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Liu C, Song X, Li Y, Ding C, Li X, Dan L, Xu H, Zhang D. A Comprehensive Review on the Chemical Composition, Pharmacology and Clinical Applications of Ganoderma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:1983-2040. [PMID: 37903715 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma is the dried fruiting bodiy of Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang, belonging to the family Polyporaceae, which grows mainly in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Ganoderma has been used in China for more than 2000 years because of its medicinal properties, such as relieving cough and asthma, providing nourishment, and strengthening. Currently, more than 470 natural compounds have been obtained from the fungus, mainly including terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, and other types of compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Ganoderma has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and immunomodulatory effects. It is mainly used in clinical practice for the treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy and malignant tumors, with few side effects and high safety. This paper reviews the progress of research on its chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications, with the goal of providing a basis for the better development and utilization of Ganoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Linwei Dan
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, P. R. China
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Ye T, Ge Y, Jiang X, Song H, Peng C, Liu B. A review of anti-tumour effects of Ganoderma lucidum in gastrointestinal cancer. Chin Med 2023; 18:107. [PMID: 37641070 PMCID: PMC10463474 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is the most common cancer in the world and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. Clinically, surgical excision and chemotherapy are the main treatment methods for GI cancer, which is unfortunately accompanied with serious adverse reactions and drug toxicity, bringing irreversible damage to patients and seriously affecting the quality of life. Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has a long history of medicinal and edible use in China. Its bioactive compounds mainly include polysaccharides, triterpenes, and proteins, which have potential anti-tumor activities by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and regulating autophagy. Currently, there is no in-depth review on the anti-tumor effect of G. lucidum in GI cancer. Therefore, this review is an attempt to compile the basic characteristics, anti-GI caner mechanisms, and clinical application of G. lucidum, aiming to provide a reference for further research on the role of G. lucidum in the prevention and treatment of GI cancer from the perspective of traditional Chinese and western medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yang Ge
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- Department of Technology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China.
| | - Can Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
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Zheng C, Rangsinth P, Shiu PHT, Wang W, Li R, Li J, Kwan YW, Leung GPH. A Review on the Sources, Structures, and Pharmacological Activities of Lucidenic Acids. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041756. [PMID: 36838743 PMCID: PMC9962123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum has long been used as a multi-purpose plant and functional food. The pharmacological properties of G. lucidum are primarily attributed to its polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Ganoderic and lucidenic acids are the two major triterpenoids groups in G. lucidum. Despite the discovery of 22 types of lucidenic acids, research on lucidenic acids is significantly less extensive compared to that on ganoderic acid. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, in this review, we aimed to summarize the sources, contents, chemical structures, and pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, neuroprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, and anti-diabetic properties, of lucidenic acids. Studies on lucidenic acids are still preliminary and have several limitations. Therefore, more in-depth studies with optimal designs are essential for the development of lucidenic acids as medicines, functional foods, and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Panthakarn Rangsinth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Polly H. T. Shiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu-Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George P. H. Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhabinskii VN, Drasar P, Khripach VA. Structure and Biological Activity of Ergostane-Type Steroids from Fungi. Molecules 2022; 27:2103. [PMID: 35408501 PMCID: PMC9000798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are known not only for their taste but also for beneficial effects on health attributed to plethora of constituents. All mushrooms belong to the kingdom of fungi, which also includes yeasts and molds. Each year, hundreds of new metabolites of the main fungal sterol, ergosterol, are isolated from fungal sources. As a rule, further testing is carried out for their biological effects, and many of the isolated compounds exhibit one or another activity. This study aims to review recent literature (mainly over the past 10 years, selected older works are discussed for consistency purposes) on the structures and bioactivities of fungal metabolites of ergosterol. The review is not exhaustive in its coverage of structures found in fungi. Rather, it focuses solely on discussing compounds that have shown some biological activity with potential pharmacological utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Zhabinskii
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Pavel Drasar
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimir A. Khripach
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
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Ngoc Tuan N, Kuo PC, Trung Hieu T, Tuong Vi LN, Tong Hung Q, Dunge LT, Duy Trinh N, Quang Trung N, Cuu Khoa N, Viet Hai H, Thang TD. A new triterpenoid and other compounds from lichens Cryptothecia faveomaculata Makhija & Patw. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1349-1356. [PMID: 31373230 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1648466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ten compounds (1-10) were purified from the extract of lichens C. faveomaculata, and among these one new triterpenoid, cryptothecin A (1) was characterized through mass spectrometric and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. Some of the isolated compounds were assessed for their antimicrobial (1, 6, and 8) and cytotoxic activity (1, 4-5, and 7-9), but only weak inhibitory effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ngoc Tuan
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.,Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tran Trung Hieu
- School of Natural Sciences Education, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Nguyen Tuong Vi
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quach Tong Hung
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Duy Trinh
- NTT Institute of High Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Cuu Khoa
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ha Viet Hai
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dinh Thang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
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Hung DX, Kuo PC, Tuan NN, Van Trung H, Tan Thanh N, Thi Ha N, Long Giang B, Quang Trung N, Thi Ngan N, Hai HV, Lan Phuong D, Quang DN, Thang TD. Triterpenoids and steroids from the fruiting bodies of Hexagonia tenuis and their cytotoxicity. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:251-256. [PMID: 31180241 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1624963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
One new triterpenoid, hexagonin F (1) was characterized from the fruiting bodies of Hexagonia tenuis with the assistance of spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical methods. In addition, two triterpenoids and two steroids were also identified by comparison of their physical and spectroscopic data with those reported. The purified compounds were examined for their cytotoxicity against five tumor cell lines, however, only weak cytotoxicity was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Xuan Hung
- School of Natural Sciences Education, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Tuan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Van Trung
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tan Thanh
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Ha
- School of Natural Sciences Education, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Bach Long Giang
- NTT Institute of High Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Ngan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ha Viet Hai
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Doan Lan Phuong
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Ngoc Quang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dinh Thang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
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Trung HV, Kuo PC, Tuan NN, Ngan NT, Trung NQ, Thanh NT, Hai HV, Phuong DL, Giang BL, Li YC, Wu TS, Thang TD. Characterization of Cytochalasins and Steroids From the Ascomycete Daldinia concentrica and Their Cytotoxicity. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19846320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One new cytochalasin daldinin (1), 2 known cytochalasins 2 and 3, along with 2 steroids 4 and 5, were characterized from the methanol extracts of the fruiting bodies of Daldinia concentrica. The structure of new compound 1 was elucidated using a combination of 1- and 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analyses. In addition, the isolated compounds were examined for their cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines and the tested compounds demonstrated moderate-to-weak cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Van Trung
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Tuan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Ngan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Tan Thanh
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vietnam
| | - Ha Viet Hai
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Doan Lan Phuong
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bach Long Giang
- NTT Institute of High Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung
| | - Tran Dinh Thang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vietnam
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Le DD, Nguyen DH, Zhao BT, Kim JA, Kim SK, Min BS, Choi JS, Woo MH. 28-Noroleanane-derived spirocyclic triterpenoids and iridoid glucosides from the roots of Phlomoides umbrosa (Turcz.) Kamelin & Makhm with their cytotoxic effects. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 153:138-146. [PMID: 29929080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed 23,24-O-isopropylidene-19(18 → 17)-abeo-28-noroleanane-derived spirocyclic triterpenoids and an undescribed 28-noroleanane-derived spirocyclic triterpenoid, together with five known 28-noroleanane-derived spirocyclic triterpenoids, were isolated and identified. In addition, three undescribed iridoid glucosides and four known ones were also identified. All the isolates were identified using spectroscopic techniques, and the absolute configurations of 28-noroleanane-derived spirocyclic triterpenoids were determined by CD method for the first time. Additionally, the alkaline hydrolysis method and HPLC analysis were applied to confirm the moieties of the iridoid glucosides. The fraction and isolates were evaluated for cytotoxic activity on cervical cancer (Hela), human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Among them, phlomisu E possessed an aldehyde group showed the most potent cytotoxic effect with IC50 value less than 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Dat Le
- Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Hung Nguyen
- Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea; Phutho College of Pharmacy, Viettri City, Phutho Province, 290000, Viet Nam
| | - Bing Tian Zhao
- Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kyu Kim
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Woo
- Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea.
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Thanh NT, Tuan NN, Kuo PC, Dung DM, Phuong DL, Giang DTT, Wu TS, Thang TD. Chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Phellinus igniarius. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:2392-2397. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1413572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tan Thanh
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Tuan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Doan Manh Dung
- Hue University of Science – Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Doan Lan Phuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Viet Nam
| | | | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung Taiwan
| | - Tran Dinh Thang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City, Vietnam
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Tubulin polymerization-stimulating activity of Ganoderma triterpenoids. J Nat Med 2017; 71:457-462. [PMID: 28078535 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tubulin polymerization is an important target for anticancer therapies. Even though the potential of Ganoderma triterpenoids against various cancer targets had been well documented, studies on their tubulin polymerization-stimulating activity are scarce. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Ganoderma triterpenoids on tubulin polymerization. A total of twenty-four compounds were investigated using an in vitro tubulin polymerization assay. Results showed that most of the studied triterpenoids exhibited microtuble-stabilizing activity to different degrees. Among the investigated compounds, ganoderic acid T-Q, ganoderiol F, ganoderic acid S, ganodermanontriol and ganoderic acid TR were found to have the highest activities. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis was performed. Extensive investigation of the SAR suggests the favorable structural features for the tubulin polymerization-stimulating activity of lanostane triterpenes. These findings would be helpful for further studies on the potential mechanisms of the anticancer activity of Ganoderma triterpenoids and give some indications on the design of tubulin-targeting anticancer agents.
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Gomes DL, Telles CBS, Costa MSSP, Almeida-Lima J, Costa LS, Keesen TSL, Rocha HAO. Methanolic extracts from brown seaweeds Dictyota cilliolata and Dictyota menstrualis induce apoptosis in human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells. Molecules 2015; 20:6573-91. [PMID: 25871374 PMCID: PMC6272606 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the second most common female tumor worldwide, surpassed only by breast cancer. Natural products from seaweeds evidencing apoptotic activity have attracted a great deal of attention as new leads for alternative and complementary preventive or therapeutic anticancer agents. Here, methanol extracts from 13 species of tropical seaweeds (Rhodophytas, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta) collected from the Northeast of Brazil were assessed as apoptosis-inducing agents on human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa). All extracts showed different levels of cytotoxicity against HeLa cells; the most potent were obtained from the brown alga Dictyota cilliolata (MEDC) and Dictyota menstrualis (MEDM). In addition, MEDC and MEDM also inhibits SiHa (cervix carcinoma) cell proliferation. Studies with these two extracts using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy showed that HeLa cells exposed to MEDM and MEDC exhibit morphological and biochemical changes that characterize apoptosis as shown by loss of cell viability, chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization, and sub-G1 cell cycle phase accumulation, also MEDC induces cell cycle arrest in cell cycle phase S. Moreover, the activation of caspases 3 and 9 by these extracts suggests a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis route. However, other routes cannot be ruled out. Together, these results point out the methanol extracts of the brown algae D. mentrualis and D. cilliolata as potential sources of molecules with antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanne Lopes Gomes
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Programa dePós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Cinthia Beatrice Silva Telles
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Programa dePós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Santana Santos Pereira Costa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Intituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Macau, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59500-000, Brazil.
| | - Jailma Almeida-Lima
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Silva Costa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Intituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59200-000, Brazil.
| | - Tatjana Souza Lima Keesen
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa-PB 58051-900, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Programa dePós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
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Tran MH, Nguyen MTT, Nguyen HD, Nguyen TD, Phuong TT. Cytotoxic constituents from the seeds of Vietnamese Caesalpinia sappan. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1549-1554. [PMID: 25858626 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.986686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Caesalpinia sappan Linn. (Leguminosae) has been used in folk medicines for the treatment of many diseases. The heartwood of this plant contains various phenolic components with interesting biological applications; however, the chemical and biological potentials of the seed of this plant have not been fully explored. OBJECTIVE This study identified the cytotoxic activity of compounds from the seeds of C. sappan. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanol extract of the seed of C. sappan was suspended in H2O and then partitioned with CH2Cl2, EtOAc, and n-BuOH, successively. Diterpenoid compounds were isolated from the CH2Cl2-soluble fraction by silica gel column chromatography methods using organic solvents. The compound structures were determined by detailed analysis of NMR and MS spectral data. Cytotoxic activity was measured using a modified MTT assay against HL-60, HeLa, MCF-7, and LLC cancer cells. The activation of caspase-3 enzyme and western blotting assay were performed to confirm inhibitory mechanism of active compound. RESULTS Five cassane-type diterpenoids were isolated and identified as phanginin I (1), phaginin A (2), phanginin D (3), phanginin H (4), and phanginin J (5). Compounds 1-4 showed effective inhibition against HL-60 cells with the IC50 values of 16.4 ± 1.5, 19.2 ± 2.0, 11.7 ± 1.6, and 22.5 ± 5.1 μM. Compounds 1-3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with the IC50 values of 28.1 ± 3.6, 37.2 ± 3.4, and 22.7 ± 2.8 μM. Treatment of HL-60 cell lines with various concentrations of 3 (0-30 μM) resulted in the growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that compound 3 (phanginin D) is one of the main active components of the seed of C. sappan activating caspases-3 which contribute to apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh Hung Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University-HoChiMinh City , HoChiMinh City , Vietnam
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Hung TM, Dang NH, Dat NT. Methanol extract from Vietnamese Caesalpinia sappan induces apoptosis in HeLa cells. Biol Res 2014; 47:20. [PMID: 25028057 PMCID: PMC4101718 DOI: 10.1186/0717-6287-47-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of extracts from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood against multiple cancer cell lines using an MTT cell viability assay. The cell death though induction of apoptosis was as indicated by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 enzyme activation. Results A methanol extract from C. sappan (MECS) showed cytotoxic activity against several of the cancer cell lines. The most potent activity exhibited by the MECS was against HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 26.5 ± 3.2 μg/mL. Treatment of HeLa cells with various MECS concentrations resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis, as indicated by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 enzyme activation. Conclusion This study is the first report of the anticancer properties of the heartwood of C. sappan native to Vietnam. Our findings demonstrate that C. sappan heartwood may have beneficial applications in the field of anticancer drug discovery.
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Cytotoxic Activity of New Phenolic Compounds from VietnameseCaesalpinia sappan. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:2378-82. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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