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Schwaner C, Barbosa M, Haley J, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and physiological assays reveal immunosuppression in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica exposed to acidification stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109366. [PMID: 38218419 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is recognized as a major stressor for a broad range of marine organisms, particularly shell-building invertebrates. OA can cause alterations in various physiological processes such as growth and metabolism, although its effect on host-pathogen interactions remains largely unexplored. In this study, we used transcriptomics, proteomics, and physiological assays to evaluate changes in immunity of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica exposed to OA conditions (pH = 7.5 vs pH = 7.9) at various life stages. The susceptibility of oyster larvae to Vibrio infection increased significantly (131 % increase in mortality) under OA conditions, and was associated with significant changes in their transcriptomes. The significantly higher mortality of larvae exposed to pathogens and acidification stress could be the outcome of an increased metabolic demand to cope with acidification stress (as seen by upregulation of metabolic genes) at the cost of immune function (downregulation of immune genes). While larvae were particularly vulnerable, juveniles appeared more robust to the stressors and there were no differences in mortality after pathogen (Aliiroseovarius crassostrea and Vibrio spp.) exposure. Proteomic investigations in adult oysters revealed that acidification stress resulted in a significant downregulation of mucosal immune proteins including those involved in pathogen recognition and microbe neutralization, suggesting weakened mucosal immunity. Hemocyte function in adults was also impaired by high pCO2, with a marked reduction in phagocytosis (67 % decrease in phagocytosis) in OA conditions. Together, results suggest that OA impairs immune function in the eastern oyster making them more susceptible to pathogen-induced mortality outbreaks. Understanding the effect of multiple stressors such as OA and disease is important for accurate predictions of how oysters will respond to future climate regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schwaner
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA
| | - Michelle Barbosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA
| | - John Haley
- Stony Brook University, Biological Mass Spectrometry Center, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | | | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA.
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Sol Dourdin T, Guyomard K, Rabiller M, Houssais N, Cormier A, Le Monier P, Sussarellu R, Rivière G. Ancestors' Gift: Parental Early Exposure to the Environmentally Realistic Pesticide Mixture Drives Offspring Phenotype in a Larger Extent Than Direct Exposure in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1865-1876. [PMID: 38217500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Marine organisms are threatened by the presence of pesticides in coastal waters. Among them, the Pacific oyster is one of the most studied invertebrates in marine ecotoxicology where numerous studies highlighted the multiscale impacts of pesticides. In the past few years, a growing body of literature has reported the epigenetic outcomes of xenobiotics. Because DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark implicated in organism development and is meiotically heritable, it raises the question of the multigenerational implications of xenobiotic-induced epigenetic alterations. Therefore, we performed a multigenerational exposure to an environmentally relevant mixture of 18 pesticides (nominal sum concentration: 2.85 μg·L-1) during embryo-larval stages (0-48 hpf) of a second generation (F1) for which parents where already exposed or not in F0. Gene expression, DNA methylation, and physiological end points were assessed throughout the life cycle of individuals. Overall, the multigenerational effect has a greater influence on the phenotype than the exposure itself. Thus, multigenerational phenotypic effects were observed: individuals descending from exposed parents exhibited lower epinephrine-induced metamorphosis and field survival rates. At the molecular level, RNA-seq and Methyl-seq data analyses performed in gastrula embryos and metamorphosis-competent pediveliger (MCP) larvae revealed a clear F0 treatment-dependent discrimination. Some genes implicated into shell secretion and immunity exhibited F1:F0 treatment interaction patterns (e.g., Calm and Myd88). Those results suggest that low chronic environmental pesticide contamination can alter organisms beyond the individual scale level and have long-term adaptive implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sol Dourdin
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Killian Guyomard
- Ifremer, Plateforme Mollusques Marins Bouin, 85029 Bouin, France
| | | | - Nina Houssais
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Cormier
- Ifremer, Service de Bioinformatique de l'Ifremer, 29280 Brest, France
| | - Pauline Le Monier
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer, Physiologie et Toxines des Microalgues Toxiques, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Guillaume Rivière
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR7208, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris Cedex, France
- BOREA, UFR des Sciences, Université de Caen-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
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Schwaner C, Farhat S, Boutet I, Tanguy A, Barbosa M, Grouzdev D, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Combination of RNAseq and RADseq to Identify Physiological and Adaptive Responses to Acidification in the Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica). MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:997-1019. [PMID: 37864760 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is a major stressor threatening marine calcifiers, including the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). In this paper, we provide insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with resilience to OA, with the dual intentions of probing both acclimation and adaptation potential in this species. C. virginica were spawned, and larvae were reared in control or acidified conditions immediately after fertilization. RNA samples were collected from larvae and juveniles, and DNA samples were collected from juveniles after undergoing OA-induced mortality and used to contrast gene expression (RNAseq) and SNP (ddRADseq) profiles from animals reared under both conditions. Results showed convergence of evidence from both approaches, particularly in genes involved in biomineralization that displayed significant changes in variant frequencies and gene expression levels among juveniles that survived acidification as compared to controls. Downregulated genes were related to immune processes, supporting previous studies demonstrating a reduction in immunity from exposure to OA. Acclimation to OA via regulation of gene expression might confer short-term resilience to immediate threats; however, the costs may not be sustainable, underscoring the importance of selection of resilient genotypes. Here, we identified SNPs associated with survival under OA conditions, suggesting that this commercially and ecologically important species might have the genetic variation needed for adaptation to future acidification. The identification of genetic features associated with OA resilience is a highly-needed step for the development of marker-assisted selection of oyster stocks for aquaculture and restoration activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schwaner
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Sarah Farhat
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Boutet
- Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Arnaud Tanguy
- Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Michelle Barbosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Denis Grouzdev
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | | | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA.
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Dobretsov S, Rittschof D. "Omics" Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10518. [PMID: 37445696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofouling is the growth of organisms on wet surfaces. Biofouling includes micro- (bacteria and unicellular algae) and macrofouling (mussels, barnacles, tube worms, bryozoans, etc.) and is a major problem for industries. However, the settlement and growth of some biofouling species, like oysters and corals, can be desirable. Thus, it is important to understand the process of biofouling in detail. Modern "omic" techniques, such as metabolomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, provide unique opportunities to study biofouling organisms and communities and investigate their metabolites and environmental interactions. In this review, we analyze the recent publications that employ metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic techniques for the investigation of biofouling and biofouling organisms. Specific emphasis is given to metagenomics, proteomics and publications using combinations of different "omics" techniques. Finally, this review presents the future outlook for the use of "omics" techniques in marine biofouling studies. Like all trans-disciplinary research, environmental "omics" is in its infancy and will advance rapidly as researchers develop the necessary expertise, theory, and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, Muscat P.O. Box 34, Oman
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
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Li H, Zhang J, Ge X, Chen S, Ma Z. The Effects of Short-Term Exposure to pH Reduction on the Behavioral and Physiological Parameters of Juvenile Black Rockfish ( Sebastes schlegelii). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:876. [PMID: 37372160 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Coastal areas are subject to greater pH fluctuation and more rapid pH decline as a result of both natural and anthropogenic influences in contrast to open ocean environments. Such variations in pH have the potential to pose a threat to the survival and physiological function of offshore fishes. With the aim of evaluating the impact of short-term pH reduction on the behavioral performance and physiological response of costal fish, the black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), one of the principal stock-enhanced species, was examined. In the present study, juveniles of the black rockfish with a mean body length of 6.9 ± 0.3 cm and weight of 8.5 ± 0.5 g were exposed to a series of pHs, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4, 7.6, 7.8, and normal seawater (pH 8.0) for 96 h. At the predetermined time points post-exposure (i.e., 0, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h), fish movement behavior was recorded and the specimens were sampled to assess their physiological responses. The results indicate that the lowered pH environment (pH 7.0-7.8) elicited a significant increase in highly mobile behavior, a decrease in immobile behavior, and a significant rise in the metabolic levels of the black rockfish juveniles. Specifically, carbohydrate metabolism was significantly elevated in the pH 7.2 and 7.4 treatments, while lipid metabolism was significantly increased in the pH 7.0, 7.4, and 7.8 treatments. The results of the present study indicate that short-term reductions in pH could ramp up boldness and boost energy expenditure in the black rockfish juveniles, leading to an increased metabolic cost. Additionally, the present investigation revealed that the black rockfish juveniles were capable of adapting to a short-term pH reduction. The findings may provide insight into the underlying physiological mechanisms that govern fish responses to potential decreases in seawater pH in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Songmeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
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Meng C, Wang K, Zhang X, Zhu X. Effect of cadmium in the gonads of mussel (Mytilus coruscus): an ionomics and proteomics study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68373-68386. [PMID: 37120503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The mussel Mytilus coruscus is an important and very popular seafood in China and widespread along the eastern coast of China. In this study, we investigated the molecular response of mussel gonads to cadmium accumulation at two concentrations (80 and 200 µg/L) for 30 days using ionomics and proteomics techniques. The shrinkage of the cells and moderate hemocytic infiltration were observed in the Cd-treated groups. The strontium, selenium (Se), and zinc contents were significantly altered, and the relationships between iron, copper, Se, manganese, calcium, sodium, and magnesium were also significantly altered. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis revealed a total of 227 differentially expressed proteins. These proteins were associated with multiple biological processes, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, structural reorganization of cells, biosynthesis of amino acids, inflammatory response of cells, and tumorigenesis. Nonetheless, our ionomics and proteomics analysis revealed that mussels could partly alleviate the adverse effects of Cd by altering the metal contents and correlations between minerals, thereby enhancing the biosynthesis of some amino acids and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Overall, this study provides an insight into the mechanism underlying Cd toxicity in mussel gonads from a metal and protein perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Meng
- Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Quality Safety, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316100, People's Republic of China.
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kuiwu Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Quality Safety, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
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Schwaner C, Barbosa M, Schwemmer TG, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Increased Food Resources Help Eastern Oyster Mitigate the Negative Impacts of Coastal Acidification. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071161. [PMID: 37048417 PMCID: PMC10093323 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oceanic absorption of atmospheric CO2 results in alterations of carbonate chemistry, a process coined ocean acidification (OA). The economically and ecologically important eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is vulnerable to these changes because low pH hampers CaCO3 precipitation needed for shell formation. Organisms have a range of physiological mechanisms to cope with altered carbonate chemistry; however, these processes can be energetically expensive and necessitate energy reallocation. Here, the hypothesis that resilience to low pH is related to energy resources was tested. In laboratory experiments, oysters were reared or maintained at ambient (400 ppm) and elevated (1300 ppm) pCO2 levels during larval and adult stages, respectively, before the effect of acidification on metabolism was evaluated. Results showed that oysters exposed to elevated pCO2 had significantly greater respiration. Subsequent experiments evaluated if food abundance influences oyster response to elevated pCO2. Under high food and elevated pCO2 conditions, oysters had less mortality and grew larger, suggesting that food can offset adverse impacts of elevated pCO2, while low food exacerbates the negative effects. Results also demonstrated that OA induced an increase in oyster ability to select their food particles, likely representing an adaptive strategy to enhance energy gains. While oysters appeared to have mechanisms conferring resilience to elevated pCO2, these came at the cost of depleting energy stores, which can limit the available energy for other physiological processes. Taken together, these results show that resilience to OA is at least partially dependent on energy availability, and oysters can enhance their tolerance to adverse conditions under optimal feeding regimes.
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Schwaner C, Farhat S, Barbosa M, Boutet I, Tanguy A, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Molecular Features Associated with Resilience to Ocean Acidification in the Northern Quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:83-99. [PMID: 36417051 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and resulting flux into the oceans will further exacerbate acidification already threatening coastal marine ecosystems. The subsequent alterations in carbonate chemistry can have deleterious impacts on many economically and ecologically important species including the northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria). The accelerated pace of these changes requires an understanding of how or if species and populations will be able to acclimate or adapt to such swift environmental alterations. Thus far, studies have primarily focused on the physiological effects of ocean acidification (OA) on M. mercenaria, including reductions in growth and survival. However, the molecular mechanisms of resilience to OA in this species remains unclear. Clam gametes were fertilized under normal pCO2 and reared under acidified (pH ~ 7.5, pCO2 ~ 1200 ppm) or control (pH ~ 7.9, pCO2 ~ 600 ppm) conditions before sampled at 2 days (larvae), 32 days (postsets), 5 and 10 months (juveniles) and submitted to RNA and DNA sequencing to evaluate alterations in gene expression and genetic variations. Results showed significant shift in gene expression profiles among clams reared in acidified conditions as compared to their respective controls. At 10 months of exposure, significant shifts in allele frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Both approaches highlighted genes coding for proteins related to shell formation, bicarbonate transport, cytoskeleton, immunity/stress, and metabolism, illustrating the role these pathways play in resilience to OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schwaner
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Sarah Farhat
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Michelle Barbosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Isabelle Boutet
- Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Arnaud Tanguy
- Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA.
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Dang X, Lim YK, Li Y, Roberts SB, Li L, Thiyagarajan V. Epigenetic-associated phenotypic plasticity of the ocean acidification-acclimated edible oyster in the mariculture environment. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:412-427. [PMID: 36314404 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For marine invertebrates with a pelagic-benthic life cycle, larval exposure to ocean acidification (OA) can affect adult performance in response to another environmental stressor. This carry-over effect has the potential to alter phenotypic traits. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate "OA"-triggered carry-over effects have not been explored despite such information being key to improving species fitness and management strategies for aquafarming. This study integrated the genome-wide DNA methylome and transcriptome to examine epigenetic modification-mediated carry-over OA impacts on phenotypic traits of the ecologically and commercially important oyster species Crassostrea hongkongensis under field conditions. Larvae of C. hongkongensis were exposed to control pH 8.0 and low pH 7.4 conditions, mimicking near future OA scenario in their habitat, before being outplanted as post-metamorphic juveniles at two mariculture field sites with contrasting environmental stressors for 9 months. The larval carry-over OA effect was found to have persistent impacts on the growth and survival trade-off traits on the outplanted juveniles, although the beneficial or adverse effect depended on the environmental conditions at the outplanted sites. Site-specific plasticity was demonstrated with a diverse DNA methylation-associated gene expression profile, with signal transduction and the endocrine system being the most common and highly enriched functions. Highly methylated exons prevailed in the key genes related to general metabolic and endocytic responses and these genes are evolutionarily conserved in various marine invertebrates in response to OA. These results suggest that oysters with prior larval exposure history to OA had the ability to trigger rapid local adaptive responses via epigenetic modification to cope with multiple stressors in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yong-Kian Lim
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Li
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Steven B Roberts
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Li Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,The Joint Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences (JLMEES), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vengatesen Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Joint Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences (JLMEES), The Swire Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Proteomic and Transcriptomic Responses Enable Clams to Correct the pH of Calcifying Fluids and Sustain Biomineralization in Acidified Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416066. [PMID: 36555707 PMCID: PMC9781830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Seawater pH and carbonate saturation are predicted to decrease dramatically by the end of the century. This process, designated ocean acidification (OA), threatens economically and ecologically important marine calcifiers, including the northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria). While many studies have demonstrated the adverse impacts of OA on bivalves, much less is known about mechanisms of resilience and adaptive strategies. Here, we examined clam responses to OA by evaluating cellular (hemocyte activities) and molecular (high-throughput proteomics, RNASeq) changes in hemolymph and extrapallial fluid (EPF-the site of biomineralization located between the mantle and the shell) in M. mercenaria continuously exposed to acidified (pH ~7.3; pCO2 ~2700 ppm) and normal conditions (pH ~8.1; pCO2 ~600 ppm) for one year. The extracellular pH of EPF and hemolymph (~7.5) was significantly higher than that of the external acidified seawater (~7.3). Under OA conditions, granulocytes (a sub-population of hemocytes important for biomineralization) were able to increase intracellular pH (by 54% in EPF and 79% in hemolymph) and calcium content (by 56% in hemolymph). The increased pH of EPF and hemolymph from clams exposed to high pCO2 was associated with the overexpression of genes (at both the mRNA and protein levels) related to biomineralization, acid-base balance, and calcium homeostasis, suggesting that clams can use corrective mechanisms to mitigate the negative impact of OA.
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Simonetti S, Zupo V, Gambi MC, Luckenbach T, Corsi I. Unraveling cellular and molecular mechanisms of acid stress tolerance and resistance in marine species: New frontiers in the study of adaptation to ocean acidification. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114365. [PMID: 36435021 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, fossil fuel combustion has led to a 30 %-increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, also increasing the ocean partial CO2 pressure. The consequent lowered surface seawater pH is termed ocean acidification (OA) and severely affects marine life on a global scale. Cellular and molecular responses of marine species to lowered seawater pH have been studied but information on the mechanisms driving the tolerance of adapted species to comparatively low seawater pH is limited. Such information may be obtained from species inhabiting sites with naturally low water pH that have evolved remarkable abilities to tolerate such conditions. This review gathers information on current knowledge about species naturally facing low water pH conditions and on cellular and molecular adaptive mechanisms enabling the species to survive under, and even benefit from, adverse pH conditions. Evidences derived from case studies on naturally acidified systems and on resistance mechanisms will guide predictions on the consequences of future adverse OA scenarios for marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Simonetti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Dep.t of BluBioTech, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Dep.t of BluBioTech, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Till Luckenbach
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Wang X, Li C, Lv Z, Zhang Z, Qiu L. A calcification-related calmodulin-like protein in the oyster Crassostrea gigas mediates the enhanced calcium deposition induced by CO 2 exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155114. [PMID: 35413345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium transportation and homeostasis are essential for marine bivalves to maintain basic metabolism and build their shells. Calmodulin-like proteins (CaLPs) are important calcium sensors and buffers and can respond to ocean acidification (OA) in marine calcifiers. However, no further study of their physiological function in calcium metabolism under elevated CO2 has been performed. Here, we identified a novel CaLP (designated CgCaLP) in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and demonstrated its participation in the calcification process: the mRNA expression level of CgCaLP peaked at the trochophore larval stage and remained high at stages when shells were shaped; the mRNA and protein of CgCaLP were more highly expressed in mantle tissue than in other tissues. Under elevated CO2 levels, the protein expression level of CgCaLP in hemocytes increased, while in contrast, significantly decreased protein levels were detected in gill and mantle tissues. Shell dissolution caused the imbalance of calcium in hemocytes and decreased calcium absorption and transportation demand in gill and mantle tissues, inducing the molecular function allocation of CgCaLP under CO2 exposure. Despite the decreased protein level in mantle tissue, CgCaLP was found to translocate to outer mantle epithelium (OME) cells where condensed calcium-rich deposits (CRDs) were detected. We further demonstrated that CgCaLP mRNA and protein expression levels could respond to seawater Ca2+ availability, suggesting that the calcium deposition capacity of oysters might be enhanced to fight against shell dissolution problems and that CgCaLP might serve as an essential participator of the process. In summary, CgCaLP might enhance calcium deposition under CO2 exposure and thus play a significant and flexible molecular function involved in a compensation strategy of oysters to fight against the acidified ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Changmei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhao Lv
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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13
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Gurr SJ, Trigg SA, Vadopalas B, Roberts SB, Putnam HM. Acclimatory gene expression of primed clams enhances robustness to elevated pCO 2. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5005-5023. [PMID: 35947503 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sub-lethal exposure to environmental challenges may enhance ability to cope with chronic or repeated change, a process known as priming. In a previous study, pre-exposure to seawater enriched with pCO2 improved growth and reduced antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa, suggesting that transcriptional shifts may drive phenotypic modifications post-priming. To this end, juvenile clams were sampled and TagSeq gene expression data analyzed after 1) a 110-day acclimation under ambient (921 μatm, naïve) and moderately-elevated pCO2 (2870 μatm, pre-exposed); then following 2) a second 7-day exposure to three pCO2 treatments (ambient: 754 μatm; moderately-elevated: 2750 μatm; severely-elevated: 4940 μatm), a 7-day return to ambient pCO2 , and a third 7-day exposure to two pCO2 treatments (ambient: 967 μatm; moderately-elevated: 3030 μatm). Pre-exposed geoducks frontloaded genes for stress and apoptosis/innate immune response, homeostatic processes, protein degradation, and transcriptional modifiers. Pre-exposed geoducks were also responsive to subsequent encounters, with gene sets enriched for mitochondrial recycling and immune defense under elevated pCO2 and energy metabolism and biosynthesis under ambient recovery. In contrast, gene sets with higher expression in naïve clams were enriched for fatty-acid degradation and glutathione components, suggesting naïve clams could be depleting endogenous fuels, with unsustainable energetic requirements if changes in carbonate chemistry persist. Collectively, our transcriptomic data indicates pCO2 priming during post-larval periods could, via gene expression regulation, enhance robustness in bivalves to environmental change. Such priming approaches may be beneficial for aquaculture, as seafood demand intensifies concurrent with increasing climate change in marine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Gurr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Shelly A Trigg
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Steven B Roberts
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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14
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Lutier M, Di Poi C, Gazeau F, Appolis A, Le Luyer J, Pernet F. Revisiting tolerance to ocean acidification: Insights from a new framework combining physiological and molecular tipping points of Pacific oyster. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3333-3348. [PMID: 35092108 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the impact of ocean acidification on marine organisms involve exposing organisms to future acidification scenarios, which has limited relevance for coastal calcifiers living in a mosaic of habitats. Identification of tipping points beyond which detrimental effects are observed is a widely generalizable proxy of acidification susceptibility at the population level. This approach is limited to a handful of studies that focus on only a few macro-physiological traits, thus overlooking the whole organism response. Here we develop a framework to analyze the broad macro-physiological and molecular responses over a wide pH range in juvenile oyster. We identify low tipping points for physiological traits at pH 7.3-6.9 that coincide with a major reshuffling in membrane lipids and transcriptome. In contrast, a drop in pH affects shell parameters above tipping points, likely impacting animal fitness. These findings were made possible by the development of an innovative methodology to synthesize and identify the main patterns of variations in large -omic data sets, fitting them to pH and identifying molecular tipping points. We propose the broad application of our framework to the assessment of effects of global change on other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carole Di Poi
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
| | - Frédéric Gazeau
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | | | - Jérémy Le Luyer
- EIO UPF/IRD/ILM/Ifremer, Labex CORAIL, Unité RMPF, Centre Océanologique du Pacifique, Vairao, French Polynesia
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15
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Reyes-Giler CL, Benson BE, Levy M, Chen X, Pires A, Pechenik JA, Davies SW. The Marine Gastropod Crepidula fornicata Remains Resilient to Ocean Acidification Across Two Life History Stages. Front Physiol 2021; 12:702864. [PMID: 34512378 PMCID: PMC8424201 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.702864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising atmospheric CO2 reduces seawater pH causing ocean acidification (OA). Understanding how resilient marine organisms respond to OA may help predict how community dynamics will shift as CO2 continues rising. The common slipper shell snail Crepidula fornicata is a marine gastropod native to eastern North America that has been a successful invader along the western European coastline and elsewhere. It has also been previously shown to be resilient to global change stressors. To examine the mechanisms underlying C. fornicata’s resilience to OA, we conducted two controlled laboratory experiments. First, we examined several phenotypes and genome-wide gene expression of C. fornicata in response to pH treatments (7.5, 7.6, and 8.0) throughout the larval stage and then tested how conditions experienced as larvae influenced juvenile stages (i.e., carry-over effects). Second, we examined genome-wide gene expression patterns of C. fornicata larvae in response to acute (4, 10, 24, and 48 h) pH treatment (7.5 and 8.0). Both C. fornicata larvae and juveniles exhibited resilience to OA and their gene expression responses highlight the role of transcriptome plasticity in this resilience. Larvae did not exhibit reduced growth under OA until they were at least 8 days old. These phenotypic effects were preceded by broad transcriptomic changes, which likely served as an acclimation mechanism for combating reduced pH conditions frequently experienced in littoral zones. Larvae reared in reduced pH conditions also took longer to become competent to metamorphose. In addition, while juvenile sizes at metamorphosis reflected larval rearing pH conditions, no carry-over effects on juvenile growth rates were observed. Transcriptomic analyses suggest increased metabolism under OA, which may indicate compensation in reduced pH environments. Transcriptomic analyses through time suggest that these energetic burdens experienced under OA eventually dissipate, allowing C. fornicata to reduce metabolic demands and acclimate to reduced pH. Carry-over effects from larval OA conditions were observed in juveniles; however, these effects were larger for more severe OA conditions and larvae reared in those conditions also demonstrated less transcriptome elasticity. This study highlights the importance of assessing the effects of OA across life history stages and demonstrates how transcriptomic plasticity may allow highly resilient organisms, like C. fornicata, to acclimate to reduced pH environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brooke E Benson
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Morgan Levy
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anthony Pires
- Department of Biology, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, United States
| | - Jan A Pechenik
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Sarah W Davies
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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16
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Li Y, Wang WX. Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the distinct toxicological effects of multi-metal contamination on oysters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117533. [PMID: 34261227 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is the largest estuary in southern China and under high metal stress. In the present study, we employed an integrated method of transcriptomics and proteomics to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of trace metals on the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. Three oyster populations with distinct spatial distributions of metals were sampled, including the Control (Station QA, the lowest metal levels), the High Cd (Station JZ, the highest Cd), and the High Zn-Cu-Cr-Ni (Station LFS, with the highest levels of zinc, copper, chromium, and nickel). Dominant metals in oysters were differentiated by principal component analysis (PCA), and theirgene and protein profiles were studied using RNA-seq and iTRAQ techniques. Of the 2250 proteins identified at both protein and RNA levels, 70 proteins exhibited differential expressions in response to metal stress in oysters from the two contaminated stations. There were 8 proteins altered at both stations, with the potential effects on mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum by Ag. The genotoxicity, including impaired DNA replication and transcription, was specifically observed in the High Cd oysters with the dominating influence of Cd. The structural components (cytoskeleton and chromosome-associated proteins) were impaired by the over-accumulated Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni at Station LFS. However, enhanced tRNA biogenesis and exosome activity might help the oysters to alleviate the toxicities resulting from their exposure to these metals. Our study provided comprehensive information on the molecular changes in oysters at both protein and RNA levels in responding to multi-levels of trace metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Li
- Division of Life Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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17
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Lim YK, Dang X, Thiyagarajan V. Transgenerational responses to seawater pH in the edible oyster, with implications for the mariculture of the species under future ocean acidification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 782:146704. [PMID: 33848868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The majority of common edible oysters are projected to grow more slowly and have smaller impaired shells because of anthropogenic CO2-induced reductions in seawater carbonate ion concentration and pH, a process called ocean acidification (OA). Recent evidence has shown that OA has carryover effects, for example, larvae exposed to OA will also exhibit either positive or negative effects after metamorphosis. This study examined the hidden carryover effects of OA exposure during parental and larval stages on post-metamorphic traits of the commercially important oyster species Crassostrea hongkongensis. Adults of C. hongkongensis were exposed to control pH (pHNBS 8.0) and OA-induced low pH (pHNBS 7.4) conditions. Their larval offspring were then exposed to the same aquarium conditions before being out-planted as post-metamorphic juveniles at a mariculture site for 10 months. Initially, larval offspring were resilient to low pH with or without parental exposure. The larvae exposed to low pH had significantly faster development and higher percentage of settlement success compared to control groups. The out-planted juveniles with parental exposure had improved survival and growth compared to juveniles without parental exposure, regardless of the larval exposure history. This implies that transgenerational effects due to parental exposure not only persists but also have a greater influence than the within-generational effects of larval exposure. Our results shed light on the importance of linking the various life history stages when assessing the OA-induced carryover capacity of C. hongkongensis in the natural environment. Understanding these linked relationships helps us better predict the species rapid adaptation responses in the face of changing coastal conditions due to OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kian Lim
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Division of Ecology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xin Dang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Division of Ecology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Vengatesen Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Division of Ecology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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18
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Effect of Different Species of Prorocentrum Genus on the Japanese Oyster Crassostrea gigas Proteomic Profile. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070504. [PMID: 34357976 PMCID: PMC8310146 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper assesses the effects of exposure to toxic concentrations (1200 to 6000 cells/mL) of the dinoflagellates Prorocentrum lima, Prorocentrum minimum, and Prorocentrum rhathymum and several concentrations of aqueous and organic extracts obtained from the same species (0 to 20 parts per thousand) on the Crassostrea gigas (5-7 mm) proteomic profile. Through comparative proteomic map analyses, several protein spots were detected with different expression levels, of which eight were selected to be identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. The proteomic response suggests that, after 72 h of exposure to whole cells, the biological functions of C. gigas affected proteins in the immune system, stress response, contractile systems and cytoskeletal activities. The exposure to organic and aqueous extracts mainly showed effects on protein expressions in muscle contraction and cytoskeleton morphology. These results enrich the knowledge on early bivalve developmental stages. Therefore, they may be considered a solid base for new bioassays and/or generation of specific analytical tools that allow for some of the main effects of algal proliferation phenomena on bivalve mollusk development to be monitored, characterized and elucidated.
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19
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Li Y, Wang WX. Protein molecular responses of field-collected oysters Crassostrea hongkongensis with greatly varying Cu and Zn body burdens. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 232:105749. [PMID: 33513458 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis is an ideal biomonitor due to its widespread distribution along the coast of Southern China and the ability to hyperaccumulate metals including Cu and Zn. In this study, we conducted the first investigation of the molecular responses to metal hyperaccumulation based on quantitative shotgun proteomics technique and genome information. Gill tissue of oysters collected from the uncontaminated environment (Site 1, 59.6 μg/g and 670 μg/g dry weight for Cu and Zn) displayed significant protein profile differentiation compared to those from a moderately contaminated (Site 2, 1,465 μg/g and 10,170 μg/g for Cu and Zn) and a severely contaminated environment (Site 3, 3,899 μg/g and 39,170 μg/g for Cu and Zn). There were 626 proteins identified to be differentially expressed at Site 3 but only 247 proteins at Site 2. Oysters from a moderately contaminated estuary (Site 2) displayed fewer effects as compared to oysters under severe contamination, with fluctuated small molecule metabolism and enhanced translation process. At Site 3, the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was the main toxicity under the extremely high level of metal stress, which resulted in protein damage. Additionally, the impaired structure of cytoskeleton and modified membrane tracking process at Site 3 oysters led to the blockage or less efficient protein or macromolecule distribution within cells. Nonetheless, proteomic analysis in this study revealed that oysters could partly alleviate the adverse metal effects by boosting the translation process, enhancing the ability to recycle the misfolded proteins, and enhancing the potential to eliminate the excess ROS. Our study demonstrated an adaptive potential of oysters at the protein level to survive under conditions of metal hyper-accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Li
- Division of Life Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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20
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Lim YK, Cheung K, Dang X, Roberts SB, Wang X, Thiyagarajan V. DNA methylation changes in response to ocean acidification at the time of larval metamorphosis in the edible oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 163:105217. [PMID: 33276167 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented rate of increased CO2 level in the ocean and the subsequent changes in carbonate system including decreased pH, known as ocean acidification (OA), is predicted to disrupt not only the calcification process but also several other physiological and developmental processes in a variety of marine organisms, including edible oysters. Nonetheless, not all species are vulnerable to those OA threats, e.g. some species may be able to cope with OA stress using environmentally induced modifications on gene and protein expressions. For example, external environmental stressors including OA can influence the addition and removal of methyl groups through epigenetic modification (e.g. DNA methylation) process to turn gene expression "on or off" as part of a rapid adaptive mechanism to cope with OA. In this study, we tested the above hypothesis through testing the effect of OA, using decreased pH 7.4 as proxy, on DNA methylation pattern of an endemic and a commercially important estuary oyster species, Crassostrea hongkongensis at the time of larval habitat selection and metamorphosis. Larval growth rate did not differ between control pH 8.1 and treatment pH 7.4. The metamorphosis rate of the pediveliger larvae was higher at pH 7.4 than those in control pH 8.1, however over one-third of the larvae raised at pH 7.4 failed to attach on optimal substrate as defined by biofilm presence. During larval development, a total of 130 genes were differentially methylated across the two treatments. The differential methylation in the larval genes may have partially accounted for the higher metamorphosis success rate under decreased pH 7.4 but with poor substratum selection ability. Differentially methylated loci were concentrated in the exon regions and appear to be associated with cytoskeletal and signal transduction, oxidative stress, metabolic processes, and larval metamorphosis, which implies the high potential of C. hongkongensis larvae to acclimate and adapt through non-genetic ways to OA threats within a single generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kian Lim
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Khan Cheung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xin Dang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Steven B Roberts
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122, NE Boat Street, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Vengatesen Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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21
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Lim YK, Cheung K, Dang X, Roberts SB, Wang X, Thiyagarajan V. DNA methylation changes in response to ocean acidification at the time of larval metamorphosis in the edible oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 163:105214. [PMID: 33221553 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented rate of increased CO2 level in the ocean and the subsequent changes in carbonate system including decreased pH, known as ocean acidification (OA), is predicted to disrupt not only the calcification process but also several other physiological and developmental processes in a variety of marine organisms, including edible oysters. Nonetheless, not all species are vulnerable to those OA threats, e.g. some species may be able to cope with OA stress using environmentally induced modifications on gene and protein expressions. For example, external environmental stressors including OA can influence the addition and removal of methyl groups through epigenetic modification (e.g. DNA methylation) process to turn gene expression "on or off" as part of a rapid adaptive mechanism to cope with OA. In this study, we tested the above hypothesis through testing the effect of OA, using decreased pH 7.4 as proxy, on DNA methylation pattern of an endemic and a commercially important estuary oyster species, Crassostrea hongkongensis at the time of larval habitat selection and metamorphosis. Larval growth rate did not differ between control pH 8.1 and treatment pH 7.4. The metamorphosis rate of the pediveliger larvae was higher at pH 7.4 than those in control pH 8.1, however over one-third of the larvae raised at pH 7.4 failed to attach on optimal substrate as defined by biofilm presence. During larval development, a total of 130 genes were differentially methylated across the two treatments. The differential methylation in the larval genes may have partially accounted for the higher metamorphosis success rate under decreased pH 7.4 but with poor substratum selection ability. Differentially methylated loci were concentrated in the exon regions and appear to be associated with cytoskeletal and signal transduction, oxidative stress, metabolic processes, and larval metamorphosis, which implies the high potential of C. hongkongensis larvae to acclimate and adapt through non-genetic ways to OA threats within a single generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kian Lim
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Khan Cheung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xin Dang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Steven B Roberts
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Vengatesen Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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22
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Wang X, Wang M, Wang W, Liu Z, Xu J, Jia Z, Chen H, Qiu L, Lv Z, Wang L, Song L. Transcriptional changes of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas reveal essential role of calcium signal pathway in response to CO 2-driven acidification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140177. [PMID: 32570066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that ocean acidification (OA) has a significant impact on marine organisms. However, the ability of most marine organisms to acclimate to OA and the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. In the present study, whole transcriptome analysis was performed to compare the impacts of short- (7 days, named as short group) and long- (60 days, named as long group) term CO2 exposure (pH 7.50) on Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The responses of C. gigas to short- and long-term CO2 exposure shared common mechanisms in metabolism, membrane-associated transportation and binding processes. Long-term CO2 exposure induced significant expression of genes involved in DNA or RNA binding, indicating the activated transcription after long-term CO2 exposure. Oysters in the short-term group underwent significant intracellular calcium variation and oxidative stress. In contrast, the intracellular calcium, ROS level in hemocytes and H2O2 in serum recovered to normal levels after long-term CO2 exposure, suggesting the compensation of physiological status and mutual interplay between calcium and oxidative level. The compensation was supported by the up-regulation of a series of calcium binding proteins (CBPs) and calmodulins (CaMs) related signal pathway. The results provided valuable information to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the responses of Pacific oyster to the acidified ocean and might have implications for predicting the possible effects of global climate changes on oyster aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhihao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Ma Z, Zheng X, Fu Z, Lin S, Yu G, Qin JG. Transcriptional analysis reveals physiological response to acute acidification stress of barramundi Lates calcarifer (Bloch) in coastal areas. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1729-1741. [PMID: 32533395 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the physiological response of estuarine fish to acidification, barramundi (Lates calcarifer) juveniles were exposed to acidified seawater in experimental conditions. The molecular response of barramundi to acidification stress was assessed by RNA-seq analysis. A total of 2188 genes were identified as differential expression genes. The gene ontology classification system and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database analysis showed that acidification caused differential expressions of genes and pathways in the gills of barramundi. Acidification had a great influence on the signal transduction pathway in cell process. Furthermore, we detected that numerous unigenes involved in the pathways associated with lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism specific and non-specific immunity were changed. This study indicates that the physiological responses in barramundi especially the immune system and energy allocation correspond to the variation of environmental pH. This study reveals the necessity for assessment of the potential of estuarine fishes to cope with acidification of the environment and the need to develop strategies for fish conservation in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Ma
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Fu
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Lin
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yu
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, 572018, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian G Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
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24
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Li S, Alfaro AC, Nguyen TV, Young T, Lulijwa R. An integrated omics approach to investigate summer mortality of New Zealand Greenshell™ mussels. Metabolomics 2020; 16:100. [PMID: 32915338 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green-lipped mussels, commercially known as Greenshell™ mussels (Perna canaliculus Gmelin 1791), contribute > $300 million to New Zealand's aquaculture exports. However, mortalities during summer months and potential pathogenic outbreaks threaten the industry. Thermal stress mechanisms and immunological responses to pathogen infections need to be understood to develop health assessment strategies and early warning systems. METHODS P. canaliculus were collected during a mortality event at a commercial aquaculture farm in Firth of Thames, New Zealand. Gill tissues from six healthy and six unhealthy mussels were excised and processed for metabolomic (GC-MS) and label-free proteomic (LC-MS) profiling. Univariate analyses were conducted separately on each data layer, with data being integrated via sparse multiple discriminative canonical correlation analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis was used to probe coordinated changes in functionally related metabolite sets. RESULTS Findings revealed disruptions of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and fatty acid metabolism in unhealthy mussels. Metabolomics analyses also indicated oxidative stress in unhealthy mussels. Proteomics analyses identified under-expression of proteins associated with cytoskeleton structure and regulation of cilia/flagellum in gill tissues of unhealthy mussels. Integrated omics revealed a positive correlation between Annexin A4 and CCDC 150 and saturated fatty acids, as well as a negative correlation between 2-aminoadipic acid and multiple cytoskeletal proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the ability of using integrative omics to reveal metabolic perturbations and protein structural changes in the gill tissues of stressed P. canaliculus and provides new insight into metabolite and protein interactions associated with incidences of summer mortality in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Li
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Thao V Nguyen
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tim Young
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ronald Lulijwa
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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25
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Li Y, Zhang X, Meng J, Chen J, You X, Shi Q, Wang WX. Molecular responses of an estuarine oyster to multiple metal contamination in Southern China revealed by RNA-seq. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134648. [PMID: 31704403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The estuarine oysters Crassostrea hongkongensis hyper-accumulate many metals and survive under high levels of metal exposure. In the present study, three natural populations of oysters with various levels of accumulated metals (mainly Cu and Zn) were collected from Southern China. The morphological characteristics and metal concentrations revealed their phenotypic differentiation. Further transcripts sequences acquired from their gill tissues were analyzed and 44,801 genes (with effective reads) were obtained via de novo assembly. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the gene expression patterns also displayed differentiation among the three populations. A total of 3,199 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified in the contaminated oysters as compared to the 'clean' oysters, which were used to explain the molecular mechanisms of metal accumulation and toxicity. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that energy production and cytoskeleton metabolism-related genes were particularly enriched in the contaminated sites during chronic metal exposure. Besides, increasing expressions of Zn/Cu transporters and metallothionein may explain their high accumulation in contaminated populations. We showed that oysters with less metal accumulation tended to cope with metal stress actively, but severe contamination destroyed part of the normal function. Our study analyzed the gene expression patterns of C. hongkongensis in Southern China and demonstrated the phenotypic differentiation of oysters under chronical metal exposure in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Li
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jieming Chen
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xinxin You
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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26
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Timmins‐Schiffman E, Guzmán JM, Elliott Thompson R, Vadopalas B, Eudeline B, Roberts SB. Dynamic response in the larval geoduck ( Panopea generosa) proteome to elevated pCO 2. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:185-197. [PMID: 31988722 PMCID: PMC6972802 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pacific geoducks (Panopea generosa) are clams found along the northeast Pacific coast where they are important components of coastal and estuarine ecosystems and a major aquaculture product. The Pacific coastline, however, is also experiencing rapidly changing ocean habitat, including significant reductions in pH. To better understand the physiological impact of ocean acidification on geoduck clams, we characterized for the first time the proteomic profile of this bivalve during larval development and compared it to that of larvae exposed to low pH conditions. Geoduck larvae were reared at pH 7.5 (ambient) or pH 7.1 in a commercial shellfish hatchery from day 6 to day 19 postfertilization and sampled at six time points for an in-depth proteomics analysis using high-resolution data-dependent analysis. Larvae reared at low pH were smaller than those reared at ambient pH, especially in the prodissoconch II phase of development, and displayed a delay in their competency for settlement. Proteomic profiles revealed that metabolic, cell cycle, and protein turnover pathways differed between the two pH and suggested that differing phenotypic outcomes between pH 7.5 and 7.1 are likely due to environmental disruptions to the timing of physiological events. In summary, ocean acidification results in elevated energetic demand on geoduck larvae, resulting in delayed development and disruptions to normal molecular developmental pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, cell growth, and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Guzmán
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Rhonda Elliott Thompson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Taylor Shellfish HatcheryQuilceneWAUSA
- Mason County Public HealthSheltonWAUSA
| | | | | | - Steven B. Roberts
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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Nie CH, Wan SM, Liu YL, Liu H, Wang WM, Gao ZX. Development of Teleost Intermuscular Bones Undergoing Intramembranous Ossification Based on Histological-Transcriptomic-Proteomic Data. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4698. [PMID: 31546739 PMCID: PMC6801895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermuscular bones (IBs) specially exist in lower teleost fish and the molecular mechanism for its development remains to be clarified. In this study, different staining methods and comparative proteomics were conducted to investigate the histological structure and proteome of IB development in Megalobrama amblycephala, including four key IB developmental stages (S1-IBs have not emerged in the tail part; S2-several small IBs started to ossify in the tail part; S3-IBs appeared rapidly; S4-all the IBs appeared with mature morphology). Alcian blue and alizarin red S stained results indicated that IBs were gradually formed from S2 to S4, undergoing intramembranous ossification without a cartilaginous phase. A total of 3368 proteins were identified by using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach. Functional annotation showed that proteins which were differentially expressed among stages were involved in calcium, MAPK, Wnt, TGF-β, and osteoclast pathways which played a critical role in bone formation and differentiation. Three proteins (collagen9α1, stat1, tnc) associated with chondrocytes did not exhibit significant changes through S2 to S4; however, proteins (entpd5, casq1a, pvalb, anxa2a, anxa5) which associated with osteoblasts and bone formation and differentiation showed significantly a higher expression level from S1 to S2, as well as to S3 and S4. These further demonstrated that development of IBs did not go through a cartilaginous phase. The inhibitors of TGF-β and Wnt pathways were tested on zebrafish (sp7/eGFP) and the results indicated that both inhibitors significantly delayed IB development. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the IB ossification pattern, which will help further elucidate the molecular mechanisms for IB development in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Nie
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Wan
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu-Long Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Han Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei-Min Wang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ze-Xia Gao
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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28
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Di G, Li Y, Zhu G, Guo X, Li H, Huang M, Shen M, Ke C. Effects of acidification on the proteome during early development of Babylonia areolata. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1503-1520. [PMID: 31268628 PMCID: PMC6722889 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increases in atmospheric CO2 partial pressure have lowered seawater pH in marine ecosystems, a process called ocean acidification (OA). The effects of OA during the critical stages of larval development may have disastrous consequences for some marine species, including Babylonia areolata (Link 1807), a commercially important sea snail in China and South East Asia. To investigate how OA affects the proteome of Babylonia areolata, here we used label-free proteomics to study protein changes in response to acidified (pH 7.6) or ambient seawater (pH 8.1) during three larvae developmental stages of B. areolata, namely, the veliger larvae before attachment (E1), veliger larvae after attachment (E2), and carnivorous juvenile snail (E3). In total, we identified 720 proteins. This result suggested that acidification seriously affects late veliger stage after attachment (E2). Further examination of the roles of differentially expressed proteins, which include glutaredoxin, heat-shock protein 70, thioredoxin, catalase, cytochrome-c-oxidase, peroxiredoxin 6, troponin T, CaM kinase II alpha, proteasome subunit N3 and cathepsin L, will be important for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying pH reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Di
- College of FisheriesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of FisheriesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Guorong Zhu
- College of FisheriesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Hui Li
- College of FisheriesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Minghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
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29
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Migliaccio O, Pinsino A, Maffioli E, Smith AM, Agnisola C, Matranga V, Nonnis S, Tedeschi G, Byrne M, Gambi MC, Palumbo A. Living in future ocean acidification, physiological adaptive responses of the immune system of sea urchins resident at a CO 2 vent system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:938-950. [PMID: 30981169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ocean acidification, a major anthropogenic impact on marine life, have been mainly investigated in laboratory/mesocosm experiments. We used the CO2 vents at Ischia as a natural laboratory to study the long-term effects of ocean acidification on the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus population resident in low-pH (7.8 ± 0.2) compared to that at two control sites (pH 8.02 ± 0.00; 8.02 ± 0.01). The novelty of the present study is the analysis of the sea urchin immune cells, the sentinels of environmental stress responses, by a wide-ranging approach, including cell morphology, biochemistry and proteomics. Immune cell proteomics showed that 311 proteins were differentially expressed in urchins across sites with a general shift towards antioxidant processes in the vent urchins. The vent urchin immune cells showed higher levels of total antioxidant capacity, up-regulation of phagosome and microsomal proteins, enzymes of ammonium metabolism, amino-acid degradation, and modulation of carbon metabolism proteins. Lipid-hydroperoxides and nitric oxide levels were not different in urchins from the different sites. No differences in the coelomic fluid pH, immune cell composition, animal respiration, nitrogen excretion and skeletal mineralogy were observed. Our results reveal the phenotypic plasticity of the immune system of sea urchins adapted to life at vent site, under conditions commensurate with near-future ocean acidification projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Migliaccio
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pinsino
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Maffioli
- DIMEVET - Section of Biochemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Abigail M Smith
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Matranga
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Nonnis
- DIMEVET - Section of Biochemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria Byrne
- School of Medical and Science and School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maria Cristina Gambi
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center), Ischia, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Naples, Italy.
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30
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Kang HY, Lee YJ, Song WY, Kim TI, Lee WC, Kim TY, Kang CK. Physiological responses of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai to daily and seasonal temperature variations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8019. [PMID: 31142794 PMCID: PMC6541628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms inhabiting tidal mixing-front zones in shallow temperate seas are subjected to large semidiurnal temperature fluctuations in summer. The ability to optimize energy acquisition to this episodic thermal oscillation may determine the survival, growth and development of these ectotherms. We compared the physiological and molecular responses of Haliotis discus hannai cultivated in suspended cages to fluctuating or stable temperature conditions. Several physiological indicators (respiration, excretion rates and O:N) were measured in both conditions, and alterations in the proteome during thermal fluctuations were assessed. No summer mortality was observed in abalone cultivated in fluctuating temperatures compared with that at stable high temperatures. Metabolic rates increased sharply during stable warm summer conditions and fluctuated in accordance with short-term temperature fluctuations (20–26 °C). Ammonia excretion rates during acute responses were comparable in both conditions. When abalone were exposed to fluctuating temperatures, enzyme activities were downregulated and structure-related protein expression was upregulated compared with that at an acclimation temperature (26 °C), highlighting that exposure to low temperatures during fluctuations alters molecular processes. Our results reveal that modulation of physiological traits and protein expression during semidiurnal thermal fluctuations may buffer abalone from the lethal consequences of extreme temperatures in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Yoon Kang
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Lee
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Young Song
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ik Kim
- National Institute of Fisheries Science, Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Gyeongnam, 53085, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chan Lee
- National Institute of Fisheries Science, Marine Environment Research Division, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Keun Kang
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Effect of CO2–induced ocean acidification on the early development and shell mineralization of the European abalone (Haliotis tuberculata). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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32
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Moreira A, Figueira E, Mestre NC, Schrama D, Soares AMVM, Freitas R, Bebianno MJ. Impacts of the combined exposure to seawater acidification and arsenic on the proteome of Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:117-129. [PMID: 30119036 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis was performed to compare the effects of Arsenic (As), seawater acidification (Low pH) and the combination of both stressors (Low pH + As) on Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas juveniles in the context of global environmental change. This study aimed to elucidate if two closely related Crassostrea species respond similarly to these environmental stressors, considering both single and combined exposures, to infer if the simultaneous exposure to both stressors induced a differentiated response. Identification of the most important differentially expressed proteins between conditions revealed marked differences in the response of each species towards single and combined exposures, evidencing species-related differences towards each experimental condition. Moreover, protein alterations observed in the combined exposure (Low pH + As) were substantially different from those observed in single exposures. Identified proteins and their putative biological functions revealed an array of modes of action in each condition. Among the most important, those involved in cellular structure (Actin, Atlastin, Severin, Gelsolin, Coronin) and extracellular matrix modulation (Ependymin, Tight junction ZO-1, Neprilysin) were strongly regulated, although in different exposure conditions and species. Data also revealed differences regarding metabolic modulation capacity (ATP β, Enolase, Aconitate hydratase) and oxidative stress response (Aldehyde dehydrogenase, Lactoylglutathione, Retinal dehydrogenase) of each species, which also depended on single or combined exposures, illustrating a different response capacity of both oyster species to the presence of multiple stressors. Interestingly, alterations of piRNA abundance in C. angulata suggested genome reconfiguration in response to multiple stressors, likely an important mode of action related to adaptive evolution mechanisms previously unknown to oyster species, which requires further investigation. The present findings provide a deeper insight into the complexity of C. angulata and C. gigas responses to environmental stress at the proteome level, evidencing different capacities to endure abiotic changes, with relevance regarding the ecophysiological fitness of each species and competitive advantages in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nélia C Mestre
- CIMA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Denise Schrama
- CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Wang M, Jeong CB, Lee YH, Lee JS. Effects of ocean acidification on copepods. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 196:17-24. [PMID: 29324394 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) leads to significant changes in seawater carbon chemistry, broadly affects marine organisms, and considered as a global threat to the fitness of marine ecosystems. Due to the crucial role of copepods in marine food webs of transferring energy from primary producers to higher trophic levels, numerous studies have been conducted to examine the impacts of OA on biological traits of copepods such as growth and reproduction. Under OA stress, the copepods demonstrated species-specific and stage-dependent responses. Notably, different populations of the same copepod species demonstrated different sensitivities to the increased pCO2. In copepods, the deleterious effects of OA are also reinforced by other naturally occurring co-stressors (e.g., thermal stress, food deprivation, and metal pollution). Given that most OA stress studies have focused on the effects of short-term exposure (shorter than a single generation), experiments using adults might have underestimated the damaging effects of OA and the long-term multigenerational exposure to multiple stressors (e.g., increased pCO2 and food shortage) will be required. Particularly, omics-based technologies (e.g., genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) will be helpful to better understand the underlying processes behind biological responses (e.g., survival, development, and offspring production) at the mechanistic level which will improve our predictions of the responses of copepods to climate change stressors including OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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34
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Goncalves P, Jones DB, Thompson EL, Parker LM, Ross PM, Raftos DA. Transcriptomic profiling of adaptive responses to ocean acidification. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:5974-5988. [PMID: 28833825 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Some populations of marine organisms appear to have inherent tolerance or the capacity for acclimation to stressful environmental conditions, including those associated with climate change. Sydney rock oysters from the B2 breeding line exhibit resilience to ocean acidification (OA) at the physiological level. To understand the molecular basis of this physiological resilience, we analysed the gill transcriptome of B2 oysters that had been exposed to near-future projected ocean pH over two consecutive generations. Our results suggest that the distinctive performance of B2 oysters in the face of OA is mediated by the selective expression of genes involved in multiple cellular processes. Subsequent high-throughput qPCR revealed that some of these transcriptional changes are exclusive to B2 oysters and so may be associated with their resilience to OA. The intracellular processes mediated by the differentially abundant genes primarily involve control of the cell cycle and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. These changes may enable B2 oysters to prevent apoptosis resulting from oxidative damage or to alleviate the effects of apoptosis through regulation of the cell cycle. Comparative analysis of the OA conditioning effects across sequential generations supported the contention that B2 and wild-type oysters have different trajectories of changing gene expression and responding to OA. Our findings reveal the broad set of molecular processes underlying transgenerational conditioning and potential resilience to OA in a marine calcifier. Identifying the mechanisms of stress resilience can uncover the intracellular basis for these organisms to survive and thrive in a rapidly changing ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Goncalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David B Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma L Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura M Parker
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pauline M Ross
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David A Raftos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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35
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Goncalves P, Thompson EL, Raftos DA. Contrasting impacts of ocean acidification and warming on the molecular responses of CO 2-resilient oysters. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:431. [PMID: 28578697 PMCID: PMC5457604 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study characterises the molecular processes altered by both elevated CO2 and increasing temperature in oysters. Differences in resilience of marine organisms against the environmental stressors associated with climate change will have significant implications for the sustainability of coastal ecosystems worldwide. Some evidence suggests that climate change resilience can differ between populations within a species. B2 oysters represent a unique genetic resource because of their capacity to better withstand the impacts of elevated CO2 at the physiological level, compared to non-selected oysters from the same species (Saccostrea glomerata). Here, we used proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of gill tissue to evaluate whether the differential response of B2 oysters to elevated CO2 also extends to increased temperature. RESULTS Substantial and distinctive effects on protein concentrations and gene expression were evident among B2 oysters responding to elevated CO2 or elevated temperature. The combination of both stressors also altered oyster gill proteomes and gene expression. However, the impacts of elevated CO2 and temperature were not additive or synergistic, and may be antagonistic. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the simultaneous exposure of CO2-resilient oysters to near-future projected ocean pH and temperature results in complex changes in molecular processes in order to prevent stress-induced cellular damage. The differential response of B2 oysters to the combined stressors also indicates that the addition of thermal stress may impair the resilience of these oysters to decreased pH. Overall, this study reveals the intracellular mechanisms that might enable marine calcifiers to endure the emergent, adverse seawater conditions resulting from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Goncalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia. .,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay, Sydney, NSW, 2088, Australia.
| | - Emma L Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay, Sydney, NSW, 2088, Australia.,Present Address: School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - David A Raftos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay, Sydney, NSW, 2088, Australia
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36
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Wang M, Lee JS, Li Y. Global Proteome Profiling of a Marine Copepod and the Mitigating Effect of Ocean Acidification on Mercury Toxicity after Multigenerational Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:5820-5831. [PMID: 28414453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that ocean acidification (OA) mitigates mercury (Hg) toxicity to marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus under multigenerational exposure (four generations, F0-F3). To determine the response mechanisms of T. japonicus against long-term exposure to OA and Hg pollution, we investigated the proteome of F3 copepods after multigenerational exposure to four conditions: pCO2 400 μatm + control; pCO2 1000 μatm + control; pCO2 400 μatm +1.0 μg/L Hg; and pCO2 1000 μatm +1.0 μg/L Hg. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that OA enhanced the copepod's energy production mainly by increasing protein assimilation and proteolysis as a compensatory strategy, which explained its physiological resilience to reduced pH. Conversely, Hg treatment decreased many critical processes, including ferric iron binding, antioxidant activity, cellular homeostasis, and glutathione metabolism, and these toxic events could translate into higher-level responses, i.e., restrained reproduction in copepods. Importantly, the mediation of Hg toxicity in T. japonicus by OA could be explained by the enhanced lysosome-autophagy pathway proteomes that are responsible for repairing and removing damaged proteins and enzymes under stress. Overall, this study provided molecular insights into the response of T. japonicus to long-term exposure of OA and Hg, with a particular emphasis on the mitigating impact of the CO2-driven acidification on Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, South Korea
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Goncalves P, Anderson K, Thompson EL, Melwani A, Parker LM, Ross PM, Raftos DA. Rapid transcriptional acclimation following transgenerational exposure of oysters to ocean acidification. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4836-49. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Goncalves
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Chowder Bay NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Kelli Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Chowder Bay NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Emma L. Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Chowder Bay NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Aroon Melwani
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Chowder Bay NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Laura m. Parker
- School of Biological Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Pauline M. Ross
- School of Biological Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - David A. Raftos
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Chowder Bay NSW 2088 Australia
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Dineshram R, Chandramouli K, Ko GWK, Zhang H, Qian PY, Ravasi T, Thiyagarajan V. Quantitative analysis of oyster larval proteome provides new insights into the effects of multiple climate change stressors. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2054-2068. [PMID: 26990129 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The metamorphosis of planktonic larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) underpins their complex life-history strategy by switching on the molecular machinery required for sessile life and building calcite shells. Metamorphosis becomes a survival bottleneck, which will be pressured by different anthropogenically induced climate change-related variables. Therefore, it is important to understand how metamorphosing larvae interact with emerging climate change stressors. To predict how larvae might be affected in a future ocean, we examined changes in the proteome of metamorphosing larvae under multiple stressors: decreased pH (pH 7.4), increased temperature (30 °C), and reduced salinity (15 psu). Quantitative protein expression profiling using iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS identified more than 1300 proteins. Decreased pH had a negative effect on metamorphosis by down-regulating several proteins involved in energy production, metabolism, and protein synthesis. However, warming switched on these down-regulated pathways at pH 7.4. Under multiple stressors, cell signaling, energy production, growth, and developmental pathways were up-regulated, although metamorphosis was still reduced. Despite the lack of lethal effects, significant physiological responses to both individual and interacting climate change related stressors were observed at proteome level. The metamorphosing larvae of the C. gigas population in the Yellow Sea appear to have adequate phenotypic plasticity at the proteome level to survive in future coastal oceans, but with developmental and physiological costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadoss Dineshram
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kondethimmanahalli Chandramouli
- Division of Biological, Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Division of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences and KAUST Environmental Epigenetic Program (KEEP), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ginger Wai Kuen Ko
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Division of Biological, Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Division of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences and KAUST Environmental Epigenetic Program (KEEP), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Division of Biological, Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Division of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences and KAUST Environmental Epigenetic Program (KEEP), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vengatesen Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong SAR, China
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