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Transition Metal-(μ-Cl)-Aluminum Bonding in α-Olefin and Diene Chemistry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217164. [PMID: 36363991 PMCID: PMC9654437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Olefin and diene transformations, catalyzed by organoaluminum-activated metal complexes, are widely used in synthetic organic chemistry and form the basis of major petrochemical processes. However, the role of M−(μ-Cl)−Al bonding, being proven for certain >C=C< functionalization reactions, remains unclear and debated for essentially more important industrial processes such as oligomerization and polymerization of α-olefins and conjugated dienes. Numerous publications indirectly point at the significance of M−(μ-Cl)−Al bonding in Ziegler−Natta and related transformations, but only a few studies contain experimental or at least theoretical evidence of the involvement of M−(μ-Cl)−Al species into catalytic cycles. In the present review, we have compiled data on the formation of M−(μ-Cl)−Al complexes (M = Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Ni), their molecular structure, and reactivity towards olefins and dienes. The possible role of similar complexes in the functionalization, oligomerization and polymerization of α-olefins and dienes is discussed in the present review through the prism of the further development of Ziegler−Natta processes and beyond.
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Wu R, Niu Z, Huang L, Yang Y, Xia Z, Fan W, Dai Q, Cui L, He J, Bai C. Thermally stable vanadium complexes supported by the iminophenyl oxazolinylphenylamine ligands: synthesis, characterization and application for ethylene (co-)polymerization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16067-16075. [PMID: 34633403 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a series of oxovanadium complexes bearing the ligands (S,E)-(+)-2, 6-dialkyl-N-(2-((2-(4-isopropyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole-2-yl)phenyl)amino)benzylidene)aniline (dialkyl = dimethyl (V1), diethyl (V2), and isopropyl (V3)) have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Moreover, the molecular structures of complexes V2 and V3 were defined by X-ray diffraction. On activation with ethylaluminium sesquichloride (Al2Et3Cl3), these complexes exhibited high activity towards ethylene polymerization (up to 1.39 × 107 g molv-1 h-1) and showed excellent thermal stability (up to 60 °C). The obtained polyethylene had a moderate molecular weight (21.9 × 104 to 66.4 × 104 g mol-1) and exhibited narrow distribution (1.91 to 2.86) and unimodal features. The effect of the substituents on the ligands was also investigated in detail. The compound bearing the diisopropyl group showed the highest activity toward ethylene polymerization as the bimolecular deactivation of the catalyst can be effectively inhibited by the steric hindrance of the ortho-substituent on aniline. The complex V2 with moderate steric hindrance was also evaluated as a catalyst for the copolymerization of ethylene with norbornene and showed moderate to high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyao Wu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Niu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingyun Huang
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yinxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weifeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Quanquan Dai
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Long Cui
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Jianyun He
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Chenxi Bai
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Qian J, Comito RJ. A Robust Vanadium(V) Tris(2-pyridyl)borate Catalyst for Long-Lived High-Temperature Ethylene Polymerization. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Robert J. Comito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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Liu B, Tian Z, Zhao N, Liu Z, Liu B. Peculiarities of Ethylene Polymerization Kinetics with an Imido-Vanadium/Silyl-Chromate Bimetallic Catalyst: Effect of Polymerization Conditions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Tian
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes,
Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boping Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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Ma Z, Yang W, Sun WH. Recent Progress on Transition Metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Ti and V) Complex Catalysts in Olefin Polymerization with High Thermal Stability. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wenhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
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Richards DD, Ang MTC, McDonald R, Bierenstiel M. Structure and spectroscopic properties of N,S-coordinating 2-methyl-sulfanyl-N-[(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl-idene]aniline methanol monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1136-9. [PMID: 26594390 PMCID: PMC4647435 DOI: 10.1107/s205698901501590x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)aniline in refluxing methanol gave an olive-green residue in which yellow crystals of the title compound, C12H12N2S·CH3OH, were grown from slow evaporation of methanol at 263 K. In the crystal, hydrogen-bonding inter-actions link the aniline mol-ecule and a nearby methanol solvent mol-ecule. These units are linked by a pair of weak C-H⋯Omethanol interactions, forming inversion dimers consisting of two main molecules and two solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Douglas Richards
- Department of Chemistry, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - M. Trisha C. Ang
- Department of Chemistry, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
- University of Alberta, X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Matthias Bierenstiel
- Department of Chemistry, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
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Lu LP, Wang JB, Liu JY, Li YS. Synthesis, structural characterization, and ethylene polymerization behavior of (arylimido)vanadium(V) complexes bearing tridentate Schiff base ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Pan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Jia-Bao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Jing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Yue-Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
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Zhang SW, Lu LP, Long YY, Li YS. Ethylene polymerization and ethylene/hexene copolymerization by vanadium(III) complexes bearing bidentate phenoxy-phosphine oxide ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Wang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Ling-Pan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Ying-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Yue-Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
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