1
|
Hirata K, Nishikawa M, Nozaki M, Kitajima H, Yanagihara I, Wada K, Fujimura M. Urine Desmosine as a Novel Biomarker for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Postprematurity Respiratory Disease in Extremely Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1030-e1036. [PMID: 36384237 DOI: 10.1055/a-1979-8501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether elevated urine desmosine levels at 3 weeks of age were associated with severe radiological findings, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and post-prematurity respiratory disease (PRD) in extremely preterm (EP) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN This study recruited 37 EP (22-27 completed weeks) or ELBW (<1,000 g) infants. Urine was collected between 21 and 28 postnatal days, and desmosine was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; the urine creatinine level was also measured. Bubbly/cystic lungs were characterized by emphysematous chest X-rays on postnatal day 28. Furthermore, provision of supplemental oxygen or positive-pressure respiratory support at 40 weeks' postmenstrual age defined BPD, and increased medical utilization at 18 months of corrected age defined PRD. The desmosine/creatinine threshold was determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The adjusted risk and 95% confidence interval (CI) for elevated urine desmosine/creatinine levels were estimated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Elevated urine desmosine/creatinine levels higher than the threshold were significantly associated with bubbly/cystic lungs (8/13 [61.5%] vs. 2/24 [8.3%], p = 0.001), BPD (10/13 [76.9%] vs. 8/24 [33.3%], p = 0.02), and PRD (6/13 [46.2%] vs. 2/24 [8.3%], p = 0.01). After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight, and sex, the urine desmosine/creatinine levels were significantly higher in those who were highly at risk of bubbly/cystic lungs (odds ratio [OR], 13.2; 95% CI, 1.67-105) and PRD (OR, 13.8; 95% CI, 1.31-144). CONCLUSION Elevated urine desmosine/creatinine levels on the third postnatal week were associated with bubbly/cystic lungs on day 28 and PRD at 18 months of corrected age in EP or ELBW infants. KEY POINTS · Urine desmosine was prospectively measured in 3-week-old EP/ELBW infants.. · Elevated urine desmosine levels were associated with emphysematous radiological findings on day 28, PRD at 18 months of corrected age.. · Urine desmosine may be a promising biomarker indicating lung damage in EP/ELBW infants..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Hirata
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Nishikawa
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nozaki
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitajima
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Itaru Yanagihara
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuko Wada
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Fujimura
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gupta A, Sharma Y, Pawar GP, Ashish, Nihalani D, Chaudhari VD. An Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of Isodesmosine. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aikan Gupta
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR‐Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India
| | - Yogesh Sharma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR‐Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Ganesh P. Pawar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR‐Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India
| | - Ashish
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR‐Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Deepak Nihalani
- Division of Nephrology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
| | - Vinod D. Chaudhari
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR‐Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferro M, La Civita E, Liotti A, Cennamo M, Tortora F, Buonerba C, Crocetto F, Lucarelli G, Busetto GM, Del Giudice F, de Cobelli O, Carrieri G, Porreca A, Cimmino A, Terracciano D. Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Urine: A Route towards Molecular Diagnosis and Personalized Medicine of Bladder Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030237. [PMID: 33806972 PMCID: PMC8004687 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is characterized by high incidence and recurrence rates together with genomic instability and elevated mutation degree. Currently, cystoscopy combined with cytology is routinely used for diagnosis, prognosis and disease surveillance. Such an approach is often associated with several side effects, discomfort for the patient and high economic burden. Thus, there is an essential demand of non-invasive, sensitive, fast and inexpensive biomarkers for clinical management of BC patients. In this context, liquid biopsy represents a very promising tool that has been widely investigated over the last decade. Liquid biopsy will likely be at the basis of patient selection for precision medicine, both in terms of treatment choice and real-time monitoring of therapeutic effects. Several different urinary biomarkers have been proposed for liquid biopsy in BC, including DNA methylation and mutations, protein-based assays, non-coding RNAs and mRNA signatures. In this review, we summarized the state of the art on different available tests concerning their potential clinical applications for BC detection, prognosis, surveillance and response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Department of Urology of European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (O.d.C.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Fabiana Tortora
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- CRTR Rare Tumors Reference Center, AOU Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Environment & Health Operational Unit, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Del Giudice
- Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Department of Urology of European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (O.d.C.)
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Ematoncologia-DIPO-Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Angelo Porreca
- Department of Urology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, 31033 Padua, Italy;
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (D.T.); Tel.: +39-81-746-3617 (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (D.T.); Tel.: +39-81-746-3617 (D.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A bird eye view on cystic fibrosis: An underestimated multifaceted chronic disorder. Life Sci 2020; 268:118959. [PMID: 33383045 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease which involves the mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CF involves in the inflammatory processes and is considered as a multisystem disorder that is not confined to lungs, but it also affects other vital organs that leads to numerous co-morbidities. The respiratory disorder in the CF results in mortality and morbidity which is characterized by series of serious events involving mucus hypersecretion, microbial infections, airways obstruction, inflammation, destruction of epithelium, tissue remodeling and terminal lung diseases. Mucins are the high molecular weight glycoproteins important for the viscoelastic properties of the mucus, play a significant role in the disease mechanisms. Determining the functional association between the CFTR and mucins might help to identify the putative target for specific therapeutic approach. In fact, furin enzyme which helps in the entry of novel COVID-19 virus into the cell, is upregulated in CF and this can also serve as a potential target for CF treatment. Moreover, the use of nano-formulations for CF treatment is an area of research being widely studied as they have also demonstrated promising outcomes. The in-depth knowledge of non-coding RNAs like miRNAs and lncRNAs and their functional association with CFTR gene expression and mutation can provide a different range of opportunity to identify the promising therapeutic approaches for CF.
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen CK, Liao J, Li MS, Khoo BL. Urine biopsy technologies: Cancer and beyond. Theranostics 2020; 10:7872-7888. [PMID: 32685026 PMCID: PMC7359094 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of circulating tumor cells in 1869, technological advances in the study of biomarkers from liquid biopsy have made it possible to diagnose disease in a less invasive way. Although blood-based liquid biopsy has been used extensively for the detection of solid tumors and immune diseases, the potential of urine-based liquid biopsy has not been fully explored. Advancements in technologies for the harvesting and analysis of biomarkers are providing new opportunities for the characterization of other disease types. Liquid biopsy markers such as exfoliated bladder cancer cells, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and exosomes have the potential to change the nature of disease management and care, as they allow a cost-effective and convenient mode of patient monitoring throughout treatment. In this review, we addressed the advancement of research in the field of disease detection for the key liquid biopsy markers such as cancer cells, cfDNA, and exosomes, with an emphasis on urine-based liquid biopsy. First, we highlighted key technologies that were widely available and used extensively for clinical urine sample analysis. Next, we presented recent technological developments in cell and genetic research, with implications for the detection of other types of diseases, besides cancer. We then concluded with some discussions on these areas, emphasizing the role of microfluidics and artificial intelligence in advancing point-of-care applications. We believe that the benefits of urine biopsy provide diagnostic development potential, which will pave opportunities for new ways to guide treatment selections and facilitate precision disease therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bee Luan Khoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Evaluation of Copeptin during Pulmonary Exacerbation in Cystic Fibrosis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1939740. [PMID: 31736654 PMCID: PMC6816008 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1939740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Copeptin was found to be a stable biomarker of inflammation and stress response in cardiac, renal, metabolic, and respiratory conditions such as pneumonia. The aim of this study was to investigate the copeptin levels in biological fluids (serum and sputum supernatant) of cystic fibrosis pediatric patients during pulmonary exacerbation and remission and to investigate the possible influence of copeptin levels on disease severity and quality of life. Copeptin serum concentrations were measured in 28 pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients: 13 in stable condition and 15 during pulmonary exacerbation. In 10 CF patients, copeptin was also measured in the sputum. In all the patients, we assessed complete blood count, BMI, sputum culture, lung function, and chest imaging (with Brasfield score). The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Shwachman-Kulczycki (SK) score, and the quality of life was assessed with the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R). Copeptin concentrations in serum and sputum supernatant was measured using an ELISA kit. Statistical analysis was done in Statistica v.12. Serum and sputum copeptin levels were higher in CF patients during pulmonary exacerbation than in a stable period, but the differences were not significant (p = 0.58 and p = 0.13, respectively). Copeptin did not correlate significantly with any clinical, laboratory, or spirometry markers of exacerbation. There was, however, a significant inverse correlation between the serum copeptin level and symptoms severity (r = ‐0.77, p = 0.008) and radiological changes (r = ‐0.5626, p = 0.036) during pulmonary exacerbation in pediatric CF patients. Copeptin also inversely correlated with the quality of life domains in CF patients: vitality and eating habits, mostly loss of appetite (p = 0.031 and p = 0.016, respectively). Copeptin may be useful to identify patients with a higher risk of deterioration to improve their outcomes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma S, Geraghty P, Dabo A, McCarthy C, McElvaney NG, Turino GM. Cystic fibrosis disease severity correlates with plasma levels of desmosine and isodesmosine, biomarkers of elastin degradation. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00250-2018. [PMID: 31218219 PMCID: PMC6571450 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00250-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel methodological approaches now demonstrate that the unique elastin degradation products desmosine and isodesmosine are detectable in plasma of cystic fibrosis patients and correlate to lung function, exacerbation frequency and disease progression http://bit.ly/2VwZOcx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Ma
- Dept of Medicine, Mount Sinai St Luke's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Abdoulaye Dabo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Cormac McCarthy
- Respiratory Research Division, Dept of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Gerry McElvaney
- Respiratory Research Division, Dept of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Turino
- Dept of Medicine, Mount Sinai St Luke's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rathod P, Kaur M, Ho HP, Louis ME, Dhital B, Durlik P, Boutis GS, Mark KJ, Lee JI, Chang EJ. Quantification of desmosine and isodesmosine using MALDI-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6881-6889. [PMID: 30062515 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Desmosine (Des) and isodesmosine (Isodes), cross-linking amino acids in the biomolecule elastin, may be used as biomarkers for various pathological conditions associated with elastin degradation. The current study presents a novel approach to quantify Des and Isodes using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) in a linear ion trap coupled to a vacuum MALDI source. MALDI-MS2 analyses of Des and Isodes are performed using stable-isotope-labeled desmosine d4 (labeled-Des) as an internal standard in different biological fluids, such as urine and serum. The method demonstrated linearity over two orders of magnitude with a detection limit of 0.02 ng/μL in both urine and serum without enrichment prior to mass spectrometry, and relative standard deviation of < 5%. The method is used to evaluate the time-dependent degradation of Des upon UV irradiation (254 nm) and found to be consistent with quantification by 1H NMR. This is the first characterized MALDI-MS2 method for quantification of Des and Isodes and illustrates the potential of MALDI-ion trap MS2 for effective quantification of biomolecules. The reported method represents improvement over current liquid chromatography-based methods with respect to analysis time and solvent consumption, while maintaining similar analytical characteristics. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratikkumar Rathod
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA.,Chemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Manjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA
| | - Hsin-Pin Ho
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA
| | - Marissa E Louis
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA
| | - Basant Dhital
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Philip Durlik
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
| | - Gregory S Boutis
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
| | - Kevin J Mark
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College, The City University of New York, 31-10 Thomson Ave, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA
| | - Jong I Lee
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA
| | - Emmanuel J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, York College of The City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd, Jamaica, NY, 11451-0001, USA. .,Chemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA. .,Biochemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Laguna TA, Williams CB, Nunez MG, Welchlin-Bradford C, Moen CE, Reilly CS, Wendt CH. Biomarkers of inflammation in infants with cystic fibrosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29310632 PMCID: PMC5759377 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are urgent needs for clinically relevant biomarkers to identify children with cystic fibrosis (CF) at risk for more progressive lung disease and to serve as outcome measures for clinical trials. Our objective was to investigate three targeted biomarkers in a population of asymptomatic CF infants. Methods Urine, blood and lung function data were collected for 2 years from clinically stable infants diagnosed with CF by newborn screening. A subset of CF infants had bronchoscopy with lavage performed at 6 months and 1 year. Urine was collected quarterly from healthy control infants. Expectorated sputum and urine were collected quarterly for 2 years from clinically stable CF adults. Desmosine, club cell secretory protein (CCSP) and cathepsin B concentrations were measured and compared. Mixed effects models were used to identify associations between biomarker concentrations and clinical characteristics. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers. Results Urinary cathepsin B was significantly higher in CF infants compared to healthy infants (p = 0.005). CF infant airway and urinary cathepsin B concentrations were significantly lower compared to adult CF subjects (p = 0.002 & p = 0.022, respectively). CF infant airway CCSP was significantly higher than adult CF subjects (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between CF infant plasma CCSP and BALF CCSP (p = 0.046). BALF CCSP was negatively associated with IL-8 (p = 0.017). There was no correlation between biomarker concentration and FEV0.5. Conclusions Cathepsin B and CCSP show promise as biomarkers of inflammation in CF infants. Further study is needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0713-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Laguna
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Cynthia B Williams
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Cole Welchlin-Bradford
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Catherine E Moen
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Cavan S Reilly
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chris H Wendt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Intermittent Hypoxia Contributes to the Lung Damage by Increased Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Disbalance in Protease/Antiprotease System. Lung 2016; 194:1015-1020. [PMID: 27738828 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-016-9946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intermittent hypoxia as a surrogate of obstructive sleep apnea is associated with different cardiovascular complications. However, the effects of intermittent hypoxia on the lung tissue are less known. Therefore, the aim of our present study was to investigate if intermittent hypoxia may influence oxidative stress, inflammation, and protease/antiprotease system in the lung. Additionally, potential protective properties of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative drugs have been evaluated. METHODS 32 mice were divided into four groups: (1) intermittent hypoxia, (2) intermittent hypoxia with infliximab, (3) intermittent hypoxia with L-glutathione, and (4) normoxia. After 4 weeks, lungs and blood were collected. Levels of reactive oxygen species in the lung were calculated by L-O12-enhanced chemiluminescence. CD68-positive lung macrophages were detected by immunofluorescence. Concentrations of elastase and desmosine in lung and of alpha-1-antitrypsin in blood were calculated by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Compared to a control, intermittent hypoxia augmented the release of free oxygen radicals, expression of CD68+ macrophages, and concentration of elastase in the lung tissue. Despite increased blood levels of protective alpha-1-antitrypsin, concentrations of desmosine-degradation product of elastin were higher versus control. The application of anti-inflammatory infliximab und anti-oxidative L-glutathione prevented at least partly the above-observed hypoxia-associated changes. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent hypoxia contributes to the lung damage by increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and disbalance in protease/antiprotease system. Infliximab and L-glutathione may prevent adverse hypoxia-induced lung alternations.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sampedro I, Kato J, Hill JE. Elastin degradation product isodesmosine is a chemoattractant for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2015; 161:1496-503. [PMID: 25855762 PMCID: PMC10727130 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 is chemotactic towards proteinogenic amino acids, however, the chemotaxis response of this strain towards non-proteinogenic amino acids and the specific chemoreceptors involved in this response are essentially unknown. In this study, we analysed the chemotactic response of PAO1 towards two degradation products of elastin, the lysine-rich, non-proteinogenic amino acids, desmosine and isodesmosine. We observed that isodesmosine, a potential biomarker for different diseases, served as a chemoattractant for PAO1. A screen of 251methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins mutants of PAO1 identified PctA as the chemoreceptor for isodesmosine. We also showed that the positive chemotactic response to isodesmosine is potentially common by demonstrating chemoattraction in 12 of 15 diverse (in terms of source of isolation) clinical isolates, suggesting that the chemotactic response to this non-proteinogenic amino acid might be a conserved feature of acute infection isolates and thus could influence the colonization of potential infection sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Sampedro
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Junichi Kato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Jane E. Hill
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Neutrophils are known to dominate the pulmonary inflammatory process observed in cystic fibrosis (CF). An enduring paradox is how these large numbers of neutrophils fail to eradicate colonizing bacteria. Major advances in our understanding of neutrophil dysfunction in CF and its effect on the innate immune system are leading to advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and leading directly to new therapies. RECENT FINDINGS New mechanisms of neutrophil dysfunction have been described in CF including disabled cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator recruitment to phagosomes and novel mechanisms of protease-induced neutrophil dysfunction. Neutrophil elastase has been shown to be present in the airway very early in life in CF patients, and appears a biomarker of disease progression, predicting lung function decline and bronchiectasis. Elastase has also been shown to induce a pro-inflammatory state of senescence in bronchial epithelial cells in vitro and potentially in vivo. Inhibitors of neutrophil elastase are now entering clinical trials with promising results. New avenues of CF therapeutics are being explored including novel macrolides, CXCR2 antagonists and exogenous opsonins. SUMMARY This article reviews the past 12 months of research that contributes to our understanding of the role of neutrophils and immune dysfunction in CF.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Desmosine, a crosslinking amino acid unique to elastin, was investigated as a possible biomarker for cancer. Twenty-eight normal controls, median age 67 years, had a median value for urine desmosine of 43.5 picomoles desmosine/mg creatinine. The median for 19 untreated cancer subjects of similar age was significantly higher (175 picomoles desmosine/mg creatinine, p < 0.001). Urine desmosine levels in 55 subjects currently receiving chemotherapy, as well as 67 individuals who had survived cancer and were currently clinically disease free, were not significantly different from controls. Our findings indicate that elastin is being turned over in malignant solid tumors, releasing significantly elevated levels of desmosine in the urine.
Collapse
|
14
|
Simpson SJ, Mott LS, Esther CR, Stick SM, Hall GL. Novel end points for clinical trials in young children with cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2013; 7:231-43. [PMID: 23734646 PMCID: PMC5033038 DOI: 10.1586/ers.13.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease commences early in the disease progression and is the most common cause of mortality. While new CF disease-modifying agents are currently undergoing clinical trial evaluation, the implementation of such trials in young children is limited by the lack of age-appropriate clinical trial end points. Advances in infant and preschool lung function testing, imaging of the chest and the development of biochemical biomarkers have led to increased possibility of quantifying mild lung disease in young children with CF and objectively monitoring disease progression over the course of an intervention. Despite this, further standardization and development of these techniques is required to provide robust objective measures for clinical trials in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J Simpson
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sly PD, Gangell CL, Chen L, Ware RS, Ranganathan S, Mott LS, Murray CP, Stick SM. Risk factors for bronchiectasis in children with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1963-70. [PMID: 23692169 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1301725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis develops early in the course of cystic fibrosis, being detectable in infants as young as 10 weeks of age, and is persistent and progressive. We sought to determine risk factors for the onset of bronchiectasis, using data collected by the Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for Cystic Fibrosis (AREST CF) intensive surveillance program. METHODS We examined data from 127 consecutive infants who received a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis after newborn screening. Chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed, while the children were in stable clinical condition, at 3 months and 1, 2, and 3 years of age. Longitudinal data were used to determine risk factors associated with the detection of bronchiectasis from 3 months to 3 years of age. RESULTS The point prevalence of bronchiectasis at each visit increased from 29.3% at 3 months of age to 61.5% at 3 years of age. In multivariate analyses, risk factors for bronchiectasis were presentation with meconium ileus (odds ratio, 3.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51 to 6.66; P=0.002), respiratory symptoms at the time of CT and BAL (odds ratio, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.14; P=0.008), free neutrophil elastase activity in BAL fluid (odds ratio, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.70 to 5.35; P<0.001), and gas trapping on expiratory CT (odds ratio, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.59; P=0.01). Free neutrophil elastase activity in BAL fluid at 3 months of age was associated with persistent bronchiectasis (present on two or more sequential scans), with the odds seven times as high at 12 months of age and four times as high at 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Neutrophil elastase activity in BAL fluid in early life was associated with early bronchiectasis in children with cystic fibrosis. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Sly
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zemanick ET, Harris JK, Wagner BD, Robertson CE, Sagel SD, Stevens MJ, Accurso FJ, Laguna TA. Inflammation and airway microbiota during cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62917. [PMID: 23646159 PMCID: PMC3639911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx), frequently associated with airway infection and inflammation, are the leading cause of morbidity in cystic fibrosis (CF). Molecular microbiologic approaches detect complex microbiota from CF airway samples taken during PEx. The relationship between airway microbiota, inflammation, and lung function during CF PEx is not well understood. Objective To determine the relationships between airway microbiota, inflammation, and lung function in CF subjects treated for PEx. Methods Expectorated sputum and blood were collected and lung function testing performed in CF subjects during early (0–3d.) and late treatment (>7d.) for PEx. Sputum was analyzed by culture, pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons, and quantitative PCR for total and specific bacteria. Sputum IL-8 and neutrophil elastase (NE); and circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Results Thirty-seven sputum samples were collected from 21 CF subjects. At early treatment, lower diversity was associated with high relative abundance (RA) of Pseudomonas (r = −0.67, p<0.001), decreased FEV1% predicted (r = 0.49, p = 0.03) and increased CRP (r = −0.58, p = 0.01). In contrast to Pseudomonas, obligate and facultative anaerobic genera were associated with less inflammation and higher FEV1. With treatment, Pseudomonas RA and P. aeruginosa by qPCR decreased while anaerobic genera showed marked variability in response. Change in RA of Prevotella was associated with more variability in FEV1 response to treatment than Pseudomonas or Staphylococcus. Conclusions Anaerobes identified from sputum by sequencing are associated with less inflammation and higher lung function compared to Pseudomonas at early exacerbation. CF PEx treatment results in variable changes of anaerobic genera suggesting the need for larger studies particularly of patients without traditional CF pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith T Zemanick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abd El Khalek KA, El Seify MY, Youssef OI, Badr MM. Diagnostic value of exhaled carbon monoxide as an early marker of exacerbation in children with chronic lung diseases. ISRN PEDIATRICS 2012; 2012:859873. [PMID: 22997589 PMCID: PMC3446676 DOI: 10.5402/2012/859873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airways infection and inflammation are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronic lung diseases (CLD). Pulmonary exacerbations are major causes of morbidity in CLD. Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) is a product of endogenous metabolic processes whose presence in exhaled breath is considered an index of inflammatory processes. Objective. To evaluate carbon monoxide (eCO) as inflammatory marker for early detection of acute exacerbation in CLD. Methods. Case control study included 40 children with CLD (twenty in exacerbation, group I and twenty in quiescent period, group II) recruited from the Chest Clinic, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University. Twenty apparently healthy children were included as controls (group III). Results. Patients' mean age was 9.98 ± 3.29 years: 24 (60%) males and 16 (40%) females. The mean eCO level among patients during exacerbation was 5.35 ± 1.35 (ppm) compared to 2.65 ± 0.49 (ppm) in quiescent stage and 1.30 ± 0.47 (ppm) in controls. eCO cutoff value discriminating cases and control was 1.5 (ppm) (sensitivity; 100% and specificity 70%) and cutoff value discriminating group I from group II was 3 (ppm) (sensitivity: 100% and specificity: 100%). Conclusion. Exhaled CO can be considered a noninvasive early marker of acute exacerbation of CLD.
Collapse
|