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Giménez-Bastida JA, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Martínez-López A, García-Moreno D, Espín JC, González-Sarrías A. ( R, S)-Equol 7-β-D-glucuronide, but not other circulating isoflavone metabolites, modulates migration and tubulogenesis in human aortic endothelial cells targeting the VEGF pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:7387-7399. [PMID: 38078511 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03946c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Current knowledge indicates that the consumption of isoflavone-rich foodstuffs can have a beneficial impact on cardiovascular health. To what extent these isoflavones act as the main actors of that benefit is less clear. Genistein (GEN), daidzein (DAZ), and the DAZ-derived microbial metabolite equol (Eq) exhibit antiangiogenic effects in vitro, but their low bloodstream concentrations make it difficult to rationalize the in vivo effects. Their derived phase-II metabolites (glucuronides and sulfates) are major metabolites found in plasma, but their role as antiangiogenic molecules remains unexplored. We aimed here to first assess the anti-angiogenic activities of the main circulating isoflavone metabolites (glucuronides and sulfates) and compare them with their corresponding free forms at physiological concentrations (0.1-10 μM). The effects of the conjugated vs. free forms on tubulogenesis, cell migration, and VEGF-induced signalling were investigated in primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). While (R,S)-equol 7-β-D-glucuronide (Eq 7-glur) exerted dose-dependent inhibition of tubulogenesis and endothelial migration comparable to that exerted by the free forms (GEN, DAZ, and Eq), the rest of the phase-II conjugates exhibited no significant effects. The underlying molecular mechanisms were independent of the bFGF but related to the modulation of the VEGF pathway. Besides, the observed dissimilar cellular metabolism (conjugation/deconjugation) places the phase-II metabolites as precursors of the free forms; however, the question of whether this metabolism impacts their biological activity requires additional studies. These new insights suggest that isoflavones and their circulating metabolites, including Eq 7-glur, may be involved in cardiovascular health (e.g., targeting angiogenesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain.
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alicia Martínez-López
- Center for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases Network (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diana García-Moreno
- Center for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases Network (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain.
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2
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Koochakkhani S, Branco DSN, Alonso AV, Murugesan A, Sarkar P, Caires CJN, Devanesan S, AlSalhi MS, Candeias NR, Kandhavelu M. Novel tetrahydroquinoline derivatives induce ROS-mediated apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 200:106842. [PMID: 38936514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is not efficient due to its aggressive nature, tendency to infiltrate surrounding brain tissue, and chemotherapy resistance. Tetrahydroquinoline scaffolds are emerging as a new class of drug for treating many human cancers including GBM. This study investigates the cytotoxicity effect of eight novel derivatives of 2-((3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(aryl)methyl)phenol, containing substitute 1 with reduced dihydroquinoline fused with cyclohexene ring and substitute 2 with phenyl and methyl group. The 4-position of the aryl ring was determinant for the desired cytotoxicity, and out of the 8 synthesized compounds, the 4-trifluoromethyl substituted derivative (4ag) exhibited the most anti-GBM potential effect compared to the standard chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide (TMZ), with IC50 values of 38.3 μM and 40.6 μM in SNB19 and LN229 cell lines, respectively. Our results demonstrated that 4ag triggers apoptosis through the activation of Caspase-3/7. In addition, 4ag induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) which in turn elevated mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and causes the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψmt) in both GBM cells. This compound also exhibited anti-migratory properties over the time in both the cell lines. Overall, these findings suggest that tetrahydroquinoline derivative, 4ag could lead to the development of a new drug for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnaz Koochakkhani
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniela S N Branco
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anxo Vila Alonso
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Akshaya Murugesan
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland; Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai, India
| | - Puja Sarkar
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Carina J N Caires
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuno R Candeias
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu
- Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; BioMeditech and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University, Hospital, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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3
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Carvalho L, de Lima FP, Cerqueira M, Silva A, Pontes O, Oliveira-Pinto S, Guerreiro S, Costa MD, Granja S, Maciel P, Longatto-Filho A, Baltazar F, Proença F, Costa M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of novel chromeno[2,3- d]pyrimidinones as therapeutic agents for triple negative breast cancer. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1362-1380. [PMID: 38665823 PMCID: PMC11042168 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00682d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and the limited therapeutic options show poor efficacy in patients, associated to severe side effects and development of resistance. Considering that chromene-based scaffolds proved to be attractive candidates for cancer therapy, herein we prepared new chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone derivatives by a simple two step procedure, starting from the reaction of cyanoacetamide and a salicylaldehyde. A cell viability screening in several breast cancer cell lines allowed to identify two promising compounds with IC50 values in the low micromolar range for TNBC cells. These chromenes inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and triggered cell death through apoptosis. In vivo studies revealed a safe profile in invertebrate and vertebrate animal models and confirmed their capacity to inhibit tumor growth in the CAM model, inducing significant tumor regression after 4 days of treatment. The two compounds identified in this study are promising drug candidates for TNBC treatment and valuable hits for future optimization, using the versatile synthetic platform that was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | | | - Mónica Cerqueira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ana Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Olívia Pontes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Sofia Oliveira-Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Sara Guerreiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto 4200-072 Porto Portugal
| | - Marta D Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto 4200-072 Porto Portugal
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital São Paulo Brazil
- Medical Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Fernanda Proença
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Marta Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho Campus of Gualtar Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
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Wei Q, Zhang YH. Flavonoids with Anti-Angiogenesis Function in Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1570. [PMID: 38611849 PMCID: PMC11013936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, significantly impacts the development of multiple types of cancer. Consequently, researchers have focused on targeting this process to prevent and treat numerous disorders. However, most existing anti-angiogenic treatments rely on synthetic compounds and humanized monoclonal antibodies, often expensive or toxic, restricting patient access to these therapies. Hence, the pursuit of discovering new, affordable, less toxic, and efficient anti-angiogenic compounds is imperative. Numerous studies propose that natural plant-derived products exhibit these sought-after characteristics. The objective of this review is to delve into the anti-angiogenic properties exhibited by naturally derived flavonoids from plants, along with their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Additionally, we summarize the structure, classification, and the relationship between flavonoids with their signaling pathways in plants as anti-angiogenic agents, including main HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, JNK1/STAT3, and MAPK/AP-1 pathways. Nonetheless, further research and innovative approaches are required to enhance their bioavailability for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- School of Medicine, Anhui Xinhua University, 555 Wangjiang West Road, Hefei 230088, China;
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5
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Fatehi Y, Sahraei A, Mohammadi F. Myricetin and morin hydrate inhibit amyloid fibril formation of bovine α-lactalbumin (BLA). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127908. [PMID: 37939780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are self-assembled aggregates of proteins and peptides that can lead to a broad range of diseases called amyloidosis. So far, no definitive and approved treatment to target directly amyloid fibrils has been introduced. Nevertheless, the search for small molecules with ability to inhibit and suppress fibril formation is an active and promising area of the research. Herein, the binding interactions and inhibitory effects of myricetin and morin hydrate on the in vitro fibrillation of bovine α-lactalbumin (BLA) have been investigated. The intrinsic fluorescence of BLA was quenched by myricetin and morin hydrate through combination of the static and dynamic quenching along with non-radiative Förster energy transfer mechanisms. The binding of these two flavonoids to BLA were not accompanied by major alteration in the conformation of BLA as evidenced by CD studies. The results of the fluorescence quenching analyses indicated almost the same binding affinities of myricetin and morin hydrate toward BLA (Kb ~ 106 M-1). However, the results of thioflavin T (ThT) assays showed that myricetin is a stronger inhibitor against BLA fibrillation compared to morin hydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Fatehi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Amin Sahraei
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Fakhrossadat Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
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6
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Zhang L, Mohankumar K, Martin G, Mariyam F, Park Y, Han SJ, Safe S. Flavonoids Quercetin and Kaempferol Are NR4A1 Antagonists and Suppress Endometriosis in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad133. [PMID: 37652054 PMCID: PMC10502789 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) plays an important role in endometriosis progression; levels of NR4A1 in endometriotic lesions are higher than in normal endometrium, and substituted bis-indole analogs (NR4A1) antagonists suppress endometriosis progression in mice with endometriosis. In addition, the flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin are natural products that directly bind NR4A1 and significantly repress the intrinsic NR4A1-dependent transcriptional activity in human endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells and Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. NR4A1 knockdown and inhibition of NR4A1 by kaempferol and quercetin suppressed proliferation of human endometriotic epithelial cells and Ishikawa cells by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor/c-Myc/survivin-mediated growth-promoting and survival pathways, The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and αSMA/CTGF/COL1A1/FN-mediated fibrosis signaling but increasing Thioredoxin domain Containing 5/SESN2-mediated oxidative/estrogen receptors stress signaling. In human endometriotic stromal cells, NR4A1 knockdown and inhibition of NR4A1 by kaempferol and quercetin primarily inhibited mTOR signaling by suppressing proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells. In addition, kaempferol and quercetin treatment also effectively suppressed the growth of endometriotic lesions in mice with endometriosis compared with the vehicle without any body weight changes. Therefore, kaempferol and quercetin are NR4A1 antagonists with potential as nutritional therapy for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kumaravel Mohankumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Gregory Martin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Fuada Mariyam
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yuri Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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7
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Rosales TKO, Fabi JP. Valorization of polyphenolic compounds from food industry by-products for application in polysaccharide-based nanoparticles. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144677. [PMID: 37293672 PMCID: PMC10244521 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, evidence has indicated the beneficial properties of dietary polyphenols. In vitro and in vivo studies support that the regular intake of these compounds may be a strategy to reduce the risks of some chronic non-communicable diseases. Despite their beneficial properties, they are poorly bioavailable compounds. Thus, the main objective of this review is to explore how nanotechnology improves human health while reducing environmental impacts with the sustainable use of vegetable residues, from extraction to the development of functional foods and supplements. This extensive literature review discusses different studies based on the application of nanotechnology to stabilize polyphenolic compounds and maintain their physical-chemical stability. Food industries commonly generate a significant amount of solid waste. Exploring the bioactive compounds of solid waste has been considered a sustainable strategy in line with emerging global sustainability needs. Nanotechnology can be an efficient tool to overcome the challenge of molecular instability, especially using polysaccharides such as pectin as assembling material. Complex polysaccharides are biomaterials that can be extracted from citrus and apple peels (from the juice industries) and constitute promising wall material stabilizing chemically sensitive compounds. Pectin is an excellent biomaterial to form nanostructures, as it has low toxicity, is biocompatible, and is resistant to human enzymes. The potential extraction of polyphenols and polysaccharides from residues and their inclusion in food supplements may be a possible application to reduce environmental impacts and constitutes an approach for effectively including bioactive compounds in the human diet. Extracting polyphenolics from industrial waste and using nanotechnology may be feasible to add value to food by-products, reduce impacts on nature and preserve the properties of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiécla Katiane Osvaldt Rosales
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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8
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Rocchetti MT, Bellanti F, Zadorozhna M, Fiocco D, Mangieri D. Multi-Faceted Role of Luteolin in Cancer Metastasis: EMT, Angiogenesis, ECM Degradation and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108824. [PMID: 37240168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a member of the flavonoid family derived from plants and fruits, shows a wide range of biomedical applications. In fact, due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, Asian medicine has been using luteolin for centuries to treat several human diseases, including arthritis, rheumatism, hypertension, neurodegenerative disorders and various infections. Of note, luteolin displays many anti-cancer/anti-metastatic properties. Thus, the purpose of this review consists in highlighting the relevant mechanisms by which luteolin inhibits tumor progression in metastasis, i.e., affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), repressing angiogenesis and lysis of extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariia Zadorozhna
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Fiocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Kim KH, Ki MR, Min KH, Pack SP. Advanced Delivery System of Polyphenols for Effective Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051048. [PMID: 37237914 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols from plants such as fruits and vegetables are phytochemicals with physiological and pharmacological activity as potential drugs to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation associated with cardiovascular disease, chronic disease, and cancer. However, due to the limited water solubility and bioavailability of many natural compounds, their pharmacological applications have been limited. Researchers have made progress in the development of nano- and micro-carriers that can address these issues and facilitate effective drug delivery. The currently developed drug delivery systems maximize the fundamental effects in various aspects such as absorption rate, stability, cellular absorption, and bioactivity of polyphenols. This review focuses on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols enhanced by the introduction of drug delivery systems, and ultimately discusses the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, growth, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koung Hee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Ki
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ha Min
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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10
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Recent Advances in Natural Polyphenol Research. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248777. [PMID: 36557912 PMCID: PMC9787743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by plants, which contribute to the plant's defense against abiotic stress conditions (e.g., UV radiation and precipitation), the aggression of herbivores, and plant pathogens. Epidemiological studies suggest that long-term consumption of plant polyphenols protects against cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Their structural diversity has fascinated and confronted analytical chemists on how to carry out unambiguous identification, exhaustive recovery from plants and organic waste, and define their nutritional and biological potential. The food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries employ polyphenols from fruits and vegetables to produce additives, additional foods, and supplements. In some cases, nanocarriers have been used to protect polyphenols during food processing, to solve the issues related to low water solubility, to transport them to the site of action, and improve their bioavailability. This review summarizes the structure-bioactivity relationships, processing parameters that impact polyphenol stability and bioavailability, the research progress in nanocarrier delivery, and the most innovative methodologies for the exhaustive recovery of polyphenols from plant and agri-waste materials.
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Bakrim S, El Omari N, El Hachlafi N, Bakri Y, Lee LH, Bouyahya A. Dietary Phenolic Compounds as Anticancer Natural Drugs: Recent Update on Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Trials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213323. [PMID: 36359936 PMCID: PMC9657352 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the stochastic complexity of cancer diseases, the development of chemotherapeutic drugs is almost limited by problems of selectivity and side effects. Furthermore, an increasing number of protective approaches have been recently considered as the main way to limit these pathologies. Natural bioactive compounds, and particularly dietary phenolic compounds, showed major protective and therapeutic effects against different types of human cancers. Indeed, phenolic substances have functional groups that allow them to exert several anti-cancer mechanisms, such as the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest at different stages, and the inhibition of telomerase. In addition, in vivo studies show that these phenolic compounds also have anti-angiogenic effects via the inhibition of invasion and angiogenesis. Moreover, clinical studies have already highlighted certain phenolic compounds producing clinical effects alone, or in combination with drugs used in chemotherapy. In the present work, we present a major advance in research concerning the mechanisms of action of the different phenolic compounds that are contained in food medicinal plants, as well as evidence from the clinical trials that focus on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology, and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Youssef Bakri
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
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Chadorshabi S, Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Ghasempour Z. Red onion skin active ingredients, extraction and biological properties for functional food applications. Food Chem 2022; 386:132737. [PMID: 35509169 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Onion is an important vegetable in the world and the second most important vegetable crop after tomato.Hence, the onion waste, such as onion skin, is produced in abundance causing environmental problems. Due to its bioactive compounds, especially phenolics and flavonoids, red onion skin can be used through appropriate methods for producing value-added products. These phytochemicals are proven to prevent oxidative stress and broad spectrum of microorganisms beside having diverse beneficial biological properties. Extraction step is the most critical processing in making phytonutrient available. Various approaches including conventional and non-conventional technologies applied for extracting different compounds from red onion wastes was summarized in this study. To evaluate the industrial application potential, the use of natural bioactives derived from red onion skin for elaboration of various food systems has been also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chadorshabi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasempour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Cruz JVR, Batista C, Afonso BDH, Alexandre-Moreira MS, Dubois LG, Pontes B, Moura Neto V, Mendes FDA. Obstacles to Glioblastoma Treatment Two Decades after Temozolomide. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133203. [PMID: 35804976 PMCID: PMC9265128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastomas are the most common and aggressive brain tumors in adults, with a median survival of 15 months. Treatment is surgical removal, followed by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Current chemotherapeutics do not kill all the tumor cells and some cells survive, leading to the appearance of a new tumor resistant to the treatment. These treatment-resistant cells are called tumor stem cells. In addition, glioblastoma cells have a high capacity for migration, forming new tumors in areas distant from the original tumor. Studies are now focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance and controlling drug entry into the brain to improve drug performance. Another promising therapeutic approach is the use of viruses that specifically destroy glioblastoma cells, preserving the neural tissue around the tumor. In this review, we summarize the main biological features of glioblastoma and the therapeutic targets that are currently under study for new clinical trials. Abstract Glioblastomas are considered the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with an average of 15 months’ survival rate. The treatment is surgery resection, followed by chemotherapy with temozolomide, and/or radiotherapy. Glioblastoma must have wild-type IDH gene and some characteristics, such as TERT promoter mutation, EGFR gene amplification, microvascular proliferation, among others. Glioblastomas have great heterogeneity at cellular and molecular levels, presenting distinct phenotypes and diversified molecular signatures in each tumor mass, making it difficult to define a specific therapeutic target. It is believed that the main responsibility for the emerge of these distinct patterns lies in subcellular populations of tumor stem cells, capable of tumor initiation and asymmetric division. Studies are now focused on understanding molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance, the tumor microenvironment, due to hypoxic and necrotic areas, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix remodeling, and in controlling blood brain barrier permeabilization to improve drug delivery. Another promising therapeutic approach is the use of oncolytic viruses that are able to destroy specifically glioblastoma cells, preserving the neural tissue around the tumor. In this review, we summarize the main biological characteristics of glioblastoma and the cutting-edge therapeutic targets that are currently under study for promising new clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Roza Cruz
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
| | - Carolina Batista
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
| | - Bernardo de Holanda Afonso
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rua do Rezende 156, Rio de Janeiro 20231-092, Brazil
| | - Magna Suzana Alexandre-Moreira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, Maceio 57072-970, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Gustavo Dubois
- UFRJ Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade, Rodovia Washington Luiz, n. 19.593, km 104.5, Santa Cruz da Serra, Duque de Caxias 25240-005, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Pontes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
| | - Vivaldo Moura Neto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rua do Rezende 156, Rio de Janeiro 20231-092, Brazil
| | - Fabio de Almeida Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (J.V.R.C.); (C.B.); (B.d.H.A.); (B.P.); (V.M.N.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Giménez-Bastida JA, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Carmena-Bargueño M, Pérez-Sánchez H, Espín JC, González-Sarrías A. Physiologically relevant curcuminoids inhibit angiogenesis via VEGFR2 in human aortic endothelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 166:113254. [PMID: 35752269 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process encompassing endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. While numerous studies describe that curcumin exerts antitumor properties (e.g., targeting angiogenesis), information regarding other dietary curcuminoids such as demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BisDMC) is scant. In this study, we evaluated the antiangiogenic activities of these three curcuminoids at physiological concentrations (0.1-5 μM) on endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis and the underlying associated mechanisms on human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Results showed that the individual compounds and a representative mixture inhibited the tubulogenic and migration capacity of endothelial cells dose-dependently, while sparing cell viability. Notably, DMC and BisDMC at 0.1 and 1 μM showed higher capacity than curcumin inhibiting tubulogenesis. These compounds also reduced phosphorylation of the VEGFR2 and the downstream ERK and Akt pathways in VEGF165-stimulated cells. In silico analysis showed that curcuminoids could bind the VEGFR2 antagonizing the VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. These findings suggest that physiologically concentrations of curcuminoids might counteract pro-angiogenic stimuli relevant to tumorigenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100. Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100. Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Carmena-Bargueño
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), HiTech Innovation Hub, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, 30107, Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), HiTech Innovation Hub, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, 30107, Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100. Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100. Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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15
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A comprehensive insight into the antineoplastic activities and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin: Recent trends, challenges, and future outlook. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175089. [PMID: 35688183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lignans constitute an important group of polyphenols, which have been demonstrated to potently suppress cancer cell proliferation. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that deoxypodophyllotoxin as a natural lignan possesses potent anticancer activities against various types of human cancer. The purpose of current review is to provide the reader with the latest findings in understanding the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin. This review comprehensively describes the influence of deoxypodophyllotoxin on signaling cascades and molecular targets implicated in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. A number of various signaling molecules and pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, vascular disruption, ROS, MMPs, glycolysis, and microtubules as well as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK cascades have been reported to be responsible for the anticancer activities of deoxypodophyllotoxin. The results of present review suggest that the cyclolignan deoxypodophyllotoxin can be developed as a novel and potent anticancer agent, especially as an alternative option for treatment of resistant tumors to chemotherapy.
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16
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Quero J, Ballesteros LF, Ferreira-Santos P, Velderrain-Rodriguez GR, Rocha CMR, Pereira RN, Teixeira JA, Martin-Belloso O, Osada J, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. Unveiling the Antioxidant Therapeutic Functionality of Sustainable Olive Pomace Active Ingredients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050828. [PMID: 35624692 PMCID: PMC9137791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biological properties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventional heating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer through Caco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found that the Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably due to its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in the mitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activation of p53 and caspase 3 proteins. In addition, this extract protected the intestine against oxidative stress (ROS) caused by H2O2. Therefore, the bioactive compounds present in OP and recovered by applying a green technology such as ohmic-heating, show promising potential to be used in food, nutraceutical, and biomedical applications, reducing this waste and facilitating the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Quero
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Lina F. Ballesteros
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Ferreira-Santos
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Gustavo R. Velderrain-Rodriguez
- Alianza Latinoamericana de Nutricion Responsable Inc., 400 E Randolph St Suite 2305, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Cristina M. R. Rocha
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo N. Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José A. Teixeira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.F.B.); (P.F.-S.); (C.M.R.R.); (R.N.P.); (J.A.T.)
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Olga Martin-Belloso
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Jesús Osada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- CIBERobn, ISCIII, 28029 Madrtid, Spain
- IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- CIBERobn, ISCIII, 28029 Madrtid, Spain
- IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-761649
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17
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Liao T, Cao J, Yang Z, Cheng J, Lu J. Leaf and Flower Extracts of Six Michelia L.: Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities and in Vitro Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100894. [PMID: 34994077 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Methanolic extracts of the leaf and flower of Michelia L., an evergreen aromatic genus widely used in landscaping, industry and medicine of various countries, were analyzed. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis led to the identification of 28 polyphenols from six Michelia species that widely distributed and cultivated in southern China, among which quinic acid and chlorogenic acid were the main components. The flower extract of Michelia maudiae had the most abundant polyphenols content, as well as high contents of total phenolic (117.31 ± 7.26 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoid (251.60 ± 15.56 mg CE/g DW). Meanwhile, it also showed outstanding performance in three antioxidant indexes of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. The leaf extracts of Michelia chapensis and Michelia floribunda exhibited excellent inhibition against four pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, certain inhibitory activities were displayed by Michelia macclurei extracts against α-amylase and α-glucosidase This study explored the biological activities of six Michelia species, and provided reference for variety selection with the aim of designing novel phyto-pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Liao
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, College of Forestry, Shaoshan South Road, No.498, 410004, Changsha, CHINA
| | - Jiwu Cao
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, College of Forestry, Shaoshan South Road, No.498, 410004, Changsha, CHINA
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shaoshan South Road, No.498, 410004, Changsha, CHINA
| | - Jing Cheng
- Technology Center of Changsha Customs, Hunan Key Laboratory of Food Safety Science & Technology, Xiangfu Central Road, No.188, Changha, CHINA
| | - Jun Lu
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shaoshan South Road, No.498, 410004, Changsha, CHINA
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18
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Shrestha R, Mohankumar K, Martin G, Hailemariam A, Lee SO, Jin UH, Burghardt R, Safe S. Flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin are nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1, Nur77) ligands and inhibit rhabdomyosarcoma cell and tumor growth. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:392. [PMID: 34906197 PMCID: PMC8670039 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids exhibit both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity for multiple tumor types, however, their mechanisms of action are not well defined. Based on some of their functional and gene modifying activities as anticancer agents, we hypothesized that kaempferol and quercetin were nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1, Nur77) ligands and confirmed that both compounds directly bound NR4A1 with KD values of 3.1 and 0.93 μM, respectively. METHODS The activities of kaempferol and quercetin were determined in direct binding to NR4A1 protein and in NR4A1-dependent transactivation assays in Rh30 and Rh41 rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cells. Flavonoid-dependent effects as inhibitors of cell growth, survival and invasion were determined in XTT and Boyden chamber assays respectively and changes in protein levels were determined by western blots. Tumor growth inhibition studies were carried out in athymic nude mice bearing Rh30 cells as xenografts. RESULTS Kaempferol and quercetin bind NR4A1 protein and inhibit NR4A1-dependent transactivation in RMS cells. NR4A1 also regulates RMS cell growth, survival, mTOR signaling and invasion. The pro-oncogenic PAX3-FOXO1 and G9a genes are also regulated by NR4A1 and, these pathways and genes are all inhibited by kaempferol and quercetin. Moreover, at a dose of 50 mg/kg/d kaempferol and quercetin inhibited tumor growth in an athymic nude mouse xenograft model bearing Rh30 cells. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the clinical potential for repurposing kaempferol and quercetin for clinical applications as precision medicine for treating RMS patients that express NR4A1 in order to increase the efficacy and decrease dosages of currently used cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kumaravel Mohankumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Greg Martin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Amanuel Hailemariam
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Ho Jin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Robert Burghardt
- Department of Veterinary Integrated Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA.
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19
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Al-Assar NB, Khattak MNK, Mashwani ZUR, Kanan S, Ullah I, Ali U, Khan AA. Phytochemical profile and antiproliferative activities of acetone extracts of Asplenium polypodioides Blume. and A. dalhousiae Hook. in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6324-6331. [PMID: 34764753 PMCID: PMC8568994 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The plants extracts are widely used in traditional medicines and hence considered a potential source for drug discovery. In this study, we assessed the phytochemical composition of Asplenium dalhousiae and Asplenium polypodioides in acetone extracts and checked its antiproliferative potential in MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that both plants are rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds and are efficient in antioxidant activities. The total phenolic compounds in A. dalhousiae were 44.15 ± 1.38 µg/mg whereas in A. polypodioides were 27.73 ± 1.35 µg/mg. Total flavonoids in A. dalhousiae were 105.39 ± 2.92 µg/mg whereas in A. polypodioides were 101.56 ± 1.75 µg/mg. The ferric reducing power assay indicates 66.38 ± 2.6% reduction by A. dalhousiae whereas 78.43 ± 0.47% reduction by A. polypodioides. Similarly, the total antioxidant capacity of A. dalhousiae was found to be 59.95 ± 1.13 whereas for A. polypodioides the recorded value was 33.03 ± 1.67%. Using GCMS analysis, we identified 25 compounds in A. dalhousiae whereas 26 in A. polypodioides. Four of these compounds are common in both plants. The morphological study and MTT assay revealed that both plants have antiproliferative potential as both plants exerted significant effects on the shape of the MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibited cellular proliferation in time and dose dependent manner. We conclude that both Asplenium plants have potential anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Beesan Al-Assar
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Human Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani
- Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sofian Kanan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali
- Department of Botany Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ali Khan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Human Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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20
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Hosoya T, Tsuchiya I, Ohta T, Benhanifia M, Kumazawa S. Composition of Algerian Propolis, Plant Origin, and Its Antiangiogenic Activity In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216510. [PMID: 34770923 PMCID: PMC8587774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiangiogenic activity of the ethanol extract of propolis collected from different regions in western Algeria was investigated using in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The ethanol extract with the strongest activity, i.e., Algerian propolis 1 (EEPA1), inhibited the formation of capillary networks in a dose-dependent manner (6.25–50 μg/mL) within 12 h and induced cell fragmentation of HUVECs at 50 μg/mL after treatment for 24 h. To identify the active compounds in EEAP1, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed, revealing that EEAP1 contains two major compounds. Both compounds were isolated by repeated column chromatography and identified as ω-hydroxyferulenol (1) and ferulenol (2), which have a coumarin structure conjugated with a farnesyl group according to NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and chemical modification. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the tube-forming activity of HUVECs, especially 2, which exhibited a stronger antiangiogenic effect even at a low concentration of 3.31 μg/mL. Moreover, 2 suppressed the elongation and induced cell fragmentation at the same dose. The molecular changes in tube-forming HUVECs induced by 2 were found to be related to the activation of the caspase signals. To confirm the plant origin of propolis, an HPLC comparative analysis of the ethanol extracts of some plants near beekeeping areas and that of Algerian propolis (EEAP1) was performed, and similar chromatographic patterns were observed. This result suggests that the plant origin of this Algerian propolis is the resin of Ferula communis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hosoya
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (T.H.); (I.T.); (T.O.)
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tsuchiya
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (T.H.); (I.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Toshiro Ohta
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (T.H.); (I.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Mokhtar Benhanifia
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria;
| | - Shigenori Kumazawa
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (T.H.); (I.T.); (T.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-54-264-5523
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21
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Variability of Polyphenolic Compounds and Biological Activities among Perilla frutescens var. crispa Genotypes. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Pfc) of the family Lamiaceae is used as a medicinal plant due to its pharmacological properties. Although Pfc is an important resource for the medical nutrition industry, the variability in phytonutrients and biological activities among genotypes of Pfc is not well understood. The effects of genotype on the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activities, antimelanogenic principles, and anti-inflammatory effects of Pfc were determined using eight Pfc genotypes. Using HPLC analysis, we identified 30 polyphenolic compounds from Pfc, although variation was observed in the polyphenolic composition of Pfc genotypes. Pfc 5 exhibited antimelanogenic activity in B16F10 melanoma cells via inhibition of tyrosinase activity. In addition, Pfc 2 strongly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production through translational downregulation of inducible NOS in RAW264 murine macrophages. Taken together, the results of our study reveal the significant impacts of genotype on phytonutrients and biological activities. This finding will assist in the breeding and genetic engineering of Pfc in order to meet future phytonutrition and health challenges.
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Al-Yousef HM, Fantoukh OI, El-Sayed MA, Amina M, Adel R, Hassan WHB, Abdelaziz S. Metabolic profiling and biological activities of the aerial parts of Micromeria imbricata Forssk. growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5609-5616. [PMID: 34588871 PMCID: PMC8459081 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydroalcoholic extract (MIT) of Micromeria imbricata (Forssk.) growing in Saudi Arabia in addition to the chloroform (MIC) and n-butanol (MIB) fractions were investigated for the first time using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The analysis revealed the tentative identification of fifty-eight compounds including three organic acids, twenty-five phenolic compounds, three coumarins, two anthocyanins, twenty-one flavonoids, three terpenes, and one miscellaneous. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of M. imbricata (MIT) and its fractions (MIC and MIB) were determined by in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-obesity characteristics. The MIT extract showed the highest phenolic (125.23 ± 0.87 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 gm extract) and flavonoid (112.24 ± 2.45 mg quercetin equivalent/100 gm extract) contents followed by n-butanol and chloroform fractions. The MIT extract revealed a potent cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma) with IC50 28.5 ± 2.0 and 35.2 ± 1.2 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, the tested hydroalcoholic extract exhibited a significant DPPH scavenging activity with SC50 28.4 ± 1.2 µg/mL and a remarkable lipase inhibitory activity with IC50 54.2 ± 1.2 µg/mL. In conclusion, the current study presents the first insights into the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of M. imbricata extract and its chloroform and n-butanol fractions. The results revealed that M. imbricata hydroalcoholic extract might be a prolific source of bioactive constituents with potent antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-obesity potential. It might be a natural alternative therapy and nutritional strategy for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Al-Yousef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - May A El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Adel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Wafaa H B Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sahar Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
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23
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Pandey P, Khan F, Alzahrani FA, Qari HA, Oves M. A Novel Approach to Unraveling the Apoptotic Potential of Rutin (Bioflavonoid) via Targeting Jab1 in Cervical Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185529. [PMID: 34577000 PMCID: PMC8472561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rutin has been well recognized for possessing numerous pharmacological and biological activities in several human cancer cells. This research has addressed the inhibitory potential of rutin against the Jab1 oncogene in SiHa cancer cells, which is known to inactivate various tumor suppressor proteins including p53 and p27. Further, the inhibitory efficacy of rutin via Jab1 expression modulation in cervical cancer has not been yet elucidated. Hence, we hypothesized that rutin could exhibit strong inhibitory efficacy against Jab1 and, thereby, induce significant growth arrest in SiHa cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In our study, the cytotoxic efficacy of rutin on the proliferation of a cervical cancer cell line (SiHa) was exhibited using MTT and LDH assays. The correlation between rutin and Jab1 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR analysis and the associated events (a mechanism) with this downregulation were then explored via performing ROS assay, DAPI analysis, and expression analysis of apoptosis-associated signaling molecules such as Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 and -9 using qRT-PCR analysis. Results exhibit that rutin produces anticancer effects via inducing modulation in the expression of oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes. Further apoptosis induction, caspase activation, and ROS generation in rutin-treated SiHa cancer cells explain the cascade of events associated with Jab1 downregulation in SiHa cancer cells. Additionally, apoptosis induction was further confirmed by the FITC-Annexin V/PI double staining method. Altogether, our research supports the feasibility of developing rutin as one of the potent drug candidates in cervical cancer management via targeting one such crucial oncogene associated with cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India; or
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India; or
- Correspondence: or (F.K.); or (M.O.); Tel.: +91-8923580628 (F.K.); +966-650399857 (M.O.)
| | - Faisal Abdulrahman Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Huda A. Qari
- Department of biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (F.K.); or (M.O.); Tel.: +91-8923580628 (F.K.); +966-650399857 (M.O.)
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24
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Mottaghi S, Abbaszadeh H. The anticarcinogenic and anticancer effects of the dietary flavonoid, morin: Current status, challenges, and future perspectives. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6843-6861. [PMID: 34498311 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids constitute one of the most important classes of polyphenols, which have been found to have a wide range of biological activities such as anticancer effects. A large body of evidence demonstrates that morin as a pleiotropic dietary flavonoid possesses potent anticarcinogenic and anticancer activities with minimal toxicity against normal cells. The present review comprehensively elaborates the molecular mechanisms underlying antitumorigenic and anticancer effects of morin. Morin exerts its anticarcinogenic effects through multiple cancer preventive mechanisms, including reduction of oxidative stress, activation of phase II enzymes, induction of apoptosis, attenuation of inflammatory mediators, and downregulation of p-Akt and NF-κB expression. A variety of molecular targets and signaling pathways such as apoptosis, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), NF-κB, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Hippo pathways have been found to be involved in the anticancer effects of morin. In the adjuvant therapy, morin has been shown to have synergistic anticancer effects with several chemotherapeutic drugs. The findings of this review indicate that morin can act as a promising chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Mottaghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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25
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Xiong C, Yan B, Xia S, Yu F, Zhao J, Bai H. Tilianin inhibits the human ovarian cancer (PA-1) cell proliferation via blocking cell cycle, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4900-4907. [PMID: 34466064 PMCID: PMC8381034 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies and is the seventh leading cause of mortalities and morbidities globally. Although there are various therapeutic strategies, a major challenge for scientific community is to come up with effective strategy to treat ovarian cancer. Tilianin, a polyphenol flavonoid is well known for its extensive biological actions like cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor properties. The current study is designed to investigate the anti-cancer action of Tilianin in ovarian cancer (PA-1) cells. The findings of this study revealed that Tilianin treatment results in significant and concentration dependent decrease in cell viability. The growth inhibiting action of Tilianin is associated with apoptosis which was confirmed by DAPI and AO/EtBr staining. The Tilianin-triggered apoptosis in PA-1 cells was correlated with elevated generation of ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, alterations in pro-apoptotic (upregulated mRNA expression of Bax) and anti-apoptotic (downregulated mRNA expression of Bcl2) factors and activation of caspase-8, −9 and −3. Cell cycle analysis revealed that Tilianin treatment prevented G1/S transition through reduced mRNA expression of cyclin D1. Additionally, the findings of this study also showed Tilianin inhibited JAK2/STAT3 signaling (downregulated expression of pJAK2, JAK2, pSTAT3, and STAT3) with no change in mRNA expression level of ERK indicating its non-involvement in the apoptotic and/or growth inhibition of ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, the findings of this exploration provided clear evidence of anti-cancer effects of Tilianin in PA-1 cells through its anti-proliferative action, ability to induce apoptosis both through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, cell cycle (G1/S) arrest and JAK2/STAT3 signaling inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Xiong
- Corresponding author at: Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530003, China.
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26
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Komorowska D, Gajewska A, Hikisz P, Bartosz G, Rodacka A. Comparison of the Effects of Resveratrol and Its Derivatives on the Radiation Response of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179511. [PMID: 34502426 PMCID: PMC8431402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is among the most important methods for breast cancer treatment. However, this method's effectiveness is limited by radioresistance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the stilbene derivatives piceid, resveratrol, and piceatannol have a radiosensitising effect on breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The conducted research enabled us to determine which of the tested compounds has the greatest potential in sensitising cells to ionising radiation (IR). Among the stilbene derivatives, resveratrol significantly increased the effect of IR. Resveratrol and IR used in combination had a higher cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells than using piceatannol, piceid, or radiation alone. This was due to a significant decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which resulted in the accumulation of formed reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effect of resveratrol and IR enhanced the expression of apoptotic genes, such as Bax, p53, and caspase 8, leading to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Komorowska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.); (A.G.); (P.H.)
| | - Agnieszka Gajewska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.); (A.G.); (P.H.)
| | - Paweł Hikisz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.); (A.G.); (P.H.)
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Rzeszow University, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Rodacka
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.); (A.G.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +48-426354473
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27
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, Paradisi C. Synthesis and Testing of Novel Isomeric Mitochondriotropic Derivatives of Resveratrol and Quercetin. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2275:141-160. [PMID: 34118036 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1262-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and quercetin are among the most studied plant polyphenols, and have many health-promoting actions. Strategies to accumulate them into mitochondria may be of therapeutic relevance, since these compounds are redox active and are well known to impact mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins. We report here the procedures to synthesize mitochondria-targeted resveratrol and quercetin derivatives; the synthetic strategies reported are however expected to be adaptable to other polyphenols with similar reactivity at the phenolic hydroxyls. Mitochondrial targeting can be achieved by conjugation with triphenylphosphonium , a lipophilic cation; this was linked via a butyl spacer forming an ether bond with one of the phenolic oxygens. The first step toward the synthesis of all mitochondriotropic derivatives described in this work is the production of a regiospecific -(4-O-chlorobutyl) derivative. Triphenylphosphonium (P+Ph3I-) is then introduced through two consecutive nucleophilic substitution steps: -Cl → -I → -P+Ph3I-. Pure mono-substituted chlorobutyl regioisomers are obtained by purification from the reaction mixture in the case of resveratrol , while specific protection strategies are required for quercetin to favor alkylation of one specific hydroxyl.Functionalization of the remaining hydroxyls can be exploited to modulate the physicochemical properties of the derivatives (i.e., water solubility, affinity for cell membranes); we report here synthetic protocols to obtain acetylated and methylated analogs.A brief description of some methods to assess the accumulation of the derivatives in mitochondria is also given; the proposed techniques are the use of a TPP +-selective electrode (with isolated rat liver mitochondria ) and fluorescence microscopy (with cultured cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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28
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Lee J, Han Y, Wang W, Jo H, Kim H, Kim S, Yang KM, Kim SJ, Dhanasekaran DN, Song YS. Phytochemicals in Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081107. [PMID: 34439774 PMCID: PMC8393583 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of immune checkpoint molecules in the tumor microenvironment reduces the anti-tumor immune response by suppressing the recognition of T cells to tumor cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is emerging as a promising therapeutic option for cancer treatment. However, modulating the immune system with ICIs still faces obstacles with severe immunogenic side effects and a lack of response against many cancer types. Plant-derived natural compounds offer regulation on various signaling cascades and have been applied for the treatment of multiple diseases, including cancer. Accumulated evidence provides the possibility of efficacy of phytochemicals in combinational with other therapeutic agents of ICIs, effectively modulating immune checkpoint-related signaling molecules. Recently, several phytochemicals have been reported to show the modulatory effects of immune checkpoints in various cancers in in vivo or in vitro models. This review summarizes druggable immune checkpoints and their regulatory factors. In addition, phytochemicals that are capable of suppressing PD-1/PD-L1 binding, the best-studied target of ICI therapy, were comprehensively summarized and classified according to chemical structure subgroups. It may help extend further research on phytochemicals as candidates of combinational adjuvants. Future clinical trials may validate the synergetic effects of preclinically investigated phytochemicals with ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- SK Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13494, Korea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - HyunA Jo
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Heeyeon Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA;
| | - Kyung-Min Yang
- MedPacto Inc., 92, Myeongdal-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (S.-J.K.)
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- MedPacto Inc., 92, Myeongdal-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea; (K.-M.Y.); (S.-J.K.)
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Korea
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Danny N. Dhanasekaran
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (W.W.); (H.J.); (H.K.)
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2822
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Mottaghi S, Abbaszadeh H. Natural Lignans Honokiol and Magnolol as Potential Anticarcinogenic and Anticancer Agents. A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:761-778. [PMID: 34047218 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1931364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant lignans constitute an important group of polyphenols, which have been demonstrated to significantly induce cancer cell death and suppress cancer cell proliferation with minimal toxicity against non-transformed cells. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the intake of lignans is associated with lower risk of several cancers. These natural compounds have the potential to inhibit carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis by targeting various signaling molecules and pathways. Growing evidence indicates that honokiol and magnolol as natural lignans possess potent anticancer activities against various types of human cancer. The aim of present review is to provide the reader with the newest findings in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating anticancer effects of honokiol and magnolol. This review comprehensively elucidates the effects of honokiol and magnolol on the molecular targets and signal transduction pathways implicated in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The findings of current review indicate that honokiol and magnolol can be considered as promising carcinopreventive and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Mottaghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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30
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Mottaghi S, Abbaszadeh H. A comprehensive mechanistic insight into the dietary and estrogenic lignans, arctigenin and sesamin as potential anticarcinogenic and anticancer agents. Current status, challenges, and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7301-7318. [PMID: 33905270 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that lignans as polyphenolic compounds are beneficial against life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Plant lignans have the potential to induce cancer cell death and interfere with carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. Epidemiological studies have revealed that the intake of lignans is inversely associated with the risk of several cancers. Moreover, numerous experimental studies demonstrate that natural lignans significantly suppress cancer cell proliferation with minimal toxicity against non-transformed cells. Dietary lignans arctigenin and sesamin have been found to have potent antiproliferative activities against various types of human cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer effects of arctigenin and sesamin. Our review comprehensively describes the effects of arctigenin and sesamin on the signaling pathways and related molecules involved in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The findings of present review show that the dietary lignans arctigenin and sesamin seem to be promising carcinopreventive and anticancer agents. These natural lignans can be used as dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals for prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Mottaghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Li W, Cheng M, Zhang W, He R, Yang H. New Insights into the Mechanisms of Polyphenol from Plum Fruit Inducing Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells Via PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Pathway. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 76:125-132. [PMID: 33641052 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have been found that polyphenols from plums fruits can inhibit the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, while the molecular mechanism was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the pro-apoptotic effect of purified plum polyphenols (PPP) on human lung cancer A549 cells. Quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside, 814.19 ± 40.71 mg/g) was identified as the primary polyphenol in PPP via ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). PPP showed a strong capacity for inhibiting the proliferation of the A549 cells by inducing apoptosis, which was reflected by an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Additionally, the inhibitory rate of PPP on the A549 cells were higher than that of vitamin C when the treatment dose exceeded 160 μg/mL. Transcriptome analysis suggested that PPP-induced apoptosis was closely associated with regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/forkhead box protein O 1 (FOXO1) pathway in the A549 cells. Subsequently, as an activator of AKT, SC79 was applied to confirm that the inhibition of AKT phosphorylation play an important role in the PPP-induced apoptosis of the A549 cells. These results illustrated the potential of PPP as a dietary compound for the prevention of cancer or for use during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, Chongqing, 408100, China.
| | - Mengting Cheng
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, Chongqing, 408100, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, Chongqing, 408100, China
| | - Ruiyan He
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, Chongqing, 408100, China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169, Changle-West road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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32
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The growth-inhibitory effects of pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) roots, twigs, leaves, and fruit against human gastric (AGS) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells and their anti-inflammatory activities. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2173-2181. [PMID: 33630206 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pawpaw tree has several beneficial effects. However, no studies have been conducted to address the mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effects of pawpaw extracts against cancer cells, and no study has investigated the anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, in this study, the growth-inhibitory effects of pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) extracts against gastric (AGS) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells and the inhibitory effects of pawpaw extracts against inflammatory factors (NO, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2) were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The viability of AGS and HeLa cells, the analysis of cell cycle, and the expression of apoptosis marker protein were determined using MTT assay, FACS, western blotting, and TUNEL assays. The inflammatory factors were determined using Griess method, ELISA assay kit, and RAW 264.7 cells. The IC50 values of twig and unripe fruit extracts for AGS cells were 82.01 and 100.61 µg/mL, respectively. For HeLa cells, pawpaw twig extracts exhibited the strongest ability to inhibit cervical cancer cell growth (IC50 = 97.73 µg/mL). Analysis of the cell cycle phase distribution and expression of the apoptosis regulatory proteins BCL-2, BAX, caspase-3, and PARP showed that pawpaw twig, root, and unripe fruit extracts induced Sub G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of AGS and HeLa cells. In addition, the twig, root, and unripe fruit extracts of pawpaw effectively inhibited the inflammatory makers NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS. Particularly, the twig, root, and unripe fruit extracts at concentrations of 50 µg/mL exhibited > 50% inhibition of TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that pawpaw extracts are natural therapeutic agents that may be used for the prevention and treatment of gastric and cervical cancers, and encourage further studies on the anti-inflammatory potential of the pawpaw tree.
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Galeotti F, Capitani F, Maccari F, Mantovani V, Volpi N. Capillary Electrophoresis Separation of Artepillin C: Determination in Brazilian Green Propolis. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:994-1003. [PMID: 33604611 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is important in complementary and alternative medicine having well-known therapeutic applications. Artepillin C, a main component of Brazilian (green) propolis, has attracted great attention for its anticancer action. Consequently, the synthesis of artepillin C has been reported but, due to the limited yield and elevated costs, this biomolecule is largely produced from Brazilian propolis. We report the capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation of artepillin C in Brazilian propolis also comparing the results with those of HPLC-UV-MS. Optimal separation was obtained with a simple buffer constituted of sodium tetraborate 30 mM pH 9.2 and detection at 210 nm. Artepillin C and the polyphenols of propolis were fully separated with a voltage gradient of 30 to 8 kV and a current of 300 μA for a total run of 50 min. The sensitivity of CE-UV was 22 times greater than HPLC-UV and 100 times more than HPLC-MS with also a stronger reduction in the run time and a greater robustness and reproducibility. The development of CE as an effective and reliable method for the analysis of artepillin C is desired as the standardized quality controls are essential before propolis or its biomolecules can be adopted routinely in nutraceuticals, food ingredients and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Galeotti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Maccari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Veronica Mantovani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Volpi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Safe S, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS, Howard M, Mohankumar K, Shrestha R. Flavonoids: structure-function and mechanisms of action and opportunities for drug development. Toxicol Res 2021; 37:147-162. [PMID: 33868973 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic phytochemicals produced in fruits, nuts and vegetables and dietary consumption of these structurally diverse compounds is associated with multiple health benefits including increased lifespan, decreased cardiovascular problems and low rates of metabolic diseases. Preclinical studies with individual flavonoids demonstrate that these compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities and they enhance the immune system. Their effectiveness in both chemoprevention and chemotherapy is associated with their targeting of multiple genes/pathways including nuclear receptors, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptors. However, despite the remarkable preclinical activities of flavonoids, their clinical applications have been limited and this is due, in part, to problems in drug delivery and poor bioavailability and these problems are being addressed. Further improvements that will expand clinical applications of flavonoids include mechanism-based precision medicine approaches which will identify critical mechanisms of action of individual flavonoids with optimal activities that can be used in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Marcell Howard
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Kumaravel Mohankumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Rupesh Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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Siano F, Cutignano A, Moccia S, Russo GL, Volpe MG, Picariello G. Phytochemical Characterization and Effects on Cell Proliferation of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus) Berry Oil: a Revalued Source of Phenolics. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:487-494. [PMID: 32671681 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ethno-pharmaceutical use of the edible fixed oil produced from lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus) berries covers a long tradition in several Mediterranean regions. Many of the health-promoting properties of lentisk berry oil (LBO) have been associated with the content of polar (poly)phenolic compounds. However, the polar fraction (methanol 80%, v/v) of LBO (LBO-pf) remains poorly and inadequately characterized. We assessed the phytochemical composition (fatty acids, phytosterols and polyphenols) of cold-pressed LBO produced in Cilento (Campania region, Italy) over four years of production (2015-2018). Main phenolic compounds present in LBO-pf were identified and semi-quantified combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and HPLC with diode array detection. Phenolic compounds, also responsible for oil stability and antioxidant properties, are relatively abundant in LBO, compared to other edible oils. LBO-pf induced clear dose-dependent effects on the growth of HT-29 cell line derived from human colorectal adenocarcinoma, as evidenced by the cell cycle arrest. Our data support the health-promoting properties of cold-pressed LBO, which is obtained with good yield from spontaneous plants growing in semiarid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Siano
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Moccia
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Picariello
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy.
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Prasher P, Sharma M, Singh SP, Rawat DS. Barbiturate derivatives for managing multifaceted oncogenic pathways: A mini review. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:364-373. [PMID: 33210368 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Development and progression of metastasis comprises synchronized erroneous expressions of several composite pathways, which are difficult to manage simultaneously with the representative anticancer molecules. The emergence of the drug resistance and the complex interplay between these pathways further potentiates cancer related complexities. Barbiturates and their derivatives present a commendable anticancer profile by attenuating the cancer manifesting metabolic and enzymatic pathways including, but not limited to matrix metalloproteinases, xanthine oxidase, amino peptidases, histone deacetylases, and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase. The derivatization and conjugation of barbiturates with pharmacophores delivers a suitable hybrid profile in containing the anomalous expression of these pathways. The present report presents a succinct collation of the barbiturates and their derivatives in managing the various cancer causing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Samarth P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Devendra S Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
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Carullo G, Mazzotta S, Koch A, Hartmann KM, Friedrich O, Gilbert DF, Vega-Holm M, Schneider-Stock R, Aiello F. New Oleoyl Hybrids of Natural Antioxidants: Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation as Inducers of Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111077. [PMID: 33153029 PMCID: PMC7692320 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the beneficial role of a healthy lifestyle, particularly emphasizing the quality of foods and cancer management, is accepted worldwide. Polyphenols and oleic acid play a key role in this context, but are still scarcely used as anti-cancer agents due to their bio-accessibility limits. Therefore, we aimed to synthesize a set of new oleoyl-hybrids of quercetin, morin, pinocembrin, and catechin to overcome the low bioavailability of polyphenols, throughout a bio-catalytic approach using pancreatic porcine lipase as a catalyst. The in vitro assays, using a wide panel of human cancer cell lines showed, mainly for two novel regioisomer oleoyl-hybrids of quercetin, a remarkable increase in apoptotic cell populations. We suggested that the DNA damage shown as ɣH2AX signals might be the major cause of apoptotic cell death. Finally, we demonstrated convincing data about two novel polyphenol-based hybrids displaying a highly selective anti-cancer cytotoxicity and being superior compared to their reference/parental compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sarah Mazzotta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González 2, 41071 Seville, Spain;
| | - Adrian Koch
- Institiute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Universitätsstr. 22, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
- Experimental Tumorpathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Universitätsstr. 22, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristin M. Hartmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.H.); (O.F.); (D.F.G.)
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.H.); (O.F.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Daniel F. Gilbert
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.H.); (O.F.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Margarita Vega-Holm
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González 2, 41071 Seville, Spain;
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Institiute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Universitätsstr. 22, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
- Experimental Tumorpathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Universitätsstr. 22, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.S.-S.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- Correspondence: (R.S.-S.); (F.A.)
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Barboza JR, Pereira FAN, Fernandes RA, Vasconcelos CC, Cartágenes MDSDS, Oliveira Lopes AJ, de Melo AC, Guimarães IDS, da Rocha CQ, Ribeiro MNDS. Cytotoxicity and Pro-Apoptotic, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Geopropolis Produced by the Stingless Bee Melipona fasciculata Smith. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9090292. [PMID: 32942772 PMCID: PMC7566010 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Geopropolis is produced by some stingless bee species, such as Melipona fasciculata Smith, a native species from Brazil. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and cytotoxicity effects of geopropolis hydroethanolic extracts against lung (H460 and A549) and ovarian (A2780 and ES2) cancer cell lines and non-tumor (HUVEC) cell lines using chemical identification by LC/MS/MS analysis and in silico assays to determine which compounds are associated with bioactivity. The antioxidant activity of extracts and inhibitory activity against COX enzymes were assessed by in vitro assays; cytotoxicity effect was evaluated by the MTT assay; cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry and apoptosis by Western blotting. The geopropolis extracts showed great radical scavenging potential, preferential inhibition of COX-2, decreased cancer cell viability, non-cytotoxic effects against the non-tumoral cell line, besides modulating the cell cycle and inducing cancer cell apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 and PARP protein cleavage. The in silico study suggests that corilagin, typhaneoside, taraxerone and marsformosanone, identified by LC/MS/MS, can be associated with anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic effects. Thus, the current study suggests the potential of geopropolis concerning the research field of new pharmacological alternatives regarding cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josianne Rocha Barboza
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (F.A.N.P.); (A.J.O.L.); (M.N.d.S.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.B.); (C.Q.d.R.); Tel.: +55-98-3272-9243 (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Francisco Assis Nascimento Pereira
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (F.A.N.P.); (A.J.O.L.); (M.N.d.S.R.)
| | - Renan Amphilophio Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Estudo Experimental da Dor, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (C.C.V.); (M.d.S.d.S.C.)
| | - Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cartágenes
- Laboratório de Estudo Experimental da Dor, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (C.C.V.); (M.d.S.d.S.C.)
| | - Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (F.A.N.P.); (A.J.O.L.); (M.N.d.S.R.)
- Laboratório de Estudo Experimental da Dor, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (C.C.V.); (M.d.S.d.S.C.)
| | - Andreia Cristina de Melo
- Divisão de Pesquisa Clínica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (A.C.d.M.); (I.d.S.G.)
| | - Isabella dos Santos Guimarães
- Divisão de Pesquisa Clínica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (A.C.d.M.); (I.d.S.G.)
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.R.B.); (C.Q.d.R.); Tel.: +55-98-3272-9243 (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Maria Nilce de Sousa Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Campus Bacanga, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Maranhão, Brazil; (F.A.N.P.); (A.J.O.L.); (M.N.d.S.R.)
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Multivariate Analysis of Amino Acids and Health Beneficial Properties of Cantaloupe Varieties Grown in Six Locations in the United States. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091058. [PMID: 32824999 PMCID: PMC7570236 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cantaloupe is a good dietary source of amino acids, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamine, and citrulline. However, the levels of these amino acids vary among different cantaloupe varieties grown in different locations. Understanding the variation in amino acid contents provides fundamentally important information for quality control and improving melon varieties. To examine this variation, we measured the amino acid contents in cantaloupes grown in six locations in the United States (Texas, Georgia, North Carolina, California, Indiana, and Arizona). Principal component analyses were applied to analyze the effect of growing location on the amino acid profiles in different varieties. The GABA content ranged from 1006.14 ± 64.77 to 3187.12 ± 64.96 µg/g and citrulline ranged from 92.65 ± 9.52 to 464.75 ± 34.97 µg/g depending on the variety and location. Total phenolic contents, α-amylase inhibition, and antioxidant activities were also measured. Tuscan type Da Vinci had significantly higher phenolic contents in Arizona (381.99 ± 16.21 µg/g) but had the lowest level when grown in California (224.56 ± 14.62 µg/g). Our analyses showed significant differences in amino acid levels, phenolics contents, and antioxidant activity in the cantaloupe varieties based on the growing location. These findings underline the importance of considering growing location in the selection and improvement of cantaloupe varieties.
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Shad PM, Karizi SZ, Javan RS, Mirzaie A, Noorbazargan H, Akbarzadeh I, Rezaie H. Folate conjugated hyaluronic acid coated alginate nanogels encapsulated oxaliplatin enhance antitumor and apoptosis efficacy on colorectal cancer cells (HT29 cell line). Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Unravelling the anticancer potential of functionalized chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines for breast cancer treatment. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103942. [PMID: 32450388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A selection of new chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines was prepared from chromenylacrylonitriles and N-substituted piperazines, using a novel and efficient synthetic procedure. The compounds were tested for their anticancer activity using breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, Hs578t and MDA-MB-231 and the non-neoplastic cell line MCF-10A for toxicity evaluation. In general, compounds showed higher activity towards the luminal breast cancer subtype (MCF-7), competitive with the reference compound Doxorubicin. The in vivo toxicity assay using C. elegans demonstrated a safe profile for the most active compounds. Chromene 3f revealed a promising drug profile, inhibiting cell growth and proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, apoptosis and microtubule destabilization. The new compounds presented exciting bioactive features and may be used as lead compounds in cancer related drug discovery.
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Rainha J, Gomes D, Rodrigues LR, Rodrigues JL. Synthetic Biology Approaches to Engineer Saccharomyces cerevisiae towards the Industrial Production of Valuable Polyphenolic Compounds. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10050056. [PMID: 32370107 PMCID: PMC7281501 DOI: 10.3390/life10050056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with diverse biological and potential therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer, among others. However, their extraction from the native plants is not enough to satisfy the increasing demand for this type of compounds. The development of microbial cell factories to effectively produce polyphenols may represent the most attractive solution to overcome this limitation and produce high amounts of these bioactive molecules. With the advances in the synthetic biology field, the development of efficient microbial cell factories has become easier, largely due to the development of the molecular biology techniques and by the identification of novel isoenzymes in plants or simpler organisms to construct the heterologous pathways. Furthermore, efforts have been made to make the process more profitable through improvements in the host chassis. In this review, advances in the production of polyphenols by genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as by synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches to improve the production of these compounds at industrial settings are discussed.
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43
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Izzo AA. An updated PTR virtual issue on the pharmacology of the nutraceutical curcumin. Phytother Res 2020; 34:671-673. [PMID: 32077178 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Hafezi K, Hemmati AA, Abbaszadeh H, Valizadeh A, Makvandi M. Anticancer activity and molecular mechanisms of α-conidendrin, a polyphenolic compound present in Taxus yunnanensis, on human breast cancer cell lines. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1397-1408. [PMID: 31971313 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
α-Conidendrin is a polyphenolic compound found mainly in Taxus yunnanensis, as the source of chemotherapy drug paclitaxel, which has been used in traditional medicine for treatment of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity and molecular mechanisms of α-conidendrin on breast cancer cell lines. The results of the present study show that α-conidendrin possesses potent antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. α-Conidendrin significantly induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells via reactive oxygen species generation, upregulation of p53 and Bax, downregulation of Bcl-2, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and activation of caspases-3 and -9. α-Conidendrin remarkably inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells through induction of cell cycle arrest by upregulating p53 and p21 and downregulating cyclin D1 and CDK4. Unlike breast cancer cells, the antiproliferative effect of α-conidendrin on human foreskin fibroblast cells (normal cells) was very small. In normal cells, reactive oxygen species levels, loss of MMP, release of cytochrome c, mRNA expression of p53, p21, cyclin D1, CDK4, Bax, and Bcl-2 as well as mRNA expression and activity of caspases-3 and -9 were significantly less affected by α-conidendrin compared with cancer cells. These results suggest that α-conidendrin can be a promising agent for treatment of breast cancer with little or no toxicity against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Hafezi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Hemmati
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Armita Valizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Martínez-Rodríguez OP, Thompson-Bonilla MDR, Jaramillo-Flores ME. Association between obesity and breast cancer: Molecular bases and the effect of flavonoids in signaling pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60:3770-3792. [PMID: 31899947 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1708262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that leads to different health problems, such as cancer, where the adipocytes promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells, especially in the breast, where the epithelial cells are immersed in a fatty environment, and the interactions between these two types of cells involve, not only adipokines but also local pro-inflammatory mechanisms and hypoxic processes generating anti-apoptotic signals, which are a common result in leptin signaling. The expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and cyclin D1, results in the decrease in phosphorylation of AMPK, increasing the activity of the aromatase enzyme; alternatively, the adiponectin activates AMPK to reduce inflammation. Nevertheless, alterations of the JAK/STAT pathways contribute to mammary carcinogenesis, while the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway controls most of the cancer's characteristics such as the cell cycle, survival, differentiation, proliferation, motility, metabolism, and genetic stability. Therefore, the purpose of the present review is, through the accumulated scientific evidence, to find the concordance between the signaling pathways involved among obesity and breast cancer, which can be modulated by using flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Pablo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Del Rocío Thompson-Bonilla
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado ISSSTE, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México
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Bisol Â, de Campos PS, Lamers ML. Flavonoids as anticancer therapies: A systematic review of clinical trials. Phytother Res 2019; 34:568-582. [PMID: 31752046 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids have been proposed as potential chemotherapeutic agents because they are toxic against cancer cells but not harmful to healthy cells. This systematic review analyzed flavonoid effectiveness in human cancer chemotherapy. Overall, 22 phase II and 1 phase III clinical trials (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) that used flavonoids as a single agent or combined with other therapeutics against hematopoietic/lymphoid or solid cancer published by January 2019 were selected for analysis. Flavopiridol was the most commonly used flavonoid (at a dose of 50-mg/m2 IV) for all tumor types. Aside from the relatively low rate of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) with any administration protocol, flavonoids showed higher positive outcomes for hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (140 patients with CR and 88 with PR among 615 patients in 11 trials) than for solid tumors (4 patients with CR and 21 with PR among 525 patients in 12 trials). However, because of the high variety in administration schedule, more studies are needed to further understand how flavonoids can promote positive outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Bisol
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paloma Santos de Campos
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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47
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Poor Dietary Polyphenol Intake in Childhood Cancer Patients. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112835. [PMID: 31752350 PMCID: PMC6893556 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging research demonstrates polyphenol-rich diets like the Mediterranean diet may play a role in improving the outcomes of adult cancer therapy. To date, there are no trials assessing the intake or efficacy of polyphenol-rich diets in childhood cancer patients. In this study we collected dietary data on 59 childhood cancer patients on treatment using a three-pass 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR), which is based on a validated and structured three-part methodology. Polyphenol consumption was calculated by matching the food consumption data with polyphenol content extracted from the most updated Phenol-Explorer database. The mean total polyphenol intake was 173.31 ± 141.02 mg/day. The major food sources of polyphenols were fruits, beverages, and cereals. There were no significant associations with time since diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) z-score, types of cancer, treatment intensity, food-related symptoms, relapse, and total daily polyphenol intake. Further investigation with larger studies will facilitate the steps in assessing the value of polyphenol-rich dietary patterns in future nutritional interventions for childhood cancer patients.
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48
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Guo S, Liu L, Zhang S, Yang C, Yue W, Zhao H, Ho CT, Du J, Zhang H, Bai N. Chemical characterization of the main bioactive polyphenols from the roots ofMorus australis(mulberry). Food Funct 2019; 10:6915-6926. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01457h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols from mulberry roots possess antitumor activity and α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
- College of Chemical Engineering
| | - Li Liu
- National Translation Center for Molecular Medicine
- Fourth Military Medical Univeristy
- Xi'an
- China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Chuang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Wenping Yue
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science
- Rutgers University
- New Brunswick
- USA
| | - Junfeng Du
- Shaanxi Family Forestry Bureau
- Shaanxi Jiaxian Development and Reform and Science and Technology Bureau
- Yulin
- China
| | - Hai Zhang
- National Translation Center for Molecular Medicine
- Fourth Military Medical Univeristy
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Naisheng Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
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