1
|
Biofumigation for the Management of Fusarium graminearum in a Wheat-Maize Rotation. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121427. [PMID: 36558761 PMCID: PMC9784871 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is the most important causal agent of head blight in wheat, and stalk and ear rot in maize. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of incorporation of Brassicaceae cover crops on Fusarium graminearum in a wheat-maize rotation. Five species belonging to Brassicaceae (Brassica juncea, Eruca sativa, Raphanus sativus, B. carinata, B. oleracea var. caulorapa L.) were used in the field experiment to investigate their potential to suppress F. graminearum inoculum in soil, disease incidence in maize and to reduce subsequent mycotoxin contamination in maize. Brassica juncea was found to contain the highest glucosinolate concentration in shoots (31 µmol g-1). Severity of ear rot and stalk rot in maize was not significantly reduced in the amended plots. Incorporation of R. sativus 'Terranova' significantly decreased the amount of F. graminearum DNA by 58% compared with the cultivated fallow treatment, however the DNA concentration was not significantly different to fallow uncultivated. Fusarium graminearum DNA and deoxynivalenol in maize was 50% lower after incorporation of B. oleracea var. caulorapa L. compared to after fallow treatment but the difference was not significant. The brassica crops used in the present field experiment were not effective in suppressing F. graminearum, therefore further studies to optimise the current approach are recommended.
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Z, Huang Z, Cao L. Biotransformation technology and high-value application of rapeseed meal: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:103. [PMID: 38647572 PMCID: PMC10991624 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed meal (RSM) is an agro-industrial residue of increased functional biological value that contains high-quality proteins for animal feed. Due to the presence of antinutritional factors and immature development technology, RSM is currently used as a limited feed additive and in other relatively low-value applications. With increasing emphasis on green and sustainable industrial development and the added value of agro-industrial residues, considerable attention has been directed to the removal of antinutritional factors from RSM using high-efficiency, environment-friendly, and cost-effective biotechnology. Similarly, the high-value biotransformations of RSM have been the focus of research programmes to improve utilization rate. In this review, we introduce the sources, the nutrient and antinutrient content of RSM, and emphasize improvements on RSM feed quality using biological methods and its biotransformation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Yang
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768 Juxian Street, Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijuan Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768 Juxian Street, Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antifungal Effect of Brassica Tissues on the Mycotoxigenic Cereal Pathogen Fusarium graminearum. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091249. [PMID: 36140028 PMCID: PMC9495792 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a globally important cereal pathogen, causing head blight in wheat, resulting in yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. Currently, triazole fungicides are used to suppress Fusarium graminearum, however, the declining effectiveness of triazoles and concerns over the safety of pesticides have led to the pursuit of safe alternative crop protection strategies such as biofumigation. In the present study, species belonging to Brassicaceae (Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus, Eruca sativa) were assessed for their biofumigation potential against F. graminearum and the glucosinolate profile of the brassicas was determined. In Petri dishes, mycelial plugs of Fusarium graminearum were exposed to frozen/defrosted leaf discs of brassicas collected at early-leaf, stem-extension, and early-bud stages. Additionally, F. graminearum inoculum was incubated in soil amended with chopped tissues of brassicas in a closed jar experiment. Glucosinolate analysis of the leaf tissue of brassicas revealed that the total glucosinolate concentration of B. juncea ‘Brons’ increased with advancing growth stage (24.5–51.9 µmol g−1). Brassica juncea leaf discs were effective against mycelial growth, while the sinigrin content in the leaf tissue corresponded to the level of suppression. At the stem-extension and early-bud stages, B. juncea ‘Brons’ showed 87–90% suppression with four leaf discs, and 100% suppression with eight leaf discs. Brassica juncea ‘Caliente Rojo’ leaf discs collected at the stem-extension stage showed 94% inhibition with eight discs. In the closed jar experiment, each brassica species significantly suppressed F. graminearum inoculum by 41–55%. The findings suggest that the brassica species investigated in the present study could be effective in reducing the inoculum of F. graminearum in soil prior to cereal production.
Collapse
|
4
|
Neupane K, Yan G, Plaisance A. Evaluation of cover crops for reducing Heterodera glycines populations in microplot experiments. NEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) is a major yield-reducing pathogen of soybean worldwide. Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate ten cover crops for their effects on two SCN populations (SCN103 and SCN2W) collected from North Dakota, USA, soybean fields in 2019 and 2020. Experiments were conducted in a randomised complete block design using naturally infested field soil. A susceptible soybean ‘Barnes’ and non-planted natural soil (fallow) were used as controls. Plants were grown in outdoor conditions for 75 days before soil samples were collected. SCN eggs and juveniles were extracted from the soil samples to determine final population, population reduction and suppression. Soybean had significantly greater final population densities than all the cover crops and fallow. All cover crops and fallow reduced the initial densities of both SCN populations. All the cover crops, except chickling vetch ‘Pulse’, had lower final population densities than fallow and suppressed the SCN populations throughout the experiments. Sunnhemp (cultivar not stated; CNS), oilseed radish ‘Concorde’ and ‘Control’, and daikon radish ‘Eco-Till’ significantly reduced the SCN103 population compared to fallow. Sunnhemp, alfalfa ‘Bullseye’, and daikon radish had significant population reductions of SCN2W than fallow. Sunnhemp was found to have the greatest reductions in SCN populations ranging from 55 to 86% compared to the initial densities. This study demonstrated cover crop species/cultivars with the ability to reduce SCN populations in outdoor conditions, and the findings indicate that they could be utilised in infested fields to manage SCN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Neupane
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Guiping Yan
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Addison Plaisance
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lamichhane JR, Alletto L. Ecosystem services of cover crops: a research roadmap. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:758-768. [PMID: 35459600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crops that provide ecosystem services (ESs) beyond crop production are gaining interest from farmers, policymakers, and society at large. Cover crops (CCs), grown either as the sole crop or mixture, provide multiple ESs that contribute to achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. Little is known to date as to whether and to what extent ESs provided by CCs are affected by genotype × environment × management (G×E×M) interactions. Understanding these interactions could help to maximize the ESs of CCs while minimizing their ecosystem disservices. To this end, we highlight existing research gaps in CC research and then propose key research strategies, including the need for a paradigm shift in defining, managing, and utilizing CCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lionel Alletto
- AGIR, University of Toulouse, INRAE, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen D, Zebarth BJ, Goyer C, Comeau LP, Nahar K, Dixon T. Effect of Biofumigation on Population Densities of Pratylenchus spp. and Verticillium spp. and Potato Yield in Eastern Canada. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE POTATO ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 2022; 99:229-242. [PMID: 35437344 PMCID: PMC9007048 DOI: 10.1007/s12230-022-09875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofumigation has been proposed as an alternative to soil fumigation to manage soil-borne diseases including potato early dying disease complex (PED). This study examined the potential of using brown mustard (Mustard juncea) biofumigation to manage PED under rain-fed potato production in New Brunswick, Canada in two trials between 2017 and 2020 in comparison with chloropicrin fumigation and a conventional barley rotation. Biofumigation increased yield in one trial, but not in a second trial where the potato crop experienced severe drought, whereas chloropicrin fumigation increased yield in both trials. Biofumigation was effective in suppressing root-lesion nematode (RLN, Pratylenchus spp.) counts in both trials, but was ineffective in suppressing V. dahliae population density. Chloropicrin fumigation was effective in suppressing RLN counts and V. dahliae population density only in the hill where injected, but the effect was short-lived as the population density of V. dahliae in the hill increased to the level of the control in one potato growing season. Biofumigation may be an alternative to chloropicrin fumigation in managing PED, particularly in fields with high RLN population but relatively low Verticillium population density. However, neither biofumigation nor fumigation used alone may be sustainable in the short-term potato rotations commonly used in New Brunswick, and additional beneficial practices are required to sustain productivity in the long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahu Chen
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Bernie J. Zebarth
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Claudia Goyer
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Louis-Pierre Comeau
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Tom Dixon
- McCain Foods (Canada) Ltd., 8800 Main Street, Florenceville-Bristol, New Brunswick E7L 1B2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cebeci F, Mayer MJ, Rossiter JT, Mithen R, Narbad A. Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterisation of a Bacterial Myrosinase from Citrobacter Wye1. Protein J 2022; 41:131-140. [PMID: 35031980 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucosinolates are plant natural products which on degradation by myrosinases give rise to the beneficial bioactive isothiocyanates. Recently, a myrosinase activity was detected in a Citrobacter strain isolated from soil. This enzyme was purified enabling its amino acid sequence and gene sequence (cmyr) to be determined. In order to study this myrosinase it was necessary to establish an expression system that would enable future work such as a structural determination of the protein to be carried out. The myrosinase gene was amplified, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with a 6XHis-tag. The heterologous expression of cmyr enabled relatively large amounts of myrosinase to be produced (3.4 mg cmyr/100 ml culture). Myrosinase activity was determined by mixing substrate and enzyme and determining glucose release. Optimum pH and temperature were determined to be pH 6.0 and 25 °C for the Ni-NTA purified protein. The kinetic parameters of the purified myrosinase were determined using sinigrin as a substrate. Km and Vmax were estimated as 0.18 mM and 0.033 mmol/min/mg respectively for sinigrin under optimum conditions and compared to other kinetic data for myrosinases. The substrate specificity of myrosinase was determined having the highest affinity for sinigrin followed by glucoiberin, progoitrin, glucoerucin, glucoraphanin and glucotropaeolin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Cebeci
- Food Innovation and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK. .,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey.
| | - Melinda J Mayer
- Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - John T Rossiter
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Mithen
- Food Innovation and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK.,Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Food Innovation and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK.,Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
El-Saadony MT, Abuljadayel DA, Shafi ME, Albaqami NM, Desoky ESM, El-Tahan AM, Mesiha PK, Elnahal AS, Almakas A, Taha AE, Abd El-Mageed TA, Hassanin AA, Elrys AS, Saad AM. Control of foliar phytoparasitic nematodes through sustainable natural materials: Current progress and challenges. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7314-7326. [PMID: 34867034 PMCID: PMC8626253 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nematodes are hidden enemies that inhibit the entire ecosystem causing adverse effects on animals and plants, leading to economic losses. Management of foliar phytoparasitic nematodes is an excruciating task. Various approaches were used to control nematodes dispersal, i.e., traditional practices, resistant cultivars, plant extract, compost, biofumigants, induced resistance, nano-biotechnology applications, and chemical control. This study reviews the various strategies adopted in combating plant-parasitic nematodes while examining the benefits and challenges. The significant awareness of biological and environmental factors determines the effectiveness of nematode control, where the incorporation of alternative methods to reduce the nematodes population in plants with increasing crop yield. The researchers were interested in explaining the fundamental molecular mechanisms, providing an opportunity to deepen our understanding of the sustainable management of nematodes in croplands. Eco-friendly pesticides are effective as a sustainable nematodes management tool and safe for humans. The current review presents the eco-friendly methods in controlling nematodes to minimize yield losses, and benefit the agricultural production efficiency and the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Dalia A. Abuljadayel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E. Shafi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najah M. Albaqami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed M. Desoky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira M. El-Tahan
- Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, the City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City. Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Philemon K. Mesiha
- Plant pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S.M. Elnahal
- Plant pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aisha Almakas
- Department of Crops and Pastures, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana’a University, Yemen
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Abdallah A. Hassanin
- Genetics department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Elrys
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pacifico D, Lanzanova C, Pagnotta E, Bassolino L, Mastrangelo AM, Marone D, Matteo R, Lo Scalzo R, Balconi C. Sustainable Use of Bioactive Compounds from Solanum Tuberosum and Brassicaceae Wastes and by-Products for Crop Protection-A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:2174. [PMID: 33918886 PMCID: PMC8070479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Defatted seed meals of oleaginous Brassicaceae, such as Eruca sativa, and potato peel are excellent plant matrices to recover potentially useful biomolecules from industrial processes in a circular strategy perspective aiming at crop protection. These biomolecules, mainly glycoalkaloids and phenols for potato and glucosinolates for Brassicaceae, have been proven to be effective against microbes, fungi, nematodes, insects, and even parasitic plants. Their role in plant protection is overviewed, together with the molecular basis of their synthesis in plant, and the description of their mechanisms of action. Possible genetic and biotechnological strategies are presented to increase their content in plants. Genetic mapping and identification of closely linked molecular markers are useful to identify the loci/genes responsible for their accumulation and transfer them to elite cultivars in breeding programs. Biotechnological approaches can be used to modify their allelic sequence and enhance the accumulation of the bioactive compounds. How the global challenges, such as reducing agri-food waste and increasing sustainability and food safety, could be addressed through bioprotector applications are discussed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pacifico
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Chiara Lanzanova
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Eleonora Pagnotta
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Laura Bassolino
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Anna Maria Mastrangelo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniela Marone
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Matteo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Lo Scalzo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, 00198 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlotta Balconi
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Acharya K, Yan G, Plaisance A. Effects of Cover Crops on Population Reduction of Soybean Cyst Nematode ( Heterodera glycines). PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:764-769. [PMID: 33074070 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1778-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of cover crops on population reduction of a major soybean pest, soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) in 2016 and 2017. Ten crop species, including annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L. subsp. arvense), carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun), faba bean (Vicia faba Roth), foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois), daikon radish (Raphanus sativus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis L.), turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa L.), and winter rye (Secale cereale L.), were planted along with susceptible soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Barnes') in soil naturally infested with each of two SCN populations (SCN103 and SCN2W) from two North Dakota soybean fields. Crops were grown in large plastic pots for 75 days in an outdoor environment (microplot). Soil samples were collected from each pot for nematode extraction and SCN eggs were counted to determine the final SCN egg density. The population reduction was determined for each crop and nonplanted natural soil (fallow). All of the tested crops and nonplanted natural soil had significantly (P < 0.0001) lower final population densities compared with susceptible soybean (Barnes). Also, a significant difference (P < 0.0001) was observed between the SCN population suppressions caused by cover crops versus the fallow treatment. All cover crops except Austrian winter pea, carinata, faba bean, and foxtail millet had consistently lower SCN egg numbers than in fallow in both years of the experiments. The average population reductions of SCN by the cover crops ranged from 44 to 67% in comparison with the initial population density, while the fallow had natural reductions from 4 to 24%. Annual ryegrass and daikon radish reduced SCN egg numbers to a greater extent than the other cover crops, with an average of 65 and 67% reduction of initial population density, respectively, from 2 years. The results suggested that cover crops reduced the SCN populations in external microplot conditions, and their use has great potential for improving SCN management in infested fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Acharya
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Guiping Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Addison Plaisance
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ngala B, Mariette N, Ianszen M, Dewaegeneire P, Denis MC, Porte C, Piriou C, Robilliard E, Couetil A, Nguema-Ona E, Yvin JC, Gobert V, Beury A, Le Roux AC, Montarry J, Fournet S. Hatching Induction of Cyst Nematodes in Bare Soils Drenched With Root Exudates Under Controlled Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:602825. [PMID: 33488649 PMCID: PMC7820344 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.602825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyst nematodes account for substantial annual yield losses in crop production worldwide. Concerns over environmental and health issues due to the use of chemical nematicides mean alternative sustainable and integrated solutions are urgently required. Hatch induction of encysted eggs in the absence of host plants, i.e., 'suicide-hatching,' could be a sustainable alternative in reducing population densities of cyst nematodes in infested soils. Here we examined in situ hatching of encysted eggs of Globodera pallida, Heterodera carotae, and Heterodera schachtii at varying soil depths, following exogenous applications of host root exudates in repeated glasshouse experiments. Cysts were retrieved 30 or 43 days post-incubation depending on the nematode species and assessed for hatching rates relative to the initial number of viable eggs per cyst. Hatching of the potato cyst nematode G. pallida depended on both soil moisture and effective exposure to root exudates, and to a lesser extent on exudate concentration. The carrot cyst nematode H. carotae had over 75% hatched induced by root exudate irrespective of the concentration, with better hatch induction at 20 cm as compared with 10 cm soil depth. Hatching of the beet cyst nematode H. schachtii largely depended on the soil moisture level at constant temperature, rather than the type or concentration of root exudates applied. As a conclusion, exogenously applied host root exudates may play a major role in inducing in situ hatch of encysted eggs of potato and carrot cyst nematodes in the absence of host plant under favorable soil temperature/moisture conditions. To improve such strategy, the characterization of chemical profiles of the root exudate composition and field validation are currently ongoing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Ngala
- FN3PT/inov3PT, Rue des Champs Potez, Achicourt, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emilie Robilliard
- Société d’Investissement Légumière et maraîchère de Basse Normandie (SILEBAN), Gatteville le Phare, France
| | - Antoine Couetil
- Société d’Investissement Légumière et maraîchère de Basse Normandie (SILEBAN), Gatteville le Phare, France
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation-Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation-Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | | | - Amélie Beury
- FN3PT/inov3PT, Rue des Champs Potez, Achicourt, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abd-Elgawad MMM, Askary TH. Factors affecting success of biological agents used in controlling the plant-parasitic nematodes. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL 2020; 30:17. [DOI: 10.1186/s41938-020-00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBiological control agents (BCAs) are increasingly used against various plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) pests and offer a favorable alternative to hazardous chemical nematicides. Yet, their lack of efficacy, inconsistent field performance, and/or unfavorable economic factors have generally relegated them to a relatively small sector of pesticide market. Efficacy and biocontrol success can be boosted via holistic grasping of soil biological and ecological factors. Therefore, such factors were highlighted to give better directions for their use. Main points discussed currently are considered to affect the transmission success of these BCAs so that their use must be a way forward in crop protection/pest management. These included improved sampling, grasping BCAs interactions with soil biota and ecology, cost-effective use of BCAs, genetic manipulation for better PPN control, grower acceptance and awareness-raising of BCA techniques, and commercial application.
Collapse
|
13
|
Melrose J. The Glucosinolates: A Sulphur Glucoside Family of Mustard Anti-Tumour and Antimicrobial Phytochemicals of Potential Therapeutic Application. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7030062. [PMID: 31430999 PMCID: PMC6784281 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reviewed aspects of the biology of two members of the glucosinolate family, namely sinigrin and glucoraphanin and their anti-tumour and antimicrobial properties. Sinigrin and glucoraphanin are converted by the β-sulphoglucosidase myrosinase or the gut microbiota into their bioactive forms, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and sulphoraphanin (SFN) which constitute part of a sophisticated defence system plants developed over several hundred million years of evolution to protect them from parasitic attack from aphids, ticks, bacteria or nematodes. Delivery of these components from consumption of cruciferous vegetables rich in the glucosinolates also delivers many other members of the glucosinolate family so the dietary AITCs and SFN do not act in isolation. In vitro experiments with purified AITC and SFN have demonstrated their therapeutic utility as antimicrobials against a range of clinically important bacteria and fungi. AITC and SFN are as potent as Vancomycin in the treatment of bacteria listed by the World Health Organisation as antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens” and also act as anti-cancer agents through the induction of phase II antioxidant enzymes which inactivate potential carcinogens. Glucosinolates may be useful in the treatment of biofilms formed on medical implants and catheters by problematic pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and are potent antimicrobials against a range of clinically important bacteria and fungi. The glucosinolates have also been applied in the prevention of bacterial and fungal spoilage of food products in advanced atmospheric packaging technology which improves the shelf-life of these products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Honorary Senior Research Associate, Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
- Adjunct Professor, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva JCP, Campos VP, Barros AF, Pedroso MP, Terra WC, Lopez LE, de Souza JT. Plant Volatiles Reduce the Viability of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita Either Directly or When Retained in Water. PLANT DISEASE 2018; 102:2170-2179. [PMID: 30207900 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-18-0143-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) produced by green residues for the management of plant-parasitic nematodes are poorly studied for oilseed plants and some Brassica spp. To investigate the activity of VOC in vitro and as biofumigants, dry and aqueous macerates of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) shoots and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed were used against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. VOC produced by sunflower seed caused higher mortality of M. incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) than VOC produced by broccoli shoots but both plant species were equally effective in decreasing the infectivity and reproduction of this nematode. The number of galls and eggs produced by the nematode in tomato roots was reduced by 89 and 95%, respectively, on average, at the highest concentrations of broccoli and sunflower seed macerates tested as biofumigants. When nematodes were placed in water exposed to broccoli VOC, J2 immobility increased and the number of galls and eggs produced by the nematode in tomato roots decreased 80 and 96%, respectively. Water exposed to sunflower seed VOC had no effect on the viability of the nematode. Gas chromatography was used to identify five and six chemical groups in broccoli and in sunflower seed macerates, respectively, but only alcohols, sulfurated VOC, and terpenes were detected in the water exposed to these plant macerates. Sulfurated VOC from the water exposed to broccoli macerates were found to be involved in its activity against M. incognita. The purified VOC dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and 3-pentanol were tested directly against J2 and showed a lethal concentration of 176 and 918 µg/ml (ppm), respectively, whereas dimethyl sulfide had no effect against M. incognita. Furthermore, DMDS and 3-pentanol retained in water killed J2 and reduced gall formation and the number of eggs of M. incognita on tomato roots. Both these plant species produced toxic VOC to M. incognita, whereas only VOC retained in water exposed to broccoli had activity against M. incognita.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Willian C Terra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Liliana E Lopez
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Jorge T de Souza
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Doheny-Adams T, Lilley CJ, Barker A, Ellis S, Wade R, Atkinson HJ, Urwin PE, Redeker K, Hartley SE. Constant Isothiocyanate-Release Potentials across Biofumigant Seeding Rates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5108-5116. [PMID: 29624055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biofumigation is an integrated pest-management method involving the mulching of a glucosinolate-containing cover crop into a field in order to generate toxic isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are effective soil-borne-pest-control compounds. Variation in biofumigation efficacy demonstrates a need to better understand the factors affecting pest-control outcomes and develop best practices for choosing biofumigants, growth conditions, and mulching methods that allow the greatest potential isothiocyanate release. We measured the glucosinolate concentrations of six different commercial varieties of three biofumigant plant species: Brassica juncea (ISCI99, Vitasso, and Scala) Raphanus sativus (Diablo and Bento), and Sinapis alba (Ida Gold). The plants were grown in the range of commercially appropriate seeding rates and sampled at three growth stages (early development, mature, and 50% flowering). Within biofumigant species, the highest ITC-release potentials were achieved with B. juncea cv. ISCI99 and R. sativus cv. Bento. The highest ITC-release potential occurred at the 50% flowering growth stage across the species. The seeding rate had a minor impact on the ITC-release potential of R. sativus but had no significant effects on the ITC-release potentials of the B. juncea or S. alba cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Doheny-Adams
- Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England
| | - C J Lilley
- Faculty of Biological Sciences , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , England
| | - A Barker
- Barworth Agriculture Ltd. , Sleaford NG34 9NB , England
| | - S Ellis
- Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England
| | - R Wade
- Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England
| | - H J Atkinson
- Faculty of Biological Sciences , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , England
| | - P E Urwin
- Faculty of Biological Sciences , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , England
| | - K Redeker
- Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England
| | - S E Hartley
- Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
DANDURAND LOUISEMARIE, MORRA MATTJ, ZASADA INGAA, PHILLIPS WENDYS, POPOVA INNA, HARDER COLE. Control of Globodera spp. Using Brassica juncea Seed Meal and Seed Meal Extract. J Nematol 2018. [DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2017-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
17
|
Xu D, Hanschen FS, Witzel K, Nintemann SJ, Nour-Eldin HH, Schreiner M, Halkier BA. Rhizosecretion of stele-synthesized glucosinolates and their catabolites requires GTR-mediated import in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:3205-3214. [PMID: 27702989 PMCID: PMC5853541 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Casparian strip-generated apoplastic barriers not only control the radial flow of both water and ions but may also constitute a hindrance for the rhizosecretion of stele-synthesized phytochemicals. Here, we establish root-synthesized glucosinolates (GLS) are in Arabidopsis as a model to study the transport routes of plant-derived metabolites from the site of synthesis to the rhizosphere. Analysing the expression of GLS synthetic genes in the root indicate that the stele is the major site for the synthesis of aliphatic GLS, whereas indole GLS can be synthesized in both the stele and the cortex. Sampling root exudates from the wild type and the double mutant of the GLS importers GTR1 and GTR2 show that GTR-mediated retention of stele-synthesized GLS is a prerequisite for the exudation of both intact GLS and their catabolites into the rhizosphere. The expression of the GTRs inside the stele, combined with the previous observation that GLS are exported from biosynthetic cells, suggest three possible routes of stele-synthesized aliphatic GLS after their synthesis: (i) GTR-dependent import to cells symplastically connected to the cortical cells and the rhizosphere; (ii) GTR-independent transport via the xylem to the shoot; and (iii) GTR-dependent import to GLS-degrading myrosin cells at the cortex. The study suggests a previously undiscovered role of the import process in the rhizosecretion of root-synthesized phytochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Xu
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Katja Witzel
- Department of Plant Health, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Nintemann
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Barbara Ann Halkier
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Doheny-Adams T, Redeker K, Kittipol V, Bancroft I, Hartley SE. Development of an efficient glucosinolate extraction method. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:17. [PMID: 28344636 PMCID: PMC5361809 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosinolates, anionic sulfur rich secondary metabolites, have been extensively studied because of their occurrence in the agriculturally important brassicaceae and their impact on human and animal health. There is also increasing interest in the biofumigant properties of toxic glucosinolate hydrolysis products as a method to control agricultural pests. Evaluating biofumigation potential requires rapid and accurate quantification of glucosinolates, but current commonly used methods of extraction prior to analysis involve a number of time consuming and hazardous steps; this study aimed to develop an improved method for glucosinolate extraction. RESULTS Three methods previously used to extract glucosinolates from brassicaceae tissues, namely extraction in cold methanol, extraction in boiling methanol, and extraction in boiling water were compared across tissue type (root, stem leaf) and four brassicaceae species (B. juncea, S. alba, R. sativus, and E. sativa). Cold methanol extraction was shown to perform as well or better than all other tested methods for extraction of glucosinolates with the exception of glucoraphasatin in R. sativus shoots. It was also demonstrated that lyophilisation methods, routinely used during extraction to allow tissue disruption, can reduce final glucosinolate concentrations and that extracting from frozen wet tissue samples in cold 80% methanol is more effective. CONCLUSIONS We present a simplified method for extracting glucosinolates from plant tissues which does not require the use of a freeze drier or boiling methanol, and is therefore less hazardous, and more time and cost effective. The presented method has been shown to have comparable or improved glucosinolate extraction efficiency relative to the commonly used ISO method for major glucosinolates in the Brassicaceae species studied: sinigrin and gluconasturtiin in B. juncea; sinalbin, glucotropaeolin, and gluconasturtiin in S. alba; glucoraphenin and glucoraphasatin in R. sativus; and glucosatavin, glucoerucin and glucoraphanin in E. sativa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Doheny-Adams
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - K. Redeker
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - V. Kittipol
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - I. Bancroft
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - S. E. Hartley
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wood C, Kenyon DM, Cooper JM. Allyl isothiocyanate shows promise as a naturally produced suppressant of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida, in biofumigation systems. NEMATOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability of isothiocyanates to suppressGlobodera pallidawas evaluated throughin vitroassays. Several isothiocyanates increased juvenile mortality, the most effective being allyl isothiocyanate, which caused 100% mortality at both 25 and 50 ppm after 72 and 24 h exposure, respectively. In a hatching assay, allyl isothiocyanate was able to suppress hatch; in addition, replenishing allyl isothiocyanate every 3 days increased hatch suppression, and viability staining indicated that egg mortality was increased. Allyl isothiocyanate above concentrations of 50 ppm significantly affected both hatch suppression and mortality. Differing effects of isothiocyanates onG. pallidasuggest that their toxicity depends on the pest of interest and this study shows that allyl isothiocyanate is a good candidate for the control of potato cyst nematodes using biofumigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Wood
- Diagnostics, Wildlife and Molecular Biology, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture, 1 Roddinglaw Road, Edinburgh EH12 9FJ, UK
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 7RU, UK
| | - David M. Kenyon
- Diagnostics, Wildlife and Molecular Biology, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture, 1 Roddinglaw Road, Edinburgh EH12 9FJ, UK
| | - Julia M. Cooper
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 7RU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Doheny-Adams T, Redeker K, Kittipol V, Bancroft I, Hartley SE. Development of an efficient glucosinolate extraction method. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:17. [PMID: 28344636 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0164-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosinolates, anionic sulfur rich secondary metabolites, have been extensively studied because of their occurrence in the agriculturally important brassicaceae and their impact on human and animal health. There is also increasing interest in the biofumigant properties of toxic glucosinolate hydrolysis products as a method to control agricultural pests. Evaluating biofumigation potential requires rapid and accurate quantification of glucosinolates, but current commonly used methods of extraction prior to analysis involve a number of time consuming and hazardous steps; this study aimed to develop an improved method for glucosinolate extraction. RESULTS Three methods previously used to extract glucosinolates from brassicaceae tissues, namely extraction in cold methanol, extraction in boiling methanol, and extraction in boiling water were compared across tissue type (root, stem leaf) and four brassicaceae species (B. juncea, S. alba, R. sativus, and E. sativa). Cold methanol extraction was shown to perform as well or better than all other tested methods for extraction of glucosinolates with the exception of glucoraphasatin in R. sativus shoots. It was also demonstrated that lyophilisation methods, routinely used during extraction to allow tissue disruption, can reduce final glucosinolate concentrations and that extracting from frozen wet tissue samples in cold 80% methanol is more effective. CONCLUSIONS We present a simplified method for extracting glucosinolates from plant tissues which does not require the use of a freeze drier or boiling methanol, and is therefore less hazardous, and more time and cost effective. The presented method has been shown to have comparable or improved glucosinolate extraction efficiency relative to the commonly used ISO method for major glucosinolates in the Brassicaceae species studied: sinigrin and gluconasturtiin in B. juncea; sinalbin, glucotropaeolin, and gluconasturtiin in S. alba; glucoraphenin and glucoraphasatin in R. sativus; and glucosatavin, glucoerucin and glucoraphanin in E. sativa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Doheny-Adams
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - K Redeker
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - V Kittipol
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - I Bancroft
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - S E Hartley
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Krska R, de Nijs M, McNerney O, Pichler M, Gilbert J, Edwards S, Suman M, Magan N, Rossi V, van der Fels-Klerx H, Bagi F, Poschmaier B, Sulyok M, Berthiller F, van Egmond H. Safe food and feed through an integrated toolbox for mycotoxin management: the MyToolBox approach. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2016.2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to mobilise the wealth of knowledge from the international mycotoxin research conductedover the past 25-30 years, and to perform cutting-edge research where knowledge gaps still exist. This knowledgeneeds to be integrated into affordable and practical tools for farmers and food processors along the chain inorder to reduce the risk of mycotoxin contamination of crops, feed and food. This is the mission of MyToolBox – a four-year project which has received funding from the European Commission. It mobilises a multi-actorpartnership (academia, farmers, technology small and medium sized enterprises, food industry and policystakeholders) to develop novel interventions aimed at achieving a significant reduction in crop losses due tomycotoxin contamination. Besides a field-to-fork approach, MyToolBox also considers safe use options ofcontaminated batches, such as the efficient production of biofuels. Compared to previous efforts of mycotoxin reduction strategies, the distinguishing feature of MyToolBox is to provide the recommended measures to theend users along the food and feed chain in a web-based MyToolBox platform (e-toolbox). The project focuseson small grain cereals, maize, peanuts and dried figs, applicable to agricultural conditions in the EU and China. Crop losses using existing practices are being compared with crop losses after novel pre-harvest interventionsincluding investigation of genetic resistance to fungal infection, cultural control (e.g. minimum tillage or cropdebris treatment), the use of novel biopesticides suitable for organic farming, competitive biocontrol treatment and development of novel modelling approaches to predict mycotoxin contamination. Research into post-harvestmeasures includes real-time monitoring during storage, innovative sorting of crops using vision-technology, novelmilling technology and studying the effects of baking on mycotoxins at an industrial scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Krska
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - M. de Nijs
- RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - O. McNerney
- Innovacio i Recerca Industrial i Sostenible SL, Avda. Carl Friedrich Gauss 11, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - M. Pichler
- International Association for Cereal Science and Technology, Marxergasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - J. Gilbert
- FoodLife International Ltd., ODTU Teknokent, Ikizler Binasi No Ara-1 ODTU, Cankaya 06800, Turkey
| | - S. Edwards
- Harper Adams University, Department of Crop and Environment Science, Edgmond, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, United Kingdom
| | - M. Suman
- BARILLA S.p.A., Advanced Laboratory Research, Barilla Research Labs, via Mantova 166, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - N. Magan
- Cranfield University, Applied Mycology Group, Soil and Agrifood Institute, Cranfield Health, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - V. Rossi
- HORTA SRL, via E. Gorra, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - H.J. van der Fels-Klerx
- RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - F. Bagi
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - B. Poschmaier
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - M. Sulyok
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - F. Berthiller
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - H.P. van Egmond
- Retired from RIKILT, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eberlein C, Heuer H, Vidal S, Westphal A. Microbial Communities in Globodera pallida Females Raised in Potato Monoculture Soil. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2016; 106:581-590. [PMID: 26863445 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-15-0180-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Globodera spp. are under strict quarantine in many countries. Suppressiveness to cyst nematodes can evolve under monoculture of susceptible hosts. Females developing in potato monoculture soil infested with G. pallida populations Chavornay or Delmsen were examined for inherent microbial communities. In the greenhouse, nonheated and heat-treated (134°C for 10 min) portions of this soil were placed in root observation chambers, planted with Solanum tuberosum 'Selma', and inoculated with G. pallida Pa3 Chavornay. At harvest in Delmsen soil, cysts had fewer eggs in nonheated than heat-treated soil. In denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, bacterial and fungal fingerprints were characterized by a high variability between replicates; nonheated soils displayed more dominant bands than heated soils, indicating more bacterial and fungal populations. In amplicon pyrosequencing, females from nonheated portions frequently contained internal transcribed spacer sequences of the fungus Malassezia. Specific for the Chavornay and Delmsen population, ribosomal sequences of the bacteria Burkolderia and Ralstonia were abundant on eggs. In this first report of microbial communities in G. pallida raised in potato monoculture, candidate microorganisms perhaps associated with the health status of the eggs of G. pallida were identified. If pathologies on cyst nematodes can be ascertained, these organisms could improve the sustainability of production systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Eberlein
- First and fourth authors: Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; second author: Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostic, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; and third author: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Heuer
- First and fourth authors: Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; second author: Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostic, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; and third author: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Vidal
- First and fourth authors: Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; second author: Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostic, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; and third author: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Westphal
- First and fourth authors: Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; second author: Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostic, Julius Kühn-Institut, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany; and third author: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Albaser A, Kazana E, Bennett MH, Cebeci F, Luang-In V, Spanu PD, Rossiter JT. Discovery of a Bacterial Glycoside Hydrolase Family 3 (GH3) β-Glucosidase with Myrosinase Activity from a Citrobacter Strain Isolated from Soil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1520-7. [PMID: 26820976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A Citrobacter strain (WYE1) was isolated from a UK soil by enrichment using the glucosinolate sinigrin as sole carbon source. The enzyme myrosinase was purified using a combination of ion exchange and gel filtration to give a pure protein of approximately 66 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid and internal peptide sequence of the purified protein were determined and used to identify the gene, which, based on InterPro sequence analysis, belongs to the family GH3, contains a signal peptide, and is a periplasmic protein with a predicted molecular mass of 71.8 kDa. A preliminary characterization was carried out using protein extracts from cell-free preparations. The apparent KM and Vmax were 0.46 mM and 4.91 mmol dm(-3) min(-1) mg(-1), respectively, with sinigrin as substrate. The optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were 25 °C and 6.0, respectively. The enzyme was marginally activated with ascorbate by a factor of 1.67.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Albaser
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanna Kazana
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark H Bennett
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Fatma Cebeci
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research , Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro D Spanu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - John T Rossiter
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|