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Hadis MA, Shortall AC, Palin WM. The power of light - From dental materials processing to diagnostics and therapeutics. Biomater Investig Dent 2024; 11:40308. [PMID: 38645925 PMCID: PMC11022655 DOI: 10.2340/biid.v11.40308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Harnessing the power of light and its photonic energy is a powerful tool in biomedical applications. Its use ranges from biomaterials processing and fabrication of polymers to diagnostics and therapeutics. Dental light curable materials have evolved over several decades and now offer very fast (≤ 10 s) and reliable polymerization through depth (4-6 mm thick). This has been achieved by developments on two fronts: (1) chemistries with more efficient light absorption characteristics (camphorquinone [CQ], ~30 L mol-1 cm1 [ʎmax 470 nm]; monoacylphosphine oxides [MAPO], ~800 L mol-1 cm-1 [ʎmax 385 nm]; bisacylphosphine oxide [BAPO], ~1,000 L mol-1 cm-1 [ʎmax 385 nm]) as well mechanistically efficient and prolonged radical generation processes during and after light irradiation, and; (2) introducing light curing technologies (light emitting diodes [LEDs] and less common lasers) with higher powers (≤ 2 W), better spectral range using multiple diodes (short: 390-405 nm; intermediate: 410-450 nm; and long: 450-480 nm), and better spatial power distribution (i.e. homogenous irradiance). However, adequate cure of materials falls short for several reasons, including improper selection of materials and lights, limitations in the chemistry of the materials, and limitations in delivering light through depth. Photonic energy has further applications in dentistry which include transillumination for diagnostics, and therapeutic applications that include photodynamic therapy, photobiomodulation, and photodisinfection. Light interactions with materials and biological tissues are complex and it is important to understand the advantages and limitations of these interactions for successful treatment outcomes. This article highlights the advent of photonic technologies in dentistry, its applications, the advantages and limitations, and possible future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Hadis
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian C Shortall
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - William M Palin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Grob B, Simonis M, Liska R, Catel Y. Ethyl-2-(tosylmethyl)acrylate: A promising chain transfer agent for the development of low-shrinkage dental composites. Dent Mater 2023; 39:1013-1021. [PMID: 37734972 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of ethyl-2-(tosylmethyl)acrylate (ASEE) as chain transfer agent for the development of low-shrinkage photopolymerizable dental composites. METHODS Composites containing 10, 20 and 30 mol% of ASEE in their organic matrix were formulated. Camphorquinone (CQ)/ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (EDAB) (0.33 wt%/0.60 wt%), CQ/EDAB/Ivocerin® (0.33 wt%/0.60 wt%/0.10, 0.25 or 0.50 wt%), CQ/EDAB/SpeedCure 938 (SC-938) (0.33 wt%/0.60 wt%/0.30, 0.50 or 1.00 wt%) and Ivocerin® (0.50 wt%) were used as photoinitiator systems. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and the crosslink density were determined by DMTA measurements. The flexural strength/modulus and ambient light working time were assessed according to ISO 4049. The shrinkage force was evaluated using a universal testing machine. The double bond conversion (DBC) was determined by NIR spectroscopy. DBC, flexural strength and modulus were measured after the storage of the specimens in deionized water at 37 °C for 24 h. The DBC, flexural strength and modulus data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with p = 0.05 as significance level. RESULTS ASEE-based composites containing the classical initiator system CQ/EDAB exhibited low mechanical properties (flexural strength/modulus) and DBC. The screening of various photoinitiator systems showed that composites based on CQ/EDAB/Ivocerin® (0.33 wt%/0.60 wt%/0.50 wt%), Ivocerin® (0.50 wt%) or CQ/EDAB/SC-938 (0.33 wt%/0.60 wt%/1.00 wt%) were particularly attractive. Indeed, the use of these photoinitiator systems enabled the formulation of composites containing up to 30 mol% ASEE exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, high DBC, good network homogeneity and low shrinkage force values. Interestingly, the addition of SC-938 did not impair the ambient light working time of the uncured composites, whereas the incorporation of 0.50 wt% Ivocerin® resulted in a strong decrease of this value. SIGNIFICANCE The addition of the allyl sulfone ASEE in combination with the initiator system CQ/EDAB/SC-938 (0.33 wt%/ 0.60 wt%/ 1.00 wt%) is a promising strategy to develop low-shrinkage dental composites which exhibit excellent mechanical properties, low shrinkage force, high DBC and suitable ambient light working time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Grob
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Michael Simonis
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yohann Catel
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein.
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Fernandes Neto C, Narimatsu MH, Magão PH, da Costa RM, Pfeifer CS, Furuse AY. Physical-chemical characterization and bond strength to zirconia of dental adhesives with different monomer mixtures and photoinitiator systems light-activated with poly and monowave devices. Biomater Investig Dent 2022; 9:20-32. [PMID: 35528027 PMCID: PMC9067976 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2022.2064289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bonding to crystalline zirconia is currently a challenge. Properly cured adhesives are crucial to optimize this bond, and that in turn is influenced by the initial mobility of the system, as well as by the reactivity of the initiators. Aim: This study aimed to characterize adhesives containing monomer mixtures of different viscosities and double and triple photoinitiator systems; and to evaluate the bonding to Y-TZP zirconia, when adhesives were light-activated with monowave or polywave light-curing units (LCU). Materials and methods: Adhesives were formulated at a 1:1 weight proportion of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA or Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA. To these mixtures 0.5 wt% of CQ, 0.5–1.0 wt% of DABE, 0.5–1.0 wt% of DPIHP, or 0.5–1.0 wt% of TAS-Sb were added and used as photoinitiator systems. A total of ten adhesives were prepared. Resin composite cylinders were cemented on zirconia slices and 6000 thermal cycles were performed. Degree of conversion (DC), sorption (SO) and solubility (SL) after 7 days of water storage, and microshear bond strength (µSBS) were evaluated. Data were analyzed with three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD (α = 0.05). Results: Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA combined with either CQ/DABE or CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb presented the highest DC, and no significant differences were observed for LCUs (p = .298). CQ/DABE < CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb ≈ CQ/DABE/DPIHP and the polywave LCU showed smaller overall SO (p < .05). Bis-GMA/TEGDMA with CQ/DABE cured with the polywave LCU presented the lowest SO. SL varied as follows: CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb < CQ/DABE/DPIHP < CQ/DABE (p < .001). For µSBS, only the factor photoinitiator system was significant (p = .045). All mean values were above 30 MPa, with higher values being observed for BIS-GMA/TEGDMA and CQ/DABE. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the adhesive containing CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb as coinitiator of Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA mixtures produced a material with higher DC and lower SL, while bond strength values were similar to the ones obtained by CQ/DABE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantino Fernandes Neto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Mayara Hana Narimatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Magão
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Mendonça da Costa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Pfeifer
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Adilson Yoshio Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Pietrzak M, Jędrzejewska B. Aromatic Amines in Organic Synthesis. Part II. p-Aminocinnamaldehydes. Molecules 2021; 26:4360. [PMID: 34299633 PMCID: PMC8306840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten derivatives of p-aminocinnamic aldehydes were prepared from the reaction of either aromatic amines with dimethylaminoacrolein or benzaldehydes with acetaldehyde. Their chemical structure and purity were verified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopic methods. We found that the synthesis applying dimethylaminoacrolein as the reagent gets better yields than the one based on the reaction with acetaldehyde. The yields of the cinnamic aldehydes varied according to the type of the amino group and the number and position of the substituents. The basic spectroscopic properties of the p-aminocinnamic aldehydes are also described since the compounds may be a precursor for the synthesis of dyes for diverse applications, e.g., in medicine and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pietrzak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Sciences and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Kobayashi K, Takamatsu H, Taniguchi T, Okamoto H, Karatsu T. Control of Radical Polymerization and Cationic Polymerization in Photocurable Resin for 3D Printers. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2021. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.34.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
| | - Hirohumi Takamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
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Peng X, Yao M, Xiao P. Newly Synthesized Chromophore‐linked Iodonium Salts as Photoinitiators of Free Radical Photopolymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Peng
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - M. Yao
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - P. Xiao
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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An initiating system with high efficiency for PEGDA photopolymerization at 532 nm. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Noirbent G, Dumur F. Photoinitiators of polymerization with reduced environmental impact: Nature as an unlimited and renewable source of dyes. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bim-Júnior O, Gaglieri C, Bedran-Russo AK, Bueno-Silva B, Bannach G, Frem R, Ximenes VF, Lisboa-Filho PN. MOF-Based Erodible System for On-Demand Release of Bioactive Flavonoid at the Polymer–Tissue Interface. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4539-4550. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odair Bim-Júnior
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Caroline Gaglieri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago 60612, United States
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UNG), Guarulhos 07023-080, Brazil
| | - Gilbert Bannach
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Regina Frem
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Valdecir Farias Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Paulo N. Lisboa-Filho
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
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Abedin F, Ye Q, Spencer P. Hydrophilic dyes as photosensitizers for photopolymerization of dental adhesives. J Dent 2020; 99:103405. [PMID: 32522687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored hydrophilic dyes as photosensitizers for application in dental adhesives. The goal was to identify dyes that enhance the degree of conversion (DC) of the hydrophilic-rich phase without impairing polymerization of the hydrophobic-rich phase. METHODS Properties that were investigated included the molar extinction coefficient at 480 nm, relative normalized photon absorption efficiency (PAE), rate of polymerization and degree of conversion (DC). The following hydrophilic dyes: Bromophenol blue sodium salt, Rosebengal sodium salt, Erythrosin B, New Fuchsin and Victoria blue B were identified as suitable photosensitizers. RESULTS In this study it was observed that dyes such as Bromophenol blue sodium salt, New Fuchsin, Victoria blue B and Rosebengal sodium salt were suitable candidates for dental adhesive photopolymerization, leading to substantial degree of conversion to both the hydrophilic-rich phase and the hydrophobic-rich phase. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the ability of the photosensitizer to absorb light in the visible range and transition to an excited state as a result of the absorbed energy, other factors such as the efficiency of the photosensitizer/light curing unit (LCU) combination, stability/efficiency of the excited state of the photosensitizer and/or initiating reactive species play an important role in the photopolymerization of the dental adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Abedin
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering Technology, California State Polytechnic University, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA, 91768, United States.
| | - Qiang Ye
- Institute of Bioengineering Research Laboratories, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15thStreet, Lawrence, KS, 66045, United States.
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Institute of Bioengineering Research Laboratories, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15thStreet, Lawrence, KS, 66045, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15thStreet, Lawrence, KS, 66045, United States.
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A blue to red light sensitive photoinitiating systems based on 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone derivatives for free radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lima AF, Salvador MVO, Dressano D, Saraceni CHC, Gonçalves LS, Hadis M, Palin WM. Increased rates of photopolymerisation by ternary type II photoinitiator systems in dental resins. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 98:71-78. [PMID: 31203099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of Type I and Type II photoinitiator systems on curing efficiency, degree of conversion (DC) and chemico-physical properties of resin based materials. A comonomer base containing 50%wt 2.2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (bis-GMA) and 50%wt triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was formulated with either 0.5 or 1mol% of Type II camphoroquinone (CQ), Type I monoacylphosphine oxide (MAPO) or bis-acylphosphine oxide (BAPO) photoinitiators. The Type II system was either a binary (1: 2 CQ:amine) or ternary system (1: 2 CQ:amine + 0.5 mol% DPI). Degree and rate of polymerization was measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Knoop micro-hardness prior to and following ethanol immersion was assessed. Flexural strength and modulus was measured under three-point bend test. Water sorption and solubility was also evaluated. The photoinitiator absorption spectra and the total absorbed energy per unit volume (Eabs) for 0.5mol% photoinitiator in each material was calculated. Despite the reduced total absorbed energy per unit volume for CQ based systems, ternary Type II system significantly improved curing efficiency (P < 0.05) compared to both Type I photoinitiators and degree of conversion compared to MAPO only, whilst exhibiting comparable mechanical and physical properties compared to both Type I based materials at equivalent molar concentrations of photoinitiator (P > 0.05). Ternary Type II systems is an efficient alternative to improve the polymerization of resin materials, promoting similar or even better properties than Type I initiators. DPI can increase the reactivity of CQ systems and promote polymerization rates superior than Type I photoinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Fonseca Lima
- Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Sao Paulo Brazil. Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212. CEP: 04026-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Diogo Dressano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil. Av Limeira, 901 Mail Box 52, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Cintia Helena Coury Saraceni
- Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Sao Paulo Brazil. Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212. CEP: 04026-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Souza Gonçalves
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul School of Dentistry, Av. Paulo Gama, 110 - Farroupilha, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Mohammed Hadis
- Biomaterials Unit, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK.
| | - William M Palin
- Biomaterials Unit, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK.
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Cuevas-Suárez CE, Meereis CTW, D'accorso N, Macchi R, Ancona-Meza AL, Zamarripa-Calderón E. Effect of radiant exposure and UV accelerated aging on physico-chemical and mechanical properties of composite resins. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180075. [PMID: 30624462 PMCID: PMC6322643 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no consensus in terms of defining the minimum radiant exposure values necessary for achieving adequate properties of composite resin. In addition, the long-term influence that radiant exposure has on the properties of composite resins is still questionable. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of radiant exposure and UV accelerated aging on the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of micro-hybrid and nanofilled composite resins. Material and Methods: A nanofilled (Filtek Supreme; 3M ESPE) and a micro-hybrid composite resin (Filtek Z250; 3M ESPE) were investigated under different radiant exposures (3.75, 9, and 24 J/cm2) and UV accelerated aging protocols (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 aging hours). The degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), modulus (M), water sorption (WS), and solubility (WL) were evaluated. The results obtained were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Comparisons were performed using a significance level of α=0.05. Results: The DC, FS, and M were found to be significantly influenced by both radiant exposure and accelerated aging time. The DC and EM increased with radiant exposure in the no-aging group (0-hour aging) for both micro-hybrid and nanofilled composites, whereas no correlation was found after accelerated aging protocols. WS and WL of micro-hybrid and nanofilled composite resins were scarcely affected by radiant exposure (p>0.05), whereas they were significantly reduced by accelerated aging (p<0.001). Conclusions: Although increasing radiant exposure affected the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of micro-hybrid and nanofilled composites, no influence on the hydrolytic degradation of the material was observed. In contrast, UV accelerated aging affected both the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Área Académica de Odontología, Pachuca de Soto, México
| | - Carine Tais Walter Meereis
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Norma D'accorso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Macchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Materiales Dentales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Leticia Ancona-Meza
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Área Académica de Odontología, Pachuca de Soto, México
| | - Eliezer Zamarripa-Calderón
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Área Académica de Odontología, Pachuca de Soto, México
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Kamoun EA, Abu-Saied M, Doma A, Menzel H, Chen X. Influence of degree of substitution and folic acid coinitiator on pullulan-HEMA hydrogel properties crosslinked under visible-light initiating system. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:1175-1185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Ye Q, Abedin F, Parthasarathy R, Spencer P. Photoinitiators in Dentistry: Challenges and Advances. PHOTOPOLYMERISATION INITIATING SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788013307-00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Photopolymerization is used in a wide range of clinical applications in dentistry and the demand for dental materials that can restore form, function and esthetics is increasing rapidly. Simultaneous with this demand is the growing need for photoinitiators that provide effective and efficient in situ polymerization of dental materials using visible light irradiation. This chapter reviews the fundamentals of Type I and II photoinitiators. The advantages and disadvantages of these photoinitiators will be considered with a particular focus on parameters that affect the polymerization process in the oral cavity. The chapter examines recent developments in photoinitiators and opportunities for future research in the design and development of photoinitiators for dental applications. Future research directions that employ computational models in conjunction with iterative synthesis and experimental methods will also be explored in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ye
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, School of Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Farhana Abedin
- Electromechanical Engineering Technology program, College of Engineering, California State Polytechnic University Pomona 3801 W. Temple Ave Pomona CA 91768 USA
| | - Ranganathan Parthasarathy
- Nanomaterials Research Lab, Tennessee State University 3500 John A Merritt Blvd Nashville TN 37209 USA
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, School of Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 W. 15th St Lawrence KS 66045 USA
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Llerena-Icochea AE, Costa RM, Borges AFS, Bombonatti JFS, Furuse AY. Bonding Polycrystalline Zirconia With 10-MDP–containing Adhesives. Oper Dent 2017; 42:335-341. [DOI: 10.2341/16-156-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of adhesives with different 10-MDP concentrations on the shear bond strength of a resin cement to zirconia.
Methods and Materials:
Six experimental adhesives were prepared with the following composition: camphorquinone, 1,2-diaminobenzene, butylhydroxytoluene, diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, bisphenol A diglycidyl methacrylate, and ethanol. The 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) monomer was added at 0wt%, 3wt%, 6wt%, 9wt%, 12wt%, or 15wt%. Three commercially available adhesives were evaluated: Single Bond Universal, Single Bond 2, and Signum Zirconia Bond. Resin cement cylinders made with RelyX Ultimate were bonded to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal with one of the evaluated adhesives and were subjected to the shear bond strength evaluation. Failure modes were analyzed with a stereoscopic loupe. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test (α=0.05). Pearson's was used to correlate the percentage of 10-MDP in the experimental adhesives and shear bond strength.
Results:
There were significant differences between adhesives (p<0.00001). The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with the Signum Zirconia Bond and Single Bond Universal. Single Bond 2 showed the lowest values. There were no differences between experimental adhesives. All groups showed adhesives failures. A nonlinear correlation was found between bond strength and percentage of 10-MDP in experimental adhesives (r=0.872).
Conclusions:
The commercially available adhesives indicated for bonding to zirconia showed the highest bonding values.
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Affiliation(s)
- AE Llerena-Icochea
- Alfredo E. Llerena-Icochea, DDS, MS. Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - RM Costa
- Reginaldo Mendonça da Costa, BCh, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - AFS Borges
- Ana Flávia S. Borges, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - JFS Bombonatti
- Juliana Fraga Soares Bombonatti, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - AY Furuse
- Adilson Y. Furuse, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Shi S, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Allonas X. Photoinitiating systems for cationic photopolymerization: Ongoing push toward long wavelengths and low light intensities. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Bouzrati-Zerelli M, Maier M, Fik CP, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Klee JE, Lalevée J. A low migration phosphine to overcome the oxygen inhibition in new high performance photoinitiating systems for photocurable dental type resins. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Bouzrati-Zerelli
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15 rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | | | | | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15 rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15 rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15 rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15 rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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19
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Computer-aided Molecular Design of Water Compatible Visible Light Photosensitizers for Dental Adhesive. Chem Eng Sci 2016; 159:131-139. [PMID: 29176909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental adhesive resin undergoes phase separation during its infiltration through the wet demineralized dentin and it has been observed previously that the hydrophilic-rich phase is a vulnerable region for failure due to the lack of photo-polymerization and crosslinking density. The lack of photo-polymerization is mostly due to the partitioning of photo-initiators in low concentrations within this phase. Here, a computational approach has been employed to design candidate water compatible visible light photosensitizers which could improve the photo-polymerization of the hydrophilic-rich phase. This study is an extension of our previous work. QSPRs were developed for properties related to the photo-polymerization reaction of the adhesive monomers and hydrophilicity of the photosensitizer using connectivity indices as descriptors. QSPRs and structural constraints were formulated into an optimization problem which was solved stochastically via Tabu Search. Four candidate photosensitizer molecules have been proposed here which have the iminium ion as a common feature.
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20
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Graff B, Klee JE, Fik C, Maier M, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Development of Novel Photoinitiators as Substitutes of Camphorquinone for the LED Induced Polymerization of Methacrylates: A Bis-Silyl Ketone. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | | | | | | | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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21
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Kamoun EA, Winkel A, Eisenburger M, Menzel H. Carboxylated camphorquinone as visible-light photoinitiator for biomedical application: Synthesis, characterization, and application. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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22
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A novel photoinitiating system producing germyl radicals for the polymerization of representative methacrylate resins: Camphorquinone/R3GeH/iodonium salt. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1226-1234. [PMID: 27567540 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study is to find an amine free photoinitiating system (PIS) for the polymerization of representative dental methacrylate resins. A photoinitiating system (PIS) based on camphorquinone (CQ)/triphenylgermanium hydride/diphenyl iodonium hexafluorophosphate is proposed and compared to the conventional CQ/amine couple. The polymerization monitoring of thin (∼20μm) and thick (1.4mm) samples of a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA)/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) blend (70%/30% w/w) and of a urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) upon exposure to a commercial blue LED centered at 477nm under air or in laminate is described. Finally, the impact of the photoinitiating system composition on the final polymer color is evaluated in detail. METHODS FTIR and DSC experiments are used to record the photopolymerization profiles. ESR spectrometry and steady state photolysis are used to detect the produced radicals. Color measurements are carried out to determine the key parameters in the bleaching of the different dental formulations. RESULTS The efficiency of the newly proposed PISs for the photopolymerization of BisGMA/TEGDMA and UDMA for thin (20μm) or for thick (1.4mm) samples upon exposure to a dental blue LED under air is excellent. It is noticeably higher than that of the CQ/amine reference couple. Excellent bleaching properties are also observed under irradiation in presence of the new PISs. A good correlation is found between the sample bleaching and the amount of Ph3GeH in the formulation. The excited state processes could be established. The overall chemical mechanisms for the initiation step were also clarified.
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23
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Comparison of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Resin Matrix with Two Photoinitiator Systems in Dental Adhesives. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8070250. [PMID: 30974526 PMCID: PMC6432356 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of resin matrices in dental adhesives with two photoinitiator systems. Resin matrix specimens were made with five different kinds of photoinitiators. Neat resin consisted of 60% 2,2-bis[4-2(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (Bis-GMA) and 40% hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) by weight, along with camphorquinone (CQ, 1 mol %) and additional components (1 mol % each) as follows: Group 1, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA); Group 2, ethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (EDMAB); Group 3, diphenyliodonium hexafluorphosphate (DPIHFP); Group 4, DMAEMA+DPIHFP; Group 5, EDMAB+DPIHFP. The degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength, flexural modulus, microhardness, and ultimate tensile strength were tested. The contribution of each photoinitiator to the DC in a selected group was analyzed with contour plots. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05) were used for statistical analyses. The DC of Groups 2, 4, and 5 was similar. The flexural strength was similar in all groups, but flexural modulus was significantly different. Group 3 had the lowest values for all physical and mechanical properties. Among all methods, the microhardness test revealed the greatest degree of difference among the five specimens. CQ, EDMAB, and DPIHFP were the most effective photoinitiators and CQ was the most influential factor for the DC rate.
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24
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Abedin F, Ye Q, Song L, Ge X, Camarda K, Spencer P. Effect of Partition of Photo-initiator Components and Addition of Iodonium Salt on the Photopolymerization of Phase-Separated Dental Adhesive. JOM (WARRENDALE, PA. : 1989) 2016; 68:1090-1099. [PMID: 27158215 PMCID: PMC4856225 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-016-1816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization kinetics of physically separated hydrophobic- and hydrophilic-rich phases of a model dental adhesive have been investigated. The two phases were prepared from neat resin containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (BisGMA) in the ratio of 45:55 (wt/wt). Neat resins containing various combinations of popular photo-initiating compounds, e.g., camphoquinone (CQ), ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (EDMAB), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIHP) were prepared. To obtain the two phases 33 wt% of deuterium oxide (D2O) was added to the neat resins. This amount of D2O exceeded the miscibility limit for the resins. The concentration of each component of the photo-initiating system in the two phases was quantified by HPLC. When combined with CQ, DMAEMA is less efficient as a co-initiator compared to EDMAB. The addition of DPIHP as the third component into either CQ/EDMAB or CQ/DMAEMA photo-initiating systems leads to comparable performance in both the hydrophobic- and hydrophilic-rich phases. The addition of the iodonium salt significantly improved the photopolymerization of the hydrophilic-rich phase; the hydrophilic-rich phase exhibited extremely poor polymerization when the iodonium salt was not included in the formulation. The partition concentration of EDMAB in the hydrophilic-rich phase was significantly lower than that of DMAEMA or DPIHP. This study indicates the need for a combination of hydrophobic/hydrophilic photosensitizer and addition of iodonium salt to improve polymerization within the hydrophilic-rich phase of the dental adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Abedin
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Bioengineering Graduate Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Qiang Ye
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Linyong Song
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Xueping Ge
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Kyle Camarda
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
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25
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Dadashi-Silab S, Doran S, Yagci Y. Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10212-75. [PMID: 26745441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions, particularly those involving photoinduced electron transfer processes, establish a substantial contribution to the modern synthetic chemistry, and the polymer community has been increasingly interested in exploiting and developing novel photochemical strategies. These reactions are efficiently utilized in almost every aspect of macromolecular architecture synthesis, involving initiation, control of the reaction kinetics and molecular structures, functionalization, and decoration, etc. Merging with polymerization techniques, photochemistry has opened up new intriguing and powerful avenues for macromolecular synthesis. Construction of various polymers with incredibly complex structures and specific control over the chain topology, as well as providing the opportunity to manipulate the reaction course through spatiotemporal control, are one of the unique abilities of such photochemical reactions. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of the fundamentals and applications of photoinduced electron transfer reactions in polymer synthesis. Besides traditional photopolymerization methods, namely free radical and cationic polymerizations, step-growth polymerizations involving electron transfer processes are included. In addition, controlled radical polymerization and "Click Chemistry" methods have significantly evolved over the last few decades allowing access to narrow molecular weight distributions, efficient regulation of the molecular weight and the monomer sequence and incredibly complex architectures, and polymer modifications and surface patterning are covered. Potential applications including synthesis of block and graft copolymers, polymer-metal nanocomposites, various hybrid materials and bioconjugates, and sequence defined polymers through photoinduced electron transfer reactions are also investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Dadashi-Silab
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sean Doran
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University , 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Ge X, Ye Q, Song L, Laurence JS, Misra A, Spencer P. Probing the dual function of a novel tertiary amine compound in dentin adhesive formulations. Dent Mater 2016; 32:519-28. [PMID: 26764171 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A novel tertiary amine compound containing three methacrylate-urethane groups was synthesized for application in dentin adhesives. The synthesis, photopolymerization kinetics, and leaching were examined in an earlier study using this novel compound as the co-initiator (0.5 and 1.75wt% based on the total resin mass). The objective of this work was to investigate the potential of TUMA (8-(2-(((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)carbamoyl)oxy)propyl)-6,10-dimethyl-4,12-dioxo-5,11-dioxa-3,8,13-triazapentadecane-1,15-diyl bis(2-methylacrylate)) to serve simultaneously as a co-initiator and co-monomer (15-45wt% based on the total resin mass) in dentin adhesive formulations. The polymerization kinetics, water sorption and dynamic mechanical properties of these novel formulations were determined. MATERIALS AND METHOD The monomer system contained Bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (BisGMA), 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and TUMA (synthesized in our lab) at the mass ratio of 45/(55-x)/x. Two photoinitiator (PI) systems were compared. One initiator system contains three components: camphorquinone (CQ), diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIHP) and ethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (EDMAB) and the second initiator system contains CQ and DPIHP. The control adhesive formulations are: C0-3: HEMA/BisGMA 45/55 (w/w) and 3-component PI and C0-2: HEMA/BisGMA 45/55 (w/w) and 2-component PI. These controls were used as a comparison to the experimental adhesive resins (Ex-3 or Ex-2), in which x represents the weight percentage of synthesized co-monomer (TUMA) to replace part of BisGMA. The control and experimental adhesive formulations were photo-polymerized and compared with regard to the degree of conversion (DC), polymerization rate (Rp), water sorption and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) under both dry and wet conditions. RESULTS C0-3 and Ex-3 formulations had similar DC, while the DC of Ex-2 formulation was higher than C0-2. The DC was similar when comparing the two- component with the three-component photoinitiator system when TUMA was used at the same concentration. DMA under dry conditions shows higher rubbery storage modulus for all experimental formulations, while storage modulus at rubbery region under wet conditions was decreased as compared with control (C0-3). There was no statistically significant difference for the DMA results under both dry and wet conditions when comparing two- and three-component initiator systems with the same TUMA concentration. SIGNIFICANCE The newly synthesized TUMA could serve simultaneously as a co-monomer and co-initiator in the absence of commercial co-initiator. This study provides information for the future development of new co-monomer/co-initiator for dentin adhesives and dental composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Ge
- Bioengineering Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Qiang Ye
- Bioengineering Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
| | - Linyong Song
- Bioengineering Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jennifer S Laurence
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66047-3729, USA
| | - Anil Misra
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Bioengineering Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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27
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Morlet-Savary F, Klee JE, Pfefferkorn F, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. The Camphorquinone/Amine and Camphorquinone/Amine/Phosphine Oxide Derivative Photoinitiating Systems: Overview, Mechanistic Approach, and Role of the Excitation Light Source. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361; UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse CEDEX France
| | | | | | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361; UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse CEDEX France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361; UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse CEDEX France
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28
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Aguirre-Soto A, Hwang AT, Glugla D, Wydra JW, McLeod RR, Bowman CN, Stansbury JW. Coupled UV–Vis/FT–NIR Spectroscopy for Kinetic Analysis of Multiple Reaction Steps in Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Aguirre-Soto
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Albert T. Hwang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - David Glugla
- Department
of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 425 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - James W. Wydra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Robert R. McLeod
- Department
of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 425 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Stansbury
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department
of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, 12800 East 19th Ave., Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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29
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Abedin F, Ye Q, Camarda K, Spencer P. Impact of light intensity on the polymerization kinetics and network structure of model hydrophobic and hydrophilic methacrylate based dental adhesive resin. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1666-1678. [PMID: 26340329 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The impact of light intensity on the degree of conversion (DC), rate of polymerization and network structure was investigated for hydrophobic and hydrophilic dental adhesive resins. Two and three component photoinitiating (PI) systems were used in this study. Low light intensities had a negative impact on the polymerization efficiency for the hydrophilic resin with 2 component PI system. Incorporation of iodonium salt in the hydrophilic resin significantly improved the polymerization efficiency of the HEMA/BisGMA system and led to a substantial DC, even at low light intensities. The results suggested that shorter polymer chains were formed in the presence of iodonium salt. It appears that there is little or no impact of light intensity on the polymer structure of the 2 component PI system. Light intensity has subtle impact on the polymer structure of the 3 component PI system. In the case of the hydrophobic resin, the polymer is so highly cross-linked that the presence of shorter chains for the 3 component PI system does not cause a decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg ) when compared to the 2 component PI system. For the hydrophilic resin, the presence of shorter polymer chains in the 3 component PI system reduces the Tg when compared with the corresponding 2 component PI system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1666-1678, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Abedin
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.,Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045
| | - Qiang Ye
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.
| | - Kyle Camarda
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Bioengineering Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045
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30
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Cook WD, Chen F. Enhanced visible radiation photopolymerization of dimethacrylates with the three component thioxanthone (CPTXO)–amine–iodonium salt system. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01561d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The three component thioxanthone/iodonium/amine visible light photoinitiator system is four times more efficient due to irreversible oxidation of the ketyl and the amine radicals by the iodonium salt and the regeneration of the thioxanthone and produce twice as many active radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne D. Cook
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Wellington Road
- Monash University
- Victoria 3800
- Australia
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Wellington Road
- Monash University
- Victoria 3800
- Australia
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31
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Dadashi-Silab S, Aydogan C, Yagci Y. Shining a light on an adaptable photoinitiator: advances in photopolymerizations initiated by thioxanthones. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the advancements and progress in photoinitiated polymerization techniques mediated by thioxanthone (TX) and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cansu Aydogan
- Department of Chemistry
- Istanbul Technical University
- Istanbul
- Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry
- Istanbul Technical University
- Istanbul
- Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry
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32
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Besse V, Le Pluart L, Cook WD, Pham TN, Madec PJ. Polymerization kinetics of phosphonic acids and esters using an iodonium initiator. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Besse
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038; ENSICAEN & Université de Caen; 14050 Caen France
| | - Loïc Le Pluart
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038; ENSICAEN & Université de Caen; 14050 Caen France
| | - Wayne D. Cook
- Department of Materials Engineering; Monash University; Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Thi-Nhàn Pham
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038; ENSICAEN & Université de Caen; 14050 Caen France
| | - Pierre-Jean Madec
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038; ENSICAEN & Université de Caen; 14050 Caen France
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Leprince JG, Palin WM, Hadis MA, Devaux J, Leloup G. Progress in dimethacrylate-based dental composite technology and curing efficiency. Dent Mater 2013. [PMID: 23199807 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian G Leprince
- School of Dentistry and Stomatology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Liu Y, Wang Y. Effect of proanthocyanidins and photo-initiators on photo-polymerization of a dental adhesive. J Dent 2013; 41:71-9. [PMID: 23079281 PMCID: PMC3570613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of proanthocyanidins (PA) and photoinitiator type on the degree of conversion (DC) and polymerization rate (PR) of a model dental adhesive. METHODS Three types of photo-initiation systems were introduced into the Bis-GMA/HEMA co-monomer mixture, resulting in four resin formulations including CQ/A (0.5wt% CQ and EDMAB), CQ/A/I-1 (0.5wt% CQ, EDMAB and DPIHP), CQ/A/I-2 (1.0wt% CQ, EDMAB and DPIHP), and TPO (2.1wt% TPO). For each resin formulation, adhesives containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% of PA with respect to the weight of resin were produced after mixing the resin with various amount of PA/ethanol solution. When light-cured, the RP and DC of each adhesive was determined using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. RESULTS Across and within the initiator groups, the DC followed the general trend of CQ/A2.5-PA>5-PA>10-PA, respectively. The change of PR with respect to photo-initiation systems and PA content was in a similar but less pronounced pattern. CONCLUSION PA hampered the polymerization of all adhesives regardless of photoinitiators used. The initiator formulations CQ/A/I-2 and TPO are better fit for PA-containing adhesives, both leading to >65% DC in the presence of 5% PA. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The inclusion of PA in dental adhesives has been limited by its interference with the light-curing of adhesive resins. This study found photo-initiation formulations that could maintain a satisfactory degree of monomer conversion while a significant amount of PA is incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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Moszner N, Hirt T. New polymer-chemical developments in clinical dental polymer materials: Enamel-dentin adhesives and restorative composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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