1
|
Detzlhofer A, Grechhamer C, Madikizela L, Himmelsbach M, Mlynek F, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Uptake, translocation, and metabolization of amitriptyline, lidocaine, orphenadrine, and tramadol by cress and pea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:19649-19657. [PMID: 38363510 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The uptake, translocation, and metabolization of four widely used drugs, amitriptyline, orphenadrine, lidocaine, and tramadol, were investigated in a laboratory study. Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) were employed as model plants. These plants were grown in tap water containing the selected pharmaceuticals at concentrations ranging from 0.010 to 10 mg L-1, whereby the latter concentration was employed for the (tentative) identification of drug-related metabolites formed within the plant. Thereby, mainly phase I metabolites were detected. Time-resolved uptake studies, with sampling after 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 days, revealed that all four pharmaceuticals were taken up by the roots and further relocated to plant stem and leaves. Also in these studies, the corresponding phase I metabolites could be detected, and their translocation from root to stem (pea only) and finally leaves could be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Detzlhofer
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Grechhamer
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Lawrence Madikizela
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zellner L, Schiefer T, Himmelsbach M, Mlynek F, Klampfl CW. Uptake and metabolization of four sartan drugs by eight different plants: Targeted and untargeted analyses by HPLC-drift-tube-ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2023. [PMID: 37946621 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the uptake and metabolization of four drugs (plus the associated prodrugs) from the sartan family by eight edible plants. Growing the plants hydroponically in a medium containing the respective drug, more than 40 phases I and II metabolites derived from the four sartan drugs could be tentatively identified. To demonstrate the suitability of the proposed analytical approach for actual environmental samples, garden cress (Lepidium sativum) selected as a model plant was grown in water drawn from the effluent of two local wastewater treatment plants. Thereby, three of the sartans, namely, olmesartan, candesartan, and valsartan, could be found in the plant extracts at concentrations of 3.1, 10.4, and 14.4 ng g-1 , respectively. Additionally, for candesartan and valsartan, a glycosylated transformation product could be detected. In order to extend the present (targeted) workflow also toward the analysis of unknown transformation products (i.e., those not listed in the custom-made database used for this research), a nontargeted approach for the analysis of plant extracts with respect to the presence of drug-related metabolites was developed. Comparison of the targeted and the nontargeted workflows led to the finding of two additional, so far unidentified, transformation products originating from azilsartan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zellner
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Schiefer
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bögl T, Mlynek F, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W. Comparison of one-phase and two-phase extraction methods for porcine tissue lipidomics applying a fast and reliable tentative annotation workflow. Talanta 2022; 236:122849. [PMID: 34635239 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics has great potential for the discovery of biomarkers, elucidation of metabolic processes and identifying dysregulations in complex biological systems. Concerning biofluids like plasma or cerebrospinal fluid, several studies for the comparison of lipid extraction solvents have already been conducted. With respect to tissues, which can differ significantly in terms of dry matter content and composition, only few studies are available. The proper selection of an extraction method that covers the complexity and individuality of different tissues is challenging. The goal of this work was to provide a systematic overview on the potential of different extraction methods for a broad applicability. This study covers six different extraction procedures and four different reconstitution solvents applied to ten different porcine tissues. To get an overview of the individual lipid profiles, a workflow was developed for a fast and reliable tentative lipid annotation. Therefore, several machine learning tools were utilized, like the prediction of collision cross sections to support the tentative lipid identification in case of untargeted lipidomics. In terms of data evaluation, unsupervised (e.g. principal component analysis) and supervised (e.g. partial least square - discriminant analysis) methods were applied to visualize and subsequently interpret all generated information. Furthermore, the influence of the tissue composition on the extraction performance was investigated. It could be shown that the ten porcine tissues can be distinguished based on their lipid profile with the applied workflow and that the methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) based extraction method (two-phase) showed the best overall performance for the 16 examined lipid species. With this method the highest number of features (428 in lung tissue) could be annotated. Upcoming one-phase extractions also showed a high potential concerning total number of extracted lipids. Methanol/MTBE/chloroform (MMC) extracted slightly less lipids (393 in lung and liver) than MTBE but turned out to be the best one-phase extraction method. Additionally, the numbers of extracted lipids obtained by isopropanol/water 90:10 (IPA90) (399 in stomach) and by isopropanol/methanol/chloroform (IMC) (395 in stomach) were similar to those of the modified Folch method (402 in stomach). One-phase extractions can therefore clearly be seen as preferable when a high throughput is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bögl
- Johannes Kepler University, Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Mlynek
- Johannes Kepler University, Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler University, Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Johannes Kepler University, Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schaumüller S, Cristurean D, Haudum S, Pappas GS, Himmelsbach M, Bechmann M, Brüggemann O, Teasdale I. Post‐polymerization
modification of aromatic polyimides via Diels‐Alder cycloaddition. Journal of Polymer Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Doris Cristurean
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Stephan Haudum
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - George S. Pappas
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Matthias Bechmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Geroldinger-Simić M, Bögl T, Himmelsbach M, Sepp N, Buchberger W. Changes in Plasma Phospholipid Metabolism Are Associated with Clinical Manifestations of Systemic Sclerosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112116. [PMID: 34829463 PMCID: PMC8625116 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with fibrosis of the skin and/or internal organs, causing a decrease in quality of life and survival. There is no causative therapy, and the pathophysiology of the SSc remains unclear. Studies showed that lipid metabolism was relevant for autoimmune diseases, but little is known about the role of lipids in SSc. In the present study, we sought to explore the phospholipid profile of SSc by using the lipidomics approach. We also aimed to analyze lipidomics results for different clinical manifestations of SSc. Experiments were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for the lipidomic profiling of plasma samples from patients with SSc. Our study showed, for the first time, significant changes in the level of phospholipids such as plasmalogens and sphingomyelins from the plasma of SSc patients as compared to controls. Phosphatidylcholine plasmalogens species and sphingomyelins were significantly increased in SSc patients as compared to controls. Our results also demonstrated a significant association of changes in the metabolism of phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens species and sphingomyelins) with different clinical manifestations of SSc. Further lipidomic studies might lead to the detection of lipids as new biomarkers or therapeutic targets of SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Geroldinger-Simić
- Department of Dermatology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, 4020 Linz, Austria;
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Bögl
- Institute for Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria; (T.B.); (M.H.); (W.B.)
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute for Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria; (T.B.); (M.H.); (W.B.)
| | - Norbert Sepp
- Department of Dermatology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, 4020 Linz, Austria;
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute for Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria; (T.B.); (M.H.); (W.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mlynek F, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Time study on the uptake of four different beta-blockers in garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a model plant. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:59382-59390. [PMID: 33206294 PMCID: PMC8541974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of four beta-blockers by the model plant Lepidium sativum (garden cress) and their possible metabolization over a time period of 8 days. Therefore, cress was grown hydroponically in tap water for a week until they were matured, following irrigation with drug-containing water over the course of another 8 days. Samples were taken at days 1, 2, 4, and 8 after irrigation started. All four beta-blockers were taken up by the plants and the different octanol-water coefficients (log P) of the drugs have an influence on the uptake speed in the roots of the plants. The log P seems to have no influence on the translocation of the drugs from the root to the shoots. Furthermore, neither phase I nor phase II metabolization occurred inside the plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lang T, Himmelsbach M, Mlynek F, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Uptake and bio-transformation of telmisartan by cress (Lepidium sativum) from sewage treatment plant effluents using high-performance liquid chromatography/drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:50790-50798. [PMID: 33973117 PMCID: PMC8445863 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the uptake and metabolization of the sartan drug telmisartan by a series of plants was investigated. Thereby for seven potential metabolites, modifications on the telmisartan molecule such as hydroxylation and/or glycosylation could be tentatively identified. For two additional signals detected at accurate masses m/z 777.3107 and m/z 793.3096, no suggestions for molecular formulas could be made. Further investigations employing garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a model plant were conducted. This was done in order to develop an analytical method allowing the detection of these substances also under environmentally relevant conditions. For this reason, the knowledge achieved from treatment of the plants with rather high concentrations of the parent drug (10 mg L-1) was compared with results obtained when using solutions containing telmisartan in the μg - ng L-1 range. Thereby the parent drug and up to three tentative drug-related metabolites could still be detected. Finally cress was cultivated in water taken from a local waste water treatment plant effluent containing 90 ng L-1 of telmisartan and harvested and the cress roots were extracted. In this extract, next to the parent drug one major metabolite, namely telmisartan-glucose could be identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Lang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mlynek F, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. A fast-screening approach for the tentative identification of drug-related metabolites from three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in hydroponically grown edible plants by HPLC-drift-tube-ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:482-489. [PMID: 33274757 PMCID: PMC7898722 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The (tentative) identification of unknown drug-related phase II metabolites in plants upon drug uptake remains a challenging task despite improved analytical instrument performance. To broaden the knowledge of possible drug metabolization, a fast-screening approach for the tentative identification of drug-related phase II metabolites is presented in this work. Therefore, an in silico database for the three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, and naproxen) and a sub-group of their theoretical phase II metabolites (based on combinations with glucose, glucuronic acid, and malonic acid) was created. Next, the theoretical exact masses (protonated species and ammonia adducts) were calculated and used as precursor ions in an autoMS/MS measurement method. The applicability of this workflow was tested on the example of eleven edible plants, which were hydroponically grown in solutions containing the respective drug at a concentration level of 20 mg/L. For the three drugs investigated this led to the tentative identification of 41 metabolites (some of them so far not described in this context), such as combinations of hydroxylated mefenamic acid with up to four glucose units or hydroxylated mefenamic acid with two glucose and three malonic acid units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryJohannes Kepler UniversityLinzAustria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cristurean D, Schaumüller S, Strasser P, Haudum S, Himmelsbach M, Bechmann M, Brüggemann O, Teasdale I. Diels–Alder cycloaddition polymerization of highly aromatic polyimides and their multiblock copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel route to highly aromatic polyimides is presented and is used to form multiblock copolymers which is inherently difficult to achieve via traditional routes for this important polymer family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Cristurean
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Stephan Schaumüller
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Stephan Haudum
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Matthias Bechmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Strasser P, Russo M, Stadler P, Breiteneder P, Redhammer G, Himmelsbach M, Brüggemann O, Monkowius U, Klán P, Teasdale I. Green-light photocleavable meso-methyl BODIPY building blocks for macromolecular chemistry. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01245b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the design of easily accessible, meso-methyl BODIPY monomers and their incorporation into photoclippable macromolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pauline Stadler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Patrick Breiteneder
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Günther Redhammer
- Chemie und Physik der Materialien, Abteilung für Materialwissenschaften und Mineralogie, Paris-Lodron Universität Salzburg, Jakob-Haringerstr. 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Uwe Monkowius
- Linz School of Education, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tschida A, Stadlbauer V, Schwarzinger B, Maier M, Pitsch J, Stübl F, Müller U, Lanzerstorfer P, Himmelsbach M, Wruss J, Klanert G, Schurr J, Wurm L, Rosner F, Höglinger O, Winkler S, Weghuber J. Nutrients, bioactive compounds, and minerals in the juices of 16 varieties of apple (Malus domestica) harvested in Austria: A four-year study investigating putative correlations with weather conditions during ripening. Food Chem 2020; 338:128065. [PMID: 33091997 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine putative correlations between weather parameters during April-September and the amounts of nutrients, minerals and bioactive compounds in the juices of 16 apple varieties from four harvest years in Lower Austria. For most sugar-parameters, negative correlations were found with the total precipitation (r between -0.42 and -0.64). Conversely, positive correlations were observed with the mean air temperature (r between 0.32 and 0.66), the global radiation (r between 0.32 and 0.61) and the number of tropical days (r between 0.39 and 0.51). The sum of 14 polyphenols (HPLC quantitation) was positively correlated with the mean air temperature and global radiation (rs 0.44 and 0.42). Negative correlations were observed between the global radiation and potassium, magnesium and calcium contents (correlation coefficients -0.49, -0.68 and -0.69). We conclude that increased temperatures and global radiation can be correlated with enhanced sugar synthesis and polyphenol formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Tschida
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Martin Maier
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Johannes Pitsch
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Flora Stübl
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jürgen Wruss
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Gerald Klanert
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Jonas Schurr
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 32, 4232, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Lothar Wurm
- Höhere Bundeslehranstalt und Bundesamt für Wein- und Obstbau Klosterneuburg, Wiener Straße 74, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Franz Rosner
- Höhere Bundeslehranstalt und Bundesamt für Wein- und Obstbau Klosterneuburg, Wiener Straße 74, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Otmar Höglinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Stephan Winkler
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 32, 4232, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ďurč P, Dosedělová V, Foret F, Dolina J, Konečný Š, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Kubáň P. Analysis of major bile acids in saliva samples of patients with Barrett's esophagus using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461278. [PMID: 32709330 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A fast, non-invasive, high-performance liquid chromatographic screening method with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection was developed for the analysis of three major glycine-conjugated bile acids in human saliva. Using a mobile phase composed of 80% methanol and 0.1% formic acid, glycocholic, glycodeoxycholic, and glycochenodeoxycholic acids were separated in less than 4 minutes with sensitivity in the low nM range. Bile acids are thought to contribute to the pathology of various complications in gastroesophageal reflux disease, for instance, Barrett's esophagus, which may eventually lead to esophageal carcinoma. In this pilot study, samples of saliva obtained from 15 patients with Barrett's esophagus of various severities were compared to saliva samples from 10 healthy volunteers. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid was significantly elevated in the patients and principal component analysis of all bile acids could distinguish the most severe Barrett's esophagus patients. We also reported on the detection of glycochenodeoxycholic acid in exhaled breath condensate for the first time. The promising results of this pilot study warrant future investigation, aiming at non-invasive diagnostics of Barrett's esophagus susceptibility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Ďurč
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Dosedělová
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Dolina
- Internal Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štefan Konečný
- Internal Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes-Kepler University, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes-Kepler University, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Petr Kubáň
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mlynek F, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. A new analytical workflow using HPLC with drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry for the detection of drug-related metabolites in plants. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1817-1824. [PMID: 31965248 PMCID: PMC7048865 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Investigations into the interaction of xenobiotics with plants (and in particular edible plants) have gained substantial interest, as water scarcity due to climate-change-related droughts requires the more frequent use of reclaimed wastewaters for irrigation in agriculture. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are common contaminants found in wastewater treatment plant effluents. For this reason, the interaction of nine edible plants with diclofenac (DCF), a widely used representative of this group of drugs, was investigated. For this purpose, plants were hydroponically grown in a medium containing DCF. For the detection of unknown DCF-related metabolites formed in the plant upon uptake of the parent drug‚ a new workflow based on the use of HPLC coupled to drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (DTIM QTOF-MS) was developed. Thereby‚ for chromatographic peaks eluting from the HPLC, drift times were recorded, and analytes were subsequently fragmented in the DTIM QTOF-MS to provide significant fragments. All information available (retention times, drift times, fragment spectra, accurate mass) was finally combined‚ allowing the suggestion of molecular formulas for 30 DCF-related metabolites formed in the plant, whereby 23 of them were not yet known from the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seyer A, Mlynek F, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Investigations on the uptake and transformation of sunscreen ingredients in duckweed (Lemna gibba) and Cyperus alternifolius using high-performance liquid chromatography drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1613:460673. [PMID: 31708220 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The uptake, translocation and transformation of three UV-blockers commonly employed in sunscreens, namely avobenzone, octocrylene and octisalate from water by Lemna gibba and Cyperus alternifolius was investigated. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for analyzing the extracts from the selected plants after incubation with the UV-blockers for one week. For avobenzone several transformation products resulting from hydroxylation, demethylation and oxidation of the parent molecule could be identified by measuring accurate mass, performing MS/MS experiments and by determining their drift-tube collision cross sections employing nitrogen as drift gas. In addition, the plants were subjected to two commercially available sunscreens, providing similar results to those obtained for the standard solutions of the UV-blockers. Finally, a kinetic study on the uptake and transformation of avobenzone, octocrylene and octisalate was conducted over a period of 216 h, revealing that the UV-filters were mostly present in their parent form and only to a smaller part converted into transformation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Seyer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Franz Mlynek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sarvin B, Himmelsbach M, Baygildiev T, Shpigun O, Rodin I, Stavrianidi A, Buchberger W. Nerve agent markers screening after accumulation in garden cress (Lepidium sativum) used as a model plant object. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1597:214-219. [PMID: 31010635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this research an accumulation of nerve agent markers in garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a model plant object was studied using LC-QTOF hybrid system. For the determination of methylphosphonic acid and alkyl methylphosphonates, which are specific markers of sarin, soman, VR and VX, simple and sensitive approach was developed. Direct analysis of aqueous extracts on the reversed phase column with polar endcapping allowed to achieve satisfactory retention factor for methylphosphonic acid, which has high polarity and is usually very weakly retained on the ordinary reversed phase columns. Application of the QTOF mass spectrometer with high mass resolution led to the increase in the accuracy of the conducted measurements. The HPLC-HRMS technique developed exclusively for this study has been validated for linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, accuracy and matrix effect prior to the analysis of plant extract samples. Hydroponic growth model was employed to examine accumulation of nerve agent markers in garden cress. It was found that after elimination of nerve agent markers from the plant growth medium, garden cress was able to store these substances for at least 5 weeks providing high retrospectivity of the analysis. Moreover, during the cress growth, no metabolization of alkyl methylphosphonates was observed. This allows not only to reveal the fact of nerve agents release into environment, but also to define its type after a long period of time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Sarvin
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 320003, Haifa, Israel; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Timur Baygildiev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Shpigun
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Rodin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Stavrianidi
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Winter M, Faust K, Himmelsbach M, Waser M. Synthesis of α-CF 3-proline derivatives by means of a formal (3 + 2)-cyclisation between trifluoropyruvate imines and Michael acceptors. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5731-5735. [PMID: 31149695 PMCID: PMC6625964 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the first formal (3 + 2)-cyclisation between 3,3,3-trifluoropyruvate-derived imines and indandione-based Michael acceptors. This reaction gives access to a novel class of spirocyclic α-CF3-α-proline derivatives with complete control of the diastereoselectivity under phase transfer-catalysed reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Winter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Emhofer L, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. High-performance liquid chromatography drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry for the identity confirmation and characterization of metabolites from three statins (lipid-lowering drugs) in the model plant cress (Lepidium sativum) after uptake from water. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:122-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Haselgrübler R, Stadlbauer V, Stübl F, Schwarzinger B, Rudzionyte I, Himmelsbach M, Iken M, Weghuber J. Insulin Mimetic Properties of Extracts Prepared from Bellis perennis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102605. [PMID: 30314325 PMCID: PMC6222741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and consequential cardiovascular diseases lead to millions of deaths worldwide each year; 90% of all people suffering from DM are classified as Type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. T2DM is linked to insulin resistance and a loss of insulin sensitivity. It leads to a reduced uptake of glucose mediated by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in muscle and adipose tissue, and finally hyperglycemia. Using a fluorescence microscopy-based screening assay we searched for herbal extracts that induce GLUT4 translocation in the absence of insulin, and confirmed their activity in chick embryos. We found that extracts prepared from Bellis perennis (common daisy) are efficient inducers of GLUT4 translocation in the applied in vitro cell system. In addition, these extracts also led to reduced blood glucose levels in chicken embryos (in ovo), confirming their activity in a living organism. Using high-performance liquid chromtaography (HPLC) analysis, we identified and quantified numerous polyphenolic compounds including apigenin glycosides, quercitrin and chlorogenic acid, which potentially contribute to the induction of GLUT4 translocation. In conclusion, Bellis perennis extracts reduce blood glucose levels and are therefore suitable candidates for application in food supplements for the prevention and accompanying therapy of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renate Haselgrübler
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Flora Stübl
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Ieva Rudzionyte
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Marcus Iken
- PM International AG, L-5445 Schengen, Luxembourg.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, A-4600 Wels, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Müller U, Stübl F, Schwarzinger B, Sandner G, Iken M, Himmelsbach M, Schwarzinger C, Ollinger N, Stadlbauer V, Höglinger O, Kühne T, Lanzerstorfer P, Weghuber J. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibition of Intestinal Glucose Transport by Guava (Psidium Guajava) Extracts. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701012. [PMID: 29688623 PMCID: PMC6001447 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Known pharmacological activities of guava (Psidium guajava) include modulation of blood glucose levels. However, mechanistic details remain unclear in many cases. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated the effects of different guava leaf and fruit extracts on intestinal glucose transport in vitro and on postprandial glucose levels in vivo. Substantial dose- and time-dependent glucose transport inhibition (up to 80%) was observed for both guava fruit and leaf extracts, at conceivable physiological concentrations in Caco-2 cells. Using sodium-containing (both glucose transporters, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 [SGLT1] and glucose transporter 2 [GLUT2], are active) and sodium-free (only GLUT2 is active) conditions, we show that inhibition of GLUT2 was greater than that of SGLT1. Inhibitory properties of guava extracts also remained stable after digestive juice treatment, indicating a good chemical stability of the active substances. Furthermore, we could unequivocally show that guava extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels (≈fourfold reduction) in a time-dependent manner in vivo (C57BL/6N mice). Extracts were characterized with respect to their main putative bioactive compounds (polyphenols) using HPLC and LC-MS. CONCLUSION The data demonstrated that guava leaf and fruit extracts can potentially contribute to the regulation of blood glucose levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | - Flora Stübl
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | - Georg Sandner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
| | | | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler UniversityInstitute for Analytical Chemistry4040LinzAustria
| | - Clemens Schwarzinger
- Johannes Kepler UniversityInstitute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials4040LinzAustria
| | - Nicole Ollinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| | | | | | | | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria4600WelsAustria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food QualitySafety and Innovation4600WelsAustria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tradler SB, Mayr S, Himmelsbach M, Priewasser R, Baumgartner W, Stadler AT. Hydrothermal carbonization as an all-inclusive process for food-waste conversion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
21
|
Reichl B, Himmelsbach M, Emhofer L, Klampfl CW, Buchberger W. Uptake and metabolism of the antidepressants sertraline, clomipramine, and trazodone in a garden cress (Lepidium sativum) model. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1301-1308. [PMID: 29427324 PMCID: PMC6099436 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination with pharmaceuticals has received growing attention in recent years. Several studies describe the presence of traces of drugs in water bodies and soils and their impacts on nontarget organisms including plants. Due to these facts investigations of the uptake and metabolism of pharmaceuticals in organisms is an emerging research area. The present study demonstrates the analysis of three selected antidepressants (sertraline, clomipramine, and trazodone) as well as metabolites and transformation products in a cress model (Lepidium sativum). Cress was treated with tap water containing 10 mg/L of the parent drugs. Employing an analytical approach based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight or Orbitrap mass spectrometry in MS and MS² modes, in total 14 substances were identified in the cress extracts. All three parent drugs were taken up by the cress and translocated from the roots to the leaves in specific patterns. In addition to this, eleven metabolite species were identified. They were generated by hydroxylation, demethylation, conjugation with amino acids, or combinations of these mechanisms. Finally, the inclusion of control cultures in the experimental setup allowed for a differentiation of "true" metabolites generated by the cress and transformation products generated by plant-independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Reichl
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryJohannes Kepler UniversityLinzAustria
| | | | - Lisa Emhofer
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryJohannes Kepler UniversityLinzAustria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Emhofer L, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Insights into the uptake, metabolization, and translocation of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cress (Lepidium sativum) by HPLC-MS 2. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1294-1300. [PMID: 29251773 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The metabolization of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by cress (Lepidium sativum) was investigated using a HPLC-MS2 method. Cress was grown hydroponically in water containing 0.1 mg/L of each drug for investigations on the kinetics of drug uptake and metabolization over a growing period of 12 days. It could be shown that the parent drugs are metabolized and the abundance of both the parent drug and the metabolites formed, varies over time. Furthermore the distribution of the investigated substances within the different plant parts changed throughout the duration of the experiment due to translocation. Finally cress was cultivated in a solution containing the four drugs in concentrations as low as 0.001 mg/L to resemble the situation in real reclaimed wastewaters. Employing a QuEChERS approach for sample extraction and HPLC-MS2 in the multiple reaction monitoring mode allowed detecting nine metabolites in this cress sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Emhofer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Faschinger F, Ertl M, Zimmermann M, Horner A, Himmelsbach M, Schöfberger W, Knör G, Gruber HJ. Stable Europium(III) Complexes with Short Linkers for Site-Specific Labeling of Biomolecules. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:721-732. [PMID: 29226060 PMCID: PMC5715356 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, two new terpyridine-based EuIII complexes were synthesized, the structures of which were optimized for luminescence resonance energy-transfer (LRET) experiments. The complexes showed high quantum yields (32 %); a single long lifetime (1.25 ms), which was not influenced by coupling to protein; very high stability in the presence of chelators such as ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate and ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid; and no interaction with cofactors such as adenosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate. A special feature is the short length of the linker between the EuIII ion and the maleimide or hydrazide function, which allows for site-specific coupling of cysteine mutants or unnatural keto amino acids. As a consequence, the new complexes appear particularly suited for accurate distance measurements in biomolecules by LRET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Faschinger
- Institute of BiophysicsJohannes Kepler University LinzGruber Straße 404040LinzAustria
| | - Martin Ertl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Mirjam Zimmermann
- Institute of BiophysicsJohannes Kepler University LinzGruber Straße 404040LinzAustria
| | - Andreas Horner
- Institute of BiophysicsJohannes Kepler University LinzGruber Straße 404040LinzAustria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute for Analytical ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Wolfgang Schöfberger
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Günther Knör
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Hermann J. Gruber
- Institute of BiophysicsJohannes Kepler University LinzGruber Straße 404040LinzAustria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hischen F, Reiswich V, Kupsch D, De Mecquenem N, Riedel M, Himmelsbach M, Weth A, Heiss E, Armbruster O, Heitz J, Baumgartner W. Adaptive camouflage: what can be learned from the wetting behaviour of the tropical flat bugs Dysodius lunatus and Dysodiusmagnus. Biol Open 2017; 6:1209-1218. [PMID: 28811303 PMCID: PMC5576082 DOI: 10.1242/bio.026070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neotropical flat bug species Dysodius lunatus and Dysodius magnus show a fascinating camouflage principle, as their appearance renders the animal hardly visible on the bark of trees. However, when getting wet due to rain, bark changes its colour and gets darker. In order to keep the camouflage effect, it seems that some Dysodius species benefit from their ability to hold a water film on their cuticle and therefore change their optical properties when also wetted by water. This camouflage behaviour requires the insect to have a hydrophilic surface and passive surface structures which facilitate the liquid spreading. Here we show morphological and chemical characterisations of the surface, especially the cuticular waxes of D. magnus Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the animal is covered with pillar-like microstructures which, in combination with a surprising chemical hydrophilicity of the cuticle waxes, render the bug almost superhydrophilic: water spreads immediately across the surface. We could theoretically model this behaviour assuming the effect of hemi-wicking (a state in which a droplet sits on a rough surface, partwise imbibing the structure around). Additionally the principle was abstracted and a laser-patterned polymer surface, mimicking the structure and contact angle of Dysodius wax, shows exactly the behaviour of the natural role model - immediate spreading of water and the formation of a thin continuous water film changing optical properties of the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hischen
- Institute of Biomedical Mechatronics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria .,Department of Cellular Neurobionics, Institute of Biology II, RWTH-Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Vladislav Reiswich
- Department of Cellular Neurobionics, Institute of Biology II, RWTH-Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Desirée Kupsch
- Department of Cellular Neurobionics, Institute of Biology II, RWTH-Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ninon De Mecquenem
- University of Bordeaux, Campus Talence, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Michael Riedel
- Department of Botany II, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, D - 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Agnes Weth
- Institute of Biomedical Mechatronics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ernst Heiss
- Tiroler Landesmuseum, Josef-Schraffl-Straße 2a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oskar Armbruster
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Heitz
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Werner Baumgartner
- Institute of Biomedical Mechatronics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Meisinger N, Roiser L, Monkowius U, Himmelsbach M, Robiette R, Waser M. Asymmetric Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans by a [4+1] Annulation Between Ammonium Ylides and In Situ Generated o-Quinone Methides. Chemistry 2017; 23:5137-5142. [PMID: 28165173 PMCID: PMC5419452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantio‐ and diastereoselective [4+1] annulation between in situ generated ammonium ylides and o‐quinone methides for the synthesis of a variety of 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans has been developed. The key factors controlling the reactivity and stereoselectivity were systematically investigated by experimental and computational means and the energy profiles obtained provide a deeper insight into the mechanistic details of this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Meisinger
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Lukas Roiser
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Uwe Monkowius
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Raphaël Robiette
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mario Waser
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Emhofer L, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. High-performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis of the parent drugs and their metabolites in extracts from cress (Lepidium sativum) grown hydroponically in water containing four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1491:137-144. [PMID: 28262313 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the metabolism of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, (ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, and diclofenac) by cress (Lepidium sativum) is described. Cress was cultivated hydroponically in water spiked with the parent drugs at levels ranging from 0.01mgL-1 to 1mgL-1. Employing an approach based on the analysis of the plant extracts by HPLC coupled either with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, or Orbitrap MS or triple quadrupole (QqQ) MS allowed the identification of twenty substances (sixteen metabolites and four parent drugs). Metabolites were formed from the parent drug by hydroxylation or conjugation with polar molecules such as glucose, small organic acids or amino acids. Introducing a pre-concentration step employing solid-phase extraction and using HPLC-QqQ/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring mode enabled the positive detection of 11 of the proposed metabolites next to the four parent components even in plants grown in a 0.01mgL-1 solution of the tested drugs, which is close to the conditions in real reclaimed waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Emhofer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Miglbauer E, Demitri N, Himmelsbach M, Monkowius U, Sariciftci NS, Głowacki ED, Oppelt KT. Synthesis and Investigation ofN,N’-benzylated Epindolidione Derivatives as Organic Semiconductors. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Miglbauer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste; S. S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry (IAC); Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Uwe Monkowius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Niyazi S. Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Eric D. Głowacki
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics; Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrköping, Linköpings Universitet; Bredgatan 33 SE-601 74 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Kerstin T. Oppelt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Strasse 69 4040 Linz Austria
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Thalhamer B, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W. Trace level determination of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in a perfume using liquid chromatography high resolution tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Thalhamer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, The Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Straße 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, The Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Straße 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, The Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenberger Straße 69 4040 Linz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hobbollahi E, Himmelsbach M, List M, Monkowius U. Synthesis and characterization of dinuclear silver(I) complexes with exchangeable nitrile ligands. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
Klampfl CW, Himmelsbach M. Advances in the determination of hindered amine light stabilizers - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 933:10-22. [PMID: 27496993 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Within this paper we discuss analytical strategies for the characterization and quantitation of hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) an important sub-group of polymer additives. For the determination of monomeric HALS a range of mature and reliable techniques exists, allowing their determination in polymer extracts. If qualitative or semi-quantitative information suffices, certain techniques are capable of sampling directly from the polymer surface with limited or no sample preparation. Different strategies for the determination of complex oligomeric HALS in extracts from polymer samples are discussed. Here, approaches providing only a sum parameter including all HALS oligomers have been distinguished from more sophisticated technologies allowing the determination of single oligomers, their degradation and by-products. Particularly, the latter issue is facing increased interest as it provides important information for polymers aging studies. A tabulated overview provides comprehensive information on different analytical techniques suitable for HALS determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Himmelsbach M, Weth A, Böhme C, Schwarz M, Bräunig P, Baumgartner W. The plant hopper Issus coleoptratuscan detoxify phloem sap saponins including the degradation of the terpene core. Biol Open 2016; 5:252-5. [PMID: 26863940 PMCID: PMC4810747 DOI: 10.1242/bio.016311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Issus coleoptratus is a small plant hopper which mainly feeds on the phloem sap from ivy. Although all parts of ivy are poisonous as the plant contains saponins, especially hederasaponins, I.coleoptratus can cope with the poison. In contrast to other animals like the stick insect Carausius morosus which accumulates saponins in its body, I. coleoptratus can degrade and disintegrate not only the saponins but even the genines, i.e. the triterpene core of the substances. This is perhaps made possible by a specialised midgut and/or the salivary glands. When the glands and the gut are dissected and added to saponins in solution, the saponins, including the genines, are degraded ex vivo. Summary: In contrast to other insects the plant hopper Issus coleoptratus does not accumulate toxic saponins from ivy. I. coleoptratus can degrade the saponines by its salivary glands and its gut as shown by HPLC-MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Agnes Weth
- Institute of Biomedical Mechatronics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Christine Böhme
- Institute of Biology 2 (Zoology), RWTH-Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Martin Schwarz
- Biology Center Linz, Johann-Wilhelm-Klein-Straße 73, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Peter Bräunig
- Institute of Biology 2 (Zoology), RWTH-Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Werner Baumgartner
- Institute of Biomedical Mechatronics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hintersteiner I, Reisinger M, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger W. Separation and characterization of oligomeric hindered amine light stabilizers using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1056-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hintersteiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes-Kepler-University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Michael Reisinger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes-Kepler-University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes-Kepler-University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Buchberger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes-Kepler-University Linz; Linz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schmid T, Baumann B, Himmelsbach M, Klampfl CW, Buchberger W. Analysis of saccharides in beverages by HPLC with direct UV detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:1871-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
The term nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) commonly refers to capillary electrophoresis with purely nonaqueous background electrolytes (BGE). Main advantages of NACE are the possibility to analyze substances with very low solubility in aqueous media as well as separation selectivity that can be quite different in organic solvents (compared to water)-a property that can be employed for manipulation of separation selectivities. Mass spectrometry (MS) has become more and more popular as a detector in CE a fact that applies also for NACE. In the present chapter, the development of NACE-MS since 2004 is reviewed. Relevant parameters like composition of BGE and its influence on separation and detection in NACE as well as sheath liquid for NACE-MS are discussed. Finally, an overview of the papers published in the field of NACE-MS between 2004 and 2014 is given. Applications are grouped according to the field (analysis of natural products, biomedical analysis, food analysis, analysis of industrial products, and fundamental investigations).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz, 4040, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Maringer L, Himmelsbach M, Nadlinger M, Wallner G, Buchberger W. Structure elucidation of photoluminescent degradation products from polyolefins and evaluation of stabilizer formulations. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Schmid T, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger WW. Investigation of photochemical reaction products of glucose formed during direct UV detection in CE. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:947-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmid
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Klampfl CW, Himmelsbach M. Direct ionization methods in mass spectrometry: An overview. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 890:44-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
38
|
Pichler M, Novacek J, Robiette R, Poscher V, Himmelsbach M, Monkowius U, Müller N, Waser M. Asymmetric syntheses of three-membered heterocycles using chiral amide-based ammonium ylides. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2092-9. [PMID: 25521410 PMCID: PMC4323751 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02318h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenylglycinol serves as a powerful chiral auxiliary in ammonium ylide-mediated reactions to obtain chiral epoxides/aziridines with excellent stereoselectivities.
The use of carbonyl-stabilised ammonium ylides to access chiral glycidic amides and the corresponding aziridines has so far been limited to racemic trans-selective protocols. We herein report the development of an asymmetric approach to access such compounds with high levels of stereoselectivity using easily accessible chiral auxiliary-based ammonium ylides. The use of phenylglycinol as the chiral auxiliary was found to be superior to Evans or pseudoephedrine-based auxiliaries resulting in good to excellent stereoselectivities in both, epoxidation and aziridination reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Pichler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wruss J, Lanzerstorfer P, Huemer S, Himmelsbach M, Mangge H, Höglinger O, Weghuber D, Weghuber J. Differences in pharmacokinetics of apple polyphenols after standardized oral consumption of unprocessed apple juice. Nutr J 2015; 14:32. [PMID: 25890155 PMCID: PMC4396834 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyphenols are chemical compounds of the secondary plant metabolism. High concentrations can be found in various fruits including apples, berries and grapes. Polyphenols are associated with numerous health beneficial effects including a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease or diabetes. The human body cannot synthesize or store polyphenols and relies on continuous replenishment by daily diet. Unfortunately, knowledge on absorption, metabolization and excretion is still limited. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic fate of apple polyphenols in young healthy adults. Methods Volunteers consumed 500 mL of an unfiltered apple juice. Blood and urine samples were collected within a time period of ten hours and analyzed for their total phenolic content, concentration of selected individual polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Results Large differences in apple polyphenol pharmacokinetics between single subjects were observed. Those could be divided into subgroups according to fast or slow rates of polyphenol metabolism. Some subjects showed no detectable metabolism within the study time frame at all. An increase in the total phenolic content over time did not correlate with an observed, highly elevated antioxidant capacity (AOC) in the blood plasma after apple juice consumption. The determined increase of the AOC was rather a result of a high fructose content of the apple juice. No differences in renal excretion were detected between female and male subjects. However, relative concentrations were slightly higher in male subjects. Conclusions Apple derived polyphenols can be readily detected in human blood and urine after juice consumption. The existence of sub-populations with different pharmacokinetics suggests significant variations in the individual metabolism rates of polyphenolic substances with implications on bioavailability and potential health effects within the body. Trial registration O2413 (Ethics Commissions of Upper Austria) and 415-EP/73/233-2013 Salzburg (Ethics Commissions of Salzburg). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-015-0018-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Wruss
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600, Wels, Austria.
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600, Wels, Austria.
| | - Stefan Huemer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600, Wels, Austria.
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Johannes Kepler University, Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Linz, Austria.
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria. .,BioTechMed-Graz, University Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Otmar Höglinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600, Wels, Austria.
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, A-4600, Wels, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Schmid T, Himmelsbach M, Oliver JD, Gaborieau M, Castignolles P, Buchberger W. Investigation of photochemical reactions of saccharides during direct ultraviolet absorbance detection in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:259-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Aichhorn S, Himmelsbach M, Schöfberger W. Synthesis of quinoxalines or quinolin-8-amines from N-propargyl aniline derivatives employing tin and indium chlorides. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:9373-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The utility of stannous chloride dihydrate as well as indium/InCl3 in combination with “ortho-nitrogen”-N-propargylanilines for the construction of either quinoxaline- or quinolin-8-amine-scaffolds is demonstrated. Depending on the nature of the alkyne, different bicyclic nitrogen heterocycles are formed under aerobic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Aichhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz
- Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hintersteiner I, Himmelsbach M, Buchberger WW. Characterization and quantitation of polyolefin microplastics in personal-care products using high-temperature gel-permeation chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1253-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
43
|
Oppelt KT, Gasiorowski J, Egbe DAM, Kollender JP, Himmelsbach M, Hassel AW, Sariciftci NS, Knör G. Rhodium-coordinated poly(arylene-ethynylene)-alt-poly(arylene-vinylene) copolymer acting as photocatalyst for visible-light-powered NAD⁺/NADH reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12721-9. [PMID: 25130570 PMCID: PMC4160281 DOI: 10.1021/ja506060u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A 2,2'-bipyridyl-containing poly(arylene-ethynylene)-alt-poly(arylene-vinylene) polymer, acting as a light-harvesting ligand system, was synthesized and coupled to an organometallic rhodium complex designed for photocatalytic NAD(+)/NADH reduction. The material, which absorbs over a wide spectral range, was characterized by using various analytical techniques, confirming its chemical structure and properties. The dielectric function of the material was determined from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. Photocatalytic reduction of nucleotide redox cofactors under visible light irradiation (390-650 nm) was performed and is discussed in detail. The new metal-containing polymer can be used to cover large surface areas (e.g. glass beads) and, due to this immobilization step, can be easily separated from the reaction solution after photolysis. Because of its high stability, the polymer-based catalyst system can be repeatedly used under different reaction conditions for (photo)chemical reduction of NAD(+). With this concept, enzymatic, photo-biocatalytic systems for solar energy conversion can be facilitated, and the precious metal catalyst can be recycled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin T. Oppelt
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler
University Linz, Altenberger
Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jacek Gasiorowski
- Linz
Institute of Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
- Semiconductor
Physics, Technical University of Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Strasse 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Linz
Institute of Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jan Philipp Kollender
- Institute
of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials (ICTAS), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry (IAC), Johannes
Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Achim Walter Hassel
- Institute
of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials (ICTAS), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz
Institute of Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Günther Knör
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler
University Linz, Altenberger
Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kriechbaum M, List M, Himmelsbach M, Redhammer GJ, Monkowius U. Peptide Coupling between Amino Acids and the Carboxylic Acid of a Functionalized Chlorido-gold(I)-phosphane. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10602-10. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5017142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Günther J. Redhammer
- Materialwissenschaften
und Physik, Abteilung für Mineralogie, Paris-Lodron Universität Salzburg, Hellabrunner Strasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Schoefberger W, Faschinger F, Aichhorn S, Himmelsbach M. Bismuth A3-Corroles: Useful Precursors for the Development of meso-Substituted Free-Base Corroles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Faschinger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU)
| | - Stefan Aichhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU)
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hintersteiner I, Schmid T, Himmelsbach M, Klampfl CW, Buchberger WW. Quantitative analysis of hindered amine light stabilizers by CZE with UV detection and quadrupole TOF mass spectrometric detection. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2965-71. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hintersteiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Thomas Schmid
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Christian W. Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Himmelsbach M, Varesio E, Hopfgartner G. Liquid Extraction Surface Analysis (LESA) of Hydrophobic TLC Plates Coupled to Chip-Based Nanoelectrospray High-resolution Mass Spectrometry. Chimia (Aarau) 2014; 68:150-4. [DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2014.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
48
|
Hintersteiner I, Himmelsbach M, Klampfl C, Buchberger WW. Characterization of hindered amine light stabilizers employing capillary electrophoresis coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1368-74. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hintersteiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | - Christian Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Linz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Himmelsbach M, Waser M, Klampfl CW. Thin layer chromatography–spray mass spectrometry: a method for easy identification of synthesis products and UV filters from TLC aluminum foils. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:3647-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
50
|
Lanzerstorfer P, Wruss J, Huemer S, Steininger A, Müller U, Himmelsbach M, Borgmann D, Winkler S, Höglinger O, Weghuber J. Bioanalytical characterization of apple juice from 88 grafted and nongrafted apple varieties grown in Upper Austria. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:1047-1056. [PMID: 24410208 DOI: 10.1021/jf4051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The compositional characteristics of untreated pure juice prepared from 88 apple varieties grown in the region of Eferding/Upper Austria were determined. Many of the analyzed varieties are noncommercial, old varieties not present in the market. The aim of the study was to quantitate the mineral, phosphate, trace elements, and polyphenolic content in order to identify varieties that are of particular interest for a wider distribution. Great variations among the investigated varieties could be found. This holds especially true for the total polyphenolic content (TPC) ranging from 103.2 to 2,275.6 mg/L. A clear dependence of the antioxidant capacity on the TPC levels was detected. Bioinformatics was employed to find specific interrelationships, such as Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺ and PO₄³⁻/K⁺, between the analyzed bio- and phytochemical parameters. Furthermore, special attention was drawn on putative effects of grafting on the phytochemical composition of apple varieties. By grafting 27 different apple varieties on two trees grown close to each other, it could be shown that the apple fruits remain their characteristic phytochemical composition. Finally, apple juice prepared from selected varieties was further characterized by additional biochemical analysis including cytotoxicity, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition, and α-amylase activity tests. Cytotoxicity and inhibition of EGFR activation were found to be dependent on the TPC, while α-amylase activity was reduced by the apple juices independent of the presence of polyphenolic substances. Taken together selected apple varieties investigated within this study might serve as preferable sources for the development of apple-based food with a strong focus on health beneficial effects.
Collapse
|