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Antimicrobial Activities of Saponaria cypria Boiss. Root Extracts, and the Identification of Nine Saponins and Six Phenolic Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185812. [PMID: 36144548 PMCID: PMC9505039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the chemical components in root extracts of Saponaria cypria, an endemic species of Cyprus. Subsequently, the synergistic bioactivity of its root extracts through different extraction procedures was also investigated for the first time. A total of nine saponins, along with six phenolic compounds, were identified and quantified using the UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS method. Additionally, S. cypria root extracts demonstrated antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella enteritidis. S. aureus presented the highest susceptibility among all bacteria tested. These findings provide the first phytochemical data regarding the saponin, phenolic content and antimicrobial activity of S. cypria extracts, indicating that the Cyprus saponaria species is a rich natural source for bioactive compounds with a potentially wider bioactivity spectrum.
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Pretreatment of buckwheat globulin by ultra-high pressure: Effects on enzymatic hydrolysis and final hydrolysate lipid metabolism regulation capacities. Food Chem 2022; 379:132102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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New Insights into the Antioxidant Compounds of Achenes and Sprouted Buckwheat Cultivated in the Republic of Moldova. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that both Fagopyrum esculentum species, buckwheat achenes and buckwheat germs, contain flavonoids, and that they can be considered functional foods. In the present study we have analyzed the total content of polyphenols (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC), as well as the antioxidant activity of buckwheat ahcenes originating from the Balti region, Republic of Moldova, and also of the buckwheat sprouts over seven days of germination. The content of phytochemicals in achenes and germinated buckwheat after three and seven days was determined by HPLC–MS analysis. Using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, we recorded an increase in TPC of 360%, and of 436% in TFC after seven days of buckwheat ahcene germination. We aimed to investigate the free radical scavenging properties of methanolic extracts from ahcenes and sprouted buckwheat. We identified and quantified flavonoids and lignans such as rutin, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, quercetin, quercitrin, isorhamnetin, lutein, apigenin, catechins, coumestrol—which have countless beneficial effects on human health—using HPLC–MS. FTIR analysis also revealed the accumulation of phenolic compounds during germination. This is the first study on the identification and quantification of phytochemicals from buckwheat achenes and sprouts from the Balti region of the Republic of Moldova.
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Anand M, Basavaraju R. A review on phytochemistry and pharmacological uses of Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113270. [PMID: 32822823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae) is an attractive evergreen plant known as kusi urakame, koyawari, Palo amarillo, tronadora, yellow-elder, yellow trumpet bush, trumpet-flower, yellow-bells, trumpet bush, ginger-Thomas, esperanza, and timboco. It is widely used in traditional Mexican medicine, to treat hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders, jaundice, toothaches, headaches, colds, skin infections, and scorpion, snake, and rat bites. Current research focusses on evaluating its bioactive components and therapeutic potential. AIM OF THE STUDY The current article reviewed the information available on Tecoma stans ethnopharmacology, geographical distribution, chemical composition, phytochemistry, therapeutic effects, and toxicology. MATERIAL AND METHODS Information of botanical description, distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, bioactive components, and therapeutic investigations was gathered from a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley, ACS, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS until 2020 for publications (peer-reviewed articles, eBooks, short communications, reports from international organizations, and case letters). Information was also included from books, conference proceedings, and thesis. Primary keywords for data collection were "Tecoma stans," and "Ethnopharmacology," followed by secondary keywords such as "Constituents," "Therapeutic effect," and "Toxicity." RESULTS An exhaustive comparative study of the accessible sources of Tecoma stans confirmed its origin, ethnopharmacological and therapeutic uses. More than 120 chemical compounds have been isolated, and the main active principles are alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and fatty acids. The plant possesses vast therapeutic benefits, such as lowering elevated blood sugar levels, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and wound healing actions. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive literature analysis exhibits that many populations have utilized Tecoma stans around the globe with specific reference to different parts of Mexico. The above information shows that the plant holds many hidden potentials and can, therefore, be studied extensively for its phytoconstituents and therapeutic effects. However, while going through the literature, it was observed that incomplete data is reported on in vivo trials, especially concerning its dosage, positive and negative control groups, intervention time, and toxicity studies. Additionally, there is a lack of information on its complete nutritional and phytochemical profiling. We trust that this review will help lay the groundwork for encouraging pharmacological and pharmaceutical studies. It will also direct us to understand the clinical relevance and applications of bioactive compounds from Tecoma stans in the prevention and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Anand
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prashanthi Nilayam, 515134, Dist. Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - R Basavaraju
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prashanthi Nilayam, 515134, Dist. Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Yilmaz HÖ, Ayhan NY, Meriç ÇS. Buckwheat: A Useful Food and Its Effects on Human Health. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401314666180910140021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
:
Buckwheat is a plant used for many purposes, such as consumed as a food and used in the
treatment of diseases. It is a good source of many vitamins and minerals and has balanced nutritional
value. Because of its nutrient content and many positive effects on human health, buckwheat has become
a functional food, recently. Main effects of buckwheat on human health are its hypotensive,
hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Thus, it is considered
an alternative food component in dietary treatment for chronic and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes,
hypertension and celiac disease. Also, its rich nutrient content supports daily diet and provides a
better eating profile. As a result, buckwheat is accepted as a functional food, suggested to improve
human health and is used in the treatment of diseases. The aim of this review is to explain some positive
effects of buckwheat on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacı Ömer Yilmaz
- Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Gumushane University, Gumushane, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan
- Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Salih Meriç
- Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abualhasan M, Assali M, Jaradat N, Sarhan T. Synthesis, Formulation and Analytical Method Validation of Rutin Derivative. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666181108114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
In this study; we aimed to increase water solubility and formula dissolution
through synthesizing more soluble chemical derivative of rutin
Objective:
The synthesized rutin derivative is novel and shows an improvement in solubility and
hence possibly a better oral bioavailability. The steps followed in this study are of major benefit
which can be utilized by herbal and pharmaceutical industries to improve their products.
Methods:
In this study, a selective partial acetylation was performed to produce a hexaacetylated
ester of rutin. Water solubility of the synthesized hexaacetylated ester of rutin and its dissolution
were tested and compared to the original rutin. A simple UV/Vis spectrophotometric method was
developed and validated.
Results:
Water solubility and dissolution profile of hexaacetylated ester derivative of rutin were
increased by approximately two folds compared to that of the original rutin. The antioxidant activity
of the synthesized derivative was comparable to original rutin. The developed analytical method was
found to be linear, accurate, precise, robust and capable of quantifying the active ingredient at low
concentration (0.0259 mg/ml).
Conclusion:
An improvement in the solubility of rutin was achieved. The tablet formulation of the
partially acetylated ester derivative of rutin gives a better dissolution over the marketed rutin tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Abualhasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Mohyeddin Assali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Tala Sarhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
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Shaw HM, Wu JL, Wang MS. Antihypertensive effects of Ocimum gratissimum extract: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in vitro and in vivo investigation. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Park CH, Yeo HJ, Park YJ, Morgan AMA, Valan Arasu M, Al-Dhabi NA, Park SU. Influence of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Gibberellic Acid on Phenylpropanoid Accumulation in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Sprouts. Molecules 2017; 22:E374. [PMID: 28264513 PMCID: PMC6155264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of natural plant hormones, indole-3-acetic (IAA) acid and gibberellic acid (GA), on the growth parameters and production of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in common buckwheat sprouts. A total of 17 phenolic compounds were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Among these, seven compounds (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, rutin, and quercetin) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after treating the common buckwheat sprouts with different concentrations of the hormones IAA and GA. At a concentration of 0.5 mg/L, both IAA and GA exhibited the highest levels of growth parameters (shoot length, root length, and fresh weight). The HPLC analysis showed that the treatment of sprouts with IAA at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L produced higher or comparable levels of the total phenolic compounds than the control sprout and enhanced the production of rutin. Similarly, the supplementation with 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L GA increased the content of rutin in buckwheat sprouts. Our results suggested that the treatment with optimal concentrations of IAA and GA enhanced the growth parameters and accumulation of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in buckwheat sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ha Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Yun Ji Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Abubaker M A Morgan
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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Rice Germosprout Extract Protects Erythrocytes from Hemolysis and the Aorta, Brain, Heart, and Liver Tissues from Oxidative Stress In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9587020. [PMID: 27413391 PMCID: PMC4927953 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9587020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Identifying dietary alternatives for artificial antioxidants capable of boosting antihemolytic and antioxidative defense has been an important endeavor in improving human health. In the present study, we studied antihemolytic and antioxidative effects of germosprout (i.e., the germ part along with sprouted stems plus roots) extract prepared from the pregerminated rice. The extract contained considerable amounts of antioxidant β-carotene (414 ± 12 ng/g of extract) and phytochemicals such as total polyphenols (12.0 ± 1.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract) and flavonoids (11.0 ± 1.4 mg catechin equivalent/g of extract). The antioxidant potential of the extract was assessed by its DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-) free radical scavenging activity where we observed that germosprout extract had considerable antioxidative potentials. To evaluate antihemolytic effect of the extract, freshly prepared erythrocytes were incubated with either peroxynitrite or Fenton's reagent in the absence or presence of the extract. We observed that erythrocytes pretreated with the extract exhibited reduced degree of in vitro hemolysis. To support the proposition that germosprout extract could act as a good antioxidative agent, we also induced in vitro oxidative stress in erythrocyte membranes and in the aorta, brain, heart, and liver tissue homogenates in the presence of the extract. As expected, germosprout extract decreased oxidative stress almost to the same extent as that of vitamin E, as measured by lipid peroxide levels, in all the mentioned tissues. We conclude that rice germosprout extract could be a good natural source of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress-induced hemolysis and damage of blood vessels and other tissues.
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Abstract
The contemporary scientific community has presently recognized flavonoids to be a unique class of therapeutic molecules due to their diverse therapeutic properties. Of these, rutin, also known as vitamin P or rutoside, has been explored for a number of pharmacological effects. Tea leaves, apples, and many more possess rutin as one of the active constituents. Today, rutin has been observed for its nutraceutical effect. The present review highlights current information and health-promoting effects of rutin. Along with this, safety pharmacology issues and SAR of the same have also been discussed.
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Abstract
AbstractBuckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, F. tataricum Gaertner) groats and flour have been established globally as nutritional foods because of their high levels of proteins, polyphenols and minerals. In some regions, buckwheat herb is used as a functional food. In the present study, reports of in vitro studies, preclinical and clinical trials dealing with the effect of buckwheat and its metabolites were reviewed. There are numerous reports of potential health benefits of consuming buckwheat, which may be in the form of food, dietary supplements, home remedies or possibly pharmaceutical drugs; however, adverse effects, including those resulting from contamination, must be considered. There are reports of antioxidative activity of buckwheat, which contains high levels of rutin and quercetin. On the other hand, both cytotoxic and antigenotoxic effects have been shown. Reduction of hyperlipidaemia, reduction of blood pressure and improved weight regulation have been suggested. Consuming buckwheat may have a beneficial effect on diabetes, since lower postprandial blood glucose and insulin response have been reported. In addition, buckwheat metabolites, such as rutin, may have intrinsic protective effects in preserving insulin signalling. Rutin has also been suggested to have potential therapeutic applications for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The literature indicates that buckwheat is safe to consume and may have various beneficial effects on human health.
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Peng LX, Zou L, Wang JB, Zhao JL, Xiang DB, Zhao G. Flavonoids, Antioxidant Activity and Aroma Compounds Analysis from Different Kinds of Tartary Buckwheat Tea. Indian J Pharm Sci 2016; 77:661-7. [PMID: 26997692 PMCID: PMC4778224 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.174972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The rutin, quercetin concentrations, antioxidant activity, and aroma compounds in different commercial tartary buckwheat tea were analyzed in our study. Results revealed that the materials and the processing protocol affected the chemical composition and activity of tartary buckwheat tea. Rutin and quercetin concentrations, antioxidant activity were significantly different in various kinds of tartary buckwheat tea, where the whole bran tea and the whole plant tea had the lower rutin, but higher quercetin concentrations and higher antioxidant activity. The whole embryo tea had the converse results. There was strong correlation between quercetin concentration and antioxidant activity (r>0.98, P<0.05). Meanwhile, Twenty eight different aroma compounds in tartary buckwheat tea were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Those compounds were mainly composed of pyrazine, aldehydes, fatty acids and ketones. The main type of aroma compounds in different tartary buckwheat tea were similar, but their relative contents were different. The implications to the quality control of buckwheat tea were extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L X Peng
- National Research and Development Center for Coarse Cereal Processing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610 106, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zou
- National Research and Development Center for Coarse Cereal Processing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610 106, People's Republic of China
| | - J B Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610 039, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Zhao
- National Research and Development Center for Coarse Cereal Processing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610 106, People's Republic of China
| | - D B Xiang
- National Research and Development Center for Coarse Cereal Processing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610 106, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhao
- National Research and Development Center for Coarse Cereal Processing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610 106, People's Republic of China
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Giménez-Bastida JA, Zieliński H. Buckwheat as a Functional Food and Its Effects on Health. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:7896-913. [PMID: 26270637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat (BW) is a gluten-free pseudocereal that belongs to the Polygonaceae family. BW grain is a highly nutritional food component that has been shown to provide a wide range of beneficial effects. Health benefits attributed to BW include plasma cholesterol level reduction, neuroprotection, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic effects, and improvement of hypertension conditions. In addition, BW has been reported to possess prebiotic and antioxidant activities. In vitro and animal studies suggest that BW's bioactive compounds, such as D-chiro-inositol (DCI), BW proteins (BWP), and BW flavonoids (mainly rutin and quercetin) may be partially responsible for the observed effects. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent research regarding the health benefits of BW, in vitro and in vivo, focusing on the specific role of its bioactive compounds and on the mechanisms by which these effects are exerted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences , Tuwima 10, P.O. Box 55, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Henryk Zieliński
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences , Tuwima 10, P.O. Box 55, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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Peng LX, Zou L, Su YM, Fan Y, Zhao G. Effects of light on growth, levels of anthocyanin, concentration of metabolites inFagopyrum tataricumsprout cultures. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Xin Peng
- College of Biotechnology Industries; Chengdu University; Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Liang Zou
- College of Biotechnology Industries; Chengdu University; Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Yan-Mei Su
- College of Biotechnology Industries; Chengdu University; Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Yi Fan
- College of Biotechnology Industries; Chengdu University; Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Gang Zhao
- College of Biotechnology Industries; Chengdu University; Chengdu 610106 China
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Merendino N, Molinari R, Costantini L, Mazzucato A, Pucci A, Bonafaccia F, Esti M, Ceccantoni B, Papeschi C, Bonafaccia G. A new "functional" pasta containing tartary buckwheat sprouts as an ingredient improves the oxidative status and normalizes some blood pressure parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Funct 2014; 5:1017-26. [PMID: 24658587 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60683j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that some foods, particularly those rich in (poly)phenols, may reduce cardiovascular risk and metabolic disorders such as hypertension. Buckwheat sprouts have been suggested as a new raw material for the production of functional foods due to their high content of healthy compounds such as rutin and quercetin. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the biological hypotensive and antioxidant responses of pasta containing tartary buckwheat sprouts (TBSP) on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In this study, dry tartary buckwheat sprouts were milled to obtain a powder that was used in the production of pasta containing 30% dry buckwheat sprouts and 70% durum wheat semolina. Afterwards, we analyzed the in vitro TBSP features compared with the control (durum wheat flour pasta, DWFP), and the in vivo effects of TBSP on SHR and their normotensive counterpart, Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY rats). The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were higher in TBSP compared to DWFP. The results showed that SHR fed TBSP exhibited higher plasma levels of the endogenous vasodilators bradykinin (BK) and nitric oxide (NO), a lower level of the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1), and an improved antioxidant capacity. These data suggest that TBSP may help reduce hypertension and oxidative stress in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Merendino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università snc, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
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Viskupicova J, Majekova M, Horakova L. Inhibition of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA1) by rutin derivatives. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2014; 36:183-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-014-9402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Antiartherosclerotic effects of plant flavonoids. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:480258. [PMID: 24971331 PMCID: PMC4058282 DOI: 10.1155/2014/480258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the process of hardening and narrowing the arteries. Atherosclerosis is generally associated with cardiovascular diseases such as strokes, heart attacks, and peripheral vascular diseases. Since the usage of the synthetic drug, statins, leads to various side effects, the plants flavonoids with antiartherosclerotic activity gained much attention and were proven to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo based on different animal models. The flavonoids compounds also exhibit lipid lowering effects and anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic properties. The future development of flavonoids-based drugs is believed to provide significant effects on atherosclerosis and its related diseases. This paper discusses the antiatherosclerotic effects of selected plant flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, rutin, naringenin, catechin, fisetin, and gossypetin.
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Peng LX, Zou L, Zhao JL, Xiang DB, Zhu P, Zhao G. Response surface modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of three flavonoids from tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). Pharmacogn Mag 2013; 9:210-5. [PMID: 23930003 PMCID: PMC3732422 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.113266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp., Polygonaceae) is a widely planted food crop. Flavonoids, including quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol, are the main bioactive components in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn). From the nutriological and pharmacological perspectives, flavonoids have great value in controlling blood glucose and blood pressure levels, and they also have antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE To optimize the conditions for extraction of quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol from F. tataricum. MATERIALS AND METHODS A combination of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and response surface methodology (RSM) was used for flavonoid extraction and yield assessment. The RSM was based on a three-level, three-variable Box-Behnken design. RESULTS Flavonoids were optimally extracted from F. tataricum by using 72% methanol, at 60°C, for 21 minutes. Under these conditions, the obtained extraction yield of the total flavonoids was 3.94%. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the UAE method was effective for extraction of flavonoids from tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Xin Peng
- College of Biotechnology Industry, Chengdu University, Chengluo Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
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Koyama M, Naramoto K, Nakajima T, Aoyama T, Watanabe M, Nakamura K. Purification and identification of antihypertensive peptides from fermented buckwheat sprouts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3013-3021. [PMID: 23432021 DOI: 10.1021/jf305157y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is rich in antihypertensive compounds. This study investigated the effect of lactic-fermented buckwheat sprouts (neo-FBS) on level, identification, and potency of blood pressure-lowering (BPL) compounds. A single oral dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight buckwheat sprouts (BS) in spontaneously hypertensive rats did not show significant BPL activity, whereas neo-FBS significantly decreased blood pressure. HPLC of neo-FBS identified two peaks absent in the profile of BS. The peak exhibiting potent BPL activity was fractionated, and six peptides (DVWY, FDART, FQ, VAE, VVG, and WTFR) and tyrosine were identified by LC-MS/MS and Edman degradation. Single oral dose administration of the peptides revealed significant BPL effect of all the peptides, with the most potent being DVWY, FQ, and VVG. DVWY, VAE, and WTFR are novel. This study demonstrates that lactic fermentation of BS produces new, highly potent antihypertensive peptides and increases active compounds GABA and tyrosine already present in BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Koyama
- Department of Bioscience and Food Production Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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Peng LX, Wang JB, Hu LX, Zhao JL, Xiang DB, Zou L, Zhao G. Rapid and simple method for the determination of emodin in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:854-857. [PMID: 23305287 DOI: 10.1021/jf304804c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid method for determining emodin, an active factor presented in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) has been developed. Emodin was separated from an extract of buckwheat on a Kromasil-ODS C(18) (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm) column. The separation is achieved within 15 min on the ODS column. Emodin can be quantified using an external standard method detecting at 436 nm. Good linearity is obtained with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9992. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification are 5.7 and 19 μg/L, respectively. This method shows good reproducibility for the quantification of the emodin with a relative standard deviation value of 4.3%. Under optimized extraction conditions, the recovery of emodin was calculated as >90%. The validated method is successfully applied to quantify the emodin in tartary buckwheat and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Xin Peng
- College of Biotechnology Industries, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, People's Republic of China
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Blood-pressure-lowering effect of fermented buckwheat sprouts in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Danihelová M, Šturdík E. NUTRITIONAL AND HEALTH BENEFITS OF BUCKWHEAT. POTRAVINARSTVO 2012. [DOI: 10.5219/206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Peng CC, Hsieh CL, Ker YB, Wang HY, Chen KC, Peng RY. Selected nutraceutic screening by therapeutic effects on doxorubicin-induced chronic kidney disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1541-58. [PMID: 22945467 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing. Interventions such as controlling hypertension and specific pharmacologic options are recommended. Some nutraceutics may have benefits in this regard. METHODS AND RESULTS Naringenin (a flavanon), catechin (a flavanol), and quercetin (a flavonol) and rutin (a flavonol rutinoside) were tried on CKD in a Sprague Dawley rat model. Results indicated quercetin to be the most effective therapeutic candidate with respect to renal edema, hypertension, serum creatinine, hematocrit, cardiopathy, aorta calcification, glomerular amyloidosis, erythrocyte depletion in bone marrow, collagen deposition, expressions of TNF-α, cleaved caspase-3, IκBα, PPARα, and serum insulin. But quercetin was only partially effective in restoring glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase; urinary BUN and urinary creatinine. As for signaling, quercetin was completely effective in alleviating the cleaved caspase-3, being only partially effective in suppressing Bax and Bad, restoring Bcl-2, and rescuing DNA damage. CONCLUSION The CKD status cannot to be ameliorated by naringenin, rutin, and catechin. Comparatively, quercetin may be a better therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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