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Yang Z, Yuan H, He H, Qi S, Zhu X, Hu X, Jin M, Zhang XX, Yuan ZG. Unlocking the role of EIF5A: A potential diagnostic marker regulating the cell cycle and showing negative correlation with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111227. [PMID: 37977067 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite EIF5A upregulation related to tumor progression in LUAD (lung adenocarcinoma), the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In addition, there are few comprehensive analyses of EIF5A in LUAD. METHODS We investigated the EIF5A expression level in LUAD patients using data from the TCGA and GEO databases. We employed qRT-PCR and western blot to verify EIF5A expression in cell lines, while immunohistochemistry was utilized for clinical sample analysis. We analyzed EIF5A expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells using the TISCH database and assessed its association with immune infiltration in LUAD using the "ESTIMATE" R package. Bioinformatics approaches were developed to discover the EIF5A-related genes and explore EIF5A potential mechanisms in LUAD. Proliferation ability was verified through CCK-8, clone formation, and EdU assays, while flow cytometry assessed apoptosis and cell cycle. Western blot was used to detect the expression of pathway-related proteins. RESULTS EIF5A was significantly upregulated in LUAD. Moreover, we constructed a MAZ-hsa-miR-424-3p-EIF5A transcriptional network. We explored the potential mechanism of EIF5A in LUAD and further investigated the cAMP signaling pathway and the cell cycle. Finally, we proved that EIF5A silencing induced G1/S Cell Cycle arrest, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited proliferation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION EIF5A serves as a prognostic biomarker with a negative correlation to immune infiltrates in LUAD. It regulated the cell cycle in LUAD by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Hao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Houjing He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Shuting Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiu-Xiang Zhang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China.
| | - Zi-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China.
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2
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Schmid F, Dahlmann M, Röhrich H, Kobelt D, Hoffmann J, Burock S, Walther W, Stein U. Calcium-binding protein S100P is a new target gene of MACC1, drives colorectal cancer metastasis and serves as a prognostic biomarker. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:675-685. [PMID: 35597866 PMCID: PMC9381557 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metastasis inducing gene MACC1 is a prognostic and predictive biomarker for metastasis in several cancers. Its mechanism of inducing metastasis includes the transcriptional control of other cancer-related target genes. Here, we investigate the interplay with the metastasis driver S100P in CRC progression. Methods MACC1-dependent S100P expression was analysed by qRT-PCR. The binding of MACC1 to the S100P promoter was determined by ChIP. Alterations in cell proliferation and motility were determined by functional in vitro assays. In vivo metastasis after intrasplenic transplantation was assessed by bioluminescence imaging and evaluation of tumour growth and liver metastasis. The prognostic value of S100P was determined in CRC patients by ROC-based Kaplan–Meier analyses. Results Expression of S100P and MACC1 correlated positively in CRC cells and colorectal tumours. MACC1 was found binding to the S100P promoter and induces its expression. The overexpression of S100P increased proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and significantly induced liver metastasis in vivo. S100P expression was significantly elevated in metachronously metastasising CRC and was associated with shorter metastasis-free survival. Conclusions We identified S100P as a transcriptional target gene of MACC1. Expression of S100P increases the metastatic potential of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, and serves as a prognostic biomarker for metastasis-free survival of CRC patients, emphasising novel therapeutic interventions targeting S100P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Schmid
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dahlmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Röhrich
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susen Burock
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Invalidenstraße 80, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Xu B, Liu L, Song G. Functions and Regulation of Translation Elongation Factors. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:816398. [PMID: 35127825 PMCID: PMC8807479 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.816398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation is a key step of protein synthesis, during which the nascent polypeptide chain extends by one amino acid residue during one elongation cycle. More and more data revealed that the elongation is a key regulatory node for translational control in health and disease. During elongation, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu, eEF1A in eukaryotes) is used to deliver aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) to the A-site of the ribosome, and elongation factor G (EF-G, EF2 in eukaryotes and archaea) is used to facilitate the translocation of the tRNA2-mRNA complex on the ribosome. Other elongation factors, such as EF-Ts/eEF1B, EF-P/eIF5A, EF4, eEF3, SelB/EFsec, TetO/Tet(M), RelA and BipA, have been found to affect the overall rate of elongation. Here, we made a systematic review on the canonical and non-canonical functions and regulation of these elongation factors. In particular, we discussed the close link between translational factors and human diseases, and clarified how post-translational modifications control the activity of translational factors in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjin Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Benjin Xu, ; Guangtao Song,
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Guangtao Song
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Benjin Xu, ; Guangtao Song,
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4
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Kim N, Gim JA, Lee BJ, Choi BI, Park SB, Yoon HS, Kang SH, Kim SH, Joo MK, Park JJ, Kim C, Kim HK. RNA-sequencing identification and validation of genes differentially expressed in high-risk adenoma, advanced colorectal cancer, and normal controls. Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 21:513-521. [PMID: 34273035 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Distinct gene expression patterns that occur during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence need to be determined to analyze the underlying mechanism in each step of colorectal cancer progression. Elucidation of biomarkers for colorectal polyps that harbor malignancy potential is important for prevention of colorectal cancer. Here, we use RNA sequencing to determine gene expression profile in patients with high-risk adenoma treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection by comparing with gene expression in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and normal controls. We collected 70 samples, which consisted of 27 colorectal polyps, 24 cancer tissues, and 19 normal colorectal mucosa. RNA sequencing was performed on an Illumina platform to select differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between colorectal polyps and cancer, polyps and controls, and cancer and normal controls. The Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) analysis, gene-concept network, GSEA, and a decision tree were used to evaluate the DEGs. We selected the most highly expressed genes in high-risk polyps and validated their expression using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Compared to patients with colorectal cancer, 82 upregulated and 24 downregulated genes were detected in high-risk adenoma. In comparison with normal controls, 33 upregulated and 79 downregulated genes were found in high-risk adenoma. In total, six genes were retrieved as the highest and second highest expressed in advanced polyps and cancers among the three groups. Among the six genes, ANAX3 and CD44 expression in real-time PCR for validation was in good accordance with RNA sequencing. We identified differential expression of mRNAs among high-risk adenoma, advanced colorectal cancer, and normal controls, including that of CD44 and ANXA3, suggesting that this cluster of genes as a marker of high-risk colorectal adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namjoo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jae Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Il Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bin Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sook Yoon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kang
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kyung Joo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungyeul Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Kyeom Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Biomarkers factor into the diagnosis and treatment of almost every patient with cancer. The innovation in proteomics follows improvement of mass spectrometry techniques and data processing strategy. Recently, proteomics and typical biological studies have been the answer for clinical applications. The clinical proteomics techniques are now actively adapted to protein identification in large patient cohort, biomarker development for more sensitive and specific screening based on quantitative data. And, it is important for clinical, translational researchers to be acutely aware of the issues surrounding appropriate biomarker development, in order to facilitate entry of clinically useful biomarkers into the clinic. Here, we discuss in detail include the case research for clinical proteomics. Furthermore, we give an overview on the current developments and novel findings in proteomics-based cancer biomarker research.
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Kuhara K, Kitagawa T, Baron B, Tokuda K, Sakamoto K, Nagano H, Nakamura K, Kobayashi M, Nagayasu H, Kuramitsu Y. Proteomic Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues With Encapsulation Shows Up-regulation of Leucine Aminopeptidase 3 and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 2. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:307-316. [PMID: 33893083 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cancer is the most fatal disease worldwide whose most lethal characteristics are invasion and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. HCC often shows encapsulation, which is related to better prognosis. In this study, proteomic analysis of HCC tissues with and without encapsulation was performed, in order to elucidate the factors which play important roles in encapsulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five HCC tissues surrounded by a capsule and five HCC tissues which broke the capsule were obtained from patients diagnosed with HCC who underwent surgical liver resection. Protein samples from these tissues were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and the protein spots whose expression was different between encapsulated and non-encapsulated HCC tissues were identified through gel imaging analysis software. The selected protein spots were analyzed and identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS Two-DE analysis showed 14 spots whose expression was different between encapsulated and non-encapsulated HCC tissues. Of these, 9 were up-regulated and 5 were down-regulated in HCC tissues without encapsulation. The validation by Western blot confirmed that leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mitochondrial (PCK2) were up-regulated significantly in HCC tissues with a capsule, compared to HCC tissues that broke the capsule. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that LAP3 and PCK2 could be factors responsible for the maintenance of encapsulation in HCC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kuhara
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Takao Kitagawa
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Kazuhiro Tokuda
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nakamura
- Centre of Clinical Laboratories in Tokuyama Medical Association Hospital, Shunan, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kobayashi
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagayasu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kuramitsu
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan;
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Peterova E, Bures J, Moravkova P, Kohoutova D. Tissue mRNA for S100A4, S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11 and S100P Proteins in Colorectal Neoplasia: A Pilot Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020402. [PMID: 33466593 PMCID: PMC7828666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal carcinoma through different mechanisms. The aim of our study was to assess tissue mRNA encoding S100 proteins in patients with non-advanced and advanced colorectal adenoma. Mucosal biopsies were taken from the caecum, transverse colon and rectum during diagnostic and/or therapeutic colonoscopy. Another biopsy was obtained from adenomatous tissue in the advanced adenoma group. The tissue mRNA for each S100 protein (S100A4, S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11 and S100P) was investigated. Eighteen biopsies were obtained from the healthy mucosa in controls and the non-advanced adenoma group (six individuals in each group) and thirty biopsies in the advanced adenoma group (ten patients). Nine biopsies were obtained from advanced adenoma tissue (9/10 patients). Significant differences in mRNA investigated in the healthy mucosa were identified between (1) controls and the advanced adenoma group for S100A6 (p = 0.012), (2) controls and the non-advanced adenoma group for S100A8 (p = 0.033) and (3) controls and the advanced adenoma group for S100A11 (p = 0.005). In the advanced adenoma group, differences between the healthy mucosa and adenomatous tissue were found in S100A6 (p = 0.002), S100A8 (p = 0.002), S100A9 (p = 0.021) and S100A11 (p = 0.029). Abnormal mRNA expression for different S100 proteins was identified in the pathological adenomatous tissue as well as in the morphologically normal large intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Peterova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine–Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (P.M.); (D.K.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Simkova 870, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bures
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine–Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (P.M.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-834-240
| | - Paula Moravkova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine–Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (P.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Darina Kohoutova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine–Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.P.); (P.M.); (D.K.)
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, Chelsea, London SW3 6JJ, UK
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8
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Schmidt S, Denk S, Wiegering A. Targeting Protein Synthesis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051298. [PMID: 32455578 PMCID: PMC7281195 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, protein synthesis controls cell growth and survival and is strictly regulated. Deregulation of protein synthesis is a frequent event in cancer. The majority of mutations found in colorectal cancer (CRC), including alterations in the WNT pathway as well as activation of RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT and, subsequently, mTOR signaling, lead to deregulation of the translational machinery. Besides mutations in upstream signaling pathways, deregulation of global protein synthesis occurs through additional mechanisms including altered expression or activity of initiation and elongation factors (e.g., eIF4F, eIF2α/eIF2B, eEF2) as well as upregulation of components involved in ribosome biogenesis and factors that control the adaptation of translation in response to stress (e.g., GCN2). Therefore, influencing mechanisms that control mRNA translation may open a therapeutic window for CRC. Over the last decade, several potential therapeutic strategies targeting these alterations have been investigated and have shown promising results in cell lines, intestinal organoids, and mouse models. Despite these encouraging in vitro results, patients have not clinically benefited from those advances so far. In this review, we outline the mechanisms that lead to deregulated mRNA translation in CRC and highlight recent progress that has been made in developing therapeutic strategies that target these mechanisms for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (S.D.)
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Denk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (S.D.)
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Armin Wiegering
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (S.D.)
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-931-20138714
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9
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López-Sánchez LM, Jiménez-Izquierdo R, Peñarando J, Mena R, Guil-Luna S, Toledano M, Conde F, Villar C, Díaz C, Ortea I, De la Haba-Rodríguez JR, Aranda E, Rodríguez-Ariza A. SWATH-based proteomics reveals processes associated with immune evasion and metastasis in poor prognosis colorectal tumours. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8219-8232. [PMID: 31560832 PMCID: PMC6850959 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly emerged proteomic methodologies, particularly data‐independent acquisition (DIA) analysis–related approaches, would improve current gene expression–based classifications of colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, this study was aimed to identify protein expression signatures using SWATH‐MS DIA and targeted data extraction, to aid in the classification of molecular subtypes of CRC and advance in the diagnosis and development of new drugs. For this purpose, 40 human CRC samples and 7 samples of healthy tissue were subjected to proteomic and bioinformatic analysis. The proteomic analysis identified three different molecular CRC subtypes: P1, P2 and P3. Significantly, P3 subtype showed high agreement with the mesenchymal/stem‐like subtype defined by gene expression signatures and characterized by poor prognosis and survival. The P3 subtype was characterized by decreased expression of ribosomal proteins, the spliceosome, and histone deacetylase 2, as well as increased expression of osteopontin, SERPINA 1 and SERPINA 3, and proteins involved in wound healing, acute inflammation and complement pathway. This was also confirmed by immunodetection and gene expression analyses. Our results show that these tumours are characterized by altered expression of proteins involved in biological processes associated with immune evasion and metastasis, suggesting new therapeutic options in the treatment of this aggressive type of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M López-Sánchez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jon Peñarando
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Mena
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Silvia Guil-Luna
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Toledano
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Conde
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Villar
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - César Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ortea
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan R De la Haba-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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10
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Usami T, Fujioka T, Yoshida A, Miyaue H, Yasuoka T, Uchikura Y, Takagi K, Matsubara Y, Matsumoto T, Matsubara K, Sugiyama T. Assessment of laparoscopic training for gynecological malignancies using Thiel-embalmed human cadavers. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:511-514. [PMID: 30345045 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of laparoscopic surgery has also been beneficial for patients with gynecological malignancies. In this respect, surgeons should receive related training in the context of human resource development. Hands-on training was introduced using Thiel-embalmed human cadavers (THCs) in 2014. To determine the usefulness of THCs, they were evaluated in terms of tissue color, consistency and operative tactility, among others, compared with in vivo laparoscopic training for gynecological malignancies. Hands-on training sessions using THCs were held for a total of 11 times at Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine between March 2014 and October 2017. Training on THCs included advanced laparoscopic procedures for radical hysterectomy type III. At the end of each training session, data were collected using a standardized, anonymous questionnaire termed the Likert scale. THCs ensured flexibility and plasticity of tissues and organs; therefore, the working space was similar to that in the living body under pneumoperitoneum. After analyzing the quality and consistency of tissue and organ color compared with in vivo conditions, most of the participants agreed or strongly agreed regarding the uterus, adnexa and ureter, but not regarding the large blood vessels. The highest scores were observed in the authenticity of the anatomical condition of each organ. Most participants strongly agreed that training using THCs would help improve their laparoscopic skills with a high level of satisfaction. Furthermore, most participants reported that they would recommend this training to other obstetrician-gynecologists. Laparoscopic training for gynecological malignancies using THCs was comparable to the in vivo conditions in terms of surgical view and operative tactility. Therefore, THCs may be an excellent training tool for improving laparoscopic surgical skills for gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Usami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Toru Fujioka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hitomi Miyaue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yasuoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yuka Uchikura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuko Takagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yuko Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Keiichi Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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11
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Lee PY, Chin SF, Low TY, Jamal R. Probing the colorectal cancer proteome for biomarkers: Current status and perspectives. J Proteomics 2018; 187:93-105. [PMID: 29953962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Biomarkers that can facilitate better clinical management of CRC are in high demand to improve patient outcome and to reduce mortality. In this regard, proteomic analysis holds a promising prospect in the hunt of novel biomarkers for CRC and in understanding the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. This review aims to provide an overview of the current progress of proteomic research, focusing on discovery and validation of diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. We will summarize the contributions of proteomic strategies to recent discoveries of protein biomarkers for CRC and also briefly discuss the potential and challenges of different proteomic approaches in biomarker discovery and translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pey Yee Lee
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Siok-Fong Chin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Yang Q, Roehrl MH, Wang JY. Proteomic profiling of antibody-inducing immunogens in tumor tissue identifies PSMA1, LAP3, ANXA3, and maspin as colon cancer markers. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3996-4019. [PMID: 29423100 PMCID: PMC5790517 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that cancer tissue immunogens - antigens capable of inducing specific antibody production in patients - are promising targets for development of precision diagnostics and humoral immunotherapies. We developed an innovative immuno-proteomic strategy and identified new immunogenic markers of colon cancer. Proteins from cancers and matched normal tissues were separated by 2D gel electrophoresis and blotted with serum antibodies from the same patients. Antibody-reactive proteins were sequenced by mass spectrometry and validated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. 170 serum antibody-reactive proteins were identified only in cancerous but not matched normal. Among these, proteasome subunit alpha type 1 (PSA1), leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3), annexin A3 (ANXA3), and maspin (serpin B5) were reproducibly found in tissues from three patients. Differential expression patterns were confirmed in samples from eight patients with various stages of colon adenocarcinoma and liver metastases. These tumor-resident proteins and/or their associated serum antibodies may be promising markers for colon cancer screening and early diagnosis. Furthermore, tumor tissue-specific antibodies could potentially be exploited as immunotherapeutic targets against cancer. More generally, proteomic profiling of antibody-inducing cancer-associated immunogens represents a powerful generic method for uncovering the tumor antigen-ome, i.e., the totality of immunogenic tumor-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael H Roehrl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia Y Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Curandis, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Ali MU, Ur Rahman MS, Jia Z, Jiang C. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors and cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317709805. [PMID: 28653885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317709805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advancements have shown tremendous mechanistic accomplishments in our understanding of the mechanism of messenger RNA translation in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic messenger RNA translation is very complex process that includes four phases (initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling) and diverse mechanisms involving protein and non-protein molecules. Translation regulation is principally achieved during initiation step of translation, which is organized by multiple eukaryotic translation initiation factors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor proteins help in stabilizing the formation of the functional ribosome around the start codon and provide regulatory mechanisms in translation initiation. Dysregulated messenger RNA translation is a common feature of tumorigenesis. Various oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes affect/are affected by the translation machinery, making the components of the translation apparatus promising therapeutic targets for the novel anticancer drug. This review provides details on the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in messenger RNA translation initiation, their contribution to onset and progression of tumor, and how dysregulated eukaryotic translation initiation factors can be used as a target to treat carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ali
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- 2 Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cao Jiang
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Zhou T, Li Y, Yang L, Liu L, Ju Y, Li C. Silencing of ANXA3 expression by RNA interference inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:388-398. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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Role of S100 Proteins in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016; 2016:2632703. [PMID: 26880885 PMCID: PMC4736765 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2632703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of S100 proteins represents 25 relatively small (9-13 kD) calcium binding proteins. These proteins possess a broad spectrum of important intracellular and extracellular functions. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men (after lung and prostate cancer) and the second most frequent cancer in women (after breast cancer) worldwide. S100 proteins are involved in the colorectal carcinogenesis through different mechanisms: they enable proliferation, invasion, and migration of the tumour cells; furthermore, S100 proteins increase angiogenesis and activate NF-κβ signaling pathway, which plays a key role in the molecular pathogenesis especially of colitis-associated carcinoma. The expression of S100 proteins in the cancerous tissue and serum levels of S100 proteins might be used as a precise diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with suspected or already diagnosed colorectal neoplasia. Possibly, in the future, S100 proteins will be a therapeutic target for tailored anticancer therapy.
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16
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Mathews MB, Hershey JWB. The translation factor eIF5A and human cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1849:836-44. [PMID: 25979826 PMCID: PMC4732523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The eukaryotic initiation factor eIF5A is a translation factor that, unusually, has been assigned functions in both initiation and elongation. Additionally, it is implicated in transcription, mRNA turnover and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Two eIF5A isoforms are generated from distinct but related genes. The major isoform, eIF5A1, is considered constitutive, is abundantly expressed in most cells, and is essential for cell proliferation. The second isoform, eIF5A2, is expressed in few normal tissues but is highly expressed in many cancers and has been designated a candidate oncogene. Elevated expression of either isoform carries unfavorable prognostic implications for several cancers, and both have been advanced as cancer biomarkers. The amino acid hypusine, a presumptively unique eIF5A post-translational modification, is required for most known eIF5A functions and it renders eIF5A susceptible to inhibitors of the modification pathway as therapeutic targets. eIF5A has been shown to regulate a number of gene products specifically, termed the eIF5A regulon, and its role in translating proline-rich sequences has recently been identified. A model is advanced that accommodates eIF5A in both the initiation and elongation phases of translation. We review here the biochemical functions of eIF5A, the relationship of its isoforms with human cancer, and evolving clinical applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translation and Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Mathews
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - John W B Hershey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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17
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Chiang JM, Tan R, Wang JY, Chen JS, Lee YS, Hsieh PS, Changchien CR, Chen JR. S100P, a calcium-binding protein, is preferentially associated with the growth of polypoid tumors in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:675-83. [PMID: 25585623 PMCID: PMC4314409 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with distinct morphological patterns. It has been shown that polypoid and ulcerative CRC displays different genetic alterations. In the present study, we aimed to investigate genes with differential expression patterns between ulcerative and polypoid CRC. cDNA microarray analysis was performed to compare the gene expression profiles in samples of ulcerative and polypoid CRC with paired normal mucosa samples. Potential candidate genes were further validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression was investigated using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). cDNA microarray analysis identified 11 upregulated and 14 downregulated genes which were differentially expressed in samples from both tumor types compared to the matched normal mucosa samples. Among these, S100P was the only upregulated gene preferentially associated with polypoid CRC (P=0.032). The samples of polypoid CRC displayed significantly higher S100P protein and mRNA expression levels than the samples of ulcerative CRC (P<0.05, respectively). Using semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analyses, S100P overexpression was found to be preferentially associated with polypoid CRC (24/30 vs. 14/40, P<0.001). The relative methylation level determined by MSP did not differ significantly between the samples of polypoid and ulcerative CRC (43.36 vs. 49.10%, P=0.168), indicating that promoter hypomethylation was not directly related to the upregulation of S100P mRNA. Our results demonstrate that the upregulation of S100P mRNA and protein expression is a predominant characteristic in polypoid CRC, whereas ulcerative CRC presents with a wide range of expression levels, indicating that S100P overexpression is not a key determinant in conferring invasion properties. The clinicopathological significance of S100P in CRC requires further investigation in well-controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jy-Ming Chiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Reping Tan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jen-Yi Wang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jinn-Shium Chen
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pao-Shiu Hsieh
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung Rong Changchien
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jim-Ray Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
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18
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Shang Y, Zhao X, Tian B, Wang Y, Ren F, Jia B, Zhai Y, Chen W, He D, Chang Z. CHIP/Stub1 interacts with eIF5A and mediates its degradation. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1098-104. [PMID: 24509416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
eIF5A, containing the unusual amino acid hypusine, is a highly conserved protein essential for the proliferation of eukaryotic cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that the activity of eIF5A was regulated through modification of hypusine, phosphorylation and acetylation. However, no study was documented for regulation of the protein stability. Here, we report that eIF5A is a target of CHIP (the carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein, also named Stub1), an E3 ligase with a U-box domain, through a proteomics analysis. CHIP directly interacted with eIF5A, preferably through the U-box domain, to mediate eIF5A ubiquitination and degradation. Simultaneously, we investigated that CHIP expression inversely correlated with eIF5A levels in colorectal cancers, consistent with the fact that the protein level of eIF5A was increased in the CHIP knock-out MEF cells. Taken together, we propose that CHIP regulates the eIF5A protein stability via a protein degradation mechanism. This study provides a new insight into understanding the regulation of the eIF5A stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shang
- The Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xinghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi, Xianyang 712083, China
| | - Yinyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Baoqing Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yonggong Zhai
- The Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dacheng He
- The Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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19
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Muñiz Lino MA, Palacios-Rodríguez Y, Rodríguez-Cuevas S, Bautista-Piña V, Marchat LA, Ruíz-García E, Astudillo-de la Vega H, González-Santiago AE, Flores-Pérez A, Díaz-Chávez J, Carlos-Reyes Á, Álvarez-Sánchez E, López-Camarillo C. Comparative proteomic profiling of triple-negative breast cancer reveals that up-regulation of RhoGDI-2 is associated to the inhibition of caspase 3 and caspase 9. J Proteomics 2014; 111:198-211. [PMID: 24768906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There are no targeted therapeutic modalities for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), thus it is associated with poor prognosis and worst clinical outcome. Here, our aim was to identify deregulated proteins in TNBC with potential therapeutic applications. Proteomics profiling of TNBC and normal breast tissues through two-dimensional electrophoresis and ESI-MS/MS mass spectrometry revealed the existence of 16 proteins (RhoGDI-2, HSP27, SOD1, DJ1, UBE2N, PSME1, FTL, SH3BGRL, and eIF5A-1) with increased abundance in carcinomas. We also evidenced for the first time the deregulation of COX5, MTPN and DB1 proteins in TNBC that may represent novel tumor markers. Particularly, we confirmed the overexpression of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI-2) in distinct breast cancer subtypes, as well as in metastatic cell lines derived from lung, prostate, and breast cancer. Remarkably, targeted disruption of RhoGDI-2 by RNA interference induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and facilitated caspase-3 and -9 activation in two breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, suppression of RhoGDI-2 resulted in a robust sensitization of breast cancer cells to cisplatin therapy. In conclusion, we identified novel proteins deregulated in TNBC, and confirmed the overexpression of RhoGDI-2. We propose that RhoGDI-2 inhibition may be exploited as a potential therapeutic strategy along cisplatin-based chemotherapy in breast cancer. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE There are no useful biomarkers neither targeted therapeutic modalities for triple-negative breast cancer, which highly contributes to the poor prognosis of this breast cancer subtype. In this work, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis and ESI-MS/MS spectrometry to identify novel deregulated proteins in breast cancer tissues. Particularly, our results showed that RhoGDI-2, a protein that has been associated to metastasis and poor survival in human cancers, is overexpressed in different subtypes of breast tumors, as well as in metastatic cell lines derived from lung, prostate, and breast cancer. Our data also provided novel insights about the role of RhoGDI-2 in apoptosis through intrinsic pathway inhibition. Importantly, they suggested that targeted modulation of RhoGDI-2 levels might be a useful strategy for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A Muñiz Lino
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Laurence A Marchat
- Molecular Biomedicine Program and Biotechnology Network, National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, National Institute of Cancerology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research and Cellular Therapy, Oncology Hospital, Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ali Flores-Pérez
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Carcinogenesis Laboratory, National Institute of Cancerology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Lung Cancer Laboratory, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico.
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20
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Rossi AFT, Duarte MC, Poltronieri AB, Valsechi MC, Jorge YC, de-Santi Neto D, Rahal P, Oliani SM, Silva AE. Deregulation of annexin-A1 and galectin-1 expression in precancerous gastric lesions: intestinal metaplasia and gastric ulcer. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:478138. [PMID: 24719523 PMCID: PMC3955591 DOI: 10.1155/2014/478138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Annexin-A1 (ANXA1/AnxA1) and galectin-1 (LGALS1/Gal-1) are mediators that play an important role in the inflammatory response and are also associated with carcinogenesis. We investigated mRNA and protein expression in precancerous gastric lesions that participate in the progression cascade to gastric cancer, such as intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric ulcer (GU). METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the relative quantification levels (RQ) of ANXA1 and LGALS1 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS Increased relative expression levels of ANXA1 were found in 100% of cases, both in IM (mean RQ = 6.22 ± 0.06) and in GU (mean RQ = 6.69 ± 0.10). However, the LGALS1 presented basal expression in both groups (IM: mean RQ = 0.35 ± 0.07; GU: mean RQ = 0.69 ± 0.09). Immunohistochemistry revealed significant positive staining for both the AnxA1 and Gal-1 proteins in the epithelial nucleus and cytoplasm as well as in the stroma of the IM and GU groups (P < 0.05) but absence or low immunorectivity in normal mucosa. CONCLUSION Our results bring an important contribution by evidencing that both the AnxA1 and Gal-1 anti-inflammatory proteins are deregulated in precancerous gastric lesions, suggesting their involvement in the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis, possibly due to an inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Teixeira Rossi
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Duarte
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayla Blanco Poltronieri
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Curado Valsechi
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Yvana Cristina Jorge
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Dalísio de-Santi Neto
- Legal Medicine Department and Pathology Service, Hospital de Base, Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5544, 15090-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Rahal
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia Maria Oliani
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Elizabete Silva
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Uzozie A, Nanni P, Staiano T, Grossmann J, Barkow-Oesterreicher S, Shay JW, Tiwari A, Buffoli F, Laczko E, Marra G. Sorbitol dehydrogenase overexpression and other aspects of dysregulated protein expression in human precancerous colorectal neoplasms: a quantitative proteomics study. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:1198-218. [PMID: 24567419 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.035105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenomas are cancer precursor lesions of the large bowel. A multitude of genomic and epigenomic changes have been documented in these preinvasive lesions, but their impact on the protein effectors of biological function has not been comprehensively explored. Using shotgun quantitative MS, we exhaustively investigated the proteome of 30 colorectal adenomas and paired samples of normal mucosa. Total protein extracts were prepared from these tissues (prospectively collected during colonoscopy) and from normal (HCEC) and cancerous (SW480, SW620, Caco2, HT29, CX1) colon epithelial cell lines. Peptides were labeled with isobaric tags (iTRAQ 8-plex), separated via OFFGEL electrophoresis, and analyzed by means of LC-MS/MS. Nonredundant protein families (4325 in tissues, 2017 in cell lines) were identified and quantified. Principal component analysis of the results clearly distinguished adenomas from normal mucosal samples and cancer cell lines from HCEC cells. Two hundred and twelve proteins displayed significant adenoma-related expression changes (q-value < 0.02, mean fold change versus normal mucosa ±1.4), which correlated (r = 0.74) with similar changes previously identified by our group at the transcriptome level. Fifty-one (∼25%) proteins displayed directionally similar expression changes in colorectal cancer cells (versus HCEC cells) and were therefore attributed to the epithelial component of adenomas. Although benign, adenomas already exhibited cancer-associated proteomic changes: 69 (91%) of the 76 protein up-regulations identified in these lesions have already been reported in cancers. One of the most striking changes involved sorbitol dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the polyol pathway. Validation studies revealed dramatically increased sorbitol dehydrogenase concentrations and activity in adenomas and cancer cell lines, along with important changes in the expression of other enzymes in the same (AKR1B1) and related (KHK) pathways. Dysregulated polyol metabolism might represent a novel facet of metabolome remodeling associated with tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuli Uzozie
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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22
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Luo Y, Wang L, Wang J. Developing proteomics-based biomarkers for colorectal neoplasms for clinical practice: opportunities and challenges. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 7:30-41. [PMID: 23255431 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises from the normal colon epithelium through the accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations that are associated with progression along the histological adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence. Elucidating the molecular alterations underlying disease progression will not only provide insight into the behavior of the tumors, but also could lead to the discovery of useful biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring treatment responsiveness, or predicting disease outcomes. In the past a few years, there have been several evaluating differentially expressed protein biomarkers by employing proteomics technologies coupled with mass spectrometry. In the current review, we will briefly summarize the results from selected recent studies using tissue or serum samples from CRC patients in the past 5 years and discuss the opportunities and challenges in translating these findings from the research setting to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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23
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Duarte S, Momier D, Baqué P, Casanova V, Loubat A, Samson M, Guigonis JM, Staccini P, Saint-Paul MC, De Lima MP, Carle GF, Pierrefite-Carle V. Preventive cancer stem cell-based vaccination reduces liver metastasis development in a rat colon carcinoma syngeneic model. Stem Cells 2014. [PMID: 23193035 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a minor population of self-renewing cancer cells that fuel tumor growth. As CSCs are generally spared by conventional treatments, this population is likely to be responsible for relapses that are observed in most cancers. In this work, we analyzed the preventive efficiency of a CSC-based vaccine on the development of liver metastasis from colon cancer in a syngeneic rat model. We isolated a CSC-enriched population from the rat PROb colon carcinoma cell line on the basis of the expression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) marker. Comparative analysis of vaccines containing lysates of PROb or ALDH(high) cells by mass spectrometry identifies four proteins specifically expressed in the CSC subpopulation. The expression of two of them (heat shock protein 27-kDa and aldose reductase) is already known to be associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis in colon cancer. Preventive intraperitoneal administration of vaccines was then performed before the intrahepatic injection of PROb cancer cells. While no significant difference in tumor occurrence was observed between control and PROb-vaccinated groups, 50% of the CSC-based vaccinated animals became resistant to tumor development. In addition, CSC-based vaccination induced a 99.5% reduction in tumor volume compared to the control group. To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first work analyzing the potential of a CSC-based vaccination to prevent liver metastasis development. Our data demonstrate that a CSC-based vaccine reduces efficiently both tumor volume and occurrence in a rat colon carcinoma syngeneic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Tissue biomarkers of breast cancer and their association with conventional pathologic features. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:351-60. [PMID: 23299531 PMCID: PMC3566809 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tissue protein expression profiling has the potential to detect new biomarkers to improve breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, staging, and prognostication. This study aimed to identify tissue proteins that differentiate breast cancer tissue from healthy breast tissue using protein chip mass spectrometry and to examine associations with conventional pathological features. Methods: To develop a training model, 82 BC and 82 adjacent unaffected tissue (AT) samples were analysed on cation-exchange protein chips by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For validation, 89 independent BC and AT sample pairs were analysed. Results: From the protein peaks that were differentially expressed between BC and AT by univariate analysis, binary logistic regression yielded two peaks that together classified BC and AT with a ROC area under the curve of 0.92. Two proteins, ubiquitin and S100P (in a novel truncated form), were identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and validated by immunoblotting and reactive-surface protein chip immunocapture. The combined marker panel was positively associated with high histologic grade, larger tumour size, lymphovascular invasion, ER and PR positivity, and HER2 overexpression, suggesting that it may be associated with a HER2-enriched molecular subtype of breast cancer. Conclusion: This independently validated protein panel may be valuable in the classification and prognostication of breast cancer patients.
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Caraglia M, Park MH, Wolff EC, Marra M, Abbruzzese A. eIF5A isoforms and cancer: two brothers for two functions? Amino Acids 2013; 44:103-9. [PMID: 22139412 PMCID: PMC3536922 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is the only cellular protein that contains the unusual amino acid hypusine [N(ε)-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine]. The role of hypusine formation in the eIF5A protein in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis is addressed in the present review. Moreover, vertebrates carry two genes that encode two eIF5A isoforms, eIF5A-1 and eIF5A-2, which, in humans, are 84% identical. However, the biological functions of these two isoforms may be significantly different. In fact, eIF5A-1 is demonstrable in most cells of different histogenesis, whereas eIF5A-2 protein is detectable only in certain human cancer cells or tissues, suggesting its role as a potential oncogene. In this review we focus our attention on the involvement of eIF5A-1 in the triggering of an apoptotic program and in the regulation of cell proliferation. In addition, the potential oncogenic role and prognostic significance of eIF5A-2 in the prediction of the survival of cancer patients is described. eIF5A-1 and/or the eIF5A-2 isoform may serve as a new molecular diagnostic or prognostic marker or as a molecular target for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Second University of Naples, Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Peng Y, Li X, Wu M, Yang J, Liu M, Zhang W, Xiang B, Wang X, Li X, Li G, Shen S. New prognosis biomarkers identified by dynamic proteomic analysis of colorectal cancer. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2012; 8:3077-88. [PMID: 22996014 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25286d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The initiation, promotion and progression of human cancer are complex, polygenic, multi-factored processes. Through systematic proteomic analysis, different stages of CRC (colorectal cancer) biopsies were examined, and 199 differentially expressed proteins were detected between TNM (the tumor, nodes, and metastasis) stages I-IV and normal tissue (One-Way Analysis of Variance, ANOVA; p≤ 0.05). Instead of looking for biomarkers to distinguish CRC from normal or identify metastatic tumors, we focused on the variation tendency of CRC carcinogenesis and the dynamic expression patterns of proteins among the different stages. Som (self-organizing map clustering) analysis revealed eight unique expression patterns and that the cancer-related proteins were dynamically expressed, and their expression levels changed continuously throughout tumorigenesis. Molecular evidence emerged much earlier than visible, clinical or histological changes, which shows the potential prospect of building molecular staging. Proteins identified by MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) were mainly involved in energy metabolism, acetylation and signaling pathways. Validation experiments using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) agreed with the 2D-DIGE (two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis) data. After survival classifier and LOOCV (leave-one-out cross-validation) analyses, the new prognostic biomarkers (78 kDa Glucose-Regulated Protein precursor (GRP78), Fructose-bisphosphate Aldolase A (ALDOA), Carbonic Anhydrase I (CA1) and Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A or Cyclophilin A (PPIA)) provided good survival prediction for TNM stage I-IV patients. The new biomarkers derived from the dynamic patterns of these proteins' expression provide is a good supplementary method for determining prognosis for CRC, especially for the TNM stage III and IV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Peng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
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Preukschas M, Hagel C, Schulte A, Weber K, Lamszus K, Sievert H, Pällmann N, Bokemeyer C, Hauber J, Braig M, Balabanov S. Expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A and hypusine forming enzymes in glioblastoma patient samples: implications for new targeted therapies. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43468. [PMID: 22927971 PMCID: PMC3424167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly aggressive brain tumors of adults with poor clinical outcome. Despite a broad range of new and more specific treatment strategies, therapy of glioblastomas remains challenging and tumors relapse in all cases. Recent work demonstrated that the posttranslational hypusine modification of the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) is a crucial regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation and an important factor in tumor formation, progression and maintenance. Here we report that eIF-5A as well as the hypusine-forming enzymes deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH) are highly overexpressed in glioblastoma patient samples. Importantly, targeting eIF-5A and its hypusine modification with GC7, a specific DHS-inhibitor, showed a strong antiproliferative effect in glioblastoma cell lines in vitro, while normal human astrocytes were not affected. Furthermore, we identified p53 dependent premature senescence, a permanent cell cycle arrest, as the primary outcome in U87-MG cells after treatment with GC7. Strikingly, combined treatment with clinically relevant alkylating agents and GC7 had an additive antiproliferative effect in glioblastoma cell lines. In addition, stable knockdown of eIF-5A and DHS by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) could mimic the antiproliferative effects of GC7. These findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of eIF-5A may represent a novel concept to treat glioblastomas and may help to substantially improve the clinical course of this tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Preukschas
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Schulte
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Weber
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Clinic for Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Sievert
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nora Pällmann
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Hauber
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute – Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Braig
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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28
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Meding S, Balluff B, Elsner M, Schöne C, Rauser S, Nitsche U, Maak M, Schäfer A, Hauck SM, Ueffing M, Langer R, Höfler H, Friess H, Rosenberg R, Walch A. Tissue-based proteomics reveals FXYD3, S100A11 and GSTM3 as novel markers for regional lymph node metastasis in colon cancer. J Pathol 2012; 228:459-70. [PMID: 22430872 DOI: 10.1002/path.4021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Regional lymph node metastasis negatively affects prognosis in colon cancer patients. The molecular processes leading to regional lymph node metastasis are only partially understood and proteomic markers for metastasis are still scarce. Therefore, a tissue-based proteomic approach was undertaken for identifying proteins associated with regional lymph node metastasis. Two complementary tissue-based proteomic methods have been employed. MALDI imaging was used for identifying small proteins (≤25 kDa) in situ and label-free quantitative proteomics was used for identifying larger proteins. A tissue cohort comprising primary colon tumours without metastasis (UICC II, pN0, n = 21) and with lymph node metastasis (UICC III, pN2, n = 33) was analysed. Subsequent validation of identified proteins was done by immunohistochemical staining on an independent tissue cohort consisting of primary colon tumour specimens (n = 168). MALDI imaging yielded ten discriminating m/z species, and label-free quantitative proteomics 28 proteins. Two MALDI imaging-derived candidate proteins (FXYD3 and S100A11) and one from the label-free quantitative proteomics (GSTM3) were validated on the independent tissue cohort. All three markers correlated significantly with regional lymph node metastasis: FXYD3 (p = 0.0110), S100A11 (p = 0.0071), and GSTM3 (p = 0.0173). FXYD3 and S100A11 were more highly expressed in UICC II patient tumour tissues. GSTM3 was more highly expressed in UICC III patient tumour tissues. By our tissue-based proteomic approach, we could identify a large panel of proteins which are associated with regional lymph node metastasis and which have not been described so far. Here we show that novel markers for regional lymph metastasis can be identified by MALDI imaging or label-free quantitative proteomics and subsequently validated on an independent tissue cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Meding
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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29
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Kaiser A. Translational control of eIF5A in various diseases. Amino Acids 2012; 42:679-84. [PMID: 21818564 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Translational control is a crucial component in the development and progression of different diseases. Translational control may involve selective translation of specific mRNAs, which promote cell proliferation or lead to alterations in translation factor levels and activities. Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is the only known protein to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine [N (ε)-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], which is formed from the polyamine spermidine by two catalytic steps. eIF5A is involved in translation, elongation and stimulating peptide bond formation. Hypusination of eIF5A is essential for its activity in promoting cell proliferation. Meanwhile, there is evidence that eIF5A is a key protein in the pathogenicity of different diseases, such as diabetes, several human cancers, malaria and HIV-1 infections. Hitherto, the available data suggest that eIF5A has a role of a cell context-dependent function being more proliferative in the case of several human cancers and being involved under stress conditions in diabetes. Secondly, in HIV-1 infections and in diabetes, eIF5A also has a nuclear function by its sequence-specific binding of mRNAs as an mRNA-shuttle in conjunction with nuclear membrane export proteins. This binding may also influence the half-lives of mRNAs or their sequestration. Based on these data, there is a considerable therapeutic interest in eIF5A as a selective target for drug development through inhibition of hypusination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Kaiser
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Pharmazeutische Chemie, University of Applied Sciences, Cologne, Betzdorfer Str.2, 50679, Cologne, Germany.
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30
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Implications of the Use of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A (eIF5A) for Prognosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Hepatol 2012; 2012:760928. [PMID: 23029619 PMCID: PMC3458302 DOI: 10.1155/2012/760928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver malignancy and accounts for most of the total liver cancer cases. Lack of treatment options and late diagnosis contribute to high mortality rate of HCC. In eukaryotes, translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein is a key process in protein biosynthesis in which initiation of translation involves interaction of different eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs), ribosome subunits and mRNAs. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is one of the eIFs involved in translation initiation and eIF5A2, one of its isoforms, is upregulated in various cancers including HCC as a result of chromosomal instability, where it resides. In HCC, eIF5A2 expression is associated with adverse prognosis such as presence of tumor metastasis and venous infiltration. Based on eIF5A2 functional studies, suppressing eIF5A2 expression by short interfering RNA alleviates the tumorigenic properties of HCC cells in vitro while ectopic expression of eIF5A2 enhances the aggressiveness of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, eIF5A2 is a potential prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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31
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Zhang J, Song MQ, Zhu JS, Zhou Z, Xu ZP, Chen WX, Chen NW. Identification of Differentially-Expressed Proteins between Early Submucosal Non-Invasive and Invasive Colorectal Cancer Using 2D-DIGE and Mass Spectrometry. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 24:849-59. [PMID: 22230392 DOI: 10.1177/039463201102400404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are closely related to a better therapeutic outcome, and the five-year survival rate of early CRC is over 90%. Though endoscopic minimally invasive treatment has become a quick and effective therapy for early CRC, endoscopic biopsies are usually not deep enough to obtain tissues from the submucosal layer and it is difficult to determine whether early CRC has infiltrated into the submucosa. Therefore, in the present study, we constructed tumor models of early submucosal non-invasive CRC (SNICRC) and submucosal invasive CRC (SICRC) in Fischer-344 rats induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The differentially-expressed proteins were analyzed and identified in SNICRC, SICRC and normal control (NC) tissues using highly sensitive two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). Proteomic data revealed 132 protein spots between SNICRC and SICRC, 162 protein spots between SICRC and NC and 154 protein spots between SNICRC and NC which were found differentially expressed. These differential spots were picked, in-gel digested and peptide mass fingerprints were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Finally, five differentially-expressed proteins in SNICRC, SICRC and NC were identified, and increases in Transgelin, peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA) and tropomyosin alpha isoform d were observed, while decreases in carbonic anhydrase 2 (CAII) and an unnamed protein were detected in SICRC compared with SNICRC and NC. Furthermore, Fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays also revealed significant upregulation of Transgelin expression and down-regulation of CAII expression in SICRC tissues. In conclusion, 2D-DIGE is confirmed to be an efficient strategy that enables us to identify differentially-expressed proteins between early SNICRC and SICRC. The potential biomarkers such as Transgelin and CAII may be used for the detection of early SICRC
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Xiao MB, Jiang F, Ni WK, Chen BY, Lu CH, Li XY, Ni RZ. High expression of S100A11 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an unfavorable prognostic marker. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1886-91. [PMID: 21912994 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
S100A11 is a member of S100 protein family, and our previous study showed that S100A11 is one of the up-regulated proteins that have not been reported to be associated with pancreatic carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between S100A11 expression and the clinicopathological variables and clinical outcome in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed for S100A11 in 78 pairs of specimens of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent nontumorous tissues. The univariate and multivariate survival analyses were also performed to determine its prognostic significance. S100A11 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (62/78) was significantly higher than that in the adjacent nontumorous tissues (19/78) (P = 0.000). High expression of S100A11 was associated with the lymph node metastasis and histological differentiation (P = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that S100A11 expression was associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.0000). Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model indicated that age ≥ 65 years, CA19-9 ≥ 1,000 U/ml and positive S100A11 were independent prognostic indicators of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P = 0.002, 0.004 and 0.001, respectively). These results suggested that S100A11 might be a significant tumor marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and an unfavorable predictor for prognosis of patients who have undergone surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Bing Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Jankova L, Chan C, Fung CLS, Song X, Kwun SY, Cowley MJ, Kaplan W, Dent OF, Bokey EL, Chapuis PH, Baker MS, Robertson GR, Clarke SJ, Molloy MP. Proteomic comparison of colorectal tumours and non-neoplastic mucosa from paired patient samples using iTRAQ mass spectrometry. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:2997-3005. [DOI: 10.1039/c1mb05236e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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34
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BiotecVisions 2010, March-April. Biotechnol J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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