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Abot A, Fried S, Cani PD, Knauf C. Reactive Oxygen Species/Reactive Nitrogen Species as Messengers in the Gut: Impact on Physiology and Metabolic Disorders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:394-415. [PMID: 34714099 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species as "friend" or "foe" messengers in the whole body is well characterized. Depending on the concentration in the tissue considered, these molecular actors exert beneficial or deleterious impacts leading to a pathological state, as observed in metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Recent Advances: Among the tissues impacted by oxidation and inflammation in this pathological state, the intestine is a site of dysfunction that can establish diabetic symptoms, such as alterations in the intestinal barrier, gut motility, microbiota composition, and gut/brain axis communication. In the intestine, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (from the host and/or microbiota) are key factors that modulate the transition from physiological to pathological signaling. Critical Issues: Controlling the levels of intestinal reactive oxygen/nitrogen species is a complicated balance between positive and negative impacts that is in constant equilibrium. Here, we describe the synthesis and degradation of intestinal reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and their interactions with the host. The development of novel redox-based therapeutics that alter these processes could restore intestinal health in patients with metabolic disorders. Future Directions: Deciphering the mode of action of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in the gut of obese/diabetic patients could result in a future therapeutic strategy that combines nutritional and pharmacological approaches. Consequently, preventive and curative treatments must take into account one of the first sites of oxidative and inflammatory dysfunctions in the body, that is, the intestine. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 394-415.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Abot
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
| | - Steven Fried
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France.,UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claude Knauf
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
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Antioxidative Potentials of Incretin-Based Medications: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9959320. [PMID: 34007411 PMCID: PMC8099522 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9959320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors are medications used for managing diabetes, mimicking the metabolic effects of incretin hormones. Recent evidence suggests that these medications have antioxidative potentials in the diabetic milieu. The pathophysiology of most diabetic complications involves oxidative stress. Therefore, if incretin-based antidiabetic medications can alleviate the free radicals involved in oxidative stress, they can potentially provide further therapeutic effects against diabetic complications. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these medications protect against oxidative stress are not fully understood. In the current review, we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms behind these pharmacologic agents' antioxidative properties.
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Tao L, Wang L, Yang X, Jiang X, Hua F. Recombinant human glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against chronic intermittent hypoxia by improving myocardial energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 481:95-103. [PMID: 30503377 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a chronic disease associated with intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring incretin used as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and advanced heart failure. However, whether GLP-1 can protect against IH-induced cardiac injury is still unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the effects of recombinant human GLP-1 (rhGLP-1) on cardiac health in mice. METHODS Mice were subjected to repetitive 5% O2 for 30 s and 21% O2 for 30 s, for a total of 8 h/day for 4 weeks. Subsequently, mice received subcutaneous injection of saline or rhGLP-1 (100 μg/kg, three times per day). Cardiac function, myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined for evaluation of cardiac injury. RESULTS A reduction in diastolic function (E/A ratio) in mice exposed to IH was significantly reversed by rhGLP-1. IH induced marked cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. Additionally, IH resulted in a shift from fatty acid to glucose metabolism in the myocardium with downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and PPARγ. Moreover, IH caused a reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and transcription, together with reduced mtDNA content and impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure. These changes were abolished by rhGLP-1 via activation of PGC-1α and Akt signaling. CONCLUSIONS rhGLP-1 protects against IH-induced cardiac injury by improving myocardial energy metabolism and enhancing the early adaptive changes of mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China.
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Oh YS, Jun HS. Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010026. [PMID: 29271910 PMCID: PMC5795977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative cellular damage caused by free radicals is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to aging. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) signaling pathways play an important role in preventing stresses including oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nrf2 is a master regulator of cellular stress responses, induces the expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, and protects against oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone, which was originally found to increase insulin synthesis and secretion. It is now widely accepted that GLP-1 has multiple functions beyond glucose control in various tissues and organs including brain, kidney, and heart. GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists are known to be effective in many chronic diseases, including diabetes, via antioxidative mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of GLP-1 in the protection against oxidative damage and the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon 21565, Korea.
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Yang B, Li X, Zhang C, Yan S, Wei W, Wang X, Deng X, Qian H, Lin H, Huang W. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel peptide MC2 analogues from Momordica charantia as potential anti-diabetic agents. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:4551-61. [PMID: 25778708 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00333d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three series of Momordica charantia (MC)2 analogues were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-hyperglycaemic effects. Alanine scanning focusing on the peptide MC2 indicated the importance of the residues proline (Pro)(3), serine (Ser)(6), isoleucine (Ile)(7) and Ser(10) for anti-hyperglycaemic effects. Among the first series of MC2 analogues, peptide I-4 exhibited a better anti-hyperglycaemic effect and was chosen for further modification. A further two series of conformationally constrained analogues were designed by scanning the residues Pro(3), Ser(6), Ile(7), and Ser(10) with an i - (i + 2) lactam bridge consisting of a glutamic acid-Xaa-lysine (Glu-Xaa-Lys) scaffold and a diproline fragment. By screening in normal mice and mice with diabetes mellitus, peptides II-1, II-2 and III-3 showed a significant improvement in anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-oxidative activities compared with I-4. These data suggest that II-1, II-2 and III-3 could be candidates for future treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Yang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Petersen KE, Rakipovski G, Raun K, Lykkesfeldt J. Does Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Ameliorate Oxidative Stress in Diabetes? Evidence Based on Experimental and Clinical Studies. Curr Diabetes Rev 2016; 12:331-358. [PMID: 26381142 PMCID: PMC5101636 DOI: 10.2174/1573399812666150918150608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has shown to influence the oxidative stress status in a number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Well-known effects of GLP-1 including better glycemic control, decreased food intake, increased insulin release and increased insulin sensitivity may indirectly contribute to this phenomenon, but glucose-independent effects on ROS level, production and antioxidant capacity have been suggested to also play a role. The potential 'antioxidant' activity of GLP-1 along with other proposed glucose-independent modes of action related to ameliorating redox imbalance remains a controversial topic but could hold a therapeutic potential against micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications. This review discusses the presently available knowledge from experimental and clinical studies on the effects of GLP-1 on oxidative stress in diabetes and diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Yang B, Zhang C, Li X, Yan S, Wei W, Wang X, Deng X, Huang W, Qian H. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Peptide Gly3-MC62 Analogues as Potential Antidiabetic Agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:979-89. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Yang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
- Medical and Health Management Department; Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College; 4 Meicheng Road, Higher Education Area Huaian Jiangsu 223003 China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Xue Li
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Sijia Yan
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Xuekun Wang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Xin Deng
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China
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Rizzo M, Abate N, Chandalia M, Rizvi AA, Giglio RV, Nikolic D, Marino Gammazza A, Barbagallo I, Isenovic ER, Banach M, Montalto G, Li Volti G. Liraglutide reduces oxidative stress and restores heme oxygenase-1 and ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective pilot study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:603-6. [PMID: 25393640 PMCID: PMC4318909 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog and glucose-lowering agent whose effects on cardiovascular risk markers have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of liraglutide on markers of oxidative stress, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and plasma ghrelin levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN AND SETTING A prospective pilot study of 2 months' duration has been performed at the Unit of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Prevention at University of Palermo, Italy. Patients and Intervention(s): Twenty subjects with T2DM (10 men and 10 women; mean age: 57 ± 13 y) were treated with liraglutide sc (0.6 mg/d for 2 wk, followed by 1.2 mg/d) in addition to metformin (1500 mg/d orally) for 2 months. Patients with liver disorders or renal failure were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Plasma ghrelin concentrations, oxidative stress markers, and heat-shock proteins, including HO-1 were assessed. RESULTS The addition of liraglutide resulted in a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (8.5 ± 0.4 vs 7.5 ± 0.4%, P < .0001). In addition, plasma ghrelin and glutathione concentrations increased (8.2 ± 4.1 vs 13.6 ± 7.3 pg/ml, P = .0007 and 0.36 ± 0.06 vs 0.44 ± 0.07 nmol/ml, P = .0002, respectively), whereas serum lipid hydroperoxides and HO-1 decreased (0.11 ± 0.05 vs 0.04 ± 0.07 pg/ml, P = .0487 and 7.7 ± 7.7 vs 3.6 ± 1.8 pg/ml, P = .0445, respectively). These changes were not correlated with changes in fasting glycemia or HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS In a 2-months prospective pilot study, the addition of liraglutide to metformin resulted in improvement in oxidative stress as well as plasma ghrelin and HO-1 concentrations in patients with T2DM. These findings seemed to be independent of the known effects of liraglutide on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (M.R., R.V.G., D.N., G.M.), University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (M.R., A.M.G., I.B., G.L.V.), Palermo 90139, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (M.R., A.A.R.), University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29203; Division of Endocrinology (N.A., M.C.), The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (A.M.G.), University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy; Department of Drug Sciences (I.B.), University of Catania, Catania 90125, Italy; Laboratory for Molecular Genetics and Radiobiology (E.R.I.), Vinca Institute, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia; Department of Hypertension (M.B.), Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-549, Poland; and Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (G.L.V.), University of Catania, Catania 90125, Italy
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Yang B, Chen W, Jin J, Mei Y, Wang X, Chen H, Yan S, Ru M, Gu G, Deng X, Qian H, Huang W. Evaluation of Hypoglycemic and Antioxidative Effects of Synthesized Peptide MC62. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 82:99-105. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Yang
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | | | - Jing Jin
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Yicheng Mei
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Xuekun Wang
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Hong Chen
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Sijia Yan
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Meng Ru
- Traditional Medicine College; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Guolong Gu
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Xin Deng
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjiaxiang; Nanjing; 210009; China
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He L, Wong CK, Cheung KK, Yau HC, Fu A, Zhao HL, Leung KM, Kong AP, Wong GW, Chan PK, Xu G, Chan JC. Anti-inflammatory effects of exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, on human peripheral lymphocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2013; 4:382-92. [PMID: 24843684 PMCID: PMC4020234 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Type 2 diabetes is characterized by dysregulation of immunity, oxidative stress and reduced incretin effects. Experimental studies suggest that glucagon‐like peptide (GLP‐1) might have immunomodulating effects. We hypothesize that GLP‐1 receptor agonist, exendin‐4, might reduce inflammatory response in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) sampled from 10 type 2 diabetes and 10 sex‐ and age‐matched control subjects and supernatants from PBMC culture, the expression of phospho‐mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in CD4+ T helper lymphocytes and monocytes was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cytokines/chemokines and superoxide anion before and after treatment with exendin‐4 were measured by cytometric bead array and chemiluminesence assay, respectively. Results Compared with control subjects, PBMC from type 2 diabetes patients showed activated MAPK (P38, c‐Jun NH2‐terminal protein kinase and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase) signaling pathway, elevated superoxide anion, increased pro‐inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6) and chemokines (CCL5/regulated on activation normal T‐cell expressed and secreted and CXCL10/interferon‐γ‐induced protein 10). These changes were attenuated by exendin‐4, possibly through the suppression of p38 MAPK. Conclusions These results suggest that exendin‐4 might downregulate pro‐inflammatory responses and reduce oxidative stress by suppressing MAPK signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan He
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Kitty Kt Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Ho Chung Yau
- Department of Pediatrics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Anthony Fu
- Department of Pediatrics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Hai-Lu Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Karen Ml Leung
- Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Alice Ps Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Gary Wk Wong
- Department of Pediatrics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Paul Ks Chan
- Department of Microbiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Juliana Cn Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China ; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China
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Król E, Krejpcio Z. Evaluation of anti-diabetic potential of chromium(III) propionate complex in high-fat diet fed and STZ injected rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:3217-23. [PMID: 21939728 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the anti-diabetic potential of the chromium(III) propionate complex (CrProp) in a diabetic rat model. Male Wistar rats (n=28, 8-week old) were divided into 4 groups (with 7 rats each) and fed at libitum: the control diet (AIN-93M), and high-fat diets with or without supplementary CrProp (10 and 50mg Crkg(-1) diet; 1 and 5 mg kg(-1) body mass per day) for 5 weeks, and subsequently injected with STZ to induce diabetes. Rats were further fed the same diets for another week until the end of the experiment. Blood indices and the contents of minerals (Fe, Zn, Cu and Cr) in rat tissues were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Supplementary CrProp did not affect blood glucose level, but significantly improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR index) and reduced serum levels of triacylglycerols, total and LDL cholesterols. Both supplementary dosages of CrProp (10 and 50mg Cr kg(-1) diet) normalized the increased liver Fe content, reduced hepatic and renal Cu levels and elevated renal Cr contents in diabetic rats. In conclusion, CrProp has a significant anti-diabetic (insulin-sensitizing and hypolipidemic) potential; thus it might be a candidate for a therapeutic agent in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Król
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
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