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Zarour A, Omar S, Abu-Reziq R. Preparation of Poly(ethylene glycol)@Polyurea Microcapsules Using Oil/Oil Emulsions and Their Application as Microreactors. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152566. [PMID: 34372169 PMCID: PMC8348332 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development process of catalytic core/shell microreactors, possessing a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) core and a polyurea (PU) shell, by implementing an emulsion-templated non-aqueous encapsulation method, is presented. The microreactors' fabrication process begins with an emulsification process utilizing an oil-in-oil (o/o) emulsion of PEG-in-heptane, stabilized by a polymeric surfactant. Next, a reaction between a poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and a toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) takes place at the boundary of the emulsion droplets, resulting in the creation of a PU shell through an interfacial polymerization (IFP) process. The microreactors were loaded with palladium nanoparticles (NPs) and were utilized for the hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes. Importantly, it was found that PEG has a positive effect on the catalytic performance of the developed microreactors. Interestingly, besides being an efficient green reaction medium, PEG plays two crucial roles: first, it reduces the palladium ions to palladium NPs; thus, it avoids the unnecessary use of additional reducing agents. Second, it stabilizes the palladium NPs and prevents their aggregation, allowing the formation of highly reactive palladium NPs. Strikingly, in one sense, the suggested system affords highly reactive semi-homogeneous catalysis, whereas in another sense, it enables the facile, rapid, and inexpensive recovery of the catalytic microreactor by simple centrifugation. The durable microreactors exhibit excellent activity and were recycled nine times without any loss in their reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raed Abu-Reziq
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6586097; Fax: +972-2-6585469
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2
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Cao H, Zhang DX, Liu S, Luo J, Jing T, Pan S, Liu F, Li B, Mu W. Achieving Win-Win Ecotoxicological Safety and Fungicidal Activity of Pyraclostrobin-Loaded Polyurea Microcapsules by Selecting Proper Polyamines. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2099-2107. [PMID: 33555871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The fungicide pyraclostrobin is highly toxic to aquatic organisms. Microencapsulation is an effective way to reduce the exposure of pyraclostrobin to aquatic organisms but it also reduces the contact probability between the fungicide and plant pathogens. Hence, winning a balance between the toxicity and bioactivity of pyraclostrobin is very necessary. In this study, triethylenetetramine (TETA), ethylenediamine (EDA), hexamethylenediamine (HAD), and isophoronediamine (IPDA) were selected as cross-linkers to prepare the pyraclostrobin-loaded polyurea microcapsules (PU-MCs) by interfacial polymerization. TETA formed the shells with the highest degree of cross-linking, the slowest release profile, and the best protection against ultraviolet (UV). In terms of MCs fabricated by diamines, higher leaking, weaker UV resistance of the shells was observed with increasing carbon skeleton. TETA-MCs showed the highest safety to zebrafish (LC50 of 10.086 mg/L), whereas EDA-MCs, HAD-MCs, and IPDA-MCs were 5.342, 3.967, and 0.767 mg/L, respectively. TETA-MCs had the best long-term disease management, while the control efficacies of other MCs were higher at the early stage of disease development. Overall, a balance between the aquatic toxicities and fungicidal activities of pyraclostrobin-loaded PU-MCs could be reached through a simple selection of polyamines in the fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Da-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Shanggang Liu
- Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Tongfang Jing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Shouhe Pan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Beixing Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
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3
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A Multi-Scale Approach to Microencapsulation by Interfacial Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040644. [PMID: 33671501 PMCID: PMC7926481 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work applies a multi-scale approach to the microencapsulation by interfacial polymerization. Such microencapsulation is used to produce fertilizers, pesticides and drugs. In this study, variations at three different scales (molecular, microscopic and macroscopic) of product design (i.e., product variables, process variables and properties) are considered simultaneously. We quantify the effect of the formulation, composition and pH change on the microcapsules’ properties. Additionally, the method of measuring the strength of the microcapsules by crushing a sample of microcapsules’ suspension was tested. Results show that the xylene release rate in the microcapsules decreases when the amine functionality is greater due to a stronger crosslinking. Such degree of crosslinking increases the compression force over the microcapsules and improves their appearance. When high levels of amine concentration are used, the initial pH values in the reaction are also high which leads to agglomeration. This study provides a possible explanation to the aggregation based on the kinetic and thermodynamic controls in reactions and shows that the pH measurements account for the polyurea reaction and carbamate formation, which is a reason why this is not a suitable method to study kinetics of polymerization. Finally, the method used to measure the compressive strength of the microcapsules detected differences in formulations and composition with low sensibility.
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4
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Thorne MF, Simkovic F, Slater AG. Production of monodisperse polyurea microcapsules using microfluidics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17983. [PMID: 31784621 PMCID: PMC6884639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to make microcapsules - used in a broad range of healthcare and energy applications - currently suffer from poor size control, limiting the establishment of size/property relationships. Here, we use microfluidics to produce monodisperse polyurea microcapsules (PUMC) with a limonene core. Using varied flow rates and a commercial glass chip, we produce capsules with mean diameters of 27, 30, 32, 34, and 35 µm, achieving narrow capsule size distributions of ±2 µm for each size. We describe an automated method of sizing droplets as they are produced using video recording and custom Python code. The sustainable generation of such size-controlled PUMCs, potential replacements for commercial encapsulated systems, will allow new insights into the effect of particle size on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Thorne
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Felix Simkovic
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anna G Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
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Vázquez-Mera NA, Otaegui JR, Sánchez RS, Prats G, Guirado G, Ruiz-Molina D, Roscini C, Hernando J. Color-Tunable White-Light-Emitting Materials Based on Liquid-Filled Capsules and Thermally Responsive Dyes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17751-17758. [PMID: 30964641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Color-tunable white-light-emitting materials are currently attracting much attention because of their potential applications in artificial lighting, sensing, and imaging. However, preparation of these systems from organic emitters is often cumbersome due to the interchromophoric interactions occurring upon solvent drying in the final solid materials, which can be hardly predicted and may lead to detrimental effects. To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed a new fabrication methodology that relies on dye encapsulation within liquid-filled capsules, thus enabling direct transfer of the luminescent properties from solution to the solid state and as such, rational design of miniaturized white-light-emitting materials. By introducing a thermally responsive chromophore into the capsules, these materials are further endowed with color tunability, which does not only allow ample modulation of the emitted color but also facilitate external fine control of the system so as to ensure precise realization of white light at the desired temperature and excitation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Alexandra Vázquez-Mera
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jaume R Otaegui
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rafael S Sánchez
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Gemma Prats
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Daniel Ruiz-Molina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Claudio Roscini
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
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6
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Pedaballi S, Li CC, Song YJ. Dispersion of microcapsules for the improved thermochromic performance of smart coatings. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24175-24183. [PMID: 35527896 PMCID: PMC9069634 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04740a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient dispersant that can well disperse and enhance the physical performance of thermochromic microcapsules is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sireesha Pedaballi
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Li
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jun Song
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
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7
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Isophorone Diisocyanate (IPDI) Microencapsulation for Mono-Component Adhesives: Effect of the Active H and NCO Sources. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10080825. [PMID: 30960750 PMCID: PMC6403942 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurea/polyurethane (PUa/PU) shell microcapsules (MCs), containing high loadings of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) in the core, were developed to enable the production of mono-component, eco-friendly and safer adhesive formulations for the footwear industry. IPDI microencapsulation was obtained via oil⁻in⁻water (O/W) microemulsion combined with interfacial polymerization. A methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) compound (a commercial blend of monomeric and polymeric species), with higher reactivity than IPDI and low viscosity, was added to the O phase to competitively contribute to the shell formation, improving its quality. Four different active H sources were tested, aimed at achieving a high encapsulation yield. The successful encapsulation of IPDI was confirmed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while the MCs' morphology and size distribution were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of a multifunctional isocyanate silane in the O phase, as "latent" active H source, led to the formation of impermeable PUa/PU-silica hybrid shell MCs with more than 60 wt.% of pure encapsulated IPDI. A proof-of-concept study shows high peeling strength and a structural type of failure of the adhesive joint, revealing an effective IPDI release. These new engineered MCs are found to be promising crosslinkers for mono-component adhesives for high demanding applications.
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8
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Fan C, Guo M, Liang Y, Dong H, Ding G, Zhang W, Tang G, Yang J, Kong D, Cao Y. Pectin-conjugated silica microcapsules as dual-responsive carriers for increasing the stability and antimicrobial efficacy of kasugamycin. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 172:322-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Cox LM, Sun X, Wang C, Sowan N, Killgore JP, Long R, Wu HA, Bowman CN, Ding Y. Light-Stimulated Permanent Shape Reconfiguration in Cross-Linked Polymer Microparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14422-14428. [PMID: 28387497 PMCID: PMC5575857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Reconfiguring the permanent shape of elastomeric microparticles has been impossible due to the incapability of plastic deformation in these materials. To address this limitation, we synthesize the first instance of microparticles comprising a covalent adaptable network (CAN). CANs are cross-linked polymer networks capable of reconfiguring their network topology, enabling stress relaxation and shape changing behaviors, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) is the corresponding dynamic chemistry used in this work to enable CAN-based microparticles. Using nanoimprint lithography to apply controllable deformations we demonstrate that upon light stimulation microparticles are able to reconfigure their shape to permanently fix large aspect ratios and nanoscale surface topographies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Michael Cox
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Corresponding Authors:,
| | - Xiaohao Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
| | - Nancy Sowan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
| | - Jason P. Killgore
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Rong Long
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - Heng-An Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
| | - Yifu Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596, United States
- Corresponding Authors:,
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10
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Ichiura H, Yamamoto KI, Ohtani Y. Polyurea films prepared by interfacial polymerization on a paper surface: sustained release of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Li J, Hughes AD, Kalantar TH, Drake IJ, Tucker CJ, Moore JS. Pickering-Emulsion-Templated Encapsulation of a Hydrophilic Amine and Its Enhanced Stability Using Poly(allyl amine). ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:976-980. [PMID: 35610803 DOI: 10.1021/mz500455j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficient encapsulation of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), as an example aliphatic amine, was achieved by an emulsion-templated, in situ polymerization. Hydrophobically modified clay nanoplatelets were employed as emulsifiers to obtain water-in-oil (W/O) dispersions followed by interfacial polymerization between a portion of the TEPA cargo and polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate (PMPPI). The resultant capsules exhibit spherical shape, desirable thermal stability, modest barrier properties, and shear-induced release in an epoxide monomer mixture. Most importantly, a significant gain in capsule barrier properties was realized by introducing poly(allyl amine) (pAAm) as an interface-selective reactive additive in the Pickering emulsions. In addition to the fundamental interest of pAAm localization and interface-selective reactivity, this microencapsulation system for aliphatic amines has technological potential in coating, self-healing, and drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry and the
Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrew D. Hughes
- Department
of Core − Formulations Science, The Dow Chemical Company, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Tom H. Kalantar
- Department of Core − Formulations
Science, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Ian J. Drake
- Department
of Core − Formulations Science, The Dow Chemical Company, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Chris J. Tucker
- Department of Core − Formulations
Science, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and the
Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Hedaoo RK, Tatiya PD, Mahulikar PP, Gite VV. Fabrication of dendritic 0 G PAMAM-based novel polyurea microcapsules for encapsulation of herbicide and release rate from polymer shell in different environment. Des Monomers Polym 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2013.840474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K. Hedaoo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pyus D. Tatiya
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pramod P. Mahulikar
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikas V. Gite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425 001, Maharashtra, India
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He S, Zhang W, Li D, Li P, Zhu Y, Ao M, Li J, Cao Y. Preparation and characterization of double-shelled avermectin microcapsules based on copolymer matrix of silica–glutaraldehyde–chitosan. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1270-1278. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00234e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Dispinar T, Colard CAL, Du Prez FE. Polyurea microcapsules with a photocleavable shell: UV-triggered release. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20735d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Breul AM, Hager MD, Schubert US. Fluorescent monomers as building blocks for dye labeled polymers: synthesis and application in energy conversion, biolabeling and sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5366-407. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Bounds CO, Goetter R, Pojman JA, Vandersall M. Preparation and application of microparticles prepared via the primary amine-catalyzed michael addition of a trithiol to a triacrylate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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