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Hu Q, Zhang T, He H, Pu F, Zhang R, Li L, Hu J, Bai L, Han C, Wang J, Liu H. Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:333. [PMID: 38570739 PMCID: PMC10988813 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The closed poultry houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system (LWCCS) are widely used in modern poultry production. This study showed the variations in environmental conditions in closed houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system. We evaluated the influence of different environmental conditions on duck growth performance and the transcriptome changes of immune organs, including the bursa of Fabricius and the spleen. RESULT This study investigated the slaughter indicators and immune organ transcriptomes of 52-day-old Cherry Valley ducks by analyzing the LWCC at different locations (water curtain end, middle position, and fan cooling end). The results showed that the cooling effect of the LWCCS was more evident from 10:00 a.m. -14:00. And from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, the hourly average temperature differently decreased by 0.310℃, 0.450℃, 0.480℃, 0.520℃, and 0.410℃, respectively (P < 0.05). The daily and hourly average relative humidity decreased from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, dropping by 7.500% and 8.200%, respectively (P < 0.01). We also observed differences in production performance, such as dressing weight, half-eviscerated weight, skin fat rate, and percentage of abdominal fat (P < 0.01), which may have been caused by environmental conditions. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed 211 and 279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ducks' bursa of Fabricius and spleen compared between the water curtain end and fan cooling end, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the two organs showed the DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, integral component of membrane, Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway, etc. Our results implied that full-closed poultry houses integrated with LWCCS could potentially alter micro-environments (water curtain vs. fan cooling), resulting in ducks experiencing various stressful situations that eventually affect their immunity and production performance. CONCLUSION In this study, our results indicated that uneven distributions of longitudinal environmental factors caused by LWCCS would affect the dressed weight, breast muscle weight, skin fat rate, and other product performance. Moreover, the expression of immune-related genes in the spleen and bursa of ducks could be affected by the LWCCS. This provides a new reference to optimize the use of LWCCS in conjunction with close duck houses in practical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Fajun Pu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lili Bai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 611130, Chengdu, Wenjiang District, Sichuan, P.R. China.
- National Key Laboratory for Swine and Poultry Breeding, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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Li X, Liu X, Cui L, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Li H. How to Break through the Bottlenecks of in Ovo Vaccination in Poultry Farming. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:48. [PMID: 38250861 PMCID: PMC10821430 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Poultry farming is one of the pillar industries of global animal husbandry. In order to guarantee production, poultry are frequently vaccinated from the moment they are hatched. Even so, the initial immunity of chicks is still very poor as they are in the "window period" of immune protection. In ovo vaccination pushes the initial immunization time forward to the incubation period, thereby providing earlier immune protection for chicks. In ovo vaccination is currently a research hotspot of poultry disease prevention and control, which is in line with the intensification of poultry production. However, the vaccines currently available for in ovo vaccination are limited and cannot meet the needs of industrial development, so how to efficiently activate the adaptive immune response of chicken embryos becomes the key to restrict product development and technological progress of in ovo vaccination. Its breakthrough, to a large extent, depends on systematic illustration of the mechanism underlying the adaptive immune response post immunization. Clarification of this issue will provide us with theoretical support and potential solutions for the development of novel vaccines for in ovo vaccination, the augmentation of efficacy of current vaccines and the optimization of immune programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (X.L.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (X.L.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Lu Cui
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (L.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zheyi Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China; (L.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (X.L.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (X.L.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710061, China
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3
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Abstract
Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) is a high-resolution protein separation technique, with the excellent dynamic range obtained by fluorescent tag labeling of protein samples. Scanned images of 2D-DIGE gels show thousands of protein spots, each spot representing a single or a group of protein isoforms. By using commercially available software, each protein spot is defined by an outline, which is digitized and correlated with the quantity of proteins present in each spot. Software packages include DeCyder, SameSpots, and Dymension 3. In addition, proteins of interest can be excised from post-stained gels and identified with conventional mass spectrometric techniques. High-throughput mass spectrometry is performed using sophisticated instrumentation, including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), MALDI-TOF/TOF, and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Tandem MS (MALDI-TOF/TOF or LC-MS/MS) analyzes fragmented peptides, resulting in amino acid sequence information, which is especially useful when protein spots are low abundant or where a mixture of proteins is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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4
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Yun T, Hua J, Ye W, Ni Z, Chen L, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Intergrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Differential Responses to Novel Duck Reovirus Infection in the Bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081615. [PMID: 35893682 PMCID: PMC9332436 DOI: 10.3390/v14081615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius is an immunologically organ against the invasion of duck reovirus (DRV), which is a fatal bird virus belonging to the Reoviridae family. However, responses of the bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata to novel DRV (NDRV) infection are largely unknown. Transcriptomes and proteomes of the samples from control and two NDRV strain (HN10 and JDm10) with different virulence were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes and differential accumulated proteins were enriched in the serine protease system and innate immune response clusters. Most of the immune-related genes were up-regulated under both JDm10/HN10 infections. However, the immune-related proteins were only accumulated under HN10 infection. For the serine protease system, coagulation factor IX, three chains of fibrinogen, and complements C8, C5, and C2s were significantly up-regulated by the HN10 infection, suggesting that the serine protease-mediated immune system might be involved in the resistance to NDRV infection. For the innate and adaptive immune system, RIG-I, MDA5, MAPK20, and IRF3 were significantly up-regulated, indicating their important roles against invaded virus. TLR-3 and IKBKB were only up-regulated in the liver cells, MAPK20 was only up-regulated in the bursa of Fabricius cells, and IRAK2 was only up-regulated in the spleen samples. Coagulation factor IX was increased in the bursa of Fabricius, not in the liver and spleen samples. The data provides a detailed resource for studying the proteins participating in the resistances of the bursa of Fabricius of duck to NDRV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yun
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (C.Z.)
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5
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Antioxidant Status, Blood Constituents and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Two Types of Diets with or without Different Concentrations of Active Yeast. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12040453. [PMID: 35203163 PMCID: PMC8868459 DOI: 10.3390/ani12040453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Rations for broilers can be safely supplemented with probiotics such as active Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) yeast to stimulate oxidative reactions and immune response against stress and infectious agents. The current study suggested that SC yeast enhanced antioxidant capacity, growth rate, immune organ weights, immune response and the survival rate of broilers after Avian Influenza virus challenge at 38 days of age. Abstract Probiotics, such as active yeasts, are widely used to enhance poultry production and reduce feeding costs. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and immune responses of broilers to different concentrations of active Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) when supplemented to two types of diets. A total of 216 1-day-old Arbor Acres unsexed chicks were used in a factorial design, involving two feeds (regular- versus low-density diet) and three concentrations of SC (0%, 0.02% and 0.04%). The results revealed that the low-density diet reduced the body weight and production index of broilers. The addition of SC improved the production index more than the control diet. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and eosinophils were significantly higher in response to the regular-density diet than the low-density diet; however, phagocytic activity (PA), lymphocyte and lysozyme activity (LYS) were lower. Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduced ALT, AST, malondialdehyde (MAD) and TAC more than the standard set, but improved packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hgb), red blood cells (RBCs), lymphocytes, monocytes, heterophils, phagocytic index (PI) and the immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian influenza (AI). In conclusion, supplementation of a regular- or low-density diet with SC at a concentration of 0.02% or 0.04% improved the antioxidant parameters, immune status and production index of broilers against stress and infectious agents.
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Overbey EG, Ng TT, Catini P, Griggs LM, Stewart P, Tkalcic S, Hawkins RD, Drechsler Y. Transcriptomes of an Array of Chicken Ovary, Intestinal, and Immune Cells and Tissues. Front Genet 2021; 12:664424. [PMID: 34276773 PMCID: PMC8278112 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.664424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While the chicken (Gallus gallus) is the most consumed agricultural animal worldwide, the chicken transcriptome remains understudied. We have characterized the transcriptome of 10 cell and tissue types from the chicken using RNA-seq, spanning intestinal tissues (ileum, jejunum, proximal cecum), immune cells (B cells, bursa, macrophages, monocytes, spleen T cells, thymus), and reproductive tissue (ovary). We detected 17,872 genes and 24,812 transcripts across all cell and tissue types, representing 73% and 63% of the current gene annotation, respectively. Further quantification of RNA transcript biotypes revealed protein-coding and lncRNAs specific to an individual cell/tissue type. Each cell/tissue type also has an average of around 1.2 isoforms per gene, however, they all have at least one gene with at least 11 isoforms. Differential expression analysis revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes between tissues of the same category (immune and intestinal). Many of these differentially expressed genes in immune cells were involved in cellular processes relating to differentiation and cell metabolism as well as basic functions of immune cells such as cell adhesion and signal transduction. The differential expressed genes of the different segments of the chicken intestine (jejunum, ileum, proximal cecum) correlated to the metabolic processes in nutrient digestion and absorption. These data should provide a valuable resource in understanding the chicken genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliah G Overbey
- Department of Genome Sciences, Interdepartmental Astrobiology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Theros T Ng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Pietro Catini
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Lisa M Griggs
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Paul Stewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Suzana Tkalcic
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - R David Hawkins
- Department of Genome Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yvonne Drechsler
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
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Li J, Xiong X, Gan X, Pu F, Ma S, Bai L, Mustafa A, Li L, Liu H, Yang C, Twumasi G. Transcriptome analysis of the bursa of Fabricius and thymus of laying ducks reveals immune gene expression changes underlying the impacts of stocking densities. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:820-826. [PMID: 34148438 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1943309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The thymus and bursa of Fabricius are important immune organs in poultry as they play essential roles in sustaining the normal immune function to maintain health. The following trial investigated whether the stocking density affected gene expressions in immune organs.Jinding ducklings were raised in either low or high density (4 or 8 birds/m2) conditions from four to 14 weeks of age, and were then slaughtered and tissues removed. Samples were subjected to high-throughput sequencing to sequence RNA extraction. After filtering calculations with R software, a total of 508 (thymus) and 1,356 (bursa of Fabricius) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, suggesting that stocking density has an effect on gene expression in duck immune organs.A total of 112 immune factor genes and 112 immune pattern receptor genes in ducks, of which four thymus genes and 18 bursa of Fabricius genes were differentially expressed in ducks, which indicated that the change of stocking density could affect the expression of immune genes in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xinmeng Gan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Fajun Pu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shengchao Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Lili Bai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ahsan Mustafa
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chaowu Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Grace Twumasi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Ye F, Wang Y, He Q, Wang Z, Ma E, Zhu S, Yu H, Yin H, Zhao X, Li D, Xu H, Li H, Zhu Q. Screening of immune biomarkers in different breeds of chickens infected with J subgroup of avian leukemia virus by proteomic. Virulence 2020; 11:1158-1176. [PMID: 32799626 PMCID: PMC7549955 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1809323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian leucosis (AL) is a disease characterized by tumors and is caused by the avian leukosis virus (ALV). Because of the high variability of viruses and complex pathogenic mechanisms, screening and breeding J subgroup of ALV (ALV-J) resistant avian breeds is one of the strategies for prevention and treatment of AL, thus screening of significant immune markers is needed to promote the development of disease-resistant breeds. In this study, data-independent acquisition (DIA) technology was used to detect the DEPs of three breeds of chicken according to different comparison to investigate the potential markers. Results showed special DEPs for spleen development of each breed were detected, such as PCNT, DDB2, and ZNF62. These DEPs were involved in intestinal immune network used in production of IgA signaling pathways and related to immune response which can be used as potential markers for spleen development in different breeds. The DEPs such as RAB44 and TPN involved in viral myocarditis, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, and tuberculosis can be used as potential markers of spleen immune response after ALV-J infection in chickens. Pair-wise analysis was performed for the three breeds after the infection of ALV-J. The proteins such as RFX1, TAF10, and VH1 were differently expressed between three breeds. These DEPs involved in antigen processing and expression, acute myelogenous leukemia, and viral carcinogenesis can be used as potential immune markers after ALV-J infection of different genetic backgrounds. The screening of potential markers at protein level provides a strong theoretical research basis for disease resistance breeding in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qijian He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoshuo Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Enyue Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiliang Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Heling Yu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
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9
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Nagy N, Busalt F, Halasy V, Kohn M, Schmieder S, Fejszak N, Kaspers B, Härtle S. In and Out of the Bursa-The Role of CXCR4 in Chicken B Cell Development. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1468. [PMID: 32765509 PMCID: PMC7381227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to mammals, early B cell differentiation and diversification of the antibody repertoire in chickens do not take place in the bone marrow but in a specialized gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), the bursa of Fabricius. During embryonic development, B cell precursors migrate to the bursa anlage, where they proliferate and diversify their B cell receptor repertoire. Around hatch these diversified B cells start to emigrate from the bursa of Fabricius and populate peripheral lymphoid organs, but very little is known how the migratory processes are regulated. As CXCL12 (syn. SDF-1) and CXCR4 were shown to be essential for the control of B cell migration during the development of lymphoid tissues in mammals, we analyzed expression and function of this chemokine/chemokine-receptor pair in the chicken bursa. We found a strong variation of mRNA abundance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in different stages of bursa development, with high abundance of CXCL12 mRNA in the bursa anlage at embryonic day 10 (ED10). In situ hybridization demonstrated disseminated CXCL12 expression in the early bursa anlage, which condensed in the developing follicles and was mainly restricted to the follicle cortex post-hatch. Flow cytometric analysis detected CXCR4 protein already on early B cell stages, increasing during bursal development. Post-hatch, a subpopulation with the hallmarks of emigrating B cells became detectable, which had lower CXCR4 expression, suggesting that downregulation of CXCR4 is necessary to leave the CXCL12-high bursal environment. In vivo blockade of CXCR4 using AMD3100 at the time of B cell precursor immigration strongly inhibited follicle development, demonstrating that CXCL12 attracts pre-bursal B cells into the bursal anlage. Altogether, we show that CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are important for both populating the bursa with B cells and emigration of mature B cells into the periphery post hatch, and that CXCR4 function in primary B cell organs is conserved between mammals and birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Florian Busalt
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria Halasy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marina Kohn
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmieder
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nora Fejszak
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernd Kaspers
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Härtle
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Attia YA, Al-Khalaifah H, Abd El-Hamid HS, Al-Harthi MA, El-Shafey AA. Effect of Different Levels of Multienzymes on Immune Response, Blood Hematology and Biochemistry, Antioxidants Status and Organs Histology of Broiler Chicks Fed Standard and Low-Density Diets. Front Vet Sci 2020; 6:510. [PMID: 32195272 PMCID: PMC7015166 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was executed to investigate the effect of supplementing three multienzyme levels (0, 0. 1, and 0.2%) with two types of diet [standard diet (SD) vs. low-density diet (LDD)] on immune response, blood hematology and biochemistry, antioxidant status, and organ histology of broilers during 1–38 days of age. A total of 216 unsexed 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly distributed, on a factorial design (2 × 3), to six treatments each with six replicates. There were six chicks per replicate. Results showed that LDD significantly decreased body weight gain (BWG) of broilers, but did not affect the European Production Efficiency Index (EPEI). Addition of multienzymes at both levels (0.1 and 0.2%) significantly increased BWG and improved EPEI, compared to the control diet. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspirate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), lymphocyte, lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), and phagocyte activity (PA) were significantly higher for LDD than the SD, but eosinophil was lower. Supplementation of multienzymes significantly decreased ALT, AST, and MDA, compared to the control group, but increased packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hgb), lymphocytes, and monocytes. Immune organs, such as spleen, thymus, and the bursa of Fabricius were significantly increased with multienzyme supplementation. It could be concluded that multienzyme supplementation at either 0.1 or 0.2% to SD or LDD improved EPEI and immune status of broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Attia
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - H Al-Khalaifah
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - H S Abd El-Hamid
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - M A Al-Harthi
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A El-Shafey
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
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Liu L, Yi J, Ray WK, Vu LT, Helm RF, Siegel PB, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. Fasting differentially alters the hypothalamic proteome of chickens from lines with the propensity to be anorexic or obese. Nutr Diabetes 2019; 9:13. [PMID: 30931934 PMCID: PMC6443654 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-019-0081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamus is the ultimate modulator of appetite and energy balance and therefore sensitive to changes in nutritional state. Chicks from lines selected for low (LWS) and high (HWS) body weight are hypophagic and compulsive eaters, respectively, and differ in their propensity to become obese and in their hypothalamic mRNA response to fasting. METHODS As fasting-induced changes in hypothalamic proteins are unknown, we investigated the hypothalamic proteomes of 5-day old LWS and HWS chicks in the fed and fasted states using a label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach. RESULTS A total of 744 proteins were identified in the chicken hypothalamus, and 268 differentially abundant proteins were identified among four pairwise comparisons. Ninety-five proteins were associated with the response to fasting in HWS chicks, and 23 proteins were associated with the response to fasting in LWS chicks. Fasting-responsive proteins in HWS chicks were significantly enriched in ATP metabolic processes, glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism, and ribosome function. There was no enrichment for any pathways in LWS chicks in response to fasting. In the fasted and fed states, 159 and 119 proteins differed between HWS and LWS, respectively. Oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, and carbon metabolism were the main pathways associated with differences between the two lines of chicks. Enzymes associated with metabolic pathways differed between HWS and LWS in both nutritional states, including fumarase, aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial GOT2, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, chondrogenesis associated lipocalin, sialic acid synthase, arylamine N-acetyltransferase, pineal gland isozyme NAT-3, and succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial. CONCLUSIONS These results provide insights into the hypothalamic metabolic pathways that are affected by nutritional status and the regulation of appetite and eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Yi
- Virginia Tech, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - W Keith Ray
- Virginia Tech, Department of Biochemistry, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Lucas T Vu
- Virginia Tech, Department of Chemical Engineering, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Richard F Helm
- Virginia Tech, Department of Biochemistry, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Paul B Siegel
- Virginia Tech, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mark A Cline
- Virginia Tech, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- Virginia Tech, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Feng XL, Zheng Y, Hao SS, Zhou GF, Chen PY. The Inducing Role and Molecular Basis of Bursal Hexapeptide (BHP) on Avian Immature B Cell. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:348-356. [PMID: 30816077 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190228141650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bursa of Fabricius is an acknowledged central humoral immune organ unique to birds, which provides an ideal research model on the immature B cell development. OBJECTIVE In this article, our motivation is to study the role on sIgM and establish the molecular basis and functional processes of Bursal Hexapeptide (BHP) in avian immature B cells DT40 cell lines. METHODS In this article, we detected the expressions of sIgM mRNA with qPCR in DT40 cells with BHP treatment, and investigated the gene expression profiles of BHP-treated DT40 cells, employing microarray analyses. Also, to validate the differentially expressed genes, we performed KEGG pathway and Gene Ontology analysis in the BHP-treated DT40 cells. Finally, we comparatively analyzed the similar regulated genes and their involved immune functional processes between DT40 cell and mouse immature B cell line WEHI231 cell with BHP treatment. RESULTS Following the proposed framework, we proved that the BHP enhanced the mRNA expression levels of IgM in DT40 cells, and induced 460 upregulated genes and 460 downregulated genes in BHP-treated DT40 cells. The pathway analysis showed that the differentially regulated genes in DT40 cell line with BHP treatment were involved in 12 enrichment pathways, in which Toll-like receptor signaling pathway was the vital pathways, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and Jak-STAT signaling pathway were another two important pathways in BHP-treated DT40 cells. Moreover, BHP induced the immune related biological processes in BHP-treated DT40 cells, including T cell related, cytokine related, lymphocyte related, and innate immune response GO terms. Finally, the comparatively analysis showed that there were two downregulated genes GATA3 and IFNG to be found co-existed among the differentially expressed genes in BHP-treated DT40 cell and WEHI231 cells, which shared some same immune related functional processes in both cell lines. CONCLUSION After the applying the framework, we proved the inducing roles and the gene expression profiles of BHP on avian immature B cells, and verified some molecular basis from the KEGG and GO analysis. These results provided the insight for mechanism on immature B cell differentiation, and offer the essential direction for the vaccine improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China's Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China's Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shan Shan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China's Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China's Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pu Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China's Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Luo J, Liu H, Wang J, Li L, Han C, Gan X, Li Y, Bai L, Mustafa A. Transcriptome reveals B lymphocyte apoptosis in duck embryonic bursa of Fabricius mediated by mitochondrial and Fas signaling pathways. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Liu H, Liu J, Zhang T, Li L, Wang J, Han C, He H. The Gene Ontology Differs in Bursa of Fabricius Between Two Breeds of Ducks Post Hatching by Enriching the Differentially Expressed Genes. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - J Liu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - T Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - L Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - J Wang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - C Han
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - H He
- Sichuan Agricultural University, China
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Abstract
DIGE is a high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis method, with excellent dynamic range obtained by fluorescent tag labeling of protein samples. Scanned images of DIGE gels show thousands of protein spots, each spot representing a single or a group of protein isoforms. By using commercially available software, each protein spot is defined by an outline, which is digitized and correlated with the quantity of proteins present in each spot. Software packages include DeCyder, SameSpots, and Dymension 3. In addition, proteins of interest can be excised from post-stained gels and identified with conventional mass spectrometry techniques. High-throughput mass spectrometry is performed using sophisticated instrumentation including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), MALDI-TOF/TOF, and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Tandem MS (MALDI-TOF/TOF or LC-MS/MS), analyzes fragmented peptides, resulting in amino acid sequence information, especially useful when protein spots are low abundant or where a mixture of proteins is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abduladim Hmmier
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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Kaltner H, García Caballero G, Sinowatz F, Schmidt S, Manning JC, André S, Gabius HJ. Galectin-related protein: An integral member of the network of chicken galectins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2298-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Luo J, Liu J, Liu H, Zhang T, Wang J, He H, Han C. Enrichment and verification of differentially expressed miRNAs in bursa of Fabricius in two breeds of duck. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 30:920-929. [PMID: 27660025 PMCID: PMC5495669 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a central humoral immune organ belonging specifically to avians. Recent studies had suggested that miRNAs were active regulators involved in the immune processes. This study was to investigate the possible differences of the BF at miRNA level between two genetically disparate duck breeds. Methods Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, the miRNAs libraries of ducks were established. Results The results showed that there were 66 differentially expressed miRNAs and 28 novel miRNAs in bursa. A set of abundant miRNAs (i.e., let-7, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-17~92) which are involved in immunity and disease were detected and the predicted target genes of the novel miRNAs were associated with duck high anti-adversity ability. By gene ontology analysis and enriching KEGG pathway, the targets of differential expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in immunity and disease, supporting that there were differences in the BF immune functions between the two duck breeds. In addition, the metabolic pathway had the maximum enriched target genes and some enriched pathways that were related to cell cycle, protein synthesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis. It indicted that the difference of metabolism may be one of the reasons leading the immune difference between the BF of two duck breeds. Conclusion This data lists the main differences in the BF at miRNAs level between two genetically disparate duck breeds and lays a foundation to carry out molecular assisted breeding of poultry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junying Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
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Nagy N, Bódi I, Oláh I. Avian dendritic cells: Phenotype and ontogeny in lymphoid organs. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:47-59. [PMID: 26751596 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are critically important accessory cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Avian DCs were originally identified in primary and secondary lymphoid organs by their typical morphology, displaying long cell processes with cytoplasmic granules. Several subtypes are known. Bursal secretory dendritic cells (BSDC) are elongated cells which express vimentin intermediate filaments, MHC II molecules, macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), and produce 74.3+ secretory granules. Avian follicular dendritic cells (FDC) highly resemble BSDC, express the CD83, 74.3 and CSF1R molecules, and present antigen in germinal centers. Thymic dendritic cells (TDC), which express 74.3 and CD83, are concentrated in thymic medulla while interdigitating DC are found in T cell-rich areas of secondary lymphoid organs. Avian Langerhans cells are a specialized 74.3-/MHC II+ cell population found in stratified squamous epithelium and are capable of differentiating into 74.3+ migratory DCs. During organogenesis hematopoietic precursors of DC colonize the developing lymphoid organ primordia prior to immigration of lymphoid precursor cells. This review summarizes our current understanding of the ontogeny, cytoarchitecture, and immunophenotype of avian DC, and offers an antibody panel for the in vitro and in vivo identification of these heterogeneous cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nándor Nagy
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Tuzolto str. 58, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Bódi
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Tuzolto str. 58, Hungary
| | - Imre Oláh
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Tuzolto str. 58, Hungary
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Salonen J, Rönnholm G, Kalkkinen N, Vihinen M. Proteomic changes during B cell maturation: 2D-DIGE approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77894. [PMID: 24205016 PMCID: PMC3812168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells play a pivotal role in adaptive immune system, since they maintain a delicate balance between recognition and clearance of foreign pathogens and tolerance to self. During maturation, B cells progress through a series of developmental stages defined by specific phenotypic surface markers and the rearrangement and expression of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. To get insight into B cell proteome during the maturation pathway, we studied differential protein expression in eight human cell lines, which cover four distinctive developmental stages; early pre-B, pre-B, plasma cell and immature B cell upon anti-IgM stimulation. Our two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry based proteomic study indicates the involvement of large number of proteins with various functions. Notably, proteins related to cytoskeleton were relatively highly expressed in early pre-B and pre-B cells, whereas plasma cell proteome contained endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi system proteins. Our long time series analysis in anti-IgM stimulated Ramos B cells revealed the dynamic regulation of cytoskeleton organization, gene expression and metabolic pathways, among others. The findings are related to cellular processes in B cells and are discussed in relation to experimental information for the proteins and pathways they are involved in. Representative 2D-DIGE maps of different B cell maturation stages are available online at http://structure.bmc.lu.se/BcellProteome/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Salonen
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland
- Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gunilla Rönnholm
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nisse Kalkkinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mauno Vihinen
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland
- Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Hansson J, Krijgsveld J. Proteomic analysis of cell fate decision. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2013; 23:540-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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