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Zheng S, Bulut GB, Kummarapurugu AB, Ma J, Voynow JA. Neutrophil Elastase Degrades Histone Deacetylases and Sirtuin 1 in Primary Human Monocyte Derived Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4265. [PMID: 38673851 PMCID: PMC11050352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE) is taken up by macrophages, retains intracellular protease activity, and induces a pro-inflammatory phenotype. However, the mechanism of NE-induced pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages is not well understood. We hypothesized that intracellular NE degrades histone deacetylases (HDAC) and Sirtuins, disrupting the balance of lysine acetylation and deacetylation and resulting in nuclear to cytoplasmic translocation of a major alarmin, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a pro-inflammatory response in macrophages. Human blood monocytes were obtained from healthy donors or from subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Monocytes were differentiated into blood monocyte derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. Human BMDMs were exposed to NE or control vehicle, and the abundance of HDACs and Sirtuins was determined by Western blotting of total cell lysates or nuclear extracts or determined by ELISA. HDAC, Sirtuin, and Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activities were measured. NE degraded most HDACs and Sirtuin (Sirt)1, resulting in decreased HDAC and sirtuin activities, with minimal change in HAT activity. We then evaluated whether the NE-induced loss of Sirt activity or loss of HDAC activities would alter the cellular localization of HMGB1. NE treatment or treatment with Trichostatin A (TSA), a global HDAC inhibitor, both increased HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, consistent with HMGB1 activation. NE significantly degraded Class I and II HDAC family members and Sirt 1, which shifted BMDMs to a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Judith A. Voynow
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA; (S.Z.); (G.B.B.); (A.B.K.); (J.M.)
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Westhölter D, Schumacher F, Wülfinghoff N, Sutharsan S, Strassburg S, Kleuser B, Horn PA, Reuter S, Gulbins E, Taube C, Welsner M. CFTR modulator therapy alters plasma sphingolipid profiles in people with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:713-720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Voynow JA, Shinbashi M. Neutrophil Elastase and Chronic Lung Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081065. [PMID: 34439732 PMCID: PMC8394930 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a major inflammatory protease released by neutrophils and is present in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-CF bronchiectasis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Although NE facilitates leukocyte transmigration to the site of infection and is required for clearance of Gram-negative bacteria, it also activates inflammation when released into the airway milieu in chronic inflammatory airway diseases. NE exposure induces airway remodeling with increased mucin expression and secretion and impaired ciliary motility. NE interrupts epithelial repair by promoting cellular apoptosis and senescence and it activates inflammation directly by increasing cytokine expression and release, and indirectly by triggering extracellular trap release and exosome release, which magnify protease activity and inflammation in the airway. NE inhibits innate immune function by digesting opsonins and opsonin receptors, degrading innate immune proteins such as lactoferrin, and inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis. Importantly, NE-directed therapies have not yet been effective in preventing the pathologic sequelae of NE exposure, but new therapies are being developed that offer both direct antiprotease activity and multifunctional anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Voynow
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Meagan Shinbashi
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
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Liu Q, Wang Z, Zhang W. The Multifunctional Roles of Short Palate, Lung, and Nasal Epithelium Clone 1 in Regulating Airway Surface Liquid and Participating in Airway Host Defense. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:139-148. [PMID: 33885339 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Short palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone 1 (SPLUNC1) is a kind of secretory protein, and gets expressed abundantly in normal respiratory epithelium of humans. As a natural immune molecule, SPLUNC1 is proved to be involved in inflammatory response and airway host defense. This review focuses on summarizing and discussing the role of SPLUNC1 in regulating airway surface liquid (ASL) and participating in airway host defense. PubMed and MEDLINE were used for searching and identifying the data in this review. The domain of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in SPLUNC1 and the α-helix, α4, are essential for SPLUNC1 to exert biological activities. As a natural innate immune molecule, SPLUNC1 plays a significant role in inflammatory response and airway host defense. Its special expression patterns are not only observed in physiological conditions, but also in some respiratory diseases. The mechanisms of SPLUNC1 in airway host defense include modulating ASL volume, acting as a surfactant protein, inhibiting biofilm formation, as well as regulating ASL compositions, such as LL-37, mucins, Neutrophil elastase, and inflammatory cytokines. Besides, potential correlations are found among these different mechanisms, especially among different ASL compositions, which should be further explored in more systematical frameworks. In this review, we summarize the structural characteristics and expression patterns of SPLUNC1 briefly, and mainly discuss the mechanisms of SPLUNC1 exerted in host defense, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and a novel target for future studies and clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingluan Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Lara-Reyna S, Holbrook J, Jarosz-Griffiths HH, Peckham D, McDermott MF. Dysregulated signalling pathways in innate immune cells with cystic fibrosis mutations. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4485-4503. [PMID: 32367193 PMCID: PMC7599191 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common life-limiting recessive genetic disorders in Caucasians, caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CF is a multi-organ disease that involves the lungs, pancreas, sweat glands, digestive and reproductive systems and several other tissues. This debilitating condition is associated with recurrent lower respiratory tract bacterial and viral infections, as well as inflammatory complications that may eventually lead to pulmonary failure. Immune cells play a crucial role in protecting the organs against opportunistic infections and also in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. Innate immune cells are generally affected by CFTR mutations in patients with CF, leading to dysregulation of several cellular signalling pathways that are in continuous use by these cells to elicit a proper immune response. There is substantial evidence to show that airway epithelial cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages all contribute to the pathogenesis of CF, underlying the importance of the CFTR in innate immune responses. The goal of this review is to put into context the important role of the CFTR in different innate immune cells and how CFTR dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of CF, highlighting several signalling pathways that may be dysregulated in cells with CFTR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lara-Reyna
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
- Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Jonathan Holbrook
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Heledd H Jarosz-Griffiths
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Daniel Peckham
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Michael F McDermott
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
- Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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Voynow JA, Zheng S, Kummarapurugu AB. Glycosaminoglycans as Multifunctional Anti-Elastase and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1011. [PMID: 32733248 PMCID: PMC7360816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a major protease in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) that activates airway inflammation by several mechanisms. NE stimulates epithelial toll like receptors (TLR) resulting in cytokine upregulation and release, upregulates MUC5AC, a major airway mucin, degrades both phagocytic receptors and opsonins resulting in both neutrophil and macrophage phagocytic failure, generates oxidative stress via extracellular generation and uptake of heme free iron, and activates other proteases. Altogether, these mechanisms create a significant inflammatory challenge that impairs innate immune function and results in airway remodeling. Currently, a major gap in our therapeutic approach to CF lung disease is the lack of an effective therapeutic strategy targeting active NE and its downstream pro-inflammatory sequelae. Polysulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are potent anti-elastase drugs that have additional anti-inflammatory properties. Heparin is a prototype of a glycosaminoglycan with both anti-elastase and anti-inflammatory properties. Heparin inhibits NE in an allosteric manner with high potency. Heparin also inhibits cathepsin G, blocks P-selectin and L-selectin, hinders ligand binding to the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, and impedes histone acetyltransferase activity which dampens cytokine transcription and High Mobility Group Box 1 release. Furthermore, nebulized heparin treatment improves outcomes for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, acute lung injury and smoke inhalation. However, the anticoagulant activity of heparin is a potential contraindication for this therapy to be developed for CF lung disease. Therefore, modified heparins and other GAGs are being developed that retain the anti-elastase and anti-inflammatory qualities of heparin with minimal to no anticoagulant activity. The modified heparin, 2-O, 3-O desulfated heparin (ODSH), maintains anti-elastase and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo, and has little residual anticoagulant activity. Heparan sulfate with O-sulfate residues but not N-sulfate residues blocks allergic asthmatic inflammation in a murine model. Polysulfated hyaluronic acid abrogates allergen- triggered rhinosinusitis in a murine model. Finally, nonsaccharide glycosaminoglycan mimetics with specific sulfate modifications can be designed to inhibit NE activity. Altogether, these novel GAGs or GAG mimetics hold significant promise to address the unmet need for inhaled anti-elastase and anti-inflammatory therapy for patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Voynow
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Apparao B Kummarapurugu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, VA, United States
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Horati H, Janssens HM, Margaroli C, Veltman M, Stolarczyk M, Kilgore MB, Chou J, Peng L, Tiddens HAMW, Chandler JD, Tirouvanziam R, Scholte BJ. Airway profile of bioactive lipids predicts early progression of lung disease in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19:902-909. [PMID: 32057679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we showed that abnormal levels of bioactive lipids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) correlated with early structural lung damage. METHOD To extend these studies, BALF bioactive lipid measurement by mass spectrometry and chest computed tomography (CT, combined with the sensitive PRAGMA-CF scoring method) were performed longitudinally at 2-year intervals in a new cohort of CF children (n = 21, aged 1-5 yrs). RESULTS PRAGMA-CF, neutrophil elastase activity, and myeloperoxidase correlated with BALF lysolipids and isoprostanes, markers of oxidative stress, as well as prostaglandin E2 and combined ceramide precursors (Spearman's Rho > 0.5; P < 0.01 for all). Multiple protein agonists of inflammation and tissue remodeling, measured by Olink protein array, correlated positively (r = 0.44-0.79, p < 0.05) with PRAGMA-CF scores and bioactive lipid levels. Notably, levels of lysolipids, prostaglandin E2 and isoprostanes at first BALF predicted the evolution of PRAGMA-CF scores 2 years later. In wild-type differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells, and in CFTR-inducible iCFBE cells, treatment with a lysolipid receptor agonist (VPC3114) enhanced shedding of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic proteins. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings suggest that bioactive lipids in BALF correlate with and possibly predict structural lung disease in CF children, which supports their use as biomarkers of disease progression and treatment efficacy. Furthermore, our data suggest a causative role of airway lysolipids and oxidative stress in the progression of early CF lung disease, unveiling potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Horati
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hettie M Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Camilla Margaroli
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mieke Veltman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Stolarczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew B Kilgore
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Limin Peng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Harm A M W Tiddens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rabindra Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bob J Scholte
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Chen J, Liang B, Bian D, Luo Y, Yang J, Li Z, Zhuang Z, Zang S, Shi J. Knockout of neutrophil elastase protects against western diet induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by regulating hepatic ceramides metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:691-697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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