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Saleh-E-In MM, Choi YE. Anethum sowa Roxb. ex fleming: A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:113967. [PMID: 33640440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anethum sowa Roxb. ex Fleming (Syn. Peucedanum sowa Roxb. ex Fleming, Family: Apiaceae) is a pharmacologically important as aromatic and medicinal plant. Various parts of this plant are used in traditional medicine systems for carminative, uterine and colic pain, digestion disorder, flatulence in babies, appetite-stimulating agent and used to treat mild flue and cough. The essential oil is used for aromatherapy. It is also used as a spice for food flavouring and culinary preparations in many Asian and European countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical assessment from the reported traditional and pharmaceutical uses and pharmacological activities of the extracts, essential oil and phytoconstituents with emphasis on its therapeutic potential as well as toxicological evaluation of A. sowa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Online search engines such as SciFinder®, GoogleScholar®, ResearchGate®, Web of Science®, Scopus®, PubMed and additional data from books, proceedings and local prints were searched using relevant keywords and terminologies related to A. sowa for critical analyses. RESULTS The literature studies demonstrated that A. sowa possesses several ethnopharmacological activities, including pharmaceutical prescriptions, traditional applications, and spice in food preparations. The phytochemical investigation conducted on crude extracts has been characterized and identified various classes of compounds, including coumarins, anthraquinone, terpenoids, alkaloid, benzodioxoles, phenolics, polyphenols, phenolic and polyphenols, fatty acids, phthalides and carotenoids. The extracts and compounds from the different parts of A. sowa showed diverse in vitro and in vivo biological activities including antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, Alzheimer associating neuromodulatory, cytotoxic, anticancer, antidiabetes, insecticidal and larvicidal. CONCLUSION A. sowa is a valuable medicinal plant which is especially used in food flavouring and culinary preparations. This review summarized the pertinent information on A. sowa and its traditional and culinary uses, as well as potential pharmacological properties of essential oils, extracts and isolated compounds. The traditional uses of A. sowa are supported by in vitro/vivo pharmacological studies; however, further investigation on A. sowa should be focused on isolation and identification of more active compounds and establish the links between the traditional uses and reported pharmacological activities with active compounds, as well as structure-activity relationship and in vivo mechanistic studies before integrated into the medicine. The toxicological report confirmed its safety. Nonetheless, pharmacokinetic evaluation tests to validate its bioavailability should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moshfekus Saleh-E-In
- Division of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Eui Choi
- Division of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Antituberculosis Drugs: A System Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9910365. [PMID: 34541000 PMCID: PMC8448615 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9910365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the chief components in the different oriental formulations in different traditional medical systems worldwide. As a thriving source of medicine, the medicinal plants with antituberculosis (TB) properties inspire the pharmacists to develop new drugs based on their active components or semimetabolites. In the present review, the anti-TB medicinal plants were screened from the scientific literatures, based on the botanical classification and the anti-TB activity. The obtained anti-TB medicinal plants were categorized into three different categories, viz., 159 plants critically examined with a total 335 isolated compounds, 131 plants with their crude extracts showing anti-TB activity, and 27 plants in literature with the prescribed formula by the traditional healers. Our systemic analysis on the medicinal plants can assist the discovery of novel and more efficacious anti-TB drugs.
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Porras G, Chassagne F, Lyles JT, Marquez L, Dettweiler M, Salam AM, Samarakoon T, Shabih S, Farrokhi DR, Quave CL. Ethnobotany and the Role of Plant Natural Products in Antibiotic Drug Discovery. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3495-3560. [PMID: 33164487 PMCID: PMC8183567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates creative and innovative approaches, from chemical identification and analysis to the assessment of bioactivity. Plant natural products (NPs) represent a promising source of antibacterial lead compounds that could help fill the drug discovery pipeline in response to the growing antibiotic resistance crisis. The major strength of plant NPs lies in their rich and unique chemodiversity, their worldwide distribution and ease of access, their various antibacterial modes of action, and the proven clinical effectiveness of plant extracts from which they are isolated. While many studies have tried to summarize NPs with antibacterial activities, a comprehensive review with rigorous selection criteria has never been performed. In this work, the literature from 2012 to 2019 was systematically reviewed to highlight plant-derived compounds with antibacterial activity by focusing on their growth inhibitory activity. A total of 459 compounds are included in this Review, of which 50.8% are phenolic derivatives, 26.6% are terpenoids, 5.7% are alkaloids, and 17% are classified as other metabolites. A selection of 183 compounds is further discussed regarding their antibacterial activity, biosynthesis, structure-activity relationship, mechanism of action, and potential as antibiotics. Emerging trends in the field of antibacterial drug discovery from plants are also discussed. This Review brings to the forefront key findings on the antibacterial potential of plant NPs for consideration in future antibiotic discovery and development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Porras
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - François Chassagne
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - James T. Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Lewis Marquez
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Micah Dettweiler
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Akram M. Salam
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tharanga Samarakoon
- Emory University Herbarium, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Rd NE, Room 102, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Sarah Shabih
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Darya Raschid Farrokhi
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Cassandra L. Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Emory University Herbarium, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Rd NE, Room 102, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Monsef Esfahani H, Moridi Farimani M, Nejad Ebrahimi S, Jung JH, Aliahmadi A, Abbas-Mohammadi M, Skropeta D, Kazemian H, Feizabadi M, Miran M. Antibacterial Components of Levisticum officinale Koch against Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used to evaluate the active constituents of the perennial plant L. officinale W.D.J. Koch (Apiaceae) against multidrug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: Column chromatography was used to isolation of compounds from L. officinale and spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance) and HRMS (high resolution mass spectrometry) were used to identification of the isolated compounds. Also, to evaluate antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by broth micro-dilution method. Finally, molecular docking (MD) was performed using the Schrödinger package to evaluate interactions between the active compounds and InhA protein. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of the plant roots led to isolation of bergapten (1), isogosferol (2), oxypeucedanin (3), oxypeucedanin hydrate (4), imperatorin (5), ferulic acid (6) and falcarindiol (7). Falcarindiol and oxypeucedanin indicated a moderate activity on MDR M. tuberculosis with MIC values of = 32 and 64 μg/mL, respectively. Antibacterial activity of falcarindiol was also observed against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains with the MIC values of 7.8 and 15.6 μg/mL, respectively. The results of docking analysis showed a good affinity of oxypeucedanin (3) and falcarindiol (7) to InhA enzyme with docking score values of -7.764 and -7.703 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: Finally, 7 compounds were isolated from L. officinale that compounds 2-6 report for the first time from this plant. On the basis of the molecular docking (MD) study, oxypeucedanin (3) and falcarindiol (7) as active compounds against M. tuberculosis may be proposed as potential inhibitors of 2-trans-enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA), a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall. Moreover, antibacterial activity of falcarindiol against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was remarkable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Monsef Esfahani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jee Hyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Atousa Aliahmadi
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abbas-Mohammadi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Hossein Kazemian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohammadmehdi Feizabadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Miran
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Miran M, Monsef Esfahani H, Jung JH, Aliahmadi A, Skropeta D, Abbas-Mohammadi M, Nejad Ebrahimi S, Moridi Farimani M. Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Phthalides from the Roots of the Medicinal Herb Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:182-186. [PMID: 33224223 PMCID: PMC7667549 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112583.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A new phthalide, namely 7-methoxy-3-propylidenephthalide (1), along with two known compounds (2, 3) were isolated from the roots of the edible herb Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch, commonly known as lovage and well known in traditional medicine for its spasmolytic and diuretic effects. The structure of the new compound was established by HRMS and 1D & 2D NMR (1H 1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) spectroscopic analysis. All compounds are reported for the first time from L. officinale. Compounds 1-3 were tested against two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus [VRE] faecium) bacteria strains. Compound 3 was active against S. aureus, E. coli and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium with MIC values of 16, 64, and 128 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Miran
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Monsef Esfahani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jee Hyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Atousa Aliahmadi
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Mahdi Abbas-Mohammadi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
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Maitra A, Munshi T, Healy J, Martin LT, Vollmer W, Keep NH, Bhakta S. Cell wall peptidoglycan in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An Achilles' heel for the TB-causing pathogen. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 43:548-575. [PMID: 31183501 PMCID: PMC6736417 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains one of the leading causes of mortality across the world. There is an urgent requirement to build a robust arsenal of effective antimicrobials, targeting novel molecular mechanisms to overcome the challenges posed by the increase of antibiotic resistance in TB. Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a unique cell envelope structure and composition, containing a peptidoglycan layer that is essential for maintaining cellular integrity and for virulence. The enzymes involved in the biosynthesis, degradation, remodelling and recycling of peptidoglycan have resurfaced as attractive targets for anti-infective drug discovery. Here, we review the importance of peptidoglycan, including the structure, function and regulation of key enzymes involved in its metabolism. We also discuss known inhibitors of ATP-dependent Mur ligases, and discuss the potential for the development of pan-enzyme inhibitors targeting multiple Mur ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Maitra
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Tulika Munshi
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Jess Healy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Liam T Martin
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Waldemar Vollmer
- The Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Nicholas H Keep
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
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Wisetsai A, Schevenels FT, Lekphrom R. Chemical constituents and their biological activities from the roots of diospyros filipendula. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2739-2743. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1656630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Awat Wisetsai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Florian T. Schevenels
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Ratsami Lekphrom
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Aro AO, Dzoyem JP, Awouafack MD, Selepe MA, Eloff JN, McGaw LJ. Fractions and isolated compounds from Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. stenocarpus (Rubiaceae) have promising antimycobacterial and intracellular activity. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:108. [PMID: 31117999 PMCID: PMC6532187 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is a deadly disease caused by Mycobacterium species. The use of medicinal plants is an ancient global practice for the treatment and prevention of diverse ailments including tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize antimycobacterial compounds by bioassay-guided fractionation of the acetone leaf extract of Oxyanthus speciosus. METHODS A two-fold serial microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against mycobacteria. Cytotoxicity and nitric oxide inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was determined to evaluate in vitro safety and potential anti-inflammatory activity. Intracellular efficacy of the crude extract against Mycobacterium-infected macrophages was also determined. RESULTS Two compounds were isolated and identified as lutein (1) and rotundic acid (2). These had good antimycobacterial activity against the four mycobacteria tested with MIC values ranging from 0.013 to 0.1 mg/mL. Rotundic acid had some cytotoxicity against C3A human liver cells. Lutein was not cytotoxic at the highest tested concentration (200 μg/mL) and inhibited nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages by 94% at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. The acetone crude extract (120 μg/mL) of O. speciosus had intracellular antimycobacterial activity, reducing colony forming units by more than 90%, displaying bactericidal efficacy in a dose and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION This study provides good proof of the presence of synergism between different compounds in extracts and fractions. It is also the first report of the antimycobacterial activity of lutein and rotundic acid isolated from Oxyanthus speciosus. The promising activity of the crude extract of O. speciosus both in vitro and intracellularly in an in vitro macrophage model suggests its potential for development as an anti- tuberculosis (TB) herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abimbola O. Aro
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
| | - Jean P. Dzoyem
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Maurice D. Awouafack
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.OBox 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Jacobus N. Eloff
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
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Isolation and in silico prediction of potential drug-like compounds from Anethum sowa L. root extracts targeted towards cancer therapy. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 78:242-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pannek J, Gach J, Boratyński F, Olejniczak T. Antimicrobial activity of extracts and phthalides occurring in Apiaceae plants. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1459-1487. [PMID: 29732627 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Apiaceae plants exhibit a broad spectrum of activities, for instance, antithrombotic, hypotensive, antioxidant, and insecticidal. They also provide a source of phthalides, which display antimicrobial activity. Considering the fact of rising resistance of both bacteria and fungi against commonly used antibiotics, developing of new naturally derived compounds is undeniably attractive approach. To our best knowledge, there are no other reviews concerning this subject in the literature. In view of above, an attempt to summarize an antimicrobial potential of isolated compounds and extracts from Apiaceae plants has been made, by specifying techniques of activity determination and methods of extraction. Techniques of antimicrobial activity evaluation are mainly based on bioautography, diffusion, and dilution methods. Therefore, we focused on in vitro data described in literature so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Pannek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Joanna Gach
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Filip Boratyński
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Teresa Olejniczak
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
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Phthalides: Distribution in Nature, Chemical Reactivity, Synthesis, and Biological Activity. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 104 2017; 104:127-246. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45618-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Danquah CA, Maitra A, Gibbons S, Faull J, Bhakta S. HT-SPOTi: A Rapid Drug Susceptibility Test (DST) to Evaluate Antibiotic Resistance Profiles and Novel Chemicals for Anti-Infective Drug Discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 40:17.8.1-17.8.12. [PMID: 26855282 DOI: 10.1002/9780471729259.mc1708s40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the major threats to global health and well-being. The past decade has seen an alarming rise in the evolution and spread of drug-resistant strains of pathogenic microbes. The emergence of extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and antimicrobial resistance among the ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) as well as fungal pathogens (such as certain species of Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and Trichophyton) poses a significant 21st century scientific challenge. With an extremely limited arsenal of efficacious antibiotics, techniques that can (a) identify novel antimicrobials and (b) detect antimicrobial resistance are becoming increasingly important. In this article, we illustrate the HT-SPOTi, an assay that is principally based on the growth of an organism on agar medium containing a range of different concentrations of drugs or inhibitors. The simple methodology makes this assay ideal for evaluating novel antimicrobial compounds as well as profiling an organism's antibiotic resistance profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Danquah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Research Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Arundhati Maitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Simon Gibbons
- Research Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Faull
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Maitra A, Danquah CA, Scotti F, Howard TK, Kamil TK, Bhakta S. Tackling tuberculosis: Insights from an international TB Summit in London. Virulence 2015; 6:661-72. [PMID: 26151309 PMCID: PMC4720247 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1060396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) poses a grave predicament to the world as it is not merely a scientific challenge but a socio-economic burden as well. A prime cause of mortality in human due to an infectious disease; the malady and its cause, Mycobacterium tuberculosis have remained an enigma with many questions that remain unanswered. The ability of the pathogen to survive and switch between varied physiological states necessitates a protracted therapeutic regimen that exerts an excessive strain on low-resource countries. To complicate things further, there has been a significant rise of antimicrobial resistance. Existing control measures, including treatment regimens have remained fairly uniform globally for at least half a century and require reinvention. Overcoming the societal and scientific challenges requires an increase in dialog to identify key regions that need attention and effective partners with whom successful collaborations can be fostered. In this report, we explore the discussions held at the International TB Summit 2015 hosted by EuroSciCon, which served as an excellent platform for researchers to share their recent findings. Ground-breaking results require outreach to affect policy design, governance and control of the disease. Hence, we feel it is important that meetings such as these reach a wider, global audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Maitra
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
| | - Cynthia A Danquah
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Scotti
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
| | - Tracey K Howard
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
| | - Tengku K Kamil
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- a Mycobacteria Research Laboratory ; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; Birkbeck ; University of London , Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX , United Kingdom
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Endothelium-Independent Vasorelaxant Effect of Ligusticum jeholense Root and Rhizoma on Rat Thoracic Aorta. Molecules 2015; 20:10721-33. [PMID: 26065836 PMCID: PMC6272402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligusticum jeholense has been used as the traditional medicine ‘Go-Bon’ (Chinese name, Gao-ben) in China and Korea. Considering the increased use of medicinal herbs to treat hypertension, in this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the vasorelaxation effect caused by L. jeholense. We tested the methanol (MeOH) extract of L. jeholense root and rhizoma for vasorelaxant effects; while using an isolated organ-chamber technique, L. jeholense extract (LJE) induced relaxation in the rat aortic rings by stimulating vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. LJE showed concentration-dependent relaxant effects on endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings pre-contracted with both phenylephrine (PE) and potassium chloride (KCl) in Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer. The vasorelaxant effect of LJE was partly attenuated by pre-treatment with glibenclamide or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) as K+ channel blockers. Moreover, LJE showed concentration-dependent inhibition of vasoconstriction by Ca2+ supplementation in the aortic rings that were pre-contracted with PE or KCl in Ca2+-free KH buffer. In addition, a combination of LJE and nifedipine, pre-incubated further, decreased PE-induced contractions. The results suggested that LJE-induced vasorelaxation were related to blocking K+ channels and inhibiting entry of extracellular Ca2+ via receptor-operative Ca2+ channels (ROCCs) or voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs).
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15
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Evangelopoulos D, McHugh TD. Improving the tuberculosis drug development pipeline. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:951-60. [PMID: 25772393 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is considered one of the most successful pathogens and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, a disease that urgently requires new chemical entities to be developed for treatment. There are currently several new molecules under clinical investigation in the tuberculosis (TB) drug development pipeline. However, the complex lifestyle of M. tuberculosis within the host presents a barrier to the development of new drugs. In this review, we highlight the reasons that make TB drug discovery and development challenging as well as providing solutions, future directions and alternative approaches to new therapeutics for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy D McHugh
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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16
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He WQ, Lv WS, Zhang Y, Qu Z, Wei RR, Zhang L, Liu CH, Zhou XX, Li WR, Huang XT, Wang Q. Study on Pharmacokinetics of Three Preparations from Levistolide A by LC–MS-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1265-73. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Guzman JD, Pesnot T, Barrera DA, Davies HM, McMahon E, Evangelopoulos D, Mortazavi PN, Munshi T, Maitra A, Lamming ED, Angell R, Gershater MC, Redmond JM, Needham D, Ward JM, Cuca LE, Hailes HC, Bhakta S. Tetrahydroisoquinolines affect the whole-cell phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting the ATP-dependent MurE ligase. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1691-703. [PMID: 25656411 PMCID: PMC4498294 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives (S)-Leucoxine, isolated from the Colombian Lauraceae tree Rhodostemonodaphne crenaticupula Madriñan, was found to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. A biomimetic approach for the chemical synthesis of a wide array of 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines was undertaken with the aim of elucidating a common pharmacophore for these compounds with novel mode(s) of anti-TB action. Methods Biomimetic Pictet–Spengler or Bischler–Napieralski synthetic routes were employed followed by an evaluation of the biological activity of the synthesized compounds. Results In this work, the synthesized tetrahydroisoquinolines were found to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and affect its whole-cell phenotype as well as the activity of the ATP-dependent MurE ligase, a key enzyme involved in the early stage of cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Conclusions As the correlation between the MIC and the half-inhibitory enzymatic concentration was not particularly strong, there is a credible possibility that these compounds have pleiotropic mechanism(s) of action in M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Guzman
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Thomas Pesnot
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Diana A Barrera
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Heledd M Davies
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Eleanor McMahon
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Dimitrios Evangelopoulos
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Parisa N Mortazavi
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Tulika Munshi
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Arundhati Maitra
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Eleanor D Lamming
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Richard Angell
- Drug Discovery Group, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Markus C Gershater
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Joanna M Redmond
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Deborah Needham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John M Ward
- Drug Discovery Group, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Luis E Cuca
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Helen C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
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18
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Liu X, Kunert O, Blunder M, Fakhrudin N, Noha SM, Malainer C, Schinkovitz A, Heiss EH, Atanasov AG, Kollroser M, Schuster D, Dirsch VM, Bauer R. Polyyne hybrid compounds from Notopterygium incisum with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonistic effects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2513-21. [PMID: 25333853 PMCID: PMC4251066 DOI: 10.1021/np500605v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the search for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) active constituents from the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum, 11 new polyacetylene derivatives (1-11) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESIMS as new polyyne hybrid molecules of falcarindiol with sesquiterpenoid or phenylpropanoid moieties, named notoethers A-H (1-8) and notoincisols A-C (9-11), respectively. Notoincisol B (10) and notoincisol C (11) represent two new carbon skeletons. When tested for PPARγ activation in a luciferase reporter assay with HEK-293 cells, notoethers A-C (1-3), notoincisol A (9), and notoincisol B (10) showed promising agonistic activity (EC50 values of 1.7 to 2.3 μM). In addition, notoincisol A (9) exhibited inhibitory activity on NO production of stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Olaf Kunert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Blunder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Stefan M. Noha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Malainer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schinkovitz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Manfred Kollroser
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Maitra A, Bhakta S. TB Summit 2014: prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis-a meeting report of a Euroscicon conference. Virulence 2014; 5:638-44. [PMID: 25003368 PMCID: PMC4105315 DOI: 10.4161/viru.29803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
World TB Day commemorates Dr Robert Koch’s first announcement on March 24, 1882, that the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Currently, the event comprises of several conferences, meetings and activities held all over the world with the singular intention of raising public awareness about the global health emergency.
In spite of having discovered the etiological agent of tuberculosis more than a century ago, a sizeable population still contract the disease every year and fall prey to it. In 2012, an estimated 8.6 million people developed the disease with 1.3 million succumbing to it. The number of TB deaths in children is unacceptably large, given that most are preventable. However, the challenge appears to be shifting toward attempts to control the rise and spread of the drug resistant variants of the microbe. To achieve this, a concerted effort from academia, clinical practice, and industry has been put forth.
The TB Summit 2014 attempted to raise awareness as well as bring together experts involved in different aspects of tuberculosis research to help establish a more collective approach to battle this age-old disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Maitra
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University of London; London, UK
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University of London; London, UK
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