1
|
Wang C, Li C, Duan Z, Wang ZF, Wang QY, Zang SQ. Engineering High-Performance Hypergolic Propellant by Synergistic Contribution of Metal-Organic Framework Shell and Aluminum Core. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310970. [PMID: 38243848 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Hypergolicity is a highly desired characteristic for hybrid rocket engine-based fuels because it eliminates the need for a separate ignition system. Introducing hypergolic additives into conventional fuels through physical mixing is a feasible approach, but achieving highly reliable hypergolic ignition and energy release remains a major challenge. Here, the construction of core-shell Al@metal organic framework (MOF) heterostructures is reported as high-performance solid hypergolic propellants. Upon contact with the liquid oxidizer the uniformly distributed hypergolic MOF (Ag-MOF) shell can induce the ignition of hypergolic-inert fuel Al, resulting in Al combustion. Such a synthetic strategy is demonstrated to be favorable in hotspot generation and heat transfer relative to a simple physical mixture of Al/Ag-MOF, thus producing shorter ignition delay times and more efficient combustion. Thermal reactivity study indicated that the functionalization of the Ag-MOF shell changes the energy release process of the inner Al, which is accompanied by a thermite reaction. The synergistic effect of implantation of hypergolic MOF and high energy Al contributes to high specific impulses of 230-270 s over a wide range of oxidizer-to-fuel ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Science and Technology on Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Shaanxi Applied Physics-Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Cai Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zheng Duan
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zi-Fan Wang
- Zhengzhou Foreign Language School New Fengyang Campus, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qian-You Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Science and Technology on Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Shaanxi Applied Physics-Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pu TL, Wang XY, Sun ZB, Dong XY, Wang QY, Zang SQ. Introducing Carborane Clusters into Crystalline Frameworks via Thiol-Yne Click Chemistry for Energetic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402363. [PMID: 38497318 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Crystalline frameworks represent a cutting-edge frontier in material science, and recently, there has been a surge of interest in energetic crystalline frameworks. However, the well-established porosity often leads to diminished output energy, necessitating a novel approach for performance enhancement. Thiol-yne coupling, a versatile metal-free click reaction, has been underutilized in crystalline frameworks. As a proof of concept, we herein demonstrate the potential of this approach by introducing the energy-rich, size-matched, and reductive 1,2-dicarbadodecaborane-1-thiol (CB-SH) into an acetylene-functionalized framework, Zn(AIm)2, via thiol-yne click reaction. This innovative decoration strategy resulted in a remarkable 46.6 % increase in energy density, a six-fold reduction in ignition delay time (4 ms) with red fuming nitric acid as the oxidizer, and impressive enhancement of stability. Density functional theory calculations were employed to elucidate the mechanism by which CB-SH promotes hypergolic ignition. The thiol-yne click modification strategy presented here permits engineering of crystalline frameworks for the design of advanced energetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Li Pu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xu-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Bing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xi-Yan Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qian-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Molecular Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang C, Wang YJ, He CL, Wang QY, Zang SQ. Assembling Silver Cluster-Based Organic Frameworks for Higher-Performance Hypergolic Properties. JACS AU 2021; 1:2202-2207. [PMID: 34977891 PMCID: PMC8715486 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing research efforts have been focused on developing next-generation propellants. In this work, we demonstrated that assembling zero-dimensional (0D) silver clusters with energetic ligands into 3D metal organic frameworks (MOFs) not only inherited the short ignition delay (ID) time of the alkynyl-silver cluster but also significantly increased the output energy. Among them, the open cationic framework of ZZU-363 incorporating counter NO3 - ions achieved a considerably reduced energy barrier and eventually the shortest ID time (26 ms), together with the highest volumetric energy density (40.4 kJ cm-3) and specific impulse (263.1 s), which is far superior to traditional hydrazine-based propellants. The underlying mechanisms are clearly revealed by theoretical calculations. This work opens a venue to significantly enhancing the hypergolic activity of metal clusters and MOFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ya-Jie Wang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chun-Lin He
- Chongqing
Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of
Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Qian-You Wang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Raut SS, Kamble SP, Kulkarni PS. Improved photocatalytic efficiency of TiO 2 by doping with tungsten and synthesizing in ionic liquid: precise kinetics-mechanism and effect of oxidizing agents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:17532-17545. [PMID: 33400106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of nitroaromatics/toxic energetic compounds contaminated water is a major cause of concern. W-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized in ionic liquid, ethyl methyl imidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM-DCA) by a solvothermal method. The developed NPs were sintered at 500 °C and characterized by UV-Vis-DRS, FT-IR, FE-SEM, XRD, XPS, and BET techniques. The 30-40-nm-sized NPs were subjected to photocatalytic degradation of the toxic energetic compound, tetryl (2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) under UV-Vis light. Various operating parameters such as the effect of concentration of catalyst, pH of feed phase, oxidizing agents, and recycling of catalyst were studied in detail. For the first time, the degradation-mechanism pathway and kinetics of tetryl were evaluated. The degradation products were precisely analyzed by using HPLC, GC-MS, and TOC techniques. The USEPA has prescribed a drinking water limit of 0.02 mg L-1, and it was found that 0.5 g of 4% W-TiO2 could totally degrade tetryl (50 mg L-1) within 8 h. The kinetic rate constant of 4% W-TiO2 was 0.356 h-1, whereas pure TiO2 showed 0.207 h-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh S Raut
- Energy and Environment Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Pune, 411025, India
| | - Sanjay P Kamble
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), CSIR, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Prashant S Kulkarni
- Energy and Environment Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Pune, 411025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Al-Rashed OA, Nazeer AA. Ionic liquids with superior protection for mild steel in acidic media: Effects of anion, cation, and alkyl chain length. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
6
|
Wang Z, Pan G, Wang B, Zhang L, Zhao W, Ma X, Zhang J, Zhang J. Synthesis and Properties of Azide-Functionalized Ionic Liquids as Attractive Hypergolic Fuels. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2122-2128. [PMID: 30950213 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hypergolic ionic liquids (ILs) have shown a great promise as viable replacements for toxic and volatile hydrazine derivatives used as propellant fuels, and hence, have attracted increasing interest over the last decade. To take advantage of the reactivity and high energy density of the azido group, a family of low-cost and easily prepared azide-functionalized cation-based ILs, including fuel-rich anions, such as nitrate, dicyanamide, and nitrocyanamide anions, were synthesized and characterized. All the dicyanamide- and nitrocyanamide-based ILs exhibited spontaneous combustion upon contact with 100 % HNO3 . The densities of these hypergolic ILs varied in the range 1.11-1.29 g cm-3 , and the density-specific impulse, predicted based on Gaussian 09 calculations, was between 289.9 and 344.9 s g cm-3 . The values of these two key physical properties are much higher than those of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). Among the studied compounds, compound IL-3b, that is, 1-(2-azidoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium dicyanamide, shows excellent integrated properties including the lowest viscosity (30.9 M Pa s), wide liquid operating range (-70 to 205 °C), shortest ignition-delay time (7 ms) with 100 % HNO3 , and superior density specific impulse (302.5 s g cm-3 ), suggesting promising applications with potential as bipropellant formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Guangxing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Binshen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Jichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai, 519000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu T, Qi X, Wang B, Jin Y, Yan C, Wang Y, Zhang Q. Rational Design and Facile Synthesis of Boranophosphate Ionic Liquids as Hypergolic Rocket Fuels. Chemistry 2018; 24:10201-10207. [PMID: 29756239 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of new hypergolic ionic liquids (HILs) as replacements for toxic hydrazine derivatives have been the focus of current academic research in the field of liquid bipropellant fuels. In most cases, however, the requirements of excellent ignition performances, good hydrolytic stabilities, and low synthetic costs are often contradictory, which makes the development of high-performance HILs an enormous challenge. Here, we show how a fuel-rich boranophosphate ion was rationally designed and used to synthesize a series of high-performance HILs with excellent comprehensive properties. In the design strategy, we introduced the {BH3 } moiety into the boranophosphate ion for improving the self-ignition property, whereas the complexation of boron and phosphite was used to improve the hydrolytic activity of the borohydride species. As a result, these boranophosphate HILs exhibited wide liquid operating ranges (>220 °C), high densities (1.00-1.10 g cm-3 ), good hydrolytic stabilities, and short ignition delay times (2.3-9.7 milliseconds) with white fuming nitric acid (WFNA) as the oxidizer. More importantly, these boranophosphate HILs could be readily prepared in high yields from commercial phosphite esters, avoiding complex and time-consuming synthetic routes. This work offers an effective strategy of designing boranophosphate HILs towards safer and greener hypergolic fuels for liquid bipropellant applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Liu
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Binshen Wang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Yunhe Jin
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Keshavarz MH, Nazari B, Jafari M, Bakhtiari R. A Simple Approach for Prediction of the Condensed Phase Heat of Formation of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids or Salts. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Behzad Nazari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| | - Reza Bakhtiari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMalek-ashtar University of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Isfahan, I.R. Iran P.O. Box 83145/115
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng B, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu L, Chen S, Zhang S. Azetidinium-based Hypergolic Ionic Liquids with High Strain Energy. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; Beijing 102249 China
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yanqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology; Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Long Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shengli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; Beijing 102249 China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems; Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kuchurov IV, Zharkov MN, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN, Zlotin SG. Prospective Symbiosis of Green Chemistry and Energetic Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3914-3946. [PMID: 28682509 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A global increase in environmental pollution demands the development of new "cleaner" chemical processes. Among urgent improvements, the replacement of traditional hydrocarbon-derived toxic organic solvents with neoteric solvents less harmful for the environment is one of the most vital issues. As a result of the favorable combination of their unique properties, ionic liquids (ILs), dense gases, and supercritical fluids (SCFs) have gained considerable attention as suitable green chemistry media for the preparation and modification of important chemical compounds and materials. In particular, they have a significant potential in a specific and very important area of research associated with the manufacture and processing of high-energy materials (HEMs). These large-scale manufacturing processes, in which hazardous chemicals and extreme conditions are used, produce a huge amount of hard-to-dispose-of waste. Furthermore, they are risky to staff, and any improvements that would reduce the fire and explosion risks of the corresponding processes are highly desirable. In this Review, useful applications of almost nonflammable ILs, dense gases, and SCFs (first of all, CO2 ) for nitration and other reactions used for manufacturing HEMs are considered. Recent advances in the field of energetic (oxygen-balanced and hypergolic) ILs are summarized. Significant attention is paid to the SCF-based micronization techniques, which improve the energetic performance of HEMs through an efficient control of the morphology and particle size distribution of the HEM fine particles, and to useful applications of SCFs in HEM processing that makes them less hazardous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Kuchurov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail N Zharkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid L Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina N Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey G Zlotin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Y, Huang S, Zhang W, Liu T, Qi X, Zhang Q. Nitrato-Functionalized Task-Specific Ionic Liquids as Attractive Hypergolic Rocket Fuels. Chemistry 2017; 23:12502-12509. [PMID: 28580584 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypergolic ionic liquids (HILs) as potential replacements for hydrazine derivatives have attracted increasing interest over the last decade. Previous studies on HILs have mostly concentrated on the anionic innovations of ionic liquids to shorten the ignition delay (ID) time, but little attention has been paid to cationic modifications and their structure-property relationships. In this work, we present a new strategy of cationic functionalization by introducing the energetic nitrato group into the cationic units of HILs. Interestingly, the introduction of oxygen-rich nitrato groups into the cationic structure significantly improved the combustion performance of HILs with larger flame diameters and duration times. The density-specific impulse (ρIsp ) of these novel HILs are all above 279.0 s g cm-3 , much higher than that of UDMH (215.7 s g cm-3 ). In addition, the densities of these HILs are in the range of 1.22-1.39 g cm-3 , which is much higher than that of UDMH (0.79 g cm-3 ), showing their higher loading capacity than hydrazine-derived fuels in a propellant tank. This promising strategy of introducing nitrato groups into the cationic structures has provided a new platform for developing high-performing HILs with improved combustion properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Shi Huang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Wenquan Zhang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang, 621900, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sivaev IB. Nitrogen heterocyclic salts of polyhedral borane anions: from ionic liquids to energetic materials. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-2106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Bhosale VK, Kulkarni PS. Ultrafast igniting, imidazolium based hypergolic ionic liquids with enhanced hydrophobicity. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03233h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exploring ultrafast igniting and hydrolytically stable ionic liquids (ILs) has a wide scope in hypergolic rocket fuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas K. Bhosale
- Energy and Environment Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology
- Deemed University
- Pune-411025
| | - Prashant S. Kulkarni
- Energy and Environment Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology
- Deemed University
- Pune-411025
| |
Collapse
|