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Balázs D, Marik T, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L, Tyagi C. Structure-activity correlations for peptaibols obtained from clade Longibrachiatum of Trichoderma: A combined experimental and computational approach. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1860-1873. [PMID: 36915379 PMCID: PMC10006723 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated disease management and plant protection have been discussed with much fervor in the past decade due to the rising environmental concerns of using industrially produced pesticides. Members of the genus Trichoderma are a subject of considerable research today due to their several properties as biocontrol agents. In our study, the peptaibol production of Trichoderma longibrachiatum SZMC 1775, T. longibrachiatum f. bissettii SZMC 12546, T. reesei SZMC 22616, T. reesei SZMC 22614, T. saturnisporum SZMC 22606 and T. effusum SZMC 22611 were investigated to elucidate structure-activity relationships (SARs) between the properties of peptaibols and their 3D structures. The effects of peptaibol mixtures obtained from every Trichoderma strain were examined against nine commonly known bacteria. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC, mg ml-1) were exerted by T. longibrachiatum f. bissettii SZMC 12546 against Gram-positive bacteria, which was also able to inhibit the plant pathogenic Gram-negative Rhizobium radiobacter. Accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations were performed in aqueous solvent to explore the folding dynamics of 12 selected peptaibol sequences. The most characteristic difference between the peptaibols from group A and B relies in the 'Gly-Leu-Aib-Pro' and 'Gly-Aib-Aib-Pro' motifs ('Aib' stands for α-aminoisobutyric acid), which imparted a significant effect on the folding dynamics in water and might be correlated with their expressed bioactivity. In our aMD simulation experiments, Group A peptaibols showed more restricted folding dynamics with well-folded helical conformations as the most stable representative structures. This structural stability and dynamics may contribute to their bioactivity against the selected bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Balázs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Das S, Ben Haj Salah K, Wenger E, Martinez J, Kotarba J, Andreu V, Ruiz N, Savini F, Stella L, Didierjean C, Legrand B, Inguimbert N. Enhancing the Antimicrobial Activity of Alamethicin F50/5 by Incorporating N-terminal Hydrophobic Triazole Substituents. Chemistry 2017; 23:17964-17972. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Das
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire d'Excellence « CORAIL » Bâtiment T; 58 avenue P. Alduy 66860 Perpignan France)
| | - Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire d'Excellence « CORAIL » Bâtiment T; 58 avenue P. Alduy 66860 Perpignan France)
| | - Emmanuel Wenger
- CRM2 (UMR UL-CNRS 7036) Faculté des Sciences et Technologies; Université de Lorraine; 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France)
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS; Université de Montpellier; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Ruiz
- Laboratoire Mer Molécules Santé.; Université de Nantes, UFR de Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques; 9 rue Bias-BP 61112 44035 Nantes France
| | - Filippo Savini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche; Università di Roma, Tor Vergata; Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Roma Italy)
| | - Lorenzo Stella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche; Università di Roma, Tor Vergata; Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Roma Italy)
| | - Claude Didierjean
- CRM2 (UMR UL-CNRS 7036) Faculté des Sciences et Technologies; Université de Lorraine; 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France)
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS; Université de Montpellier; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Nicolas Inguimbert
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire d'Excellence « CORAIL » Bâtiment T; 58 avenue P. Alduy 66860 Perpignan France)
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Siow A, Hung KY, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. Solid-Phase Synthesis of the Peptaibol Alamethicin U-22324 by Using a Double-Linker Strategy. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Siow
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 3A Symonds St 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Kuo-yuan Hung
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 3A Symonds St 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 3A Symonds St 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 3A Symonds St 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 1142 Auckland New Zealand
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Abstract
The term nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) commonly refers to capillary electrophoresis with purely nonaqueous background electrolytes (BGE). Main advantages of NACE are the possibility to analyze substances with very low solubility in aqueous media as well as separation selectivity that can be quite different in organic solvents (compared to water)-a property that can be employed for manipulation of separation selectivities. Mass spectrometry (MS) has become more and more popular as a detector in CE a fact that applies also for NACE. In the present chapter, the development of NACE-MS since 2004 is reviewed. Relevant parameters like composition of BGE and its influence on separation and detection in NACE as well as sheath liquid for NACE-MS are discussed. Finally, an overview of the papers published in the field of NACE-MS between 2004 and 2014 is given. Applications are grouped according to the field (analysis of natural products, biomedical analysis, food analysis, analysis of industrial products, and fundamental investigations).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz, 4040, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
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Nagao T, Mishima D, Javkhlantugs N, Wang J, Ishioka D, Yokota K, Norisada K, Kawamura I, Ueda K, Naito A. Structure and orientation of antibiotic peptide alamethicin in phospholipid bilayers as revealed by chemical shift oscillation analysis of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics simulation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2789-98. [PMID: 26248014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The structure, topology and orientation of membrane-bound antibiotic alamethicin were studied using solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. (13)C chemical shift interaction was observed in [1-(13)C]-labeled alamethicin. The isotropic chemical shift values indicated that alamethicin forms a helical structure in the entire region. The chemical shift anisotropy of the carbonyl carbon of isotopically labeled alamethicin was also analyzed with the assumption that alamethicin molecules rotate rapidly about the bilayer normal of the phospholipid bilayers. It is considered that the adjacent peptide planes form an angle of 100° or 120° when it forms α-helix or 310-helix, respectively. These properties lead to an oscillation of the chemical shift anisotropy with respect to the phase angle of the peptide plane. Anisotropic data were acquired for the 4 and 7 sites of the N- and C-termini, respectively. The results indicated that the helical axes for the N- and C-termini were tilted 17° and 32° to the bilayer normal, respectively. The chemical shift oscillation curves indicate that the N- and C-termini form the α-helix and 310-helix, respectively. The C-terminal 310-helix of alamethicin in the bilayer was experimentally observed and the unique bending structure of alamethicin was further confirmed by measuring the internuclear distances of [1-(13)C] and [(15)N] doubly-labeled alamethicin. Molecular dynamics simulation of alamethicin embedded into dimyristoyl phophatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayers indicates that the helical axes for α-helical N- and 310-helical C-termini are tilted 12° and 32° to the bilayer normal, respectively, which is in good agreement with the solid state NMR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nagao
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mishima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Namsrai Javkhlantugs
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - Jun Wang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishioka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Yokota
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazushi Norisada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Izuru Kawamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ueda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
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Röhrich CR, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H, Iversen A, Vilcinskas A, Nielsen KF, Thrane U, von Döhren H, Brückner H, Degenkolb T. Front line defenders of the ecological niche! Screening the structural diversity of peptaibiotics from saprotrophic and fungicolous Trichoderma/Hypocrea species. FUNGAL DIVERS 2014; 69:117-146. [PMID: 25722662 PMCID: PMC4338523 DOI: 10.1007/s13225-013-0276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 950 individual sequences of non-ribosomally biosynthesised peptides are produced by the genus Trichoderma/Hypocrea that belong to a perpetually growing class of mostly linear antibiotic oligopeptides, which are rich in the non-proteinogenic α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). Thus, they are comprehensively named peptaibiotics. Notably, peptaibiotics represent ca. 80 % of the total inventory of secondary metabolites currently known from Trichoderma/Hypocrea. Their unique membrane-modifying bioactivity results from amphipathicity and helicity, thus making them ideal candidates in assisting both colonisation and defence of the natural habitats by their fungal producers. Despite this, reports on the in vivo-detection of peptaibiotics have scarcely been published in the past. In order to evaluate the significance of peptaibiotic production for a broader range of potential producers, we screened nine specimens belonging to seven hitherto uninvestigated fungicolous or saprotrophic Trichoderma/Hypocrea species by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high resolution mass spectrometry. Sequences of peptaibiotics found were independently confirmed by analysing the peptaibiome of pure agar cultures obtained by single-ascospore isolation from the specimens. Of the nine species examined, five were screened positive for peptaibiotics. A total of 78 peptaibiotics were sequenced, 56 (=72 %) of which are new. Notably, dihydroxyphenylalaninol and O-prenylated tyrosinol, two C-terminal residues, which have not been reported for peptaibiotics before, were found as well as new and recurrent sequences carrying the recently described tyrosinol residue at their C-terminus. The majority of peptaibiotics sequenced are 18- or 19-residue peptaibols. Structural homologies with 'classical representatives' of subfamily 1 (SF1)-peptaibiotics argue for the formation of transmembrane ion channels, which are prone to facilitate the producer capture and defence of its substratum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Röhrich
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany. Present Address: AB SCIEX Germany GmbH, Landwehrstrasse 54, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Walter M Jaklitsch
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Iversen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. Present Address: Danish Emergency Management Agency, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kristian Fog Nielsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulf Thrane
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hans von Döhren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Franklinstrasse 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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7
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Ben Haj Salah K, Inguimbert N. Efficient Microwave-Assisted One Shot Synthesis of Peptaibols Using Inexpensive Coupling Reagents. Org Lett 2014; 16:1783-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5003253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Recherche Insulaire
et Observatoire de l’Environnement (CRIOBE) USR CNRS 3278,
Centre de Phytopharmacie, batiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Nicolas Inguimbert
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Recherche Insulaire
et Observatoire de l’Environnement (CRIOBE) USR CNRS 3278,
Centre de Phytopharmacie, batiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
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Kimonyo A, Brückner H. Sequences of metanicins, 20-residue peptaibols from the ascomycetous fungus CBS 597.80. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:813-26. [PMID: 23681727 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Four linear 20-residue peptaibols, named metanicins (MTCs) A-D, were isolated from submerged cultures of the ascomycetous fungus CBS 597.80. Structure elucidation was performed by a combination of fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS), electrospray ionization MS, Edman degradation of isolated fragments, and amino acid analysis by ion-exchange and gas chromatography, and enantioselective HPLC. The sequences of MTC A(B) are (amino acid exchange in B and C in parentheses): Ac-Aib-Ala-Aib-Ala-Aib-Ala-Gln-Aib-Val-Aib-Gly-Leu-Aib-Pro-Val-Aib-Aib(D-Iva)-Gln-Gln-Pheol and of MTC C(D) Ac-Aib-Ala-Aib-Ala-Aib-Ala-Gln-Aib-Val-Aib-Gly-Leu-Aib-Pro-Val-Aib-Aib(D-Iva)-Gln-Gln-Pheol (Ac, acetyl; Aib, α-aminoisobutyric acid; Iva, isovaline; Pheol, L-phenylalaninol). The peptides are related, and some of the sequences are identical, to other 20-residue peptaibols isolated from Trichoderma species. MTCs show moderate activities against Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and very low activities against Bacillus subtilis. The producer has originally been identified and deposited as Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae CBS 597.80. Although this identification has been withdrawn by Centralbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) in the meantime, the accession number will be retained - independently from any taxonomic revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastase Kimonyo
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition IFZ, Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Food Sciences, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32, D-35392 Giessen.
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Alhusban AA, Breadmore MC, Guijt RM. Capillary electrophoresis for monitoring bioprocesses. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1465-82. [PMID: 23657993 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chemical characterization and monitoring of fermentation broths and cell culture media provide significant information on the changes occurring within these complex and dynamic systems. Analytical methods based on CE in capillaries and microchips are attractive for integration in instrumental tools to obtain this critical data, improving the understanding and control of bioprocesses. In this review, the use of CE for chemical characterization and monitoring fermentations is discussed, organized by analyte class, including organic acids, pharmaceuticals, proteins, sugars, amino acids, and metabolites published between 1992 and October 2012. A section is dedicated to the roles CE plays throughout the wine making process, where applications range from characterization and increase in fundamental understanding of the fermentation to forensic applications, verifying the authenticity of the wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala A Alhusban
- Australian Center for Research on Separation Science, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Australia
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Röhrich CR, Iversen A, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H, Vilcinskas A, Nielsen KF, Thrane U, von Döhren H, Brückner H, Degenkolb T. Screening the biosphere: the fungicolous fungus Trichoderma phellinicola, a prolific source of hypophellins, new 17-, 18-, 19-, and 20-residue peptaibiotics. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:787-812. [PMID: 23681726 PMCID: PMC3734673 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the significance of antibiotics for the producing organism(s) in the natural habitat, we screened a specimen of the fungicolous fungus Trichoderma phellinicola (syn. Hypocrea phellinicola) growing on its natural host Phellinus ferruginosus. Results revealed that a particular group of non-ribosomal antibiotic polypeptides, peptaibiotics, which contain the non-proteinogenic marker amino acid, α-aminoisobutyric acid, was biosynthesized in the natural habitat by the fungicolous producer and, consequently, released into the host. By means of liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we detected ten 20-residue peptaibols in the specimen. Sequences of peptaibiotics found in vivo were independently confirmed by analyzing the peptaibiome of an agar plate culture of T. phellinicola CBS 119283 (ex-type) grown under laboratory conditions. Notably, this strain could be identified as a potent producer of 39 new 17-, 18-, and 19-residue peptaibiotics, which display the same building scheme as the 20-residue peptaibols found in the specimen. Two of the 19-residue peptaibols are tentatively assigned to carry tyrosinol, a novel C-terminal residue, as deduced from high-resolution tandem mass-spectrometry data. For the new peptaibiotics produced by T. phellinicola, the name 'hypophellin(s)', based on the teleomorph name, is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian René Röhrich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project GroupWinchesterstrasse 2, D-35394 Giessen (C. R. R.: phone: +49-641-99-37617, e-mail: ; A. V.: phone: +49-641-99-39500, fax: +49-641-4808-581, e-mail: )
| | - Anita Iversen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Walter Michael Jaklitsch
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of ViennaRennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (W. M. J.: phone: +43-1-4277-54055, e-mail: ; H. V.: phone: +43-4277-54050, e-mail: )
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of ViennaRennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (W. M. J.: phone: +43-1-4277-54055, e-mail: ; H. V.: phone: +43-4277-54050, e-mail: )
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project GroupWinchesterstrasse 2, D-35394 Giessen (C. R. R.: phone: +49-641-99-37617, e-mail: ; A. V.: phone: +49-641-99-39500, fax: +49-641-4808-581, e-mail: )
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen (JLU)Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-641-99-37601; e-mail: )
| | - Kristian Fog Nielsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Ulf Thrane
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Hans von Döhren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of BerlinFranklinstraße 29, D-10587 Berlin (phone: +49-30-314-22697; fax: +49-30-314-24783; e-mail: )
| | - Hans Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-711-349919; e-mail: )
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen (JLU)Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-641-99-37601; e-mail: )
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Röhrich CR, Iversen A, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H, Berg A, Dörfelt H, Thrane U, Vilcinskas A, Nielsen KF, Von Döhren H, Brückner H, Degenkolb T. Hypopulvins, novel peptaibiotics from the polyporicolous fungus Hypocrea pulvinata, are produced during infection of its natural hosts. Fungal Biol 2012; 116:1219-1231. [PMID: 23245616 PMCID: PMC4886835 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the significance of antibiotics for the producing organism(s) in the natural habitat, we screened specimens of the polyporicolous fungus Hypocrea pulvinata growing on its natural hosts Piptoporus betulinus and Fomitopsis pinicola. Results showed that a particular group of nonribosomally biosynthesised antibiotic polypeptides, the peptaibiotics, which contain the nonproteinogenic marker amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), was produced in the natural habitat by the fungicolous producer and, consequently, released into the host. Using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry we detected especially 19-, but also 11-, 18-, and 20-residue peptaibiotics in the five infected specimens analysed. Structures of peptaibiotics found were confirmed by analysing the peptaibiome of pure agar cultures obtained by single-ascospore isolation from the specimens. The 19-residue peptaibols were determined as deletion sequences of the trichosporins B lacking the Aib residue in position 6. Notably, 26 of the 28 peptaibiotics sequenced were novel; therefore the name 'hypopulvins' was introduced. Considering not only the ubiquity of both the two host species but also the highly specific association between H. pulvinata and P. betulinus/F. pinicola, and the abundance of this fungicolous species in north temperate regions of the world, a decisive role for the peptaibiotics detected in this study is predicted, which may act as mediators of the complex interactions between the basidiomycetous host and its fungicolous ascomycete 'partner'. Structural analogies of the hypopulvins, particularly with other 18-, 19-, and 20-residue peptaibiotics, suggest that the hypopulvins are forming transmembrane ion channels and could thus support the hypothesis of a parasitic lifestyle of the fungicolous producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian René Röhrich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project Group, Winchesterstraße 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Anita Iversen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Walter Michael Jaklitsch
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Albrecht Berg
- Department of Biomaterials, Innovent e.V., Prüssingstraße 27 B, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Dörfelt
- Department of Microbial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulf Thrane
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project Group, Winchesterstraße 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
- Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Department of Applied Entomology, IFZ, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Kristian Fog Nielsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hans Von Döhren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Franklinstraße 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Brückner
- Department of Food Sciences, IFZ, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Food Sciences and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Department of Applied Entomology, IFZ, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
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12
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Staub A, Schappler J, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL. CE-TOF/MS: Fundamental concepts, instrumental considerations and applications. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1610-23. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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14
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Degenkolb T, Brückner H. Peptaibiomics: Towards a Myriad of Bioactive Peptides Containing Cα-Dialkylamino Acids? Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1817-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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The Trichoderma brevicompactum clade: a separate lineage with new species, new peptaibiotics, and mycotoxins. Mycol Prog 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-008-0563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Herrero M, Ibañez E, Cifuentes A. Capillary electrophoresis-electrospray-mass spectrometry in peptide analysis and peptidomics. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2148-60. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Gaspar A, Englmann M, Fekete A, Harir M, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Trends in CE-MS 2005–2006. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:66-79. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Abstract
The article brings a comprehensive survey of recent developments and applications of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, ITP, IEF, affinity electrophoresis, EKC, and electrochromatography, to analysis, preparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides. New approaches to the theoretical description and experimental verification of electromigration behavior of peptides and to methodology of their separations, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, and detection, are presented. Novel developments in individual CE and CEC modes are shown and several types of their applications to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, purity control, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Some examples of micropreparative peptide separations are given and capabilities of CE and CEC techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kasicka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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19
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Poirier L, Amiard JC, Mondeguer F, Quiniou F, Ruiz N, Pouchus YF, Montagu M. Determination of peptaibol trace amounts in marine sediments by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-ion trap-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1160:106-13. [PMID: 17459402 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2006] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Extraction followed by reverse phase liquid chromatography (LC)/electrospray ionization-ion trap-mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MS) analysis has been successfully developed for the determination of peptaibols, fungal toxic metabolites, in marine sediments. Spiking experiments showed that the mean recovery of target compounds exceeded 85% at a spiking level of 10 ng/g of sediment (wet weight). Detection and quantification limits were 250 and 830 pg/g of sediment, respectively. The method developed constituted the first sensitive assay for quantification of peptaibol trace amounts in a natural environment. A concentration of 5 ng/g in sediment samples collected from Fier d'Ars was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Poirier
- Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, SMAB, EA2160, Faculté de pharmacie, 1 rue G. Veil-BP 53508, Nantes F-44000, France.
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20
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Krause C, Kirschbaum J, Brückner H. Peptaibiomics: microheterogeneity, dynamics, and sequences of trichobrachins, peptaibiotics from Trichoderma parceramosum Bissett (T. longibrachiatum Rifai). Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:1083-102. [PMID: 17589878 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
From the culture broth of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma parceramosum, strain CBS 936.69, a mixture of polypeptide antibiotics (pepaibiotics), named trichobrachin (TB), was isolated. Three major groups designated TB I, TB II, and TB III could be separated and isolated by preparative TLC on silica gel. Individual peptides of these three groups were sequenced by on-line LC/ESI-MS(n). The mixture of N-acetylated peptides comprises ten 19-residue peptides with a free C-terminal Gln residue (TB I peptides), two 18-residue peptides with a free C-terminal Gln residue (TB II 1 and 2), seven 20-residue peptides with a C-terminal amide-bound phenylalaninol (TB II 3-10), and 34 eleven-residue peptides with either a C-terminal leucinol or isoleucinol or valinol (TB III 1-34). Monitoring production and degradation of peptaibiotics in a pilot experiment revealed that the biosynthesis of TB II and TB III peptides starts two days after the beginning of fermentation. After five days of fermentation, the concentration of TB II decreased, whereas the amount of TB I increased. This observation unequivocally demonstrates that those two 18-residue TB I and TB II peptides with the free carboxy terminus result from enzymatic C-terminal degradation of the 20-residue TB II peptides. In analogy to the technical terms proteome and proteomics, the terms peptaibiome and peptaibiomics have recently been proposed for the entirety and dynamics of the Aib-containing peptides (comprehensively named peptaibiotics). Consequently, the entire peptaibiome of T. parceramosum grown under submerse conditions in shake-flasks for five days comprises at least 54 peptides differing in main-chain length and microheterogeneity, i.e., exchange of amino acids and the C-terminal 1,2-amino alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Krause
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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21
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Peggion C, Jost M, Baldini C, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. Total syntheses in solution of TOAC-labelled alamethicin F50/5 analogues. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:1183-99. [PMID: 17589860 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Total syntheses in solution of a set of four selected analogues of the 19-mer component F50/5 of alamethicin, the most extensively studied among the channel-former peptaibol antibiotics, are planned and reported. All analogues bear three Glu(OMe) residues, replacing the Gln residues at positions 7, 18, and 19 of the naturally occurring compound. Three analogues are mono-labelled with the free-radical-containing amino acid residue TOAC at the strategic positions 1, 8, or 16. The fourth analogue is bis-labelled with the same EPR-active residue at both positions 1 and 16. In the native sequence, all of the positions where TOAC replacements have been introduced are characterized by residues of Aib, the prototype of the class of helicogenic C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acids. All of the TOAC analogues synthesized exhibit significant membrane-modifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Peggion
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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22
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Leitgeb B, Szekeres A, Manczinger L, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. The history of alamethicin: a review of the most extensively studied peptaibol. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:1027-51. [PMID: 17589875 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Leitgeb
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
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23
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Degenkolb T, Kirschbaum J, Brückner H. New Sequences, Constituents, and Producers of Peptaibiotics: An Updated Review. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:1052-67. [PMID: 17589876 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To date, 18 genera of imperfect and ascomycetous fungi have been recognized to produce ca. 700 individual sequences of peptaibiotics. These are linear polypeptide antibiotics which i) have a molecular weight between 500 and 2,200 Dalton, thus containing 5-21 residues; ii) show a high content of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid; iii) are characterized by the presence of other nonproteinogenic amino acids and/or lipoamino acids; iv) possess an acylated N-terminus, and v) have a C-terminal residue that, in most of them, consists of a free or acetylated amide-bonded 1,2-amino alcohol, but might also be an amine, amide, free amino acid, 2,5-dioxopiperazine, or sugar alcohol. From April 2003 until present, ca. 300 new individual sequences of peptaibiotics have been published in the literature, but most of them have not yet been included in databases. To summarize these new sequences and novel constituents, as well as to introduce fungal species hitherto unknown as producers of peptaibiotics, the relevant literature is reviewed. Furthermore, ecophysiological and taxonomic aspects of the producing fungi are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Degenkolb
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, Giessen, Germany
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24
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Scriba GKE. Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1159:28-41. [PMID: 17316665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonaqueous background electrolytes broaden the application of capillary electrophoresis displaying altered separation selectivity and interactions between analytes and buffer additives compared to aqueous background electrolytes. In addition, nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) appears to be ideally suited for online coupling with mass spectrometry due to the high volatility and low surface tension of many organic solvents. Despite these advantages and an increasing use of nonaqueous background electrolytes in CE, coupling of NACE to mass spectrometry has not yet been applied very often to date. The present review summarizes the applications of online NACE-MS with regard to the analysis of drugs, stereoisomers, peptides, alkaloids, polymers and others. A brief discussion of solvent effects in NACE and pH of nonaqueous background electrolyte systems is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, School of Pharmacy, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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25
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:266-277. [PMID: 17262881 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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26
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Welker M, Marsálek B, Sejnohová L, von Döhren H. Detection and identification of oligopeptides in Microcystis (cyanobacteria) colonies: toward an understanding of metabolic diversity. Peptides 2006; 27:2090-103. [PMID: 16678305 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and particularly Microcystis sp. (Chroococcales) are known to produce a multitude of peptide metabolites. Here we report on the mass spectral analysis of cyanobacterial peptides in individual colonies of Microcystis sp. collected in a drinking water reservoir. A total number of more than 90 cyanopeptides could be detected, 61 of which could be identified either as known peptides or new structural variants of known peptide classes. For 18 new peptides flat structures are proposed. New congeners differed from known ones mainly in chlorination (aeruginosins), methylation (microginins), or amino acid sequences (cyanopeptolins). The high number of peptides and especially the new peptides underline the capability of Microcystis strains as producers of a high diversity of potentially bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Welker
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie-AG Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Franklinstr. 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Psurek A, Feuerstein S, Willbold D, Scriba GKE. Nonaqueousversus aqueous capillary electrophoresis of α-helical polypeptides: Effect of secondary structure on separation selectivity. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:1768-75. [PMID: 16645940 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The CE separation of alpha-helical polypeptides composed of 14-31 amino acid residues has been investigated using aqueous and nonaqueous BGEs. The running buffers were optimized with respect to pH. Generally, higher separation selectivities were observed in nonaqueous electrolytes. This may be explained by a change in the secondary structure when changing from water to organic solvents. Circular dichroism spectra revealed a significant increase in helical structures in methanol-based buffers compared to aqueous buffers. This change in secondary structure of the polypeptides contributed primarily to the different separation selectivity observed in aqueous CE and NACE. For small oligopeptides of two to five amino acid residues no significant effect of the solvent was observed in some cases while in other cases a reversal of the migration order occurred when changing from aqueous to nonaqueous buffers. As these peptides cannot adopt secondary structures the effect may be attributed to a shift of the pKa values in organic solvents compared to water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arndt Psurek
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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28
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Krause C, Kirschbaum J, Brückner H. Peptaibiomics: an advanced, rapid and selective analysis of peptaibiotics/peptaibols by SPE/LC-ES-MS. Amino Acids 2006; 30:435-43. [PMID: 16622603 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-005-0275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 10/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
"Proteomics" and "peptidomics" are used as technical terms to define the analysis and study of all proteins and peptides expressed in an organism or tissue. In analogy we propose the name peptaibiomics for the analysis of a group of fungal peptide antibiotics (peptaibiotics) containing the characteristic amino acid Aib (alpha-aminoisobutyric acid). In analogy to the peptidome the complete expression of peptaibiotics by fungal multienzyme complexes should be named the peptaibiome. Peptaibiotics are defined as peptides containing Aib and exerting a variety of bioactivities. They comprise the sub-groups of N-acetylated peptaibols, characterized also by a C-terminal amide-linked 2-amino alcohol, and lipopeptaibols having in place of an acetyl group a lipophilic fatty acid acyl group. Furthermore, lipoaminopeptides are also known with long-chain fatty acid on the N-termini, a lipoamino acid in position three and a strongly basic secondary or tertiary amine form a subgroup of mixed forms which could not be integrated in one of these three previously mentioned groups. Here we present a specific and rapid screening method on the peptaibiome applicable directly onto filamentous fungi cultured in a single Petri dish. The method comprises solid-phase extraction (SPE) of peptaibiotics followed by on-line reversed-phase HPLC coupled to an ion trap electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (ES-MS). The presence of these peptides is indicated by characteristic mass differences of Deltam = 85.1 Da representing Aib-residues which can be observed in the b-series of acylium fragment ions resulting from ES-MS. Partial sequences can be deduced from the data and compared with structures compiled in electronic peptaibol data bases. The judgement is possible whether or not structures are novel, already known or related to known structures. Suitability of the method is demonstrated with the analysis of strains of Trichoderma and its teleomorph Hypocrea. New sequences of peptaibiotics are presented and those being related to established 10- to 18-residue peptaibols trichovirin, trichogin and trichotoxin, which have been described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Krause
- Department of Food Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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