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Uray K, Pimm MV, Hudecz F. The effect of the branched chain polypeptide carrier on biodistribution of covalently attached B-cell epitope peptide (APDTRPAPG) derived from mucin 1 glycoprotein. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 664:127-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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2
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Kakwere H, Ingham ES, Allen R, Mahakian LM, Tam SM, Zhang H, Silvestrini MT, Lewis JS, Ferrara KW. Toward Personalized Peptide-Based Cancer Nanovaccines: A Facile and Versatile Synthetic Approach. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2756-2771. [PMID: 28956907 PMCID: PMC5687982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) are receiving attention as an avenue for cancer immunotherapy. PCVs employ immunogenic peptide epitopes capable of stimulating the immune system to destroy cancer cells with great specificity. Challenges associated with effective delivery of these peptides include poor solubility of hydrophobic sequences, rapid clearance, and poor immunogenicity, among others. The incorporation of peptides into nanoparticles has the potential to overcome these challenges, but the broad range of functionalities found in amino acids presents a challenge to conjugation due to possible interferences and lack of reaction specificity. Herein, a facile and versatile approach to generating nanosized PCVs under mild nonstringent conditions is reported. Following a simple two-step semibatch synthetic approach, amphiphilic hyperbranched polymer-peptide conjugates were prepared by the conjugation of melanoma antigen peptides, either TRP2 (hydrophobic) or MUT30 (hydrophilic), to an alkyne functionalized core via strain-promoted azide-alkyne click chemistry. Self-assembly of the amphiphiles gave spherical nanovaccines (by transmission electron microscopy) with sizes in the range of 10-30 nm (by dynamic light scattering). Fluorescently labeled nanovaccines were prepared to investigate the cellular uptake by antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells), and uptake was confirmed by flow cytometry and microscopy. The TRP2 nanovaccine was taken up the most followed by MUT30 nanoparticles and, finally, nanoparticles without peptide. The nanovaccines showed good biocompatibility against B16-F10 cells, yet the TRP2 peptide showed signs of toxicity, possibly due to its hydrophobicity. A test for immunogenicity revealed that the nanovaccines were poorly immunogenic, implying the need for an adjuvant when administered in vivo. Treatment of mice with melanoma tumors showed that in combination with adjuvant, CpG, groups with the peptide nanovaccines slowed tumor growth and improved survival (up to 24 days, TRP2) compared to the untreated group (14 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamilton Kakwere
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Ingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Riley Allen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Lisa M. Mahakian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sarah M. Tam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Matthew T. Silvestrini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jamal S. Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Katherine W. Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Comparative Genomics of Herpesviridae Family to Look for Potential Signatures of Human Infecting Strains. Int J Genomics 2016; 2016:9543274. [PMID: 27314006 PMCID: PMC4899598 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9543274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesviridae family is one of the significant viral families which comprises major pathogens of a wide range of hosts. This family includes at least eight species of viruses which are known to infect humans. This family has evolved 180–220 million years ago and the present study highlights that it is still evolving and more genes can be added to the repertoire of this family. In addition, its core-genome includes important viral proteins including glycoprotein B and helicase. Most of the infections caused by human herpesviruses have no definitive cure; thus, search for new therapeutic strategies is necessary. The present study finds core-genome of human herpesviruses that differs from that of Herpesviridae family and nonhuman herpes strains of this family and might be a putative target for vaccine development. The phylogenetic reconstruction based upon the protein sequences of core gene set of Herpesviridae family reveals the sharp splits of its different subfamilies and supports the hypothesis of coevolution of viruses with their hosts. In addition, data mining for cis-elements in the genomes of human herpesviruses results in the prediction of numerous regulatory elements which can be used for regulating the expression of viral based vectors implicated in gene therapies.
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Prediction and identification of potential immunodominant epitopes in glycoproteins B, C, E, G, and I of herpes simplex virus type 2. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:205313. [PMID: 22649465 PMCID: PMC3357521 DOI: 10.1155/2012/205313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Twenty B candidate epitopes of glycoproteins B (gB2), C (gC2), E (gE2), G (gG2), and I (gI2) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) were predicted using DNAstar, Biosun, and Antheprot methods combined with the polynomial method. Subsequently, the biological functions of the peptides were tested via experiments in vitro. Among the 20 epitope peptides, 17 could react with the antisera to the corresponding parent proteins in the EIA tests. In particular, five peptides, namely, gB2466–473 (EQDRKPRN), gC2216–223 (GRTDRPSA), gE2483–491 (DPPERPDSP), gG2572–579 (EPPDDDDS), and gI2286-295 (CRRRYRRPRG) had strong reaction with the antisera. All conjugates of the five peptides with the carrier protein BSA could stimulate mice into producing antibodies. The antisera to these peptides reacted strongly with the corresponding parent glycoproteins during the Western Blot tests, and the peptides reacted strongly with the antibodies against the parent glycoproteins during the EIA tests. The antisera against the five peptides could neutralize HSV-2 infection in vitro, which has not been reported until now. These results suggest that the immunodominant epitopes screened using software algorithms may be used for virus diagnosis and vaccine design against HSV-2.
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Wang X, Xie G, Liao J, Yin D, Guan W, Pan M, Li J, Li Y. Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope assembly peptide (MEAP) against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in BALB/c mice. Virol J 2011; 8:232. [PMID: 21575169 PMCID: PMC3113306 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and 2 causes oral, ocular, or genital infections, which remains a significant health problem worldwide. HSV-1 and -2 infections in humans range from localized skin infections of the oral, ocular, and genital regions to severe and often disseminated infections in immunocompromised hosts. Epitope based vaccination is a promising mean to achieve protective immunity and to avoid infections with Human herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). METHODS The twelve selected epitopes, six B cell epitopes from different glycoprotein of HSV-2 (amino acid residues 466-473 (EQDRKPRN) from envelope glycoprotein B, 216-223 (GRTDRPSA) from C, 6-18 (DPSLKMADPNRFR) from D, 483-491 (DPPERPDSP) from E, 572-579 (EPPDDDDS) from G and 286-295 (CRRRYRRPRG) from I glycoprotein of HSV-2), four CD4+ T cell epitopes (amino acid residues 21-28 (NLPVLDQL) from D, 162-177 (KDVTVSQVWFGHRYSQ) from B, 205-224 (KAYQQGVTVDSIGMLPRFIP) from D and 245-259 (KPPYTSTLLPPELSD) from D) and two CD8+ T cell epitopes (amino acid residues 10-20 (KMADPNRFRGK) from D and 268-276 (ALLEDPAGT) from D), are responsible for the elicitation of the neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that impart protective immunity to the host. In this study, all above epitopes were inserted into the extracellular fragment (amino acid residues 1-290) of HSV-2 glycoprotein D to construct multi-epitope assembly peptides (MEAPs) by replacing some non-epitope amino acid sequences. The epitope independency of the MEAPs was predicted by three-dimensional software algorithms. The gene of the selected MEAP was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3), and its protective efficacy against HSV-2 infection was assessed in BALB/c mice. RESULTS The MEAP, with each inserted epitopes independently displayed on the molecule surface, was selected as candidate proteins. The results showed that the MEAP was highly immunogenic and could elicit high titer neutralizing antibodies and cell-mediated immune responses. CONCLUSIONS The MEAP provided complete protection against infection with HSV-2 in mice, which indicates that it might be a potential candidate vaccine against HSV-2.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Female
- Herpes Simplex/prevention & control
- Herpes Simplex/virology
- Herpesvirus 2, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus Vaccines/genetics
- Herpesvirus Vaccines/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingsheng Wang
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Guangyan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China, 230038
| | - Jianming Liao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China, 210009
| | - Dengke Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China, 230038
| | - Wenyan Guan
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Mingjie Pan
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jingnian Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China, 230038
| | - Yuexi Li
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210002, China
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Kolozsi A, Vosekalna I, Martinek T, Larsen E, Gyurcsik B. Copper(ii) and zinc(ii) ion binding properties of a MAP type branched ligand with histidines as surface functionalities. Dalton Trans 2009:5647-54. [DOI: 10.1039/b903721g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Tugyi R, Mezõ G, Gitta S, Fellinger E, Andreu D, Hudecz F. Effect of Conjugation with Polypeptide Carrier on the Enzymatic Degradation of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D Derived Epitope Peptide. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1652-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc700469r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Tugyi
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gábor Mezõ
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Schlosser Gitta
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erzsébet Fellinger
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferenc Hudecz
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Tugyi R, Mezö G, Fellinger E, Andreu D, Hudecz F. The effect of cyclization on the enzymatic degradation of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D derived epitope peptide. J Pept Sci 2005; 11:642-9. [PMID: 15864815 DOI: 10.1002/psc.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One linear and three cyclic peptides corresponding to the 278-287 ((278)LLEDPVGTVA(287)) sequence of glycoprotein D (gD-1) of herpes simplex virus were synthesized for the analysis of the effect of cyclization on protection against enzymatic degradation. In this design, the turn-forming motif ((281)DPVG(284)) was positioned in the central part of the peptide and elongated by three amino acids at both termini. Cyclopeptide formation was achieved by the introduction of a peptide bond, a disulfide bridge or a thioether link. The stability of these peptides was compared in human serum and also in rat lysosomal preparations. The data obtained in 10% and 50% human serum show that all three types of cyclization enhanced the stability, but at different levels. Complete stability was only achieved by the introduction of a thioether link, while the presence of a disulfide or peptide bond resulted in improved, but partial resistance against hydrolytic decomposition. In lysosomal preparations the presence of cyclic primary structure provided full protection against enzymatic hydrolysis. Taken together, these findings indicate that by appropriate structural modification it is feasible to construct a synthetic antigen with high stability against enzymatic degradation in complex biological fluids. Further studies are in progress to identify enzymes responsible for degradation in diluted human sera as well as in the lysosomal preparations and to gain more detailed information on the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Tugyi
- Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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9
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Mezö G, Manea M, Jakab A, Kapuvári B, Bösze S, Schlosser G, Przybylski M, Hudecz F. Synthesis and structural characterization of bioactive peptide conjugates using thioether linkage approaches. J Pept Sci 2004; 10:701-13. [PMID: 15635622 DOI: 10.1002/psc.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Applications of cysteine-insertion and thioether linkage approaches to the preparation of a number of bioactive peptide conjugates are reported. Peptides containing epitopes from (i) herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D, (ii) a specific N-terminal beta-amyloid epitope recognized by therapeutically active antibodies, and (iii) a GnRH-III peptide from sea lamprey with antitumour activity, were elongated with Cys residues and attached to a chloroacetylated tetratuftsin derivative carrier via a thioether linkage either directly, or by insertion of a spacer. The structures and molecular homogeneity of all the peptide conjugates were ascertained by HPLC, MALDI and electrospray mass spectrometry. The use of a spacer such as an oligoglycine or GFLG-tetrapeptide gave an increased yield in the conjugation reaction and enhanced reaction rates. In the formation of cysteinyl-thioether linkages, it was found that the position of flanking Cys residues markedly influenced the conjugation reaction and the formation of intermolecular epitope disulfide-dimers. C-terminal Cys residues gave thioether conjugates with significantly diminished epitope-dimerization, while Cys at the N-terminal caused rapid disulfide-dimerization, thereby preventing efficient conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Mezö
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Hossany RB, Johnson MA, Eniade AA, Pinto BM. Synthesis and immunochemical characterization of protein conjugates of carbohydrate and carbohydrate-mimetic peptides as experimental vaccines. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:3743-54. [PMID: 15186860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2003] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The peptides DRPVPY and MDWNMHAA, which were identified as mimics of the cell-surface polysaccharides of Streptococcus Group A and Shigella flexneri Y, respectively, were used in this study to develop experimental vaccines directed against these two bacteria. Both oligopeptides were synthesized employing the Fmoc solid-phase strategy and linked via the amino end to a bifunctional linker, diethylsquarate. These adducts were then conjugated to the two carrier proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tetanus toxoid (TT) to yield the peptide conjugate vaccines. The average level of incorporation of DRPVPY and MDWNMHAA on TT was 65% and 75%, respectively, whereas that of both peptide haptens on BSA was 100%. A polysaccharide conjugate against S. flexneri Y, which comprises about 10 tetrasaccharide repeating units, was also prepared based on reductive amination at the reducing end with 1,3-diaminopropane, followed by coupling of the aminated polysaccharide to diethylsquarate, and subsequent coupling of the adduct to TT. An average incorporation of 73% of polysaccharide haptens was achieved. The glycoconjugate and the oligopeptide conjugates were shown to bind effectively to the respective monoclonal antibodies directed against the cell-surface polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana B Hossany
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6
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11
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Harb W, Ruiz-López MF, Coutrot F, Grison C, Coutrot P. A Model for Double Asymmetric Induction in the Stereocontrolled Reduction of Glycosyl α-Ketoesters with Oxazaborolidines. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:6996-7008. [PMID: 15174869 DOI: 10.1021/ja031778y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Experimental diastereoselectivities for the stereocontrolled reduction of glycosyl alpha-ketoesters into the corresponding alpha-hydroxyesters have recently been reported with unexpected results. The process is catalyzed by a chiral oxazaborolidine derivative (the so-called CBS catalyst) and represents the key step in the synthesis of glycosyl alpha-amino acids synthons, a class of compounds that allow preparation of natural glycopeptides analogues exhibiting potential therapeutic relevance. Good to very good diastereomeric excesses have been obtained for a series of reactions with different glucidic derivatives, but surprisingly, the major product obtained does not correspond to that predicted by using Corey's model. In the present work, we carry out a theoretical investigation of these reactions at the density functional level. Separated effects from the catalyst and from the glucidic derivative have been computed to rationalize the observed diastereoselectivities and the double asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Harb
- Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS-UHP No. 7565, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I. BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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12
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Coutrot F, Grison C, Coutrot P. A route to new galactosyl peptides: application to the synthesis of a galactosyl pentapeptide analogue of leu-enkephalin. CR CHIM 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2003.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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A concise synthesis of glycosyl-α-amino acid derivatives via homologation of dialdoses into bromo uronic acids and esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Meźó G, Majer Z, Vass E, Jimenez MA, Andreu D, Hudecz F. Conformational study of linear and cyclic peptides corresponding to the 276-284 epitope region of HSV gD-1. Biophys Chem 2003; 103:51-65. [PMID: 12504254 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The results of conformational analysis of linear and cyclic peptides from the 276SALLEDPVG(284) sequence of glycoprotein D of Herpes simplex virus are presented. The epitope peptides were synthesized by SPPS and on resin cyclization was applied for preparation of cyclic compounds. Circular dichroism spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to determine of the solution structure of both linear and cyclic peptides. The results indicated that the cyclopeptides containing the core of the epitope (DPVG) as a part of the cycle have more stable beta-turn structure than the linear peptides or the cyclic analogues, where the core motif is not a part of the cycle. NMR study of H-SALLc(EDPVGK)-NH(2) confirm presence of a type I beta-turn structure which includes the DPVG epitope core.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meźó
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary.
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