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Yang J, Tong C, Qi J, Liao X, Li X, Zhang X, Zhou M, Wang L, Ma C, Xi X, Chen T, Gao Y, Wu D. Engineering and Structural Insights of a Novel BBI-like Protease Inhibitor Livisin from the Frog Skin Secretion. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040273. [PMID: 35448882 PMCID: PMC9030697 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bowman–Birk protease inhibitor (BBI) family is a prototype group found mainly in plants, particularly grasses and legumes, which have been subjected to decades of study. Recently, the discovery of attenuated peptides containing the canonical Bowman–Birk protease inhibitory motif has been detected in the skin secretions of amphibians, mainly from Ranidae family members. The roles of these peptides in amphibian defense have been proposed to work cooperatively with antimicrobial peptides and reduce peptide degradation. A novel trypsin inhibitory peptide, named livisin, was found in the skin secretion of the green cascade frog, Odorrana livida. The cDNA encoding the precursor of livisin was cloned, and the predicted mature peptide was characterized. The mature peptide was found to act as a potent inhibitor against several serine proteases. A comparative activity study among the native peptide and its engineered analogs was performed, and the influence of the P1 and P2′ positions, as well as the C-terminal amidation on the structure–activity relationship for livisin, was illustrated. The findings demonstrated that livisin might serve as a potential drug discovery/development tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (J.Y.); (C.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Chengliang Tong
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (J.Y.); (C.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Junmei Qi
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Q.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoying Liao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (J.Y.); (C.T.); (X.L.)
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Q.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Q.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Q.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mei Zhou
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (M.Z.); (L.W.); (C.M.); (X.X.); (T.C.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (M.Z.); (L.W.); (C.M.); (X.X.); (T.C.)
| | - Chengbang Ma
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (M.Z.); (L.W.); (C.M.); (X.X.); (T.C.)
| | - Xinping Xi
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (M.Z.); (L.W.); (C.M.); (X.X.); (T.C.)
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (M.Z.); (L.W.); (C.M.); (X.X.); (T.C.)
| | - Yitian Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (J.Q.); (X.L.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.W.)
| | - Di Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (J.Y.); (C.T.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.W.)
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Skvortsova P, Valiullina Y, Baranova N, Faizullin D, Zuev Y, Ermakova E. Spectroscopic study of antimicrobial peptides: Structure and functional activity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120273. [PMID: 34425316 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians are a natural source of a large number of peptides with a wide range of functional activities. Here, a complex of spectroscopic methods including NMR-, FTIR-, CD-, and UV-spectroscopy was applied to characterize the structure and functional activity of megin-1, a peptide isolated from amphibian skin. The three-dimensional structure of two forms of the peptide was determined using solution NMR spectroscopy. Thermodynamic characteristics of the process of peptide transformation from linear to cyclic form were obtained. Antibacterial and antimycotic properties of the peptide, as well as its protease inhibitory activities, were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Skvortsova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya Valiullina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Baranova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Dzhigangir Faizullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Yuriy Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Ermakova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russian Federation.
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Gitlin-Domagalska A, Maciejewska A, Dębowski D. Bowman-Birk Inhibitors: Insights into Family of Multifunctional Proteins and Peptides with Potential Therapeutical Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120421. [PMID: 33255583 PMCID: PMC7760496 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs) are found primarily in seeds of legumes and in cereal grains. These canonical inhibitors share a highly conserved nine-amino acids binding loop motif CTP1SXPPXC (where P1 is the inhibitory active site, while X stands for various amino acids). They are natural controllers of plants' endogenous proteases, but they are also inhibitors of exogenous proteases present in microbials and insects. They are considered as plants' protective agents, as their elevated levels are observed during injury, presence of pathogens, or abiotic stress, i.a. Similar properties are observed for peptides isolated from amphibians' skin containing 11-amino acids disulfide-bridged loop CWTP1SXPPXPC. They are classified as Bowman-Birk like trypsin inhibitors (BBLTIs). These inhibitors are resistant to proteolysis and not toxic, and they are reported to be beneficial in the treatment of various pathological states. In this review, we summarize up-to-date research results regarding BBIs' and BBLTIs' inhibitory activity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial and insecticidal strength, as well as chemopreventive properties.
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Truncation of Huia versabilis Bowman-Birk inhibitor increases its selectivity, matriptase-1 inhibitory activity and proteolytic stability. Biochimie 2020; 171-172:178-186. [PMID: 32169666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A gradual truncation of the primary structure of frog skin-derived Huia versabilis Bowman-Birk peptidic inhibitor (HV-BBI) resulted in 18-times stronger inhibitor of matriptase-1 (peptide 6, Ki = 8 nm) in comparison to the full-length HV-BBI (Ki = 155 nm). Analogous increase in the inhibitory activity in correlation with the peptide length reduction was not observed in case of other serine proteases, bovine trypsin (Ki = 151 nm for peptide 6 and Ki = 120 nm for HV-BBI) and plasmin (Ki = 120 nm for peptide 6 and 82 nm for HV-BBI). Weaker binding affinity to these enzymes emphasized an inhibitory specificity of peptide 6. Molecular dynamic analysis revealed that the observed variations in the binding affinity of peptide 6 and HV-BBI with matriptase-1 are associated with the entropic differences of the unbound peptides. Moreover, several aspects explaining differences in the inhibition of matriptase-1 by peptide 6 (bearing the C-terminal amide group) and its two analogues, peptide 6∗ (having the C-terminal carboxyl group, Ki = 473 nm) and cyclic peptide 6∗∗ (Ki = 533 nm), both exhibiting more than 50-fold reduced inhibitory potency, were discovered. It was also shown that peptide 6 presented significantly higher resistance to proteolytic degradation in human serum than HV-BBI. Additional investigations revealed that, in contrast to some amphibian-derived inhibitors, HV-BBI and its truncated analogues do not possess bactericidal activity, thus they cannot be considered as bifunctional agents.
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A structural and functional analogue of a Bowman-Birk-type protease inhibitor from Odorrana schmackeri. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160593. [PMID: 28356487 PMCID: PMC5408667 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Frog skin secretions contain complex peptidomes and peptidic protease inhibitors that are one of the biologically and structurally described groups of components. In the present study, by use of molecular ‘shotgun’ cloning and LC MS/MS fractionation sequencing, a novel Bowman–Birk-type heptadecapeptide (AALKGCWTKSIPPKPCF-amide), named Odorrana schmackeriTrypsin Inhibitor (OSTI), with a canonical Cys6–Cys16 disulfide bridge, was isolated and identified in piebald odorous frog (O. schmackeri) skin secretion. A synthetic replicate of OSTI-exhibited trypsin inhibitory activity with a Ki value of 0.3 ± 0.04 nM and also a tryptase inhibitory effect with a Ki of 2.5 ± 0.6 μM. This is the first time that this property has been reported for a peptide originating from amphibian sources. In addition, substituting lysine (K) with phenylalanine (F) at the presumed P1 position, completely abrogated the trypsin and tryptase inhibition, but produced a strong chymotrypsin inhibition with a Ki of 1.0 ± 0.1 μM. Thus, the specificity of this peptidic protease inhibitor could be optimized through modifying the amino acid residue at the presumed P1 position and this novel native OSTI, along with its analogue, [Phe9]-OSTI, have expanded the potential drug discovery and development pipeline directed towards alleviation of serine protease-mediated pathologies.
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