1
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Nguyen H, Lima RLS, Neto NMB, Araujo PT. What is the significance of the chloroform stabilizer C 5H 10 and its association with MeOH in concentration-dependent polymeric solutions? SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123886. [PMID: 38245968 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of excitonic transitions associated with polymeric aggregates is fundamental, as such transitions have implications on coherence lengths, coherence numbers and inter- and intra-chain binding parameters. In this context, the investigation of efficient solvents and other ways to control polymer aggregate formation is key for their consolidation as materials for new technologies. In this manuscript, we use Poly(3-hexothiophene) (P3HT) as a probe to investigate the significance of amylene (C5H10) and its association with methanol (MeOH) in both pure and C5H10-stabilized chloroform (CHCl3)-based polymeric solutions. Using the intensity ratio between the first and second vibronic transitions of the P3HT H-aggregates formed, values for their exciton bandwidths and interchain interactions are obtained and correlated with the presence of C5H10 and MeOH as agents determining the CHCl3 quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Ruan L S Lima
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo T Araujo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
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2
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Tokita Y, Uchida T, Kamigawara T, Hoka K, Nitto R, Ohta Y, Yokozawa T. Tandem Kumada-Tamao catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling for the synthesis of end-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13139-13142. [PMID: 37811687 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04100j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Successive Kumada-Tamao catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization of 2-bromo-5-chloromagnesio-3-hexylthiophene and Suzuki-Miyaura end-functionalization with pinacol arylboronate in one pot afforded poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with a base-sensitive functional group at both ends. The use of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bearing a boronic acid ester moiety at one end enabled one-pot synthesis of PMMA-b-P3HT-b-PMMA triblock copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tokita
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Uchida
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Takeru Kamigawara
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Kenta Hoka
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Reo Nitto
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
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3
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Liang J, Ouyang X, Cao Y. Interfacial and confined molecular-assembly of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and its application in organic electronic devices. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:619-632. [PMID: 36212681 PMCID: PMC9542436 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2125826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is a typical conducting polymer widely used in organic thin-film transistors, polymer solar cells, etc., due to good processability and remarkable charging carrier and hole mobility. It is known that the ordered structure assembled by π-conjugated P3HT chains could promote the performance of electronic devices. Interfacial and confined molecular-assembly is one effective way to generate an ordered structure by tuning surface geometry and substrate interaction. Great efforts have been made to investigate the molecular chain assembly of P3HT on a curved surface that is confined to different geometry. In this report, we review the recent advances of the interfacial chain assembly of P3HT in a flat or curved confined space and its application to organic electronic devices. In principle, this interfacial assembly of P3HT at a nanoscale could improve the electronic properties, such as the current transport, power conversion efficiency, etc. Therefore, this review on interfacial and confined assembly of P3HT could give general implications for designing high-performance organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Liang
- Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology (AISMST), School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Ouyang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology (AISMST), School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
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4
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Choi HN, Lee IH. Protection-free one-pot synthesis of alcohol end-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene). Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Gapin A, Idriss H, Blanc S, Billon L, Delville MH, Bousquet A, Lartigau-Dagron C. Low band-gap polymer brushes: Influence of the end-group on the morphology of core-shell nanoparticles. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Choi HN, Yang HS, Chae JH, Choi TL, Lee IH. Synthesis of Conjugated Rod–Coil Block Copolymers by RuPhos Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation: Initiation from Coil-Type Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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7
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Inagaki S, Yamamoto T, Higashihara T. Direct Synthesis of Chain-end-functionalized Poly(3-hexylthiophene) without Protecting Groups Using a Zincate Complex. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000148. [PMID: 32364289 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chain-end-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene)s (P3HTs) with benzyl alcohol (─PhCH2 OH), phenol (─PhOH), and benzoic acid (─PhCOOH) groups are directly synthesized based on the Negishi catalyst-transfer polycondensation method utilizing the zincate complex of t Bu4 ZnLi2 . In this system, neither protection nor deprotection steps are required, and also providing a living polymerization system to control the molecular weight while maintaining a low molar mass dispersity (ÐM ) of the obtained P3HT derivatives. Indeed, the chain-end-functionalized P3HTs can be synthesized along with controlled number-average molecular weights (Mn = 5100-20 000), low ÐM (1.06-1.14), and high chain-end functionality (Fn = 46-86%). The Fn values for the alcohol and phenol groups are found to be high (86% for ─PhCH2 OH and 71% for ─PhOH based on 1 H NMR, respectively), as also confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy. The easily synthesizable chain-end-functionalized P3HTs will be applicable for the facile synthesis of block and branched polymers containing P3HT as well as its related semiconducting polymer segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Inagaki
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tomoya Higashihara
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, 992-8510, Japan
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8
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Khawas K, Daripa S, Kumari P, Bera MK, Malik S, Kuila BK. Simple synthesis of end functionalized regioregular poly(3‐hexyl thiophene) by catalytic‐initiated Kumada catalyst transfer polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koomkoom Khawas
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Jharkhand Brambe, Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
| | - Soumili Daripa
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Pallavi Kumari
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Jharkhand Brambe, Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
| | - Manas K. Bera
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Sudip Malik
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Biplab K. Kuila
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
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9
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Inoue H, Hirai T, Hanochi H, Oyama K, Mayama H, Nakamura Y, Fujii S. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Grains Synthesized by Solvent-Free Oxidative Coupling Polymerization and Their Use as Light-Responsive Liquid Marble Stabilizer. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hiroyuki Mayama
- Department of Chemistry, Asahikawa Medical University 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
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10
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Lutz JP, Hannigan MD, McNeil AJ. Polymers synthesized via catalyst-transfer polymerization and their applications. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Goto E, Ochiai Y, Ueda M, Higashihara T. Transition-metal-free and halogen-free controlled synthesis of poly(3-alkylthienylene vinylene) via the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons condensation reaction. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00225h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlled polymerization without a transition metal or halogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Goto
- Department of Organic Materials Science
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
- Japan
| | - Yuto Ochiai
- Department of Organic Materials Science
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
- Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ueda
- Department of Organic Materials Science
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
- Japan
| | - Tomoya Higashihara
- Department of Organic Materials Science
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
- Japan
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12
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Zhang G, Ohta Y, Yokozawa T. Exclusive Synthesis of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) with an Ethynyl Group at Only One End for Effective Block Copolymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [PMID: 29152873 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Well-controlled synthesis of ethynyl-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is crucial for preparation of block copolymers containing the P3HT segment by means of click coupling reaction. A well-known chain end modification method, in which Kumada-Tamao catalyst-transfer polymerization is quenched with ethynylmagnesium chloride, under various conditions is re-examined, but in all cases not only P3HT with an ethynyl group at one end but also P3HT di-ethynylated at both ends is obtained. Accordingly, Sonogashira coupling reaction of P3HT having H/Br ends with trimethylsilylacetylene is tried, followed by removal of the trimethylsilyl group, and it is found that this protocol affords exclusively P3HT with an ethynyl group at one end. This post end-modification method is applied to the synthesis of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer of P3HT and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) by means of click reaction between ethynylated P3HT and PEtOx with an azide group at one end, and the product is confirmed to be free from contamination with triblock copolymer. Micellization of this block copolymer is confirmed in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water and THF/methanol mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Zhang
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, 221-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, 221-8686, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, 221-8686, Japan
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13
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Honda M, Taniguchi Y, Hayashi T, Kunimoto KK, Segi M, Yamaguchi T. Synthesis and utility of 3-silylthiophenes having perfluoroalkyl groups. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Ekiz S, Gobalasingham NS, Thompson BC. Exploring the influence of acceptor content on semi-random conjugated polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Ekiz
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
| | - Nemal S. Gobalasingham
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
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15
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Pathiranage TMSK, Dissanayake DS, Niermann CN, Ren Y, Biewer MC, Stefan MC. Role of polythiophenes as electroactive materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Crystal N. Niermann
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Texas at DallasRichardson Texas75080
| | - Yixin Ren
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Texas at DallasRichardson Texas75080
| | - Michael C. Biewer
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Texas at DallasRichardson Texas75080
| | - Mihaela C. Stefan
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Texas at DallasRichardson Texas75080
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16
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Ahn SK, Carrillo JMY, Keum JK, Chen J, Uhrig D, Lokitz BS, Sumpter BG, Michael Kilbey S. Nanoporous poly(3-hexylthiophene) thin film structures from self-organization of a tunable molecular bottlebrush scaffold. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7071-7080. [PMID: 28422265 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00015d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to widely tune the design of macromolecular bottlebrushes provides access to self-assembled nanostructures formed by microphase segregation in melt, thin film and solution that depart from structures adopted by simple linear copolymers. A series of random bottlebrush copolymers containing poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(d,l-lactide) (PLA) side chains grafted on a poly(norbornene) backbone were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using the grafting through approach. P3HT side chains induce a physical aggregation of the bottlebrush copolymers upon solvent removal by vacuum drying, primarily driven by attractive π-π interactions; however, the amount of aggregation can be controlled by adjusting side chain composition or by adding linear P3HT chains to the bottlebrush copolymers. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal that linear P3HT chains preferentially associate with P3HT side chains of bottlebrush copolymers, which tends to reduce the aggregation. The nanoscale morphology of microphase segregated thin films created by casting P3HT-PLA random bottlebrush copolymers is highly dependent on the composition of P3HT and PLA side chains, while domain spacing of nanostructures is mainly determined by the length of the side chains. The selective removal of PLA side chains under alkaline conditions generates nanoporous P3HT structures that can be tuned by manipulating molecular design of the bottlebrush scaffold, which is affected by molecular weight and grafting density of the side chains, and their sequence. The ability to exploit the unusual architecture of bottlebrushes to fabricate tunable nanoporous P3HT thin film structures may be a useful way to design templates for optoelectronic applications or membranes for separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Kyun Ahn
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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17
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Termination reaction of living poly(3-hexylthiophene) using thiophene Grignard reagents: Substituent effect on the functionalization. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Lunn DJ, Discekici EH, Read de Alaniz J, Gutekunst WR, Hawker CJ. Established and emerging strategies for polymer chain-end modification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Lunn
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3TA United Kingdom
| | - Emre H. Discekici
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara California 93106
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19
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Boufflet P, Casey A, Xia Y, Stavrinou PN, Heeney M. Pentafluorobenzene end-group as a versatile handle for para fluoro "click" functionalization of polythiophenes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2215-2225. [PMID: 28507677 PMCID: PMC5408564 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient method of introducing pentafluorobenzene (PFB) as a single end-group in polythiophene derivatives is reported via in situ quenching of the polymerization. We demonstrate that the PFB-group is a particularly useful end-group due to its ability to undergo fast nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Using this molecular handle, we are able to quantitatively tether a variety of common nucleophiles to the polythiophene backbone. The mild conditions required for the reaction allows sensitive functional moieties, such as biotin or a cross-linkable trimethoxysilane, to be introduced as end-groups. The high yield enabled the formation of a diblock rod-coil polymer from equimolar reactants under transition metal-free conditions at room temperature. We further demonstrate that water soluble polythiophenes end-capped with PFB can be prepared via the hydrolysis of an ester precursor, and that such polymers are amenable to functionalization under aqueous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Boufflet
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Abby Casey
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Yiren Xia
- Dept. Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
- Dept. of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , UK
| | - Paul N Stavrinou
- Dept. of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
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20
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Ji E, Pellerin V, Rubatat L, Grelet E, Bousquet A, Billon L. Self-Assembly of Ionizable “Clicked” P3HT-b-PMMA Copolymers: Ionic Bonding Group/Counterion Effects on Morphology. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Ji
- IPREM
CNRS-UMR 5254, Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 2 avenue Président
Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 9, France and
| | - Virginie Pellerin
- IPREM
CNRS-UMR 5254, Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 2 avenue Président
Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 9, France and
| | - Laurent Rubatat
- IPREM
CNRS-UMR 5254, Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 2 avenue Président
Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 9, France and
| | - Eric Grelet
- CNRS,
Centre de Recherche Paul-Pascal, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue
Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Antoine Bousquet
- IPREM
CNRS-UMR 5254, Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 2 avenue Président
Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 9, France and
| | - Laurent Billon
- IPREM
CNRS-UMR 5254, Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 2 avenue Président
Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 9, France and
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21
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Zhang HH, Peng W, Dong J, Hu QS. t-Bu 3P-Coordinated 2-Phenylaniline-Based Palladacycle Complex/ArBr as Robust Initiators for Controlled Pd(0)/ t-Bu 3P-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Polymerization of AB-Type Monomers. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:656-660. [PMID: 35614667 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
t-Bu3P-coordinated 2-phenylaniline-based palladacycle complex (1) as the unique source of Pd(0)/t-Bu3P to form efficient initiators with ArBr for controlled Suzuki cross-coupling polymerizations of AB-type monomers was described. The in situ generated initiators were demonstrated to be robust initiator systems for controlled Suzuki cross-coupling polymerization, affording polymers with unprecedentedly narrow PDIs and well-controlled functional end groups. 31P NMR study suggested that the fast and efficient generation of ArPd(t-Bu3P)Br complexes from precatalyst 1 and ArBr might be the reason for better control of polymerization with precatalyst 1/ArBr as initiators. Our study provided a family of unprecedented, highly efficient initiators for controlled Suzuki cross-coupling polymerizations and a direct route to access conjugated polymers with a variety of heterobisfunctional chain end groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry,
the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry,
the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry,
the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Qiao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry,
the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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22
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Bryan ZJ, Hall AO, Zhao CT, Chen J, McNeil AJ. Limitations of Using Small Molecules to Identify Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation Reactions. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:69-72. [PMID: 35668581 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst-transfer polycondensation (CTP) is a relatively new method for synthesizing conjugated polymers in a chain-growth fashion using transition metal catalysis. Recent research has focused on screening catalysts to broaden the monomer scope. In this effort, small molecule reactions have played an important role. Specifically, when selective difunctionalization occurs, even with limiting quantities of reaction partner, it suggests an associative intermediate similar to CTP. Several new chain-growth polymerizations have been discovered using this approach. We report herein an attempt to use this method to develop chain-growth conditions for synthesizing poly(2,5-bis(hexyloxy)phenylene ethynylene) via Sonogashira cross-coupling. Hundreds of small molecule experiments were performed and selective difunctionalization was observed with a Buchwald-type precatalyst. Unexpectedly, these same reaction conditions led to a step-growth polymerization. Further investigation revealed that the product ratios in the small molecule reactions were dictated by reactivity differences rather than an associative intermediate. The lessons learned from these studies have broad implications on other small molecule reactions being used to identify new catalysts for CTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Bryan
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Ariana O. Hall
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Carolyn T. Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J. McNeil
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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23
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Sanji T, Nose K, Kakinuma J, Iyoda T. Transition-metal-free controlled polymerization of 2-polyfluorophenyl-5-trimethylsilylthiophenes: the substituent impact of fluorine. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free polymerization of a series of 2-polyfluorophenyl-5-trimethylsilylthiophenes promoted by fluoride anions is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Sanji
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Frontier Research Center
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Keiji Nose
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Frontier Research Center
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Junko Kakinuma
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Frontier Research Center
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Tomokazu Iyoda
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Frontier Research Center
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
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24
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Motoshige A, Kakinuma J, Iyoda T, Sanji T. A fast controlled synthesis of poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s under transition-metal-free conditions. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free polymerization of an AB-type monomer for the synthesis of well-defined poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Motoshige
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project (iSIM)
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
| | - Junko Kakinuma
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project (iSIM)
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
| | - Tomokazu Iyoda
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project (iSIM)
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
| | - Takanobu Sanji
- Iyoda Supra-Integrated Material Project (iSIM)
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- and Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
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25
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Chevrier M, Richeter S, Coulembier O, Surin M, Mehdi A, Lazzaroni R, Evans RC, Dubois P, Clément S. Expanding the light absorption of poly(3-hexylthiophene) by end-functionalization with π-extended porphyrins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:171-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-hexylthiophene)s end-functionalized with π-extended porphyrins show a broad absorption profile up to 700 nm and a fibrillar microstructure tuned by the porphyrin molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Chevrier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05
- France
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC)
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05
- France
| | - Olivier Coulembier
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC)
- Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP)
- Université de Mons
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials
- CIRMAP
- University of Mons UMONS
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05
- France
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials
- CIRMAP
- University of Mons UMONS
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Rachel C. Evans
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC)
- Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP)
- Université de Mons
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05
- France
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26
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Yokozawa T, Ohta Y. Transformation of Step-Growth Polymerization into Living Chain-Growth Polymerization. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1950-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department
of Material and
Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department
of Material and
Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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27
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Fronk SL, Mai CK, Ford M, Noland RP, Bazan GC. End-Group-Mediated Aggregation of Poly(3-hexylthiophene). Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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28
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Zhao Y, Wu H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Yang B, Zhang Q, Ren X, Fu C, Wei Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Tao L. Postpolymerization Modification of Poly(dihydropyrimidin-2(1 H)-thione)s via the Thiourea-Haloalkane Reaction to Prepare Functional Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:843-847. [PMID: 35596507 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A highly reactive thiourea-contained polycondensate, poly(dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione) (poly(DHPMT)) has been facilely synthesized via the Biginelli polycondensation using thiourea and a difunctional compound containing benzaldehyde and β-keto ester groups as monomers. The thiourea moiety in the polymer structure has similar reactivity as the thiourea, thus the poly(DHPMT) is an excellent polymer precusor for preparing new functional polymers through the postpolymerization modification (PPM) strategy. After simple reaction with functional haloalkanes, the parent poly(DHPMT) could be almost completely converted (>99%) to daughter polymers containing alkene or alkyne side groups. Then, the daughter polymers have been further transferred to granddaughter polymers through another PPM via thiol-ene or Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. Besides, when 3-phenylpropargyl chloride was used as the reactant, a bright yellow fluorescent polymer could be simply achieved due to the in situ formed conjugated heterocycle in the polymer structure, further demonstrating the diversity of the functional polymers through PPM. Considering the easily available monomers, simple polycondensation, and the excellent reactivity of the thiourea moiety in the polymer structure, this thiourea-contained Biginilli polycondensate might be a versatile platform for new functional polymer preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- The
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qingdong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xu Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Changkui Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Wang
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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29
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Hu YY, Su M, Ma CH, Yu Z, Liu N, Yin J, Ding Y, Wu ZQ. Multiple Stimuli-Responsive and White-Light Emission of One-Pot Synthesized Block Copolymers Containing Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Poly(triethyl glycol allene) Segments. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Hu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Cui-Hong Ma
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
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30
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Progress in side-chain thiophene-containing polymers: synthesis, properties and applications. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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H. Lessard B, P. Bender T. Controlled and selective placement of boron subphthalocyanines on either chain end of polymers synthesized by nitroxide mediated polymerization. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2015.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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32
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Su M, Shi SY, Wang Q, Liu N, Yin J, Liu C, Ding Y, Wu ZQ. Multi-responsive behavior of highly water-soluble poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(phenyl isocyanide) block copolymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00988j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly water-soluble block copolymers containing conjugated poly(3-hexylthiophene) and hydrophilic poly(phenyl isocyanide) segments were found to be responsive to multiple stimuli, such as temperature, pH and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Su
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Sheng-Yu Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Anhui Province, Hefei 230009
- China
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33
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Zhang HH, Hu QS, Hong K. Accessing conjugated polymers with precisely controlled heterobisfunctional chain ends via post-polymerization modification of the OTf group and controlled Pd(0)/t-Bu3P-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14869-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06188a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Accessing of conjugated polymers with precisely controlled heterobisfunctional chain ends was achieved via the post-polymerization modification of the triflate (OTf) group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- Staten Island
- USA
| | - Qiao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- Staten Island
- USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
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