1
|
Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. The Cellular and Organismal Effects of Nitroxides and Nitroxide-Containing Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1446. [PMID: 38338725 PMCID: PMC10855878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitroxides are stable free radicals that have antioxidant properties. They react with many types of radicals, including alkyl and peroxyl radicals. They act as mimics of superoxide dismutase and stimulate the catalase activity of hemoproteins. In some situations, they may exhibit pro-oxidant activity, mainly due to the formation of oxoammonium cations as products of their oxidation. In this review, the cellular effects of nitroxides and their effects in animal experiments and clinical trials are discussed, including the beneficial effects in various pathological situations involving oxidative stress, protective effects against UV and ionizing radiation, and prolongation of the life span of cancer-prone mice. Nitroxides were used as active components of various types of nanoparticles. The application of these nanoparticles in cellular and animal experiments is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hatakeyama-Sato K, Oyaizu K. Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11336-11391. [PMID: 37695670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mallela YL, Kim S, Seo G, Kim JW, Kumar S, Lee J, Lee JS. Crosslinked poly(allyl glycidyl ether) with pendant nitrile groups as solid polymer electrolytes for Li–S batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Zhu J, Zhu T, Tuo H, Zhang W. Synthesis of a TEMPO-Substituted Polyacrylamide Bearing a Sulfonate Sodium Pendant and Its Properties in an Organic Radical Battery. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2076. [PMID: 31842395 PMCID: PMC6960655 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel nitroxyl radical polymer poly(TEMPO-acrylamide-co-sodium styrene sulfonate) (abbreviated as poly(TAm-co-SSS)) was synthesized using 4-acrylamido-2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine (AATP) copolymerized with styrene sulfonate sodium (SSS). AATP was synthesized through a substitution reaction of acryloyl chloride. Meanwhile, poly(4-acrylamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-nitroxyl radical) (PTAm) was prepared as a control sample. Then, the structures of products were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), respectively. Additionally, the electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and the charge-discharge cycling properties were studied. The results demonstrated that the poly(TAm-co-SSS) with the side group of sodium sulfonate adjacent to TEMPO group exhibits a better charge-discharge cycling stability than that of the PTAm. Moreover, the charge specific capacity of the poly(TAm-co-SSS) is larger than that of the PTAm. Besides, the first coulombic efficiency of poly(TAm-co-SSS) is higher in comparison with that of PTAm. These superior electrochemical performances were ascribed to the synergistic effect of sulfonate ions group and nitroxyl radical structure, which benefits the improvement of charge carrier transportation of the nitroxyl radical polymers. Consequently, the nitroxyl radical poly(TAm-co-SSS) is promising for use in organic radical battery materials, based on the good electrochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (T.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Ting Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (T.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Huan Tuo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (T.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Akakuru OU, Iqbal MZ, Saeed M, Liu C, Paunesku T, Woloschak G, Hosmane NS, Wu A. The Transition from Metal-Based to Metal-Free Contrast Agents for T1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Enhancement. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2264-2286. [PMID: 31380621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has received significant attention as the noninvasive diagnostic technique for complex diseases. Image-guided therapeutic strategy for diseases such as cancer has also been at the front line of biomedical research, thanks to the innovative MRI, enhanced by the prior delivery of contrast agents (CAs) into patients' bodies through injection. These CAs have contributed a great deal to the clinical utility of MRI but have been based on metal-containing compounds such as gadolinium, manganese, and iron oxide. Some of these CAs have led to cytotoxicities such as the incurable Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF), resulting in their removal from the market. On the other hand, CAs based on organic nitroxide radicals, by virtue of their structural composition, are metal free and without the aforementioned drawbacks. They also have improved biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and long blood circulation times, and have been proven to offer tissue contrast enhancement with longitudinal relaxivities comparable with those for the metal-containing CAs. Thus, this Review highlights the recent progress in metal-based CAs and their shortcomings. In addition, the remarkable goals achieved by the organic nitroxide radical CAs in the enhancement of MR images have also been discussed extensively. The focal point of this Review is to emphasize or demonstrate the crucial need for transition into the use of organic nitroxide radicals-metal-free CAs-as against the metal-containing CAs, with the aim of achieving safer application of MRI for early disease diagnosis and image-guided therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - M Zubair Iqbal
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textiles , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , No. 2 Road of Xiasha , Hangzhou 310018 , P.R. China
| | - Madiha Saeed
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Gayle Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Narayan S Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Northern Illinois University , DeKalb , Illinois 60115 , United States
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nagura K, Bogdanov A, Chumakova N, Vorobiev AK, Moronaga S, Imai H, Matsuda T, Noda Y, Maeda T, Koizumi S, Sakamoto K, Amano T, Yoshino F, Kato T, Komatsu N, Tamura R. Size-tunable MRI-visible nitroxide-based magnetic mixed micelles: preparation, stability, and theranostic application. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:224002. [PMID: 30743248 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free magnetic mixed micelles (mean diameter: 16 nm) composed of biocompatible surfactant Tween 80 and hydrophobic pyrrolidine-N-oxyl radical were prepared by mixing them in phosphate-buffered saline. The magnetic mixed micelles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and small angle neutron scattering measurements. The stability of the micelles is found to depend on the length of alkyl side chain in the nitroxide compounds and degree of unsaturation in the hydrophobic chain in the surfactant. The size of the mixed micelle can be tuned by changing the molar ratio of Tween 80 and nitroxyl radical. In view of theranostic application of the micelle, the cytotoxicity and stability in a physiological environment was investigated; the mixed micelle exhibited no cytotoxicity, high colloidal stability and high resistance towards reduction by large excess ascorbic acid. The in vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed sufficient contrast enhancement in the proton longitudinal relaxation time (T 1) weighted images. In addition, hydrophobic fluorophores and an anticancer drug are stably encapsulated in the mixed micelles and showed fluorescence (FL) upon reduction by ascorbic acid and cytotoxicity to cancer cells, respectively. For example, the paclitaxel-loaded mixed micelles efficiently suppressed cancer cell growth. Furthermore, they were found to give higher MRI contrast (higher r 1 value) in vitro than the micelles without paclitaxel. The magnetic mixed micelles presented here are promising theranostic agents in nanomedicine due to their high biocompatibility and high resistivity towards reduction as well as functioning as a drug carrier in therapy and MR or FL imaging probe in diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nagura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nagura K, Takemoto Y, Yoshino F, Bogdanov A, Chumakova N, Vorobiev AK, Imai H, Matsuda T, Shimono S, Kato T, Komatsu N, Tamura R. Magnetic Mixed Micelles Composed of a Non-Ionic Surfactant and Nitroxide Radicals Containing a D-Glucosamine Unit: Preparation, Stability, and Biomedical Application. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E42. [PMID: 30669485 PMCID: PMC6359449 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-free magnetic mixed micelles (mean diameter: < 20 nm) were prepared by mixing the biocompatible non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and the non-toxic, hydrophobic pyrrolidine-N-oxyl radicals bearing a D-glucosamine unit in pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The time-course stability and in vitro magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast ability of the mixed micelles was found to depend on the length of the alkyl chain in the nitroxide radicals. It was also confirmed that the mixed micelles exhibited no toxicity in vivo and in vitro and high stability in the presence of a large excess of ascorbic acid. The in vivo MRI experiment revealed that one of these mixed micelles showed much higher contrast enhancement in the proton longitudinal relaxation time (T₁) weighted images than other magnetic mixed micelles that we have reported previously. Thus, the magnetic mixed micelles presented here are expected to serve as a promising contrast agent for theranostic nanomedicines, such as MRI-visible targeted drug delivery carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nagura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yusa Takemoto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Fumi Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Alexey Bogdanov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Natalia Chumakova
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey Kh Vorobiev
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Hirohiko Imai
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Matsuda
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Shimono
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Naoki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Rui Tamura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hansen KA, Blinco JP. Nitroxide radical polymers – a versatile material class for high-tech applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies for the preparation of nitroxide radical polymer materials and a state-of-the-art perspective on their latest and most exciting applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Anders Hansen
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nagura K, Takemoto Y, Moronaga S, Uchida Y, Shimono S, Shiino A, Tanigaki K, Amano T, Yoshino F, Noda Y, Koizumi S, Komatsu N, Kato T, Yamauchi J, Tamura R. Preparation of Robust Metal-Free Magnetic Nanoemulsions Encapsulating Low-Molecular-Weight Nitroxide Radicals and Hydrophobic Drugs Directed Toward MRI-Visible Targeted Delivery. Chemistry 2017; 23:15713-15720. [PMID: 28815766 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
With a view to developing a theranostic nanomedicine for targeted drug delivery systems visible by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, robust metal-free magnetic nanoemulsions (mean particle size less than 20 nm) consisting of a biocompatible surfactant and hydrophobic, low molecular weight 2,2,5-trimethyl-5-(4-alkoxy)phenylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl radicals were prepared in pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The structure of the nanoemulsions was characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering and small-angle neutron-scattering measurements. The nanoemulsions showed high colloidal stability, low cytotoxicity, enough reduction resistance to excess ascorbic acid, and sufficient contrast enhancement in the proton longitudinal relaxation time (T1 ) weighted MR images in PBS in vitro (and preliminarily in vivo). Furthermore, the hydrophobic anticancer drug paclitaxel could be encapsulated inside the nanoparticles, and the resulting paclitaxel-loaded nanoemulsions were efficiently incorporated into HeLa cells to suppress cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nagura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusa Takemoto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satori Moronaga
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.,PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimono
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shiino
- Biomedical MR Science Center, Shiga, University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanigaki
- Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Moriyama 5-4-30, Shiga, 524-8524, Japan
| | - Tsukuru Amano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Fumi Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yohei Noda
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koizumi
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Naoki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rui Tamura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liedel C, Ober CK. Nanopatterning of Stable Radical Containing Block Copolymers for Highly Ordered Functional Nanomeshes. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Liedel
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher K. Ober
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Cornell University, 310 Bard Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wingate AJ, Boudouris BW. Recent advances in the syntheses of radical-containing macromolecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Wingate
- School of Chemical Engineering; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| | - Bryan W. Boudouris
- School of Chemical Engineering; Purdue University; West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen C, Kang N, Xu T, Wang D, Ren L, Guo X. Core-shell hybrid upconversion nanoparticles carrying stable nitroxide radicals as potential multifunctional nanoprobes for upconversion luminescence and magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:5249-5261. [PMID: 25716884 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07591a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxide radicals, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives, have recently been used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI). However, their rapid one-electron bioreduction to diamagnetic N-hydroxy species when administered intravenously has limited their use in in vivo applications. In this article, a new approach of silica coating for carrying stable radicals was proposed. A 4-carboxyl-TEMPO nitroxide radical was covalently linked with 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane to produce a silanizing TEMPO radical. Utilizing a facile reaction based on the copolymerization of silanizing TEMPO radicals with tetraethyl orthosilicate in reverse microemulsion, a TEMPO radicals doped SiO2 nanostructure was synthesized and coated on the surface of NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to generate a novel multifunctional nanoprobe, PEGylated UCNP@TEMPO@SiO2 for upconversion luminescence (UCL) and magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging. The electron spin resonance (ESR) signals generated by the TEMPO@SiO2 show an enhanced reduction resistance property for a period of time of up to 1 h, even in the presence of 5 mM ascorbic acid. The longitudinal relaxivity of PEGylated UCNPs@TEMPO@SiO2 nanocomposites is about 10 times stronger than that for free TEMPO radicals. The core-shell NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4 UCNPs synthesized by this modified user-friendly one-pot solvothermal strategy show a significant enhancement of UCL emission of up to 60 times more than the core NaYF4:Yb,Er. Furthermore, the PEGylated UCNP@TEMPO@SiO2 nanocomposites were further used as multifunctional nanoprobes to explore their performance in the UCL imaging of living cells and T1-weighted MRI in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bertrand O, Ernould B, Boujioui F, Vlad A, Gohy JF. Synthesis of polymer precursors of electroactive materials by SET-LRP. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00896d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SET-LRP is used for the controlled copolymerisation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl methacrylate (TMPM) with 3-azidopropyl methacrylate (AzPMA), followed by the oxidation of TMPM to produce electroactive poly(TEMPO methacrylate) (PTMA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Bertrand
- Institute of condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Bruno Ernould
- Institute of condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Fadoi Boujioui
- Institute of condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Information and Communication Technologies
- Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oyaizu K, Tatsuhira H, Nishide H. Facile charge transport and storage by a TEMPO-populated redox mediating polymer integrated with polyaniline as electrical conducting path. Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2014.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
15
|
Sukegawa T, Masuko I, Oyaizu K, Nishide H. Expanding the Dimensionality of Polymers Populated with Organic Robust Radicals toward Flow Cell Application: Synthesis of TEMPO-Crowded Bottlebrush Polymers Using Anionic Polymerization and ROMP. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501632t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sukegawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Issei Masuko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tomlinson EP, Hay ME, Boudouris BW. Radical Polymers and Their Application to Organic Electronic Devices. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5014572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward P. Tomlinson
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Martha E. Hay
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bryan W. Boudouris
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sukegawa T, Omata H, Masuko I, Oyaizu K, Nishide H. Anionic Polymerization of 4-Methacryloyloxy-TEMPO Using an MMA-Capped Initiator. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:240-243. [PMID: 35590514 DOI: 10.1021/mz400644y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anionic polymerization of 4-methacryloyloxy-TEMPO (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) was successfully carried out using methyl methacrylate-capped 1,1-diphenylhexyllithium (DPHLi/MMA), of which nucleophilicity is moderate enough to suppress the side reaction between the nitroxide radical of TEMPO moiety and the carbanion of DPHLi, to yield the radical polymer with well-controlled molecular weight, narrow polydispersity index (PDI < 1.10), high yield (>95%), and almost 1.0 radicals per monomer unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sukegawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Omata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Issei Masuko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mardyukov A, Tesch M, Studer A. Synthesis of orthogonally addressable block copolymers via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and subsequent chemoselective postmodification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mardyukov
- Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Tesch
- Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149Münster Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hauffman G, Maguin Q, Bourgeois JP, Vlad A, Gohy JF. Micellar Cathodes from Self-Assembled Nitroxide-Containing Block Copolymers in Battery Electrolytes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 35:228-233. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Hauffman
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; Place L. Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium
| | - Quentin Maguin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; Place L. Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourgeois
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; Place L. Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Information and Communication Technologies; Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM); Université catholique de Louvain; Place de Levant, 3 1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA); Université catholique de Louvain; Place L. Pasteur, 1 1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Behrends F, Wagner H, Studer A, Niehaus O, Pöttgen R, Eckert H. Polynitroxides from Alkoxyamine Monomers: Structural and Kinetic Investigations by Solid State NMR. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400351q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Behrends
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße
30, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Hendrik Wagner
- Organic Chemistry Institute, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organic Chemistry Institute, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Oliver Niehaus
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical
Chemistry, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße
30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical
Chemistry, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße
30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße
30, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Oyaizu K, Nishide H. Macromolecular Complexes Leading to High-Performance Energy Devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
22
|
Lee BF, Wolffs M, Delaney KT, Sprafke JK, Leibfarth FA, Hawker CJ, Lynd NA. Reactivity ratios, and mechanistic insight for anionic ring-opening copolymerization of epoxides. Macromolecules 2012; 45:3722-3731. [PMID: 23226879 PMCID: PMC3514019 DOI: 10.1021/ma300634d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactivity ratios were evaluated for anionic ring-opening copolymerizations of ethylene oxide (EO) with either allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or ethylene glycol vinyl glycidyl ether (EGVGE) using a benzyl alkoxide initiator. The chemical shift for the benzylic protons of the initiator, as measured by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, were observed to be sensitive to the sequence of the first two monomers added to the initiator during polymer growth. Using a simple kinetic model for initiation and the first propagation step, reactivity ratios for the copolymerization of AGE and EGVGE with EO could be determined by analysis of the (1)H NMR spectroscopy for the resulting copolymer. For the copolymerization between EO and AGE, the reactivity ratios were determined to be r(AGE) = 1.31 ± 0.26 and r(EO) = 0.54 ± 0.03, while for EO and EGVGE, the reactivity ratios were r(EGVGE) = 3.50 ± 0.90 and r(EO) = 0.32 ± 0.10. These ratios were consistent with the compositional drift observed in the copolymerization between EO and EGVGE, with EGVGE being consumed early in the copolymerization. These experimental results, combined with density functional calculations, allowed a mechanism for oxyanionic ring-opening polymerization that begins with coordination of the Lewis-basic epoxide to the cation to be proposed. The calculated transition-state energies agree qualitatively with the observed relative rates for polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bongjae F Lee
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara ; Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara ; Chemical Research Institute, Samsung Cheil Industries Inc., Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Janoschka T, Teichler A, Krieg A, Hager MD, Schubert US. Polymerization of free secondary amine bearing monomers by RAFT polymerization and other controlled radical techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
24
|
Lee BF, Kade MJ, Chute JA, Gupta N, Campos LM, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Lynd NA, Hawker CJ. Poly(allyl glycidyl ether)-A versatile and functional polyether platform. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART A, POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2011; 49:4498-4504. [PMID: 21966093 PMCID: PMC3181110 DOI: 10.1002/pola.24891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Allyl glycidyl ether, polymerized from potassium alkoxide/naphthalenide initiators under both neat and solution conditions was shown to be a highly-controlled process. In both cases, molar masses (10-100 kg/mol) were determined by the reaction stoichiometry, and low polydispersity indices (1.05-1.33) could be obtained with a full understanding of the dominant side reaction, isomerization of the allyl side chain, being developed. The degree of isomerization of allyl to cis-prop-1-enyl ether groups (0 - 10 % mol.) was not correlated to the molar mass or polydispersity of the polymer but was dictated by the polymerization temperature. This allows the extent of isomerization to be reduced to essentially zero under either melt or solution conditions at polymerization temperatures of less than 40 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bongjae F Lee
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Oyaizu K, Choi W, Nishide H. Functionalization of poly(4-chloromethylstyrene) with anthraquinone pendants for organic anode-active materials. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
26
|
Handké N, Trimaille T, Luciani E, Rollet M, Delair T, Verrier B, Bertin D, Gigmes D. Elaboration of densely functionalized polylactide nanoparticles from N
-acryloxysuccinimide-based block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|