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Velencoso MM, Battig A, Markwart JC, Schartel B, Wurm FR. Molecular Firefighting-How Modern Phosphorus Chemistry Can Help Solve the Challenge of Flame Retardancy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10450-10467. [PMID: 29318752 PMCID: PMC6099334 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquity of polymeric materials in daily life comes with an increased fire risk, and sustained research into efficient flame retardants is key to ensuring the safety of the populace and material goods from accidental fires. Phosphorus, a versatile and effective element for use in flame retardants, has the potential to supersede the halogenated variants that are still widely used today: current formulations employ a variety of modes of action and methods of implementation, as additives or as reactants, to solve the task of developing flame-retarding polymeric materials. Phosphorus-based flame retardants can act in both the gas and condensed phase during a fire. This Review investigates how current phosphorus chemistry helps in reducing the flammability of polymers, and addresses the future of sustainable, efficient, and safe phosphorus-based flame-retardants from renewable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Velencoso
- Physical Chemistry of PolymersMax Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Alexander Battig
- Technical Properties of Polymeric MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany
| | - Jens C. Markwart
- Physical Chemistry of PolymersMax Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Graduate School Materials Science in MainzStaudinger Weg 955128MainzGermany
| | - Bernhard Schartel
- Technical Properties of Polymeric MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Physical Chemistry of PolymersMax Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
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Velencoso MM, Battig A, Markwart JC, Schartel B, Wurm FR. Molekulare Brandbekämpfung – wie moderne Phosphorchemie zur Lösung der Flammschutzaufgabe beitragen kann. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Velencoso
- Physikalische Chemie der PolymereMax-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Alexander Battig
- Technische Eigenschaften von PolymerwerkstoffenBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Jens C. Markwart
- Physikalische Chemie der PolymereMax-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Exzellenz-Graduiertenschule “Materials Science in Mainz” Staudinger Weg 9 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Bernhard Schartel
- Technische Eigenschaften von PolymerwerkstoffenBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Physikalische Chemie der PolymereMax-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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Unverferth M, Meier MAR. A Sustainable Tandem Catalysis Approach to Plant Oil‐Based Polyols via Schenck‐Ene Reaction and Epoxidation. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Unverferth
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz‐Haber Weg 676131 KarlsruheGermany
| | - Michael A. R. Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz‐Haber Weg 676131 KarlsruheGermany
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Jia P, Hu L, Zhang M, Feng G, Zhou Y. Phosphorus containing castor oil based derivatives: Potential non-migratory flame retardant plasticizer. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Llevot A, Dannecker PK, von Czapiewski M, Over LC, Söyler Z, Meier MAR. Renewability is not Enough: Recent Advances in the Sustainable Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Monomers and Polymers. Chemistry 2016; 22:11510-21. [PMID: 27355829 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the structural diversity of different biomass resources, recent efforts were directed towards the synthesis of renewable monomers and polymers, either for the substitution of petroleum-based resources or for the design of novel polymers. Not only the use of biomass, but also the development of sustainable chemical approaches is a crucial aspect for the production of sustainable materials. This review discusses the recent examples of chemical modifications and polymerizations of abundant biomass resources with a clear focus on the sustainability of the described processes. Topics such as synthetic methodology, catalysis, and development of new solvent systems or greener alternative reagents are addressed. The chemistry of vegetable oil derivatives, terpenes, lignin, carbohydrates, and sugar-based platform chemicals was selected to highlight the trends in the active field of a sustainable use of renewable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Llevot
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Patrick-Kurt Dannecker
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marc von Czapiewski
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lena C Over
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Zafer Söyler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Building 30.42, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Ménard R, Negrell C, Fache M, Ferry L, Sonnier R, David G. From a bio-based phosphorus-containing epoxy monomer to fully bio-based flame-retardant thermosets. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12859e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, phloroglucinol was used as a renewable resource to prepare an epoxy monomer and phosphorus containing reactive flame retardant (FR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Ménard
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Claire Negrell
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Maxence Fache
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Laurent Ferry
- Ecole des Mines d'Alès
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès – Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés
- 30319 Alès Cedex
- France
| | - Rodolphe Sonnier
- Ecole des Mines d'Alès
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès – Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés
- 30319 Alès Cedex
- France
| | - Ghislain David
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5
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Jia P, Zhang M, Hu L, Liu C, Feng G, Yang X, Bo C, Zhou Y. Development of a vegetable oil based plasticizer for preparing flame retardant poly(vinyl chloride) materials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10509a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method was developed to prepare a castor oil based flame retardant plasticizer containing phosphaphenanthrene groups (PCOPE) for the preparation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
- Institute of New Technology of Forestry
| | - Lihong Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
- Institute of New Technology of Forestry
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
- Institute of New Technology of Forestry
| | - Guodong Feng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
| | - Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF)
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R. China
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Illy N, Fache M, Ménard R, Negrell C, Caillol S, David G. Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00812c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present both fundamental and applied research on the phosphorylation of renewable resources, through reactions on naturally occurring functions, and their use in biobased polymer chemistry and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Illy
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- UMR 8232
- IPCM
- Paris
| | - Maxence Fache
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5353 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier, CEDEX 5
- France
| | - Raphaël Ménard
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5353 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier, CEDEX 5
- France
| | - Claire Negrell
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5353 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier, CEDEX 5
- France
| | - Sylvain Caillol
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5353 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier, CEDEX 5
- France
| | - Ghislain David
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5353 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34296 Montpellier, CEDEX 5
- France
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Kasetaite S, Ostrauskaite J, Grazuleviciene V, Svediene J, Bridziuviene D. Camelina oil- and linseed oil-based polymers with bisphosphonate crosslinks. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Kasetaite
- Department of Organic Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Jolita Ostrauskaite
- Department of Organic Technology; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 LT-50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Violeta Grazuleviciene
- Department of Chemistry; Aleksandras Stulginskis University; Studentu g. 11, LT-53361 Akademija Kauno r. Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Svediene
- Biodeterioration Research Laboratory; Nature Research Center; Akademijos g. 2 LT-08412 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Danguole Bridziuviene
- Biodeterioration Research Laboratory; Nature Research Center; Akademijos g. 2 LT-08412 Vilnius Lithuania
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Hemp ST, Zhang M, Allen MH, Cheng S, Moore RB, Long TE. Comparing Ammonium and Phosphonium Polymerized Ionic Liquids: Thermal Analysis, Conductivity, and Morphology. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean T. Hemp
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
| | - Mingqiang Zhang
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
| | - Michael H. Allen
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
| | - Shijing Cheng
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
| | - Robert B. Moore
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA; 24061; USA
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Moreno M, Lligadas G, Ronda JC, Galià M, Cádiz V. Flame retardant high oleic sunflower oil-based thermosetting resins through aza- and phospha-michael additions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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