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Sedighi M, Shrestha N, Mahmoudi Z, Khademi Z, Ghasempour A, Dehghan H, Talebi SF, Toolabi M, Préat V, Chen B, Guo X, Shahbazi MA. Multifunctional Self-Assembled Peptide Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051160. [PMID: 36904404 PMCID: PMC10007692 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly is a growth mechanism in nature to apply local interactions forming a minimum energy structure. Currently, self-assembled materials are considered for biomedical applications due to their pleasant features, including scalability, versatility, simplicity, and inexpensiveness. Self-assembled peptides can be applied to design and fabricate different structures, such as micelles, hydrogels, and vesicles, by diverse physical interactions between specific building blocks. Among them, bioactivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of peptide hydrogels have introduced them as versatile platforms in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing, and treating different diseases. Moreover, peptides are capable of mimicking the microenvironment of natural tissues and responding to internal and external stimuli for triggered drug release. In the current review, the unique characteristics of peptide hydrogels and recent advances in their design, fabrication, as well as chemical, physical, and biological properties are presented. Additionally, recent developments of these biomaterials are discussed with a particular focus on their biomedical applications in targeted drug delivery and gene delivery, stem cell therapy, cancer therapy and immune regulation, bioimaging, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sedighi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Neha Shrestha
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biomedicine and Translational Research, Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kathmandu P.O. Box 7731, Nepal
| | - Zahra Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838636, Iran
| | - Zahra Khademi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghasempour
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Hamideh Dehghan
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fahimeh Talebi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Maryam Toolabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Véronique Préat
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bozhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xindong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (M.-A.S.)
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (M.-A.S.)
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Advances in Self-Assembled Peptides as Drug Carriers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020482. [PMID: 36839803 PMCID: PMC9964150 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, self-assembled peptide nanotechnology has attracted a great deal of attention for its ability to form various regular and ordered structures with diverse and practical functions. Self-assembled peptides can exist in different environments and are a kind of medical bio-regenerative material with unique structures. These materials have good biocompatibility and controllability and can form nanoparticles, nanofibers and hydrogels to perform specific morphological functions, which are widely used in biomedical and material science fields. In this paper, the properties of self-assembled peptides, their influencing factors and the nanostructures that they form are reviewed, and the applications of self-assembled peptides as drug carriers are highlighted. Finally, the prospects and challenges for developing self-assembled peptide nanomaterials are briefly discussed.
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La Manna S, Di Natale C, Onesto V, Marasco D. Self-Assembling Peptides: From Design to Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12662. [PMID: 34884467 PMCID: PMC8657556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides could be considered a novel class of agents able to harvest an array of micro/nanostructures that are highly attractive in the biomedical field. By modifying their amino acid composition, it is possible to mime several biological functions; when assembled in micro/nanostructures, they can be used for a variety of purposes such as tissue regeneration and engineering or drug delivery to improve drug release and/or stability and to reduce side effects. Other significant advantages of self-assembled peptides involve their biocompatibility and their ability to efficiently target molecular recognition sites. Due to their intrinsic characteristics, self-assembled peptide micro/nanostructures are capable to load both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, and they are suitable to achieve a triggered drug delivery at disease sites by inserting in their structure's stimuli-responsive moieties. The focus of this review was to summarize the most recent and significant studies on self-assembled peptides with an emphasis on their application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR NANOTEC, via Monteroni, c/o Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Xing Z, Chen Y, Qiu F. Alternative Causal Link between Peptide Fibrillization and β-Strand Conformation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12904-12912. [PMID: 34056442 PMCID: PMC8154227 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the prevailing phenomenon of peptide fibrillization, β-strand conformation has long been believed to be an important structural basis for peptide assembly. According to a widely accepted theory, in most peptide fibrillization processes, peptide monomers need to intrinsically take or transform to β-strand conformation before they can undergo ordered packing to form nanofibers. In this study, we reported our findings on an alternative peptide fibrillization pathway starting from a disordered secondary structure, which could then transform to β-strand after fibrillization. By using circular dichroism, thioflavin-T binding test, and transmission electron microscopy, we studied the secondary structure and assembly behavior of Ac-RADARADARADARADA-NH2 (RADA16-I) in a low concentration range. The effects of peptide concentration, solvent polarity, pH, and temperature were investigated in detail. Our results showed that at very low concentrations, even though the peptide was in a disordered secondary structure, it could still form nanofibers through intermolecular assembly, and under higher peptide concentrations, the transformation from the disordered structure to β-strand could happen with the growth of nanofibers. Our results indicated that even without ordered β-strand conformation, driving forces such as hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction could still play a determinative role in the self-assembly of peptides. At least in some cases, the formation of β-strand might be the consequence rather than the cause of peptide fibrillization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory
of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience
Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West
China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory
of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongzhu Chen
- Laboratory
of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience
Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West
China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Periodical
Press of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory
of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience
Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West
China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National-Local
Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chen Y, Qiu F, Tang C, Xing Z, Zhao X. Controllable self-patterning behaviours of flexible self-assembling peptide nanofibers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1603-1611. [PMID: 36132572 PMCID: PMC9419878 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Extremely long flexible self-assembling peptide nanofibers can be manipulated to form various two-dimensional patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhu Chen
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine
- Translational Neuroscience Centre
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine
- Translational Neuroscience Centre
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
| | - Chengkang Tang
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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Peng F, Zhang W, Qiu F. Self-assembling Peptides in Current Nanomedicine: Versatile Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4855-4881. [PMID: 31309877 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712154021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of modern nanomedicine greatly depends on the involvement of novel materials as drug delivery system. In order to maximize the therapeutic effects of drugs and minimize their side effects, a number of natural or synthetic materials have been widely investigated for drug delivery. Among these materials, biomimetic self-assembling peptides (SAPs) have received more attention in recent years. Considering the rapidly growing number of SAPs designed for drug delivery, a summary of how SAPs-based drug delivery systems were designed, would be beneficial. METHOD We outlined research works on different SAPs that have been investigated as carriers for different drugs, focusing on the design of SAPs nanomaterials and how they were used for drug delivery in different strategies. RESULTS Based on the principle rules of chemical complementarity and structural compatibility, SAPs such as ionic self-complementary peptide, peptide amphiphile and surfactant-like peptide could be designed. Determined by the features of peptide materials and the drugs to be delivered, different strategies such as hydrogel embedding, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, covalent conjugation or the combination of them could be employed to fabricate SAPs-drug complex, which could achieve slow release, targeted or environment-responsive delivery of drugs. Furthermore, some SAPs could also be combined with other types of materials for drug delivery, or even act as drug by themselves. CONCLUSION Various types of SAPs have been designed and used for drug delivery following various strategies, suggesting that SAPs as a category of versatile nanomaterials have promising potential in the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Chen Y, Peng F, Su T, Yang H, Qiu F. Direct Identification of Amyloid Peptide Fragments in Human α-Synuclein Based on Consecutive Hydrophobic Amino Acids. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11677-11686. [PMID: 32478258 PMCID: PMC7254785 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Formation of amyloid fibrils by misfolding
α-synuclein is
a characteristic feature of Parkinson’s disease, but the exact
molecular mechanism of this process has long been an unresolved mystery.
Identification of critical amyloid peptide fragments from α-synuclein
may hold the key to decipher this mystery. Focusing on consecutive
hydrophobic amino acids (CHAA) in the protein sequence, in this study
we proposed a sequence-based strategy for direct identification of
amyloid peptide fragments in α-synuclein. We picked out three
CHAA fragments (two hexapeptides and one tetrapeptide) from α-synuclein
and studied their amyloidogenic property. The thioflavin-T binding
test, transmission electron microscopy, Congo red staining, and Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that although only hexapeptides
could undergo amyloid aggregation on their own, extended peptide fragments
based on any of the three peptides could form typical amyloid fibrils.
Primary amyloidogenic fragments based on the three peptides showed
synergetic aggregation behavior and could accelerate the aggregation
of full-length α-synuclein. It was proved that hydrophobic interaction
played a predominant role for the aggregation of these peptides and
full-length α-synuclein. A central alanine-to-lysine substitution
in each hydrophobic fragment completely eliminated the peptides’
amyloidogenic property, and alanine-to-lysine substitutions at corresponding
sites in full-length α-synuclein also decreased the protein’s
amyloidogenic potency. These findings suggested that CHAA fragments
were potentially amyloidogenic and played an important role for the
aggregation of α-synuclein. The identification of these fragments
might provide helpful information for eventually clarifying the molecular
mechanism of α-synuclein aggregation. On the other hand, our
study suggested that the CHAA fragment might be a simple motif for
direct sequence-based identification of amyloid peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhu Chen
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Periodical Press of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Su
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Horváth D, Menyhárd DK, Perczel A. Protein Aggregation in a Nutshell: The Splendid Molecular Architecture of the Dreaded Amyloid Fibrils. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 20:1077-1088. [PMID: 31553291 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190925102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent high-resolution structures of amyloid fibrils show that the organization of peptide segments into amyloid aggregate architecture is a general process, though the morphology is more complex and intricate than suspected previously. The amyloid fibrils are often cytotoxic, accumulating as intracellular inclusions or extracellular plaques and have the ability to interfere with cellular physiology causing various cellular malfunctions. At the same time, the highly ordered amyloid structures also present an opportunity for nature to store and protect peptide chains under extreme conditions - something that might be used for designing storage, formulation, and delivery of protein medications or for contriving bio-similar materials of great resistance or structure-ordering capacity. Here we summarize amyloid characteristics; discussing the basic morphologies, sequential requirements and 3D-structure that are required for the understanding of this newly (re)discovered protein structure - a prerequisite for developing either inhibitors or promoters of amyloid-forming processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Horváth
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra K Menyhárd
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry & Biology and MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1518, 112, PO Box 32, Budapest, Hungary
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Lee S, Trinh TH, Yoo M, Shin J, Lee H, Kim J, Hwang E, Lim YB, Ryou C. Self-Assembling Peptides and Their Application in the Treatment of Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5850. [PMID: 31766475 PMCID: PMC6928719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides are biomedical materials with unique structures that are formed in response to various environmental conditions. Governed by their physicochemical characteristics, the peptides can form a variety of structures with greater reactivity than conventional non-biological materials. The structural divergence of self-assembling peptides allows for various functional possibilities; when assembled, they can be used as scaffolds for cell and tissue regeneration, and vehicles for drug delivery, conferring controlled release, stability, and targeting, and avoiding side effects of drugs. These peptides can also be used as drugs themselves. In this review, we describe the basic structure and characteristics of self-assembling peptides and the various factors that affect the formation of peptide-based structures. We also summarize the applications of self-assembling peptides in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Furthermore, the in-cell self-assembly of peptides, termed reverse self-assembly, is discussed as a novel paradigm for self-assembling peptide-based nanovehicles and nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungeun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Trang H.T. Trinh
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Miryeong Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Junwu Shin
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Hakmin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaehyeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Euimin Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (E.H.); (Y.-b.L.)
| | - Yong-beom Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (E.H.); (Y.-b.L.)
| | - Chongsuk Ryou
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea; (S.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.); (H.L.); (J.K.)
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Chen Y, Xing Z, Liao D, Qiu F. Neglected Hydrophobicity of Dimethanediyl Group in Peptide Self-Assembly: A Hint from Amyloid-like Peptide GNNQQNY and Its Derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10470-10477. [PMID: 30372075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Besides typical hydrophobic amino acids providing hydrophobic interactions, glutamine as a hydrophilic amino acid has also been known to be an important element in many self-assembling peptides, but it is still not clear how this particular amino acid contributes to the self-assembling process. We supposed that the dimethanediyl group in the side chain of glutamine could provide hydrophobic interaction for peptide self-assembly. To prove this hypothesis, we used the GNNQQNY peptide and its derivatives as examples to show the importance of the dimethanediyl group for peptide self-assembly. We found a very close relationship between the number of dimethanediyl groups, the strength of hydrophobic interaction, and the self-assembling ability of the peptides, indicating the hydrophobicity of the dimethanediyl group and its important role for self-assembly. This new finding might be instructive for clarifying the self-assembling mechanism of many natural peptides, as well as for developing novel self-assembling peptide nanomaterials.
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Qiu F, Chen Y, Tang C, Zhao X. Amphiphilic peptides as novel nanomaterials: design, self-assembly and application. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5003-5022. [PMID: 30214203 PMCID: PMC6128269 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s166403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Designer self-assembling peptides are a category of emerging nanobiomaterials which have been widely investigated in the past decades. In this field, amphiphilic peptides have received special attention for their simplicity in design and versatility in application. This review focuses on recent progress in designer amphiphilic peptides, trying to give a comprehensive overview about this special type of self-assembling peptides. By exploring published studies on several typical types of amphiphilic peptides in recent years, herein we discuss in detail the basic design, self-assembling behaviors and the mechanism of amphiphilic peptides, as well as how their nanostructures are affected by the peptide characteristics or environmental parameters. The applications of these peptides as potential nanomaterials for nanomedicine and nanotechnology are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, .,Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, ,
| | - Yongzhu Chen
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, , .,Periodical Press of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengkang Tang
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, , .,Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, ,
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