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Canute Kamikawachi R, Carrara V, Vilegas W. Dragon fruit farming by-products as an important source of several glycosylated flavonoids. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113400. [PMID: 37803741 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are globally used as an alternative for conventional drugs in treatment of many diseases. A significant proportion of medicinal properties of plants is addressed to antioxidant constituents as flavonoids and phenolic acids. The genus Selenicereus, known as dragon fruit, has about 15 species of epiphytic or hemiepiphytic cactus with hotspots in the tropical region of Mexico. Recently, these plants have been the focus of pharmacological studies due to the antioxidant activity of its fruits. Although many studies have investigated the biological activities of fruits, few studies investigated the chemical constituents and biological activities of cladodes. Despite the little knowledge about cladodes, it has been already observed to have higher antioxidant activities and other biological activities than the fruits. Besides this, cladodes are by-products resulting from the year-round pruning. Another important point about studies involving dragon fruit is that none of them identify the variety that is being used. As it is a commercial plant, it has many varieties created by artificial selection and hybridization such as many other food plants. In this study we found that varieties from the same species showed quantitative and qualitative differences in the metabolite profile using LC-MS. Metabolite profile from Cerrado (Selenicereus setaceus) was closer to Branca (Selenicereus undatus) than Thick King (S. setaceus), as well as Golden (S. undatus) was closer to Thick King than Branca. These results show that it is essential to identify varieties that are being used in the studies, whereas studies that attempt to replicate the experiments or use these plants for phytopreparations are prone to mislead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Canute Kamikawachi
- UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Araraquara/São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Virginia Carrara
- UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Araraquara/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências-Campus do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente/São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Shah K, Chen J, Chen J, Qin Y. Pitaya Nutrition, Biology, and Biotechnology: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13986. [PMID: 37762287 PMCID: PMC10530492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) is a member of the cactus family that is native to Central and South America but is now cultivated throughout the sub-tropical and tropical regions of the world. It is of great importance due to its nutritional, ornamental, coloring, medicinal, industrial, and high consumption values. In order to effectively utilize and develop the available genetic resources, it is necessary to appreciate and understand studies pertaining to the usage, origin, nutrition, diversity, evaluation, characterization, conservation, taxonomy, and systematics of the genus Hylocereus. Additionally, to gain a basic understanding of the biology of the plant, this review has also discussed how biotechnological tools, such as cell and tissue culture, micropropagation (i.e., somatic embryogenesis, organogenesis, somaclonal variation, mutagenesis, androgenesis, gynogenesis, and altered ploidy), virus-induced gene silencing, and molecular marker technology, have been used to enhance pitaya germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Shah
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (K.S.); (J.C.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (K.S.); (J.C.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (K.S.); (J.C.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (K.S.); (J.C.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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3
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Aslam MS, Kim YJ, Linchao Q. A Bio-Therapeutically Squalene. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION, RESEARCH, AND ETHICS 2023:53-65. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-7828-8.ch004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Although the skin tissue on our bodies is a well-organized structure with high biomechanical properties like tensile strength and friction, we have all experienced various types of wounds throughout our lives owing to numerous etiological factors. In the general population, it is a substantial source of morbidity. For instance, in the case of burnt skin tissue, self-healing is in fact a large and challenging barrier to tissue regeneration. Squalene is a bioactive triterpene that occurs naturally and plays a key role in the process of making sterols. The most well-known source of squalene is shark liver oil. Vegetable oils may contain squalene in a range of concentrations. They have been extracted using a variety of techniques, including supercritical carbon dioxide, microwave, ultrasonic, cold press, and traditional Soxhlet extractions. In vitro and in animal models, these substances have been demonstrated to have anticancer, antioxidant, drug carrier, detoxifier, skin moisturising, and emollient effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Jin Kim
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Qian Linchao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia
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Anushree U, Punj P, Vasumathi, Bharati S. Phosphorylated chitosan accelerates dermal wound healing in diabetic wistar rats. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:19-31. [PMID: 36447107 PMCID: PMC9925528 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated chitosan (PC), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan possesses several biological and chemical properties suitable for diabetic wound healing. In the present study, we report the synthesis and diabetic wound healing capabilities of PC. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 31P-NMR techniques were employed for the chemical characterization of PC. In vitro, antioxidant properties of PC were determined in terms of Fe3+ reducing, metal chelating, lipid peroxidation and superoxide scavenging ability. The wound healing potential of PC was assessed in diabetic excisional wound rat model. PC exhibited good water solubility, and in vitro antioxidant capacity. Wound contraction was higher in PC-treated wounds (91.11%) as compared to untreated wounds (67.26%) on 14th-day post wound creation. Histopathology of PC-treated wounds revealed improved tissue morphology with higher number of fibroblasts, a thicker epithelial layer, enhanced collagen deposits and angiogenesis as compared to untreated wounds. An overall increase of 57% and 25% in hydroxylamine and hexosamine content respectively were noted as compared to untreated wounds. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in SOD activity and a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxides were recorded in PC-treated wounds as compared to untreated wounds. These observations demonstrated that PC can be used as an effective agent in diabetic wound healing. Illustration of phosphorylated chitosan (PC) synthesis and its wound healing potential: Chitosan was phosphorylated to impart diabetic wound healing properties. Chemical characterizations such as elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMR confirmed successful phosphorylation of chitosan. PC exhibited good in vitro antioxidant properties. To assess the diabetic wound healing potential, an excisional wound model was developed in diabetic rats. PC treatment demonstrated accelerated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Anushree
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pratik Punj
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasumathi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Bharati
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Other Health Effects of Dragon Fruit and Potential Delivery Systems for Its Bioactive Compounds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010159. [PMID: 36678789 PMCID: PMC9861186 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus genus) has the potential for the prevention of diseases associated with inflammatory and oxidative processes. We aimed to comprehensively review dragon fruit health effects, economic importance, and possible use in delivery systems. Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched, and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines were followed. Studies have shown that pitaya can exert several benefits in conditions such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer due to the presence of bioactive compounds that may include vitamins, potassium, betacyanin, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid. Moreover, pitaya has the potential to be used in food and nutraceutical products as functional ingredients, natural colorants, ecologically correct and active packaging, edible films, preparation of photoprotective products, and additives. Besides the importance of dragon fruit as a source of bioactive compounds, the bioavailability is low. The development of delivery systems such as gold nanoparticles with these compounds can be an alternative to reach target tissues.
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Wound Healing and Antioxidant Properties of 80% Methanol Leaf Extract of Verbascum sinaiticum (Scrophulariaceae): An Ethiopian Medicinal Plant. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9836773. [PMID: 36118089 PMCID: PMC9477622 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9836773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wounds account for severe morbidity, socioeconomic distress, and mortality around the globe. For several years, various herbal products are used to expedite and augment the innate wound healing process. In Ethiopian folkloric medicine, Verbascum sinaiticum L. (V. sinaiticum) is commonly applied as a wound-healing agent. The present study investigated the potential wound healing and antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of V. sinaiticum. The 80% methanol extract, formulated as 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) ointments, was evaluated in excision and incision wound models using nitrofurazone and simple ointment as positive and negative controls, respectively. Parameters such as wound contraction, period of epithelialization, and tensile strength were determined. Moreover, its in vitro antioxidant property was evaluated using a DPPH assay. In the excision model, both doses (5% and 10% w/w) of the extract showed a significant (
) wound healing efficacy compared to the negative control as evidenced by enhanced wound contraction rate and shorter epithelialization time records. In the incision model, the lower dose (5% w/w) ointment formulation of the extract exhibited the maximum increment in tensile strength (85.6%) that was significant (
) compared to negative and untreated controls. Animals treated with 5% w/w ointment, furthermore, showed a significantly (
) higher percentage of tensile strength than nitrofurazone treated ones. Moreover, the hydroalcoholic extract of the plant showed a noticeable free radical scavenging property. The result of the present study upholds the folkloric use of V. sinaiticum in the treatment of wounds.
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Salazar-Gómez A, Alonso-Castro AJ. Medicinal Plants from Latin America with Wound Healing Activity: Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Preclinical and Clinical Studies—A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091095. [PMID: 36145316 PMCID: PMC9505834 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Latin America is a multicultural region with ancient traditional medicine. There is extensive knowledge of the use of medicinal plants for wound healing in this region. Nevertheless, many of these medicinal plants lack pharmacological, toxicological, and chemical studies. This review focuses on the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological (preclinical and clinical) studies of medicinal plants with wound healing activity, from Latin America. An electronic database search was conducted by consulting scientific articles and books. A total of 305 plant species with wound healing activity were recorded, based on traditional medicine. Most medicinal plants used in wound healing in Latin America are topically administered; their methods of preparation are mainly by water infusion from aerial parts. Only thirty-five percent of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for wound healing have been experimentally validated for their pharmacological effects, and the wound healing activity of five medicinal plants has been studied in clinical trials. In all, 25 compounds (mostly terpenes and flavonoids) have been isolated from medicinal plants with wound healing activity; therefore, extensive work is necessary for a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the wound healing effects of medicinal plants in Latin America. The mechanism of action of medicinal plants, their toxicological actions on the skin, and their bioactive compounds, have yet to be investigated. This review on the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies, of medicinal plants from Latin America with wound healing activity, offers promising data for further studies, as well as providing new insights into their possible role in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuar Salazar-Gómez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (ENES-León UNAM), Blvd. UNAM 2011, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta, Colonia Noria Alta Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36250, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-473-732-0006
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8
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Identification of phenolic compounds in Australian grown dragon fruits by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and determination of their antioxidant potential. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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9
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Gómez-Maqueo A, Escobedo-Avellaneda Z, Welti-Chanes J. Phenolic Compounds in Mesoamerican Fruits-Characterization, Health Potential and Processing with Innovative Technologies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8357. [PMID: 33171785 PMCID: PMC7664671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in phenolic compounds have been associated to reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome and its derived disorders. Fruits are healthy components of the human diet because of their vitamin, mineral, fiber and phenolic profile. However, they have a short shelf-life which is limited by microbiological growth and enzymatic activity. Innovative preservation methods such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, microwave, cold plasma and ultraviolet light have become popular for the processing of fruits because they can preserve nutritional quality. In this review, the phenolic profile and health potential of 38 Mesoamerican fruits were assessed. Phenolic compounds were classified based on their contribution to the diet as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannin, lignins and stilbenoids. Due to this composition, fruits showed a wide range of bioactivities which included anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and anti-obesity activities, among others. Phenolic content in fruits submitted to innovative food processing technologies depended on parameters such as enzymatic activity, antioxidant capacity, microstructure integrity and cell viability. Innovative technologies could increase phenolic content while assuring microbiological safety by (i) promoting the release of bound phenolic compounds during processing and (ii) inducing the synthesis of phenolic compounds by activation of phenylpropanoid pathway during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gómez-Maqueo
- Food Structure Team, Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Research and Technology, 14 Medical Drive #07-02, MD 6 Building, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Zamantha Escobedo-Avellaneda
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Col. Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge Welti-Chanes
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Col. Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Joshi M, Prabhakar B. Phytoconstituents and pharmaco-therapeutic benefits of pitaya: A wonder fruit. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13260. [PMID: 32378233 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dragon fruit has caught the attention of many researchers in the last few years because of its vast therapeutic potential. The fruit is enriched with several phytochemical constituents having tremendous pharmacological properties. It is traditionally used as a coloring agent. Some newly explored therapeutic applications include its use as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anticancer, and nutraceutical. The phytoconstituents can be extracted from flesh, peel, and seeds of the fruit. The fruit is known to be a rich source of betacyanin, vitamin C, and lycopene. The current review is focused on phytochemical constituents of dragon fruit along with its pharmacological activities. It also sheds light on the safety aspects of the fruit. The review will pave a path for researchers to study this marvel fruit further for societal benefit. Advanced research on dragon fruit will unleash many more therapeutic benefits and can give mechanistic insight about its activities. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Phytoconstituents play a vital role in the treatment of various diseases and for the improvement of human health, in general. Dragon fruit is known to be having antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer applications. The fruit can also be used as a nutraceutical (functional food). To grab all the benefits from this fruit, its phytoconstituents and pharmaco-therapeutic aspect have to be thoroughly studied. This review can be very useful for researchers across different fields like botany, agriculture, pharmacy, etc., to bridge the gap for collaborative work on dragon fruit, which will help in finding solutions for many modern diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Joshi
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Bala Prabhakar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Ramírez-Rodríguez Y, Martínez-Huélamo M, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Ramírez V, Martínez-Tagüeña N, Trujillo J. Ethnobotanical, nutritional and medicinal properties of Mexican drylands Cactaceae Fruits: Recent findings and research opportunities. Food Chem 2020; 312:126073. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Cornara L, Xiao J, Smeriglio A, Trombetta D, Burlando B. Emerging Exotic Fruits: New Functional Foods in the European Market. EFOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.200406.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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S. Eldeen I, Foong S, Ismail N, Wong K. Regulation of pro-inflammatory enzymes by the dragon fruits from Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) and squalene - its major volatile constituents. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_271_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Oguntibeju OO. Medicinal plants and their effects on diabetic wound healing. Vet World 2019; 12:653-663. [PMID: 31327900 PMCID: PMC6584855 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.653-663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wounds have a serious negative impact on the health-care economy of a country, especially on the economy of developing countries where resources are poor and funding is very limited. It is presumed that about 80% of people living in developing countries use traditional medicines which are majorly prepared from medicinal plants to meet their primary health-care needs. Due to the large reservoir of medicinal plants and adequate traditional knowledge on wound healing, many people in Africa and other developing countries use medicinal plants in the treatment of diabetic wounds and related complications. Wound healing in the external and internal biological organs involves a series of complex overlapping processes which demand excellent communication between cells. It is an orderly and highly controlled process characterized by hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Diabetes is a global health problem predicted to rise to over 642 million by 2040. The propelling factor responsible for the increase in morbidity and mortality of diabetes is linked to vascular complications as well as the failure of the wound healing processes in diabetic state. Different approaches have been adopted in the treatment of diabetic wounds, and medicinal plants are certainly one of those approaches that have drawn global attention. In this review paper, the effects of medical plants on wound healing in diabetic state as well as factors affecting wound healing and the mechanism of action of medicinal plants are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
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ROSA MARTHA PG, SUSANA GABRIELA EA. Ursane derivatives isolated from leaves of Hylocereus undatus inhibit glycation at multiple stages. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:856-865. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Ibrahim SRM, Mohamed GA, Khedr AIM, Zayed MF, El-Kholy AAES. GenusHylocereus: Beneficial phytochemicals, nutritional importance, and biological relevance-A review. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin Ragab Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; College of Pharmacy, Taibah University; Al Madinah Al Munawarah 30078 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Assiut University; Assiut 71526 Egypt
| | - Gamal Abdallah Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch; Assiut 71524 Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Fathalla Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; College of Pharmacy, Taibah University; Al Madinah Al Munawarah 30078 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Amal Abd-Elmoneim Soliman El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy, Taibah University; Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 30078 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
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Kundu A, Ghosh A, Singh NK, Singh GK, Seth A, Maurya SK, Hemalatha S, Laloo D. Wound healing activity of the ethanol root extract and polyphenolic rich fraction from Potentilla fulgens. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2383-2393. [PMID: 27043472 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1157192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook (Rosaceae) is a potent medicinal plant of the Western Himalayas, where its roots are traditionally used by the local people of Uttaranchal (India) to treat wounds and tiger bites. OBJECTIVE The present study scientifically evaluates the wound healing activity of P. fulgens ethanol root extract (EPF) and its ethyl acetate fraction (PFEA) on experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wounds were inflicted on animals by using both excision and incision models. The wounded animals were treated for 16 days with EPF (oral: 200-400 mg/kg and topical: 5-10% w/w) and PFEA (oral: 75 mg/kg; topical: 1.75% w/w). Various physical (wound contraction, epithelialization rate, tensile strength) and biochemical parameters (hydroxyproline, hexosamine, proteins, DNA) were examined during the study. Oxidant product (lipidperoxidase), antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide-dismutase) and reduced glutathione were determined. Morphological and histopathological studies of the skin tissues were monitored. RESULTS A significant (p < 0.05) wound healing property was observed when the animals were treated topically with EPF (10% w/w) and PFEA (1.75% w/w). A significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the levels of hydroxyproline, hexosamine, protein and DNA up to 59.22, 70.42, 61.01 and 60.00% was observed, respectively. This effect was further demonstrated by the morphological and histopathological representation, thus showing significant (p < 0.05) re-epethelialization on the healing area. EPF and PFEA also showed significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS The present study provided the scientific evidence, where P. fulgens rich in polyphenolic components possess remarkable wound healing activities, thereby supporting the traditional claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Kundu
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Arka Ghosh
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Narendra K Singh
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Gireesh K Singh
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Ankit Seth
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
| | - Siva Hemalatha
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
| | - Damiki Laloo
- a Ayurvedic Pharmacy Research Laboratory , Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University , Mirzapur , India
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Ben Djemaa FG, Bellassoued K, Zouari S, El Feki A, Ammar E. Antioxidant and wound healing activity of Lavandula aspic L. ointment. J Tissue Viability 2016; 25:193-200. [PMID: 27769632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lavandula aspic L. is a strongly aromatic shrub plant of the Lamiaceae family and traditionally used in herbal medicine for the treatment of several skin disorders, including wounds, burns, and ulcers. The present study aimed to investigate the composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of lavender essential oil. In addition, it aimed to evaluate the excision wound healing activity and antioxidant property of a Lavandula aspic L. essential oil formulated in ointment using a rat model. The rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. The test groups were topically treated with the vehicle, lavender ointment (4%) and a reference drug, while the control group was left untreated. Wound healing efficiency was determined by monitoring morphological and biochemical parameters and skin histological analysis. Wound contraction and protein synthesis were also determined. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the determination of MDA rates and antioxidant enzymes (GPx, catalase and superoxide dismutase). The treatment with lavender ointment was noted to significantly enhance wound contraction rate (98%) and protein synthesis. Overall, the results provided strong support for the effective wound healing activity of lavender ointment, making it a promising candidate for future application as a therapeutic agent in tissue repairing processes associated with skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdaous Ghrab Ben Djemaa
- Coastal and Urban Environments, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia; Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences in Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 95, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Khaled Bellassoued
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences in Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 95, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Sami Zouari
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences in Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 95, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelfatteh El Feki
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences in Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 95, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Emna Ammar
- Coastal and Urban Environments, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
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Skin Antiageing and Systemic Redox Effects of Supplementation with Marine Collagen Peptides and Plant-Derived Antioxidants: A Single-Blind Case-Control Clinical Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4389410. [PMID: 26904164 PMCID: PMC4745978 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4389410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, development and research of nutraceuticals based on marine collagen peptides (MCPs) have been growing due to their high homology with human collagens, safety, bioavailability through gut, and numerous bioactivities. The major concern regarding safety of MCPs intake relates to increased risk of oxidative stress connected with collagen synthesis (likewise in fibrosis) and to ROS production by MCPs-stimulated phagocytes. In this clinical-laboratory study, fish skin MCPs combined with plant-derived skin-targeting antioxidants (AO) (coenzyme Q10 + grape-skin extract + luteolin + selenium) were administered to volunteers (n = 41). Skin properties (moisture, elasticity, sebum production, and biological age) and ultrasonic markers (epidermal/dermal thickness and acoustic density) were measured thrice (2 months before treatment and before and after cessation of 2-month oral intake). The supplementation remarkably improved skin elasticity, sebum production, and dermal ultrasonic markers. Metabolic data showed significant increase of plasma hydroxyproline and ATP storage in erythrocytes. Redox parameters, GSH/coenzyme Q10 content, and GPx/GST activities were unchanged, while NO and MDA were moderately increased within, however, normal range of values. Conclusions. A combination of MCPs with skin-targeting AOs could be effective and safe supplement to improve skin properties without risk of oxidative damage.
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Wang J, Xu M, Liang R, Zhao M, Zhang Z, Li Y. Oral administration of marine collagen peptides prepared from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) improves wound healing following cesarean section in rats. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:26411. [PMID: 25976613 PMCID: PMC4432022 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.26411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of the present study was to investigate the wound-healing potential of marine collagen peptides (MCPs) from chum salmon skin administered to rats following cesarean section (CS). METHODS Ninety-six pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: a vehicle group and three MCP groups. After CS, rats were intragastrically given MCPs at doses of 0, 0.13, 0.38, 1.15 g/kg*bw, respectively. On postoperative days 7, 14, and 21, the uterine bursting pressure, skin tensile strength, hydroxyproline (Hyp) concentrations, and histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the scar tissue were examined. RESULTS In the MCP groups, the skin tensile strength, uterine bursting pressure, and Hyp were significantly higher than those in the vehicle group at all three time points (p<0.05). The formation of capillary, fibroblast, and collagen fiber, the expression of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta-1 were increased in the MCP groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION MCPs could accelerate the process of wounding healing in rats after CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China;
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Deshmukh PT, Gupta VB. Embelin accelerates cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:158-165. [PMID: 23327735 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.758634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the effect of embelin (1) on cutaneous wound in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The effect was studied using excision, incision, and dead space models. In diabetic rats, topical application of embelin 5% (w/w) ointment showed a significant increase in wound contraction and better epithelialization, thereby facilitating the healing. Embelin was also active by the oral route (25 and 50 mg/kg) in the incision and dead space wound models. In incision wound model, wound granulation tissues were removed on 8th post-wounding day, and the hydroxyproline, hexosamine, total protein, and DNA contents were determined. In STZ diabetic rats, topical and oral applications of embelin showed an increase in hydroxyproline, hexosamine, total protein, and DNA contents. It also showed a significant increase in wound breaking strength. Embelin significantly increased granuloma tissue weight and breaking strength in dead space model. These results indicated that embelin accelerated wound healing in diabetic rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep T Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jodhpur National University, Narnadi, Bornada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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Anand Swarup KRL, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Abdulla MH, Salman IM, Rathore HA, Johns EJ. Effect of dragon fruit extract on oxidative stress and aortic stiffness in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Pharmacognosy Res 2011; 2:31-5. [PMID: 21808536 PMCID: PMC3140125 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.60582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are consistently observed in diabetic patients across all age groups. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of the fruit pulp of Hylocereus undatus (DFE) on aortic stiffness and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Twenty-four male, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups: I (control), II (diabetic), III (DFE, 250 mg/kg) and IV (DFE 500 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in groups II, III and IV by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (40 mg/kg). After confirmation of diabetes, group III and IV received DFE for 5 weeks. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used as a marker of aortic stiffness and was determined at the end of 5 weeks. DFE significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic rats, but not to normal levels. Systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and PWV were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in diabetic rats at the end of 5 weeks in comparison with control group. DFE treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) these elevations. Oxidative damage was observed in group II after 5 weeks. Plasma malondialdehyde levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity significantly increased (P < 0.05) with DFE treatment in comparison with group II. These data demonstrate that DFE treatment was effective in controlling oxidative damage and decreasing the aortic stiffness measured by PWV in STZ-induced diabetes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolla R L Anand Swarup
- Physiology Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden - 11800, Penang
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Practices in wound healing studies of plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:438056. [PMID: 21716711 PMCID: PMC3118986 DOI: 10.1155/2011/438056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Wounds are the result of injuries to the skin that disrupt the other soft tissue. Healing of a wound is a complex and protracted process of tissue repair and remodeling in response to injury. Various plant products have been used in treatment of wounds over the years. Wound healing herbal extracts promote blood clotting, fight infection, and accelerate the healing of wounds. Phytoconstituents derived from plants need to be identified and screened for antimicrobial activity for management of wounds. The in vitro assays are useful, quick, and relatively inexpensive. Small animals provide a multitude of model choices for various human wound conditions. The study must be conducted after obtaining approval of the Ethics Committee and according to the guidelines for care and use of animals. The prepared formulations of herbal extract can be evaluated by various physicopharmaceutical parameters. The wound healing efficacies of various herbal extracts have been evaluated in excision, incision, dead space, and burn wound models. In vitro and in vivo assays are stepping stones to well-controlled clinical trials of herbal extracts.
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Abstract
We sought to determine whether postcaesarean treatment with whey peptides (WP) affects the healing of skin and uterine incision in rats during puerperium. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into two groups. After a caesarean section, twenty-four rats were intragastrically administered WP, while others were administered a control vehicle. On days 7, 14 and 21 after delivery, the serum total protein/albumin concentration, skin tensile strength, uterine bursting pressure, skin/uterine hydroxyproline (Hyp) concentration and histological characteristics of the scar were measured in eight rats in each group. In the WP group, the albumin concentration, skin tensile strength, uterine bursting pressure and Hyp concentration in the skin increased significantly on days 21, 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Low neutrophil count and smaller scar width in the skin incision were found in the WP group on day 7. Postcaesarean treatment with WP promoted significant wound healing in the skin incision, and had a significant wound healing potential in the uterus.
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Rivera G, Bocanegra-García V, Monge A. Traditional plants as source of functional foods: a review Plantas tradicionales como fuente de alimentos funcionales: una revisión. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19476330903322978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Braiman-Wiksman L, Solomonik I, Spira R, Tennenbaum T. Novel insights into wound healing sequence of events. Toxicol Pathol 2008; 35:767-79. [PMID: 17943650 DOI: 10.1080/01926230701584189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Effective wound healing leads to restoration of tissue integrity and occurs through a highly organized multistage process involving various cell types. Currently, methods for wound healing assessment lack a structured system for analysis of quantitative parameters. We have established a unique quantitative assessment strategy of wound healing stages based on histological criteria. Distinctive immunohistochemical parameters including re-epithelialization, epidermal differentiation, cell migration, proliferation, inflammatory response as well as dermal closure, matrix distribution, and skin remodelling were identified and followed during the timeline of wound healing progression. Assessment was based on various defined characteristics and each stage-specific parameter was independently quantified for complete wound closure. This analysis allowed a follow-up of wound healing dynamics and identified the contribution of critical and specific parameters to wound healing physiology and pathology. In this review we demonstrate our assessment strategy of crucial wound healing events and introduce a unique quantification system for each of the processes involved in wound repair. We believe that our unique method can be utilized as a diagnostic platform for standardizing assessment of wound healing progression as well as a screening tool for potential therapies.
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Gutiérrez RMP, Solís RV, Baez EG, Flores JMM. Microvascular protective activity in rabbits of triterpenes from Hylocereus undatus. J Nat Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-007-0150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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