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Akinwale AD, Parang K, Tiwari RK, Yamaki J. Mechanistic Study of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Cyclic Amphipathic Peptide [R 4W 4] against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:555. [PMID: 38927221 PMCID: PMC11201061 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as a potential strategy to combat antibiotic resistance due to their ability to reduce susceptibility to antibiotics. This study explored whether the [R4W4] peptide mode of action is bacteriostatic or bactericidal using modified two-fold serial dilution and evaluating the synergism between gentamicin and [R4W4] against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by a checkered board assay. [R4W4] exhibited bactericidal activity against bacterial isolates (MBC/MIC ≤ 4), with a synergistic effect with gentamicin against E. coli (FICI = 0.3) but not against MRSA (FICI = 0.75). Moreover, we investigated the mechanism of action of [R4W4] against MRSA by applying biophysical assays to evaluate zeta potential, cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) binding affinity. [R4W4] at a 16 mg/mL concentration stabilized the zeta potential of MRSA -31 ± 0.88 mV to -8.37 mV. Also, [R4W4] at 2 × MIC and 16 × MIC revealed a membrane perturbation process associated with concentration-dependent effects. Lastly, in the presence of BODIPY-TR-cadaverine (BC) fluorescence dyes, [R4W4] exhibited binding affinity to LTA comparable with melittin, the positive control. In addition, the antibacterial activity of [R4W4] against MRSA remained unchanged in the absence and presence of LTA, with an MIC of 8 µg/mL. Therefore, the [R4W4] mechanism of action is deemed bactericidal, involving interaction with bacterial cell membranes, causing concentration-dependent membrane perturbation. Additionally, after 30 serial passages, there was a modest increment of MRSA strains resistant to [R4W4] and a change in antibacterial effectiveness MIC [R4W4] and vancomycin by 8 and 4 folds with a slight change in Levofloxacin MIC 1 to 2 µg/mL. These data suggest that [R4W4] warrants further consideration as a potential AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajayi David Akinwale
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific–Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - Jason Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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Beyer L, Schäfer AB, Undabarrena A, Mattsby-Baltzer I, Tietze D, Svensson E, Stubelius A, Wenzel M, Cámara B, Tietze AA. Mimicking Nonribosomal Peptides from the Marine Actinomycete Streptomyces sp. H-KF8 Leads to Antimicrobial Peptides. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:79-92. [PMID: 38113038 PMCID: PMC10788856 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms within the marine environment have been shown to be very effective sources of naturally produced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Several nonribosomal peptides were identified based on genome mining predictions of Streptomyces sp. H-KF8, a marine Actinomycetota isolated from a remote Northern Chilean Patagonian fjord. Based on these predictions, a series of eight peptides, including cyclic peptides, were designed and chemically synthesized. Six of these peptides showed antimicrobial activity. Mode of action studies suggest that two of these peptides potentially act on the cell membrane via a novel mechanism allowing the passage of small ions, resulting in the dissipation of the membrane potential. This study shows that though structurally similar peptides, determined by NMR spectroscopy, the incorporation of small sequence mutations results in a dramatic influence on their bioactivity including mode of action. The qualified hit sequence can serve as a basis for more potent AMPs in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa
I. Beyer
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular
and Translational Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan
7B, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Ann-Britt Schäfer
- Department
of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of
Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Agustina Undabarrena
- Departamento
de Química & Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay
Lowitt, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología
Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico
Santa María, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Inger Mattsby-Baltzer
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska
Academy at University of Gothenburg, University
of Gothenburg, Box 440, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Daniel Tietze
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular
and Translational Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan
7B, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Elin Svensson
- Department
of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of
Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Department
of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of
Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Michaela Wenzel
- Department
of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of
Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Cámara
- Departamento
de Química & Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay
Lowitt, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología
Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico
Santa María, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Alesia A. Tietze
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular
and Translational Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan
7B, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, Göteborg 405 30, Sweden
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