseva AL, Varfolomeeva MA, Lobov AA, Tikanova P, Panova M, Mikhailova NA, Granovitch AI. Proteomic similarity of the Littorinid snails in the evolutionary context. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8546. [PMID: 32095363 PMCID: PMC7024583 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of DNA-based molecular markers made a revolution in biological systematics. However, in cases of very recent divergence events, the neutral divergence may be too slow, and the analysis of adaptive part of the genome is more informative to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of young species. The advantage of proteomics is its ability to reflect the biochemical machinery of life. It may help both to identify rapidly evolving genes and to interpret their functions. METHODS Here we applied a comparative gel-based proteomic analysis to several species from the gastropod family Littorinidae. Proteomes were clustered to assess differences related to species, geographic location, sex and body part, using data on presence/absence of proteins in samples and data on protein occurrence frequency in samples of different species. Cluster support was assessed using multiscale bootstrap resampling and the stability of clustering-using cluster-wise index of cluster stability. Taxon-specific protein markers were derived using IndVal method. Proteomic trees were compared to consensus phylogenetic tree (based on neutral genetic markers) using estimates of the Robinson-Foulds distance, the Fowlkes-Mallows index and cophenetic correlation. RESULTS Overall, the DNA-based phylogenetic tree and the proteomic similarity tree had consistent topologies. Further, we observed some interesting deviations of the proteomic littorinid tree from the neutral expectations. (1) There were signs of molecular parallelism in two Littoraria species that phylogenetically are quite distant, but live in similar habitats. (2) Proteome divergence was unexpectedly high between very closely related Littorina fabalis and L. obtusata, possibly reflecting their ecology-driven divergence. (3) Conservative house-keeping proteins were usually identified as markers for cryptic species groups ("saxatilis" and "obtusata" groups in the Littorina genus) and for genera (Littoraria and Echinolittorina species pairs), while metabolic enzymes and stress-related proteins (both potentially adaptively important) were often identified as markers supporting species branches. (4) In all five Littorina species British populations were separated from the European mainland populations, possibly reflecting their recent phylogeographic history. Altogether our study shows that proteomic data, when interpreted in the context of DNA-based phylogeny, can bring additional information on the evolutionary history of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina L. Maltseva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina A. Varfolomeeva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arseniy A. Lobov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina Tikanova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina Panova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Natalia A. Mikhailova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Centre of Cell Technologies, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei I. Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Krings W, Faust T, Kovalev A, Neiber MT, Glaubrecht M, Gorb S. In slow motion: radula motion pattern and forces exerted to the substrate in the land snail Cornu aspersum (Mollusca, Gastropoda) during feeding. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190222. [PMID: 31417728 PMCID: PMC6689628 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The radula is the anatomical structure used for feeding in most species of Mollusca. Previous studies have revealed that radulae can be adapted to the food or the substrate the food lies on, but the real, in vivo forces exerted by this organ on substrates and the stresses that are transmitted by the teeth are unknown. Here, we relate physical properties of the radular teeth of Cornu aspersum (Müller. 1774 Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Volumen alterum. Heineck & Faber, Havniæ & Lipsiæ.), a large land snail, with experiments revealing their radula scratching force. The radula motion was recorded with high-speed video, and the contact area between tooth cusps and the substrate was calculated. Forces were measured in all directions; highest forces (106.91 mN) were exerted while scratching, second highest forces while pulling the radula upwards and pressing the food against its counter bearing, the jaw, because the main ingesta disaggregation takes place during those two processes. Nanoindentation revealed that the tooth hardness and elasticity in this species are comparable to wood. The teeth are softer than some of their ingesta, but since the small contact area of the tooth cusps (227 µm2) transmits high local pressure (4698.7 bar) on the ingesta surface, harder material can still be cut or pierced with abrasion. This method measuring the forces produced by the radula during feeding could be used in further experiments on gastropods for better understanding functions and adaptations of radulae to ingesta or substrate, and hence, gastropods speciation and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencke Krings
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Taissa Faust
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kovalev
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marco Thomas Neiber
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Glaubrecht
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stanislav Gorb
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Hilgers L, Hartmann S, Hofreiter M, von Rintelen T. Novel Genes, Ancient Genes, and Gene Co-Option Contributed to the Genetic Basis of the Radula, a Molluscan Innovation. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 35:1638-1652. [PMID: 29672732 PMCID: PMC5995198 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The radula is the central foraging organ and apomorphy of the Mollusca. However, in contrast to other innovations, including the mollusk shell, genetic underpinnings of radula formation remain virtually unknown. Here, we present the first radula formative tissue transcriptome using the viviparous freshwater snail Tylomelania sarasinorum and compare it to foot tissue and the shell-building mantle of the same species. We combine differential expression, functional enrichment, and phylostratigraphic analyses to identify both specific and shared genetic underpinnings of the three tissues as well as their dominant functions and evolutionary origins. Gene expression of radula formative tissue is very distinct, but nevertheless more similar to mantle than to foot. Generally, the genetic bases of both radula and shell formation were shaped by novel orchestration of preexisting genes and continuous evolution of novel genes. A significantly increased proportion of radula-specific genes originated since the origin of stem-mollusks, indicating that novel genes were especially important for radula evolution. Genes with radula-specific expression in our study are frequently also expressed during the formation of other lophotrochozoan hard structures, like chaetae (hes1, arx), spicules (gbx), and shells of mollusks (gbx, heph) and brachiopods (heph), suggesting gene co-option for hard structure formation. Finally, a Lophotrochozoa-specific chitin synthase with a myosin motor domain (CS-MD), which is expressed during mollusk and brachiopod shell formation, had radula-specific expression in our study. CS-MD potentially facilitated the construction of complex chitinous structures and points at the potential of molecular novelties to promote the evolution of different morphological innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Hilgers
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
- Adaptive Evolutionary Genomics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Stefanie Hartmann
- Adaptive Evolutionary Genomics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Hofreiter
- Adaptive Evolutionary Genomics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas von Rintelen
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
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Debus C, Wu B, Kollmann T, Duchstein P, Siglreitmeier M, Herrera S, Benke D, Kisailus D, Schwahn D, Pipich V, Faivre D, Zahn D, Cölfen H. Bioinspired multifunctional layered magnetic hybrid materials. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2019. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.18.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Debus
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Baohu Wu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Garching, Germany
| | - Tina Kollmann
- Computer Chemistry Centre, University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Duchstein
- Computer Chemistry Centre, University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Steven Herrera
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Dominik Benke
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - David Kisailus
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Dietmar Schwahn
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Garching, Germany; Technische Universität München, Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz, Garching, Germany
| | - Vitaliy Pipich
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Garching, Germany
| | - Damien Faivre
- Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute, Aix Marseille Universite, CEA and CNRS, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France
| | - Dirk Zahn
- Computer Chemistry Centre, University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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18
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Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of a molecular mechanism of radular teeth biomineralization in Cryptochiton stelleri. Sci Rep 2019; 9:856. [PMID: 30696920 PMCID: PMC6351634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many species of chiton are known to deposit magnetite (Fe3O4) within the cusps of their heavily mineralized and ultrahard radular teeth. Recently, much attention has been paid to the ultrastructural design and superior mechanical properties of these radular teeth, providing a promising model for the development of novel abrasion resistant materials. Here, we constructed de novo assembled transcripts from the radular tissue of C. stelleri that were used for transcriptome and proteome analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the top 20 most highly expressed transcripts in the non-mineralized teeth region include the transcripts encoding ferritin, while those in the mineralized teeth region contain a high proportion of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins. Proteomic analysis identified 22 proteins that were specifically expressed in the mineralized cusp. These specific proteins include a novel protein that we term radular teeth matrix protein1 (RTMP1), globins, peroxidasins, antioxidant enzymes and a ferroxidase protein. This study reports the first de novo transcriptome assembly from C. stelleri, providing a broad overview of radular teeth mineralization. This new transcriptomic resource and the proteomic profiles of mineralized cusp are valuable for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of radular teeth mineralization in chitons.
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19
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Wang Y, Liu C, Du J, Huang J, Zhang S, Zhang R. The Microstructure, Proteomics and Crystallization of the Limpet Teeth. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800194. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wang
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Department of Biomaterials; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; Potsdam 14476 Germany
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University; Jiaxing Zhejiang Province 314006 China
| | - Jinzhe Du
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jingliang Huang
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shuce Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G2G2 Canada
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University; Jiaxing Zhejiang Province 314006 China
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20
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Yamagishi A, Tanaka M, Lenders JJM, Thiesbrummel J, Sommerdijk NAJM, Matsunaga T, Arakaki A. Control of magnetite nanocrystal morphology in magnetotactic bacteria by regulation of mms7 gene expression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29785. [PMID: 27417732 PMCID: PMC4945951 DOI: 10.1038/srep29785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Living organisms can produce inorganic materials with unique structure and properties. The biomineralization process is of great interest as it forms a source of inspiration for the development of methods for production of diverse inorganic materials under mild conditions. Nonetheless, regulation of biomineralization is still a challenging task. Magnetotactic bacteria produce chains of a prokaryotic organelle comprising a membrane-enveloped single-crystal magnetite with species-specific morphology. Here, we describe regulation of magnetite biomineralization through controlled expression of the mms7 gene, which plays key roles in the control of crystal growth and morphology of magnetite crystals in magnetotactic bacteria. Regulation of the expression level of Mms7 in bacterial cells enables switching of the crystal shape from dumbbell-like to spherical. The successful regulation of magnetite biomineralization opens the door to production of magnetite nanocrystals of desired size and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Yamagishi
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jos J M Lenders
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and TU/e Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jarla Thiesbrummel
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and TU/e Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Nico A J M Sommerdijk
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and TU/e Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tadashi Matsunaga
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Arakaki
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Maeda Y, Wei Z, Ikezoe Y, Tam E, Matsui H. Biomimetic Crystallization of MnFe 2O 4 Mediated by Peptide-Catalyzed Esterification at Low Temperature. CHEMNANOMAT : CHEMISTRY OF NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY, BIOLOGY AND MORE 2016; 2:419-422. [PMID: 31632896 PMCID: PMC6801106 DOI: 10.1002/cnma.201500181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are some of the most efficient catalysts in nature. If small catalytic peptides mimic enzymes, there is potential for broad applications from catalysis for new material synthesis to drug development, due to the ease of molecular design. Recently a hydrogel-based combinatory phage display library was developed and protease-mimicking peptides were identified. Here we advanced the previous discovery to apply one of these catalytic peptides for the synthesis of bimetal oxide nanocrystals through the catalytic ester-elimination pathway. Conventional bimetal oxide crystallization usually requires high temperatures above several hundred °C; however, this catalytic peptide could grow superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 nanocrystals at 4°C. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) analysis revealed that MnFe2O4 nano-crystals grown by the catalytic peptide exhibit superpara-magnetism. This study demonstrates the usefulness of protease-mimicking catalytic peptides in the field of material synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Maeda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York-Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065 (USA),
| | - Zengyan Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York-Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065 (USA),
| | - Yasuhiro Ikezoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York-Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065 (USA),
| | - Edmund Tam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York-Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065 (USA),
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York-Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065 (USA),
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 413 E. 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 (USA)
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22
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Naleway SE, Taylor JR, Porter MM, Meyers MA, McKittrick J. Structure and mechanical properties of selected protective systems in marine organisms. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:1143-1167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Faivre D, Godec TU. From bacteria to mollusks: the principles underlying the biomineralization of iron oxide materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 54:4728-47. [PMID: 25851816 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Various organisms possess a genetic program that enables the controlled formation of a mineral, a process termed biomineralization. The variety of biological material architectures is mind-boggling and arises from the ability of organisms to exert control over crystal nucleation and growth. The structure and composition of biominerals equip biomineralizing organisms with properties and functionalities that abiotically formed materials, made of the same mineral, usually lack. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms underlying biomineralization and morphogenesis is of interdisciplinary interest to extract design principles that will enable the biomimetic formation of functional materials with similar capabilities. Herein, we summarize what is known about iron oxides formed by bacteria and mollusks for their magnetic and mechanical properties. We describe the chemical and biological machineries that are involved in controlling mineral precipitation and organization and show how these organisms are able to form highly complex structures under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Faivre
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14424 Potsdam (Germany) http://www.mpikg.mpg.de/135282/MBMB.
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24
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Faivre D, Godec TU. Bakterien und Weichtiere: Prinzipien der Biomineralisation von Eisenoxid-Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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25
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Gordon LM, Román JK, Everly RM, Cohen MJ, Wilker JJ, Joester D. Selective Formation of Metastable Ferrihydrite in the Chiton Tooth. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Gordon LM, Román JK, Everly RM, Cohen MJ, Wilker JJ, Joester D. Selective formation of metastable ferrihydrite in the chiton tooth. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11506-9. [PMID: 25196134 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Metastable precursors are thought to play a major role in the ability of organisms to create mineralized tissues. Of particular interest are the hard and abrasion-resistant teeth formed by chitons, a class of rock-grazing mollusks. The formation of chiton teeth relies on the precipitation of metastable ferrihydrite (Fh) in an organic scaffold as a precursor to magnetite. In vitro synthesis of Fh under physiological conditions has been challenging. Using a combination of X-ray absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that, prior to Fh formation in the chiton tooth, iron ions are complexed by the organic matrix. In vitro experiments demonstrate that such complexes facilitate the formation of Fh under physiological conditions. These results indicate that acidic molecules may be integral to controlling Fh formation in the chiton tooth. This biological approach to polymorph selection is not limited to specialized proteins and can be expropriated using simple chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle M Gordon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60201 (USA)
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Arakaki A, Yamagishi A, Fukuyo A, Tanaka M, Matsunaga T. Co-ordinated functions of Mms proteins define the surface structure of cubo-octahedral magnetite crystals in magnetotactic bacteria. Mol Microbiol 2014; 93:554-67. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Arakaki
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science; Institute of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
| | - Ayana Yamagishi
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science; Institute of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
| | - Ayumi Fukuyo
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science; Institute of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science; Institute of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsunaga
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science; Institute of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
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Marie B, Ramos-Silva P, Marin F, Marie A. Proteomics of CaCO3biomineral-associated proteins: How to properly address their analysis. Proteomics 2013; 13:3109-16. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Marie
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN; Molécules de Communication et d'Adaptation des Micro-organismes; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
| | - Paula Ramos-Silva
- UMR 6282 CNRS/uB; Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
- Section Computational Science; Informatics Institute; Universiteit van Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Marin
- UMR 6282 CNRS/uB; Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Arul Marie
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN; Plateforme de Spectrométrie de Masse et de Protéomique; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
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Rahman MA, Shinjo R, Oomori T, Wörheide G. Analysis of the proteinaceous components of the organic matrix of calcitic sclerites from the soft coral Sinularia sp. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58781. [PMID: 23527022 PMCID: PMC3597568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An organic matrix consisting of a protein-polysaccharide complex is generally accepted as an important medium for the calcification process. While the role this "calcified organic matrix" plays in the calcification process has long been appreciated, the complex mixture of proteins that is induced and assembled during the mineral phase of calcification remains uncharacterized in many organisms. Thus, we investigated organic matrices from the calcitic sclerites of a soft coral, Sinularia sp., and used a proteomic approach to identify the functional matrix proteins that might be involved in the biocalcification process. We purified eight organic matrix proteins and performed in-gel digestion using trypsin. The tryptic peptides were separated by nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC) and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) - time-of-flight-time-of-flight (TOF-TOF) mass spectrometer. Periodic acid Schiff staining of an SDS-PAGE gel indicated that four proteins were glycosylated. We identified several proteins, including a form of actin, from which we identified a total of 183 potential peptides. Our findings suggest that many of those peptides may contribute to biocalcification in soft corals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Azizur Rahman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
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