1
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Maeda M, Nobukawa S, Inomata K. Photoinduced plasticizing effect of the addition of azobenzene on the glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of polycarbonate. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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2
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Zeng Y, Yang QC, Xu YT, Ma GQ, Huang HD, Lei J, Zhong GJ, Li ZM. Durably Ductile, Transparent Polystyrene Based on Extensional Stress-Induced Rejuvenation Stabilized by Styrene-Butadiene Block Copolymer Nanofibrils. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:71-77. [PMID: 35548990 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The glassy polymer of polystyrene (PS) enjoys a good reputation as a promising optical material; however, the inherent brittleness hinders its further applications. Conventional toughening methods are realized based on the premise of a sacrifice in transparency and stiffness. In this work, we found an unprecedented strategy to address these obstacles by combining extensional stress-induced ductility and suppressing physical aging. PS-based film with a high stiffness, long-term ductility, and excellent transparency is achieved by introducing a styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the PS matrix and subsequently annealing stretched. A nanofibrillar structure of the polybutadiene (PB) phase is formulated surrounded by a PS matrix, and thus, the elongation at break enhances from 3.1% up to 86.8%, accompanying the yield strength enhanced from 25.5 to 62.2 MPa. More significantly, compared with neat PS, these films survive from physical aging and persistent ductility over time. The morphology deformation induced by stress makes an obvious contribution to the improvement of transparency. Investigating the dynamics of chain segments indicates that the incorporation of the copolymer can restrict rearrangement and local relaxation to the PS chain. This work could pave a potential route toward high-performance PS and might be transferable to other glassy polymers with a fragile character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zeng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qian-Cheng Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ying-Te Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Guo-Qi Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hua-Dong Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jun Lei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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3
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Ricci J, Bennin T, Xing E, Ediger MD. Linear Stress Relaxation and Probe Reorientation: Comparison of the Segmental Dynamics of Two Glassy Polymers during Physical Aging. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Ricci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Trevor Bennin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Enran Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - M. D. Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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4
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Haugan IN, Lee B, Maher MJ, Zografos A, Schibur HJ, Jones SD, Hillmyer MA, Bates FS. Physical Aging of Polylactide-Based Graft Block Polymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Seamus D. Jones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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5
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Ricci J, Bennin T, Ediger MD. Direct Comparison of Probe Reorientation and Linear Mechanical Measurements of Segmental Dynamics in Glassy Poly(methyl methacrylate). Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Ricci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Trevor Bennin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - M. D. Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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6
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Xiao R, Ghazaryan G, Tervoort TA, Nguyen TD. Modeling energy storage and structural evolution during finite viscoplastic deformation of glassy polymers. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:063001. [PMID: 28709187 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.063001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The enthalpic response of amorphous polymers depends strongly on their thermal and deformation history. Annealing just below the glass transition temperature (T_{g}) causes a large endothermic overshoot of the isobaric heat capacity at T_{g} as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, while plastic deformation (cold work) can erase this overshoot and create an exothermic undershoot. This indicates that a strong coupling exists between the polymer structure, thermal response, and mechanical deformation. In this work, we apply a recently developed thermomechanical model for glassy polymers that couples structural evolution and viscoplastic deformation to investigate the effect of annealing and plastic deformation on the accumulation of stored energy during cold work and calorimetry measurements of heat flow. The thermomechanical model introduces the effective temperature as an additional state variable in a nonequilibrium thermodynamics setting to describe the structural evolution of the material. The results show that the model accurately describes the stress and enthalpy response of quenched and annealed polymers with different plastic predeformations. The model also shows that at 30% strain in uniaxial compression, 45% of the applied work is converted into stored energy, which is consistent with experimental data from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Institute of Soft Matter Mechanics, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Gagik Ghazaryan
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland and Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Theo A Tervoort
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thao D Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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7
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Ganguly R, Gorman I, Desbois P, Lesser AJ. Structure-property relationships in asymmetric double-network glasses. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Pandini S, Bignotti F, Baldi F, Sartore L, Consolati G, Panzarasa G. Thermomechanical and large deformation behaviors of antiplasticized epoxy resins: Effect of material formulation and network architecture. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pandini
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; University of Brescia; Via Branze 38 Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Fabio Bignotti
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; University of Brescia; Via Branze 38 Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Francesco Baldi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; University of Brescia; Via Branze 38 Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Luciana Sartore
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; University of Brescia; Via Branze 38 Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Giovanni Consolati
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology; Politecnico di Milano; Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Guido Panzarasa
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Science; Montanuniversität; Otto-Glöckel Strasse 2 Leoben 8700 Austria
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9
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Zhao Y, Liu J, Li X, Lu Y, Wang SQ. How and Why Polymer Glasses Lose Their Ductility Due to Plasticizers. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science
and Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Jianning Liu
- Department of Polymer Science
and Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Polymer Science
and Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Polymer Science
and Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Shi-Qing Wang
- Department of Polymer Science
and Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
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10
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Ramakrishnan V, Harsiny S, Goossens JGP, Hoeks TL, Peters GWM. Physical aging in polycarbonate nanocomposites containing grafted nanosilica particles: A comparison between enthalpy and yield stress evolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaidyanath Ramakrishnan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Sepehr Harsiny
- Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. P. Goossens
- Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Theodorus L. Hoeks
- Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit W. M. Peters
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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11
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Cugini AV, Lesser AJ. Aspects of physical aging, mechanical rejuvenation, and thermal annealing in a new copolyester. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela V. Cugini
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst Massachusetts
| | - Alan J. Lesser
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Amherst Massachusetts
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12
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Wang SQ, Cheng S, Lin P, Li X. A phenomenological molecular model for yielding and brittle-ductile transition of polymer glasses. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:094905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4893765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Wang
- Morton Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Shiwang Cheng
- Morton Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Panpan Lin
- Morton Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Morton Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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13
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14
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Miyagawa A, Korkiatithaweechai S, Nobukawa S, Yamaguchi M. Mechanical and Optical Properties of Polycarbonate Containing p-Terphenyl. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302035e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Miyagawa
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa
923-1292, Japan
| | - Suphat Korkiatithaweechai
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa
923-1292, Japan
- Program
of Petrochemical and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330,
Thailand
| | - Shogo Nobukawa
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa
923-1292, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamaguchi
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa
923-1292, Japan
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15
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Relationship between microscopic deformations and macroscopic mechanical response of SAN/PB-g-SAN blends via interparticle distance concept. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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