1
|
Sakalem ME, Tabach R, de Oliveira M, Carlini EA. Behavioral Pharmacology of Five Uncommon Passiflora Species Indicates Sedative and Anxiolytic-like Potential. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:125-138. [PMID: 35473529 DOI: 10.2174/1871524922666220426102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are over 500 species in the Passiflora genus, and while some of them are very well known in folk medicine for their anxiolytic effects, very little is known for the other genus representants, which could also present medicinal effects. OBJECTIVE In this study, we performed an interspecific pharmacological comparison of five little investigated Passiflora species, all native to Brazil: P. bahiensis, P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis, P. sidaefolia, and P. vitifolia. METHOD Extracts were administered to mice before behavioral testing, which included a general pharmacological screening and anxiolytic-like effect investigation. RESULTS Three of the species [P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis, and P. sidaefolia] induced a decrease in locomotor activity of mice; P. coccinea also reduced the latency to sleep. Importantly, none of the species interfered with motor coordination. Oral administration evoked no severe signs of toxicity even at higher doses. Regarding the anxiolytic-like profile, P. sidaefolia reduced the anxious-like behavior in the Holeboard test in a similar way to the positive control, Passiflora incarnata, while not affecting total motricity. CONCLUSION These results indicate that P. coccinea, P. quadrangularis, and P. sidaefolia reduced the general activity of mice and confer a calmative/sedative potential to these three species, which must be further elucidated by future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marna Eliana Sakalem
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo [UNIFESP], Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tabach
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo [UNIFESP], Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Universidade Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miriane de Oliveira
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University [UNESP], Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisaldo Araújo Carlini
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo [UNIFESP], Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dokkedal-Silva V, Oliveira MGM, Galduróz JCF, Tufik S, Andersen ML. The effect of sleep medications on prospective and retrospective memory: a population-based study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 104:110043. [PMID: 32682875 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sleep medications, especially benzodiazepines, are known to cause motor and cognitive impairments as side-effects from their use. However, an evaluation of the effects of sleep medications in general on prospective and retrospective memory remains to be seen. Thus, the effects of the different types of sleep medicines were assessed using the total score and the 8 subscales of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) in a representative sample from the Municipality of São Paulo. The effects of each type of medication on these same parameters were evaluated afterwards. Each analysis was performed controlling for different covariates to observe their degree of interference on the observed results. Impairment due to use of sleep aid medication was observed in 6 of the 8 subscales, as well in the overall score of the PRMQ when compared to non-users. Prospective subscales were particularly affected, even when controlling for highly interfering covariates such as depression and anxiety, and objective sleep variables related to sleep architecture and wakefulness in the night. Few effects were detected between the various types of medication even when controlling for covariates, suggesting that a sample with higher power is necessary to conduct a more detailed analysis. Using pharmacological aids to improve sleep may impair prospective and (to some extent) retrospective memory. Therefore, the relationship between sleep impairment, memory deficits and medication use must be considered by physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Dokkedal-Silva
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Menezes Oliveira
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to boost the immune system in people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
4
|
Alonso-Castro AJ, Domínguez F, Ruiz-Padilla AJ, Campos-Xolalpa N, Zapata-Morales JR, Carranza-Alvarez C, Maldonado-Miranda JJ. Medicinal Plants from North and Central America and the Caribbean Considered Toxic for Humans: The Other Side of the Coin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:9439868. [PMID: 29234446 PMCID: PMC5688365 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9439868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of medicinal plants has notably increased over the past two decades. People consider herbal products as safe because of their natural origin, without taking into consideration whether these plants contain a toxic principle. This represents a serious health problem. A bibliographic search was carried out using published scientific material on native plants from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, which describe the ethnobotanical and toxicological information of medicinal plants empirically considered to be toxic. A total of 216 medicinal plants belonging to 77 families have been reported as toxic. Of these plants, 76 had been studied, and 140 plants lacked studies regarding their toxicological effects. The toxicity of 16 plants species has been reported in clinical cases, particularly in children. From these plants, deaths have been reported with the consumption of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Argemone mexicana, and Thevetia peruviana. In most of the cases, the principle of the plant responsible for the toxicity is unknown. There is limited information about the toxicity of medicinal plants used in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. More toxicological studies are necessary to contribute information about the safe use of the medicinal plants cited in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, PUE, Mexico
| | - Alan Joel Ruiz-Padilla
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Nimsi Campos-Xolalpa
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Ramón Zapata-Morales
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza-Alvarez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| | - Juan Jose Maldonado-Miranda
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Block KI, Gyllenhaal C, Mead MN. Safety and Efficacy of Herbal Sedatives in Cancer Care. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 3:128-48. [PMID: 15165499 DOI: 10.1177/1534735404265003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia and other sleep disturbances are common in cancer patients. Insomnia is a multifactorial health concern that currently affects at least 1 in 3 cancer patients, and yet most insomnia sufferers do not consult their physician regarding pharmaceutical options for relief. Use of hypnotic drugs (primarily benzodiazepines) is associated with increasing tolerance, dependence, and adverse effects on the central nervous system. While hypnotic drug use declined substantially in the past decade, the use of herbal sedatives appeared to increase. Mostly self-prescribed by lay people, herbal sedatives hold widespread appeal, presumably because of their lower cost and higher margin of safety when compared to pharmaceuticals. Studies of better-known herbal sedatives, notably valerian and kava, showed moderate evidence for both safety and efficacy for valerian while revealing disturbing toxicity concerns for kava. Milder sedatives or anxiolytics in need of clinical study include German chamomile, lavender, hops, lemon balm, and passionflower; St. John’s wort may have anxiolytic effects with relevance to sleep. Herb-drug interactions are a possibility for some of these species, including St. John’s wort. Although sufficient evidence exists to recommend some of these agents for short-term relief of mild insomnia, long-term trials and observational studies are needed to establish the safety of prolonged use as well as overall efficacy in the context of cancer treatment and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith I Block
- Block Center for Integrative Cancer Care, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Güzel Y, Güzelşemme M, Miski M. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used in Antakya: A multicultural district in Hatay Province of Turkey. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:118-152. [PMID: 26239155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE We have compiled information about the medicinal plants used in folk medicine in the district of Antakya. Since its establishment by King Seleucus I in 300 B.C., Antakya (old Antioch) has hosted nearly 20 civilizations. Antakya, neighboring Northwestern Syria, is located on the western end of the "Silk Road" and was one of the great centers of Graeco-Roman world. Today, Antakya is a cosmopolitan city in which Arabic and Turkish are widely spoken, and where distinct ethnic and religious communities, such as Arab Alawite, Arab Christian, Arab Sunni, Turk Sunni, Armenian, and Jewish, have been living together in harmony for centuries. In addition, the rich flora in the vicinity of Antakya also renders the area interesting in terms of ethnobotanical fieldwork. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to compile the information about plants used for medicinal purposes by local people in the district of Antakya. This city is a significant region in terms of ethnobotanical fieldwork, owing to its cosmopolitan structure, long history, relatively preserved traditional community structure, and rich flora. Furthermore, we sought to compare the ethnomedicinal data geographically, cross-culturally, and historically. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethnobotany of medicinal plants used in the district of Antakya has been investigated through two separate studies; one was conducted in 1975, interviewing 29 people, and the other was conducted in 2011-2013, interviewing 182 people. The use value (UV) and informant consensus factor (FIC) values of the plants were calculated. In order to interpret the authenticity and sources of the compiled ethnomedicinal information, previous publications that contain information about the similar medicinal uses of plants identified in our region were reviewed and evaluated meticulously. A comparison with the data obtained from other regions of Turkey and from other Mediterranean regions, as well as a cross-cultural analysis between the ethnic groups within the study area, was performed by implementation of the Jaccard index (JI) RESULTS: Throughout the study, information about 202 medicinal plant taxa was compiled. Among these plants, 39 have either not yet been mentioned in ethnobotanical or medicinal studies, or have been used for a medicinal purpose other than those encountered in the literature review. The ethnomedicinal information we gathered from the study area exhibits close similarities to the ethnomedicinal information of other Southern and Eastern Mediterranean countries where Arabic is spoken, as well as to that of Northern and Western Mediterranean countries where Latin languages are spoken. In addition to these similarities, in most cases, this ethnomedicinal information shows hybrid features of ethnomedicinal knowledge from Eastern and Western Mediterranean countries. CONCLUSION Based on a literature survey, we found that the cited medicinal uses for 43 plants have also been corroborated by other various biological testings. This finding strongly suggests the importance of ethnobotanical studies in the development of new medicines. We believe that this study has compiled rich ethnomedicinal information that reflects the cosmopolitan structure of Antakya in a very good way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Güzel
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 31040 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Güzelşemme
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 31040 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Miski
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 34452 Beyazit-Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ayres AS, de Araújo LL, Soares TC, Costa GM, Reginatto FH, Ramos FA, Castellanos L, Schenkel EP, Soares-Rachetti VP, Zucolotto SM, Gavioli EC. Comparative central effects of the aqueous leaf extract of two populations of Passiflora edulis. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Wang C, Xu FQ, Shang JH, Xiao H, Fan WW, Dong FW, Hu JM, Zhou J. Cycloartane triterpenoid saponins from water soluble of Passiflora edulis Sims and their antidepressant-like effects. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:812-817. [PMID: 23702036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Various species of genus Passiflora have been used as traditional folk medicines owing to their sedative and anti-hypertensive properties. Passiflora edulis Sims most widely grown in the warm temperate for their fragrant fruits and their twigs and leaves are used as a folk medicine for treating both anxiety and nervousness in American countries. The present study was to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect and the active components of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The alcohol extracts of the stems (PES, 10 and 2 g/kg of the plant materials) and leaves (PEL, 10 and 2 g/kg of the plant materials) of Passiflora edulis Sims were orally administered to mice for 7 day. The animals were tested in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). After behavioral assay of ethanol extract, phytochemical research of the stems and leaves (5.7 kg) of Passiflora edulis Sims were developed and further bioactive verification of monomeric compounds were conducted. RESULTS There are mainly cycloartane triterpenoids and their saponins isolated from this plant, including two new cycloartane triterpenoid saponins named cyclopassifloside ХII (1) and ХIII (2), together with six known cycloartane triterpenoids, cyclopassifloic acids B and E, cyclopassiflosides II, VI, IX and XI. The ethanol extract of Passiflora edulis Sims together with isolated compounds cyclopassiflosides IX and XI may possess antidepressant-like effect. CONCLUSIONS Cycloartane triterpenoid was one of the main compositions of Passiflora edulis Sims and possess antidepressant-like activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Klein N, Gazola AC, de Lima TCM, Schenkel E, Nieber K, Butterweck V. Assessment of Sedative Effects of Passiflora edulis
f. flavicarpa
and Passiflora alata
Extracts in Mice, Measured by Telemetry. Phytother Res 2013; 28:706-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Klein
- College of Pharmacy; University of Florida; Gainesville USA
- Institut für Pharmazie; Universität Leipzig; Talstraße 33 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Andressa Córneo Gazola
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC 88040-970 Brazil
| | - Thereza Christina Monteiro de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC 88040-970 Brazil
| | - Eloir Schenkel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC 88040-970 Brazil
| | - Karen Nieber
- Institut für Pharmazie; Universität Leipzig; Talstraße 33 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lewis BJ, Herrlinger KA, Craig TA, Mehring-Franklin CE, DeFreitas Z, Hinojosa-Laborde C. Antihypertensive effect of passion fruit peel extract and its major bioactive components following acute supplementation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1359-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
Zucolotto SM, Fagundes C, Reginatto FH, Ramos FA, Castellanos L, Duque C, Schenkel EP. Analysis of C-glycosyl flavonoids from South American Passiflora species by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2012; 23:232-239. [PMID: 21858882 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leaves and fruits of Passiflora species are widely used around the world in popular medicine, mainly as sedatives and tranquilisers. C-glycosyl flavonoids are the main components of these species. OBJECTIVE To investigate the constituent patterns and to develop a chromatographic method for the characterisation of the C-glycosyl flavonoids profile of the extracts of the leaves and the pericarp of South American Passiflora species. METHODOLOGY The chemical composition of extracts from the leaves and the fruits' pericarp of Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa, P. edulis var. edulis, Passiflora alata, Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima, Passiflora quadrangularis, Passiflora manicata and Passiflora ligularis was evaluated for the presence of C-glycosyl flavonoids. Two separate HPLC methods were developed suitable for a diode array detector (DAD) and a MS detector. Separation by HPLC-DAD was achieved on a Luna C-18 column, using solvent A (tetrahydrofuran-isopropanol-acetonitrile) and solvent B (H₃PO₄ 0.5%) in an isocratic elution mode. In the HPLC-MS, the components were separated on a Luna RP-18A column by a gradient elution (water-acetonitrile-formic acid). RESULTS The presence of C-glycosyl flavonoids was identified in leaves and pericarp of P. edulis var. flavicarpa, P. alata, P. edulis var. edulis and P. tripartita var. molissima, but only in leaf extracts of P. quadrangularis and P. manicata and not at all in P. ligularis. The different species and varieties showed different major constituents. The C-glycosyl flavonoids identified more frequently were orientin, isoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin. CONCLUSION The methods established are simple and can be used as a tool for the characterisation and quality control of pharmaceutical preparations containing these Passiflora extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88.049-900, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Neuropharmacological Activity of the Pericarp of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa Degener: Putative Involvement of C-Glycosylflavonoids. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2009; 234:967-75. [DOI: 10.3181/0902-rm-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Passiflora edulis has been used in traditional medicine as a sedative and to treat or prevent central disorders such as anxiety and insomnia. In this study, the central effects of the aqueous extract (AE), the butanolic fraction (BF), and the aqueous residual fraction (ARF) obtained from the pericarp of P. edulis flavicarpa were investigated in mice and the possible compounds involved in these putative neuropharmacologic effects were determined. AE, BF, and ARF increased the total time spent in the light compartment of the light:dark box, an anxiolytic-like effect, and AE also potentiated the hypnotic effects of ethyl ether, a sedative effect. The thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated the predominance of C-glycosylflavonoids in these extracts and fractions, which were identified as isoorientin, vicenin-2, spinosin, and 6,8-di- C-glycosylchrysin.
Collapse
|
13
|
Barbosa PR, Valvassori SS, Bordignon CL, Kappel VD, Martins MR, Gavioli EC, Quevedo J, Reginatto FH. The Aqueous Extracts of Passiflora alata and Passiflora edulis Reduce Anxiety-Related Behaviors Without Affecting Memory Process in Rats. J Med Food 2008; 11:282-8. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R. Barbosa
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Samira S. Valvassori
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Celso L. Bordignon
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Virginia D. Kappel
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcio R. Martins
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Elaine C. Gavioli
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Flávio H. Reginatto
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alves NDDC, Santos TCD, Rodrigues CR, Castro HC, Lira LM, Dornelas CB, Cabral LM. Avaliação da adequação técnica de indústrias de medicamentos fitoterápicos e oficinais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2008; 13 Suppl:745-53. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232008000700025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neste trabalho, buscou-se determinar o perfil de indústrias farmacêuticas dedicadas à fabricação e fracionamento de medicamentos fitoterápicos e oficinais no Estado do Rio de Janeiro por informações do CVS-RJ. Foram identificadas 48 empresas com atividades relacionadas à fabricação e/ou fracionamento e distribuição de medicamentos oficinais e fitoterápicos e analisadas no grau de adequação à legislação sanitária vigente, cumprimento de boas práticas de fabricação vigentes, bem como às questões relacionadas ao registro de produtos; as principais irregularidades foram o fluxo de pessoal e controle de qualidade adequado. Constatou-se que há atualmente empresas em situação: satisfatória (29,2%), satisfatórias com restrições (10,4%), insatisfatórias (6,2%), interditadas (39,6%), e solicitantes do cancelamento do processo por não terem condições para o cumprimento da RDC nº 210/03 (14,6%). Segundo o quadro atual, ainda é grande o número de empresas com atividades relacionadas à fabricação e/ou fracionamento e distribuição de medicamentos fitoterápicos e oficinais em fase de adequação ou em condições não adequadas no Rio de Janeiro. Ao mesmo tempo, é pouco factível a adequação, frente ao tipo de produto e porte financeiro, apontando um prognóstico desfavorável para o setor em questão.
Collapse
|
15
|
Montanher AB, Zucolotto SM, Schenkel EP, Fröde TS. Evidence of anti-inflammatory effects of Passiflora edulis in an inflammation model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 109:281-8. [PMID: 16949230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The popular medicine Passiflora edulis has been used as a sedative, tranquilizer, against cutaneous inflammatory diseases and intermittent fever. Most of the pharmacological investigations of Passiflora edulis have been addressed to its Central Nervous System activities, such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and sedative actions. Otherwise, there are few reports about the anti-inflammatory activity of the Passiflora species. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous lyophilized extract obtained from leaves of Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener (Passifloraceae) in the mouse model of pleurisy induced by carrageenan (Cg), bradykinin, histamine or substance P, observing the effects upon leucocytes migration, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) levels. RESULTS Passiflora edulis (250mg/kg) administered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.) inhibited the leukocyte, neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, TNFalpha and IL-1beta levels (P<0.01) in the pleurisy induced by carrageenan. Passiflora edulis (250-500mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited total and differential leukocytes in the pleurisy induced by bradykinin, histamine or substance P (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Several mechanisms, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-1beta), enzyme (myeloperoxidase) and mediators (bradykinin, histamine, substance P, nitric oxide) release and/or action, appear to account for Passiflora edulis's actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Montanher
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Benincá JP, Montanher AB, Zucolotto SM, Schenkel EP, Fröde TS. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Passiflora edulis. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Coleta M, Batista MT, Campos MG, Carvalho R, Cotrim MD, Lima TCMD, Cunha APD. Neuropharmacological evaluation of the putative anxiolytic effects ofPassiflora edulis Sims, its sub-fractions and flavonoid constituents. Phytother Res 2006; 20:1067-73. [PMID: 17009209 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Passiflora edulis Sims together with several other plants of the genus Passiflora have been reported to possess anxiolytic properties. It has been suggested recently that flavonoids may be partly responsible for the neuropharmacological activity of these plants but there are still few data reporting the relation between the constituents of these plants and their activity. This work evaluated the anxiolytic/sedative activity of an aqueous extract of Passiflora edulis Sims and bioguided its fractionation using the elevated plus-maze model of anxiety and other complementary pharmacological tests. The aqueous extract presented an anxiolytic-like activity without any significant effect upon the motor activity whilst the total flavonoid fraction (TFF) presented an anxiolytic-like activity but compromised motor activity. Through fractionation of TFF it was possible to isolate and characterize luteolin-7-O-[2-rhamnosylglucoside] which showed an anxiolytic-like activity without compromising motor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Coleta
- Center of Pharmaceutical Studies, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gomes CS, Campos ACL, Torres OJM, Vasconcelos PRLD, Moreira ATR, Tenório SB, Tâmbara EM, Sakata K, Moraes Júnior H, Ferrer ALS. Efeito do extrato de Passiflora edulis na cicatrização da parede abdominal de ratos: estudo morfológico e tensiométrico. Acta Cir Bras 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502006000800003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: O emprego de plantas no tratamento de diversas moléstias é costumeiro no Brasil. O maracujá (Passiflora edulis) é muito empregado em diversas afecções, freqüentemente sem comprovação científica. Foram descritas propriedades antiinflamatórias do extrato de Passiflora edulis, semelhantes às dos antiinflamatórios não esteroidais (AINE's). OBJETIVO: Avaliar morfológica e tensiometricamente o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico de Passiflora edulis no processo de cicatrização de laparotomias medianas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar, divididos em dois grupos de 20, foram submetidos à incisão e sutura da linha alba. Em 20 deles, grupo controle (GC), administrou-se solução salina na cavidade peritonial. Nos outros 20, grupo Passiflora (GP), administrou-se extrato de Passiflora edulis na cavidade peritonial, em dose única, isovolumétrica. O extrato foi obtido por extração alcoólica das folhas secas do maracujá. Os grupos controle e Passiflora foram subdivididos em dois, conforme o dia da morte: grupo controle três dias (C3), grupo controle sete dias (C7), grupo Passiflora três dias (P3) e grupo Passiflora sete dias (P7). Após a morte dos ratos, retirou-se espécimes da parede abdominal englobando a área operada. Os espécimes foram submetidos à avaliação macroscópica, histológica e tensiométrica. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação macroscópica, não houve diferença significante entre GC e GP. Na histológica, comparando-se C3 vs. P3, a variável inflamação aguda foi mais intensa no grupo C3, enquanto a colagenização e a neoformação capilar apresentaram diferenças significantes (0,001 e 0,001, respectivamente), em favor de P3. Entre C7 vs. P7, as variáveis inflamação aguda, inflamação crônica e neoformação capilar também apresentaram diferenças significantes (p=0,002; 0,006 e 0,001, respectivamente). Na avaliação tensiométrica, a carga máxima de ruptura (Cmáx) do sétimo dia foi maior no grupo Passiflora em relação ao grupo controle (6,91 ± 1,36 vs. 5,05 ± 1,63, p=0,013). A deformação máxima de ruptura (Dmáx) do sétimo dia também foi maior no grupo Passiflora em relação ao grupo controle (36,49 ± 4,61 vs. 26,19 ± 5,74, p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O extrato de Passiflora edulis melhora a cicatrização de laparotomias medianas em ratos, nos aspectos histológico e tensiométrico.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
A number of medicinal plants are traditionally endowed with anxiolytic or sedative properties and, in the context of this revue, both indications are considered since the former may induce a mood conducive to the latter. For any sleep-inducing drug to be effective, a tranquil ambience needs to be established a priori. Thus, physical ailments (i.e. pain), factors interfering with sleep (i.e. noise), psychological conditions causing stress, psychiatric illnesses (i.e. depression) and other drugs that interfere with sleep (i.e. caffeine) need to be controlled, if possible. Kava-kava is a well-established hypnotic drug, with a rapid onset of effect, adequate duration of action and minimal morning after-effects. However, reports of serious hepatotoxicity with this preparation have led to it being banned in most countries worldwide. On the other hand, side-effects with valerian would appear to be bland indeed. However, it's slow onset of effect (2-3 weeks) renders it unsuitable for short-term use (i.e. 'jet-lag'), but it does have profound beneficial effects on sleep architecture (augments deep sleep) that may make it particularly suitable for long-term use and for the elderly. In a personal trial (not double-blind) in stress-induced insomnia, both kava and valerian improved sleep and the ill-effects of stress, and the combination of the two was even more effective for the control of insomnia. Aromatherapy (lavender, chamomile, Ylang-Ylang) would appear to improve sleep, but how practical a form of treatment this may be remains to be determined. The only other plant drug that may have some effect on sleep is melissa, but reports are too scanty to form any opinion about this. Based on animal experiments, passion flower (passiflora) may have a sedative action, but the sedative action of hops has not been investigated in any detail. In conclusion, there is a need for longer-term controlled studies with some of these compounds (particularly valerian). Aromatherapy constitutes a tantalising possibility. In the interpretation of this review, it should be borne in mind that the evidence on which it is based is often incomplete or missing, but that is all that is available. Consequently some conjecture on the part of the author is inevitable and should be appreciated as such.
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Yarnell
- Botanical Medicine Academy, Vashon, Washington
- Bastyr University, Kenmore, WA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dhawan K, Dhawan S, Sharma A. Passiflora: a review update. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2004; 94:1-23. [PMID: 15261959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2002] [Revised: 02/12/2004] [Accepted: 02/23/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the morphology, microscopy, traditional and folklore uses, phyto-constituents, pharmacological reports, clinical applications and toxicological reports of the prominent species of the genus Passiflora. Flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, phenolic compounds and volatile constituents have been reported as the major phyto-constituents of the Passiflora species. A few species of Passiflora have been used for curing various ailments, the most important being Passiflora incarnata Linneaus which possesses significant CNS depressant properties. The studies performed by the authors with the newly isolated benzoflavone (BZF) moiety from P. incarnata have been discussed. In the concluding part, various virgin areas of research on the species of this genus have been highlighted with a view to explore, isolate and identify the medicinally important phyto-constituents which could be utilized to alleviate various diseases affecting the mankind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep Dhawan
- Department of Drugs Control Administration, Government of Haryana State, Sector-6, Panchkula 134109, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Dhawan K, Kumar R, Kumar S, Sharma A. Correct Identification of Passiflora incarnata Linn., a Promising Herbal Anxiolytic and Sedative. J Med Food 2003; 4:137-144. [PMID: 12639407 DOI: 10.1089/109662001753165710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Passiflora incarnata Linn. and Passiflora edulis Sims are the two important plants of the family Passifloraceae that have often been reported as synonymous because of their identical morphological and microscopic characteristics. P. incarnata is a popular sedative and anxiolytic, whereas, P. edulis is rarely reported to possess significant central nervous system depressant activity. P. edulis, as the name of the species reflects, is mainly grown for edible purposes. During a survey of literature on the genus Passiflora, it was noticed that in many references the two plants are mentioned synonymously. The designation by Sir William J. Hooker in 1843, followed by the citation of P. edulis as the synonym of P. incarnata in Index Kewensis of 1895, not only substantiated the controversial identity but also caused confusion to researchers. The prevailing confusion might have led to improper selection of the bioactive plant, thereby accounting for inconclusive and contradictory pharmacological reports on either of the two plants. In this work, we establish key identification parameters to differentiate P. incarnata from P. edulis. Various leaf constants such as vein-islet number, vein-termination number, stomatal number, and stomatal index are different for the two species. Physicochemical parameters such as ash values and extractive values and the thin layer chromatography profile of the petroleum ether extract of P. incarnata and P. edulis are also distinct and different. Various clinical uses of P. incarnata for anxiety and allied diseases are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep Dhawan
- Pharmacognosy Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gyllenhaal C, Merritt SL, Peterson SD, Block KI, Gochenour T. Efficacy and safety of herbal stimulants and sedatives in sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2000; 4:229-251. [PMID: 12531167 DOI: 10.1053/smrv.1999.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
World-wide use of herbal medicines is increasing, following regulatory and manufacturing developments. Herbs are attractive alternative medications to many patients with sleep disorders, who may be averse to using conventional drugs. We review here the most common herbal stimulants and sedatives. Caffeine, in herbal teas, black tea, coffee, soft drinks and pharmaceuticals, is used widely to control sleepiness, but more research is needed on its use in sleep disorders. Ephedra, and its constituent ephedrine, are used in both stimulant and weight loss preparations, sometimes with caffeine; safety concerns have arisen with this practice. Yohimbe is another herb used in stimulant and body-building preparations which has safety concerns. Asian and Siberian ginseng have been traditionally used for fatigue, and have some supportive experimental evidence for this use. Herbal sedatives also have some evidence for efficacy; the observations that certain plant flavonoid compounds bind to benzodiazepine receptors adds interest to their use. Valerian and kava have received the most research attention; both have decreased sleep onset time and promoted deeper sleep in small studies, and kava also shows anxiolytic effects. German chamomile, lavender, hops, lemon balm and passionflower are reputed to be mild sedatives but need much more experimental examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gyllenhaal
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
POSTER COMMUNICATIONS. Br J Pharmacol 1995. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|