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Chen J, Zhou Y, Liu D, Lu X, Chen H, Huang M, Mao Z, Zhang T, He Z, Zou Z, Zhang K. Discovery and Development of Luvangetin from Zanthoxylum avicennae as a New Fungicide Candidate for Fusarium verticillioides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8550-8568. [PMID: 38546976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi pose a significant threat to crop yields and human healthy, and the subsequent fungicide resistance has greatly aggravated these agricultural and medical challenges. Hence, the development of new fungicides with higher efficiency and greater environmental friendliness is urgently required. In this study, luvangetin, isolated and identified from the root of Zanthoxylum avicennae, exhibited wide-spectrum antifungal activity in vivo and in vitro. Integrated omics and in vitro and in vivo transcriptional analyses revealed that luvangetin inhibited GAL4-like Zn(II)2Cys6 transcriptional factor-mediated transcription, particularly the FvFUM21-mediated FUM cluster gene expression, and decreased the biosynthesis of fumonisins inFusarium verticillioides. Moreover, luvangetin binds to the double-stranded DNA helix in vitro in the groove mode. We isolated and identified luvangetin, a natural metabolite from a traditional Chinese edible medicinal plant and uncovered its multipathogen resistance mechanism. This study is the first to reveal the mechanism underlying the antifungal activity of luvangetin and provides a promising direction for the future use of plant-derived natural products to prevent and control plant and animal pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Duxuan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Mengni Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhen He
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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Wekesa EN, Kimani NM, Kituyi SN, Omosa LK, Santos CBR. Therapeutic Potential of the Genus Zanthoxylum Phytochemicals: A Theoretical ADME/Tox Analysis. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION OF BOTANISTS = SUID-AFRIKAANSE TYDSKRIF VIR PLANTKUNDE : AMPTELIKE TYDSKRIF VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE GENOOTSKAP VAN PLANTKUNDIGES 2023; 162:129-141. [PMID: 37840557 PMCID: PMC10569136 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are essential in the search for new drugs to treat a wide range of diseases, including infectious and malignant disorders. However, despite the discovery of many bioactive NPs, they often do not make it to market as drugs due to toxicity and other challenges. The development of NPs into drugs is a long and expensive process, and many promising compounds are abandoned along the way. These molecules require in silico ADMET profiling in order to speed up their development into drugs lower costs, and the high attrition rate. The objective of this work was to produce thorough ADMET profiles of secondary metabolites from several classes that were isolated from Zanthoxylum species. The genus has a long history of therapeutic use, including treating tumours, hypertension, gonorrhoea, coughs, bilharzia, chest pains, and toothaches. The study used a dataset of 406 compounds from the genus for theoretical ADMET analysis. The findings revealed that 81% of the compounds met Lipinski's rule of five, indicating good oral bioavailability. The drug-likeness criteria were taken into account, with percentages ranging from 66.2 to 88.1 percent. Additionally, 9.2% of the compounds were predicted to be lead-like, demonstrating their potential as promising drug development candidates. Interestingly, none of the compounds inhibited hERG I, while 33% inhibited hERG II, potentially having cardiac implications. Additionally, 30% of the compounds exhibited AMES toxicity inhibition, while 23.6% were identified as hepatotoxic and 22.2% would cause skin sensitivity. Moreover, 81.8% of the compounds demonstrated high intestinal absorption, making them desirable for oral drugs. In conclusion, these findings highlight the diverse properties of the investigated compounds and their potential for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah N. Kituyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Kenya
- The Fogarty International center of the National Institutes of Health- 31 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | | | - Cleydson B. R. Santos
- Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil
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Mutinda ES, Kimutai F, Mkala EM, Waswa EN, Odago WO, Nanjala C, Ndungu CN, Gichua MK, Njire MM, Gituru RW, Hu GW. Ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of pantropical genus Zanthoxylum L. (Rutaceae): An update. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115895. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.115895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
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Mutinda ES, Kimutai F, Mkala EM, Waswa EN, Odago WO, Nanjala C, Ndungu CN, Gichua MK, Njire MM, Gituru RW, Hu GW. Ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of pantropical genus Zanthoxylum L. (Rutaceae): An update. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115895. [PMID: 36513263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants have been used in various parts of the world to treat various diseases. The genus Zanthoxylum L. (Rutaceae) is the second largest genus of this family and comprises approximately 225-549 species distributed in the tropical and temperate regions of the world. Plants of this genus are trees and shrubs with various applications in folklore medicine for food, medicine, construction, and other uses. AIM OF THE REVIEW The goal of this review is to give an updated data on the ethnobotanical applications, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the Zanthoxylum species to investigate their medicinal potential and identify research gaps for future research studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was obtained through a systematic search of published literature and online databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Sci-Finder. The botanical names were confirmed using the World Flora Online and chemical structures were drawn using the ChemBio Draw Ultra Version 14.0 Software. RESULTS The Zanthoxylum species have a wide use in different parts of the continents as a remedy for various diseases such as digestive diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, venereal diseases, respiratory diseases, rheumatism, bacterial diseases, viral, and other diseases. Various parts of the plant comprising fruits, seeds, twigs, leaves, oils, and stems are administered singly or in the form of decoction, infusion, powder, paste, poultice, juice, or mixed with other medicinal plants to cure the disease. More than 400 secondary metabolites have been isolated and characterized in this genus with various biological activities, which comprise alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, lignans, alcohols, fatty acids, amides, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, and hydrocarbons. The crude extracts, fractions, and chemical compounds isolated from the genus have demonstrated a wide range of biological activities both in vivo and in vitro, including; anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-sickling, hepatoprotective, antipyretic, antitumor, and other pharmacological activities. CONCLUSION This genus has demonstrated an array of phytoconstituents with therapeutic potential. The ethnobotanical uses of this genus have been confirmed in modern pharmacological research. This genus is a potential source for modern drug discovery and health care products. Further and extensive research is therefore required on the safety approval and therapeutic application of the species of this genus as well as clinical trials and pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Festus Kimutai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Elijah Mbandi Mkala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wyclif Ochieng Odago
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Consolata Nanjala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Caroline Njambi Ndungu
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Moses Kirega Gichua
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Moses Muguci Njire
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Robert Wahiti Gituru
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Anti-hypoxic active constituents from the twigs of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barragán-Mendoza L, Sotelo-García DM, Via LD, Parra-Delgado H. Biological properties of aqueous extract and pyranocoumarins obtained from the bark of Brosimum alicastrum tree. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 290:115128. [PMID: 35196529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Brosimum alicastrum is a tree used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases, including uterine cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the cytotoxic activity of aqueous extract of B. alicastrum bark and isolated compounds xanthyletin (1), luvangetin (2), and 8-hydroxyxanthyletin (3) on three human cancer cell lines was determined. Moreover, the biological effects of 8-hydroxyxanthyletin (3) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aqueous extract was prepared according to the ethnomedical information reported from the bark. The compounds were purified using chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The antiproliferative effect of aqueous extract and isolates was determined in three human tumor cell lines: HeLa, A2780, and MSTO-211H, and evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay. The cell cycle and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ) were measured by flow cytometry, while Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels were determined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. The effect on the relaxation activity, mediated by topoisomerase I and II, was evaluated by electrophoresis, and docking studies were performed using Autodock 4.2 to analyze the interactions. RESULTS Aqueous extract of B. alicastrum bark showed significant antiproliferative effect on the evaluated cancer cell lines (IC50 = 1.6, 8.5, and 21.4 μg/ml). Four coumarins were identified in the extract and three of them were also evaluated. A2780 cell line exhibited higher sensitivity against pyranocoumarins with IC50 values ranging from 32 to 47 μmol/l. 8-hydroxyxanthyletin (3) exerts an interesting effect on human topoisomerases I and II, by inhibiting the enzymes at concentrations comparable to those obtained in antiproliferative assay. Moreover, 8-hydroxyxanthyletin (3) arrests the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induces in A2780 cells a concentration-dependent increase in ROS levels. The results of molecular docking suggest the participation of the hydroxyl group in the interaction between 8-hydroxyxanthyletin (3) and topoisomerase I and II. CONCLUSION This is the first report that demonstrates the cytotoxic activity of the aqueous extract of B. alicastrum bark, and determines the main metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Barragán-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Carr. Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, Coquimatlán, Colima, 28400, Mexico; Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dalia M Sotelo-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Carr. Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, Coquimatlán, Colima, 28400, Mexico
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Hortensia Parra-Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Carr. Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, Coquimatlán, Colima, 28400, Mexico.
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Pharmacological Properties to Pharmacological Insight of Sesamin in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Literature-Based Review Study. Int J Breast Cancer 2022; 2022:2599689. [PMID: 35223101 PMCID: PMC8872699 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2599689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of dietary phytochemical rather than conventional therapies to treat numerous cancers is now a well-known approach in medical science. Easily available and less toxic dietary phytochemicals present in plants should be introduced in the list of phytochemical-based treatment areas. Sesamin, a natural phytochemical, may be a promising chemopreventive agent aiming to manage breast cancer. In this study, we discussed the pharmacological properties of sesamin that determine its therapeutics opportunity to be used in breast cancer treatment and other diseases. Sesamin is available in medicinal plants, especially in Sesamum indicum, and is easily metabolized by the liver. To better understand the antibreast cancer consequence of sesamin, we postulate some putative pathways related to the antibreast cancer mechanism: (1) regulation of estrogen receptor (ER-α and ER-β) activities, (2) suppressing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression, (3) growth factor receptor inhibition, and (4) some tyrosine kinase pathways. Targeting these pathways, sesamin can modulate cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cell growth and viability, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oncogene inactivation in various in vitro and animal models. Although the actual tumor intrinsic signaling mechanism targeted by sesamin in cancer treatment is still unknown, this review summarized that this phytoestrogen suppressed NF-κB, STAT, MAPK, and PIK/AKT signaling pathways and activated some tumor suppressor protein in numerous breast cancer models. Cotreatment with γ-tocotrienol, conventional drugs, and several drug carriers systems increased the anticancer potentiality of sesamin. Furthermore, sesamin exhibited promising pharmacokinetics properties with less toxicity in the bodies. Overall, the shreds of evidence highlight that sesamin can be a potent candidate to design drugs against breast cancer. So, like other phytochemicals, sesamin can be consumed for better therapeutic advantages due to having the ability to target a plethora of molecular pathways until clinically trialed standard drugs are not available in pharma markets.
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Fan X, Kong D, He S, Chen J, Jiang Y, Ma Z, Feng J, Yan H. Phenanthrene Derivatives from Asarum heterotropoides Showed Excellent Antibacterial Activity against Phytopathogenic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14520-14529. [PMID: 34813299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Asarum heterotropoides extracts showed strong antibacterial activity against selected phytopathogenic bacteria. Bioguided isolation was conducted to obtain 11 phenanthrene derivatives (1-11), 4 phenylpropanoids (12-15), a flavonoid (16), and a steroid (17), including a new phenanthrene derivative (1). In vitro bioassay results showed that phenanthrene derivatives are the main active components of A. heterotropoides extracts. The new compound aristoloxazine C (1) was found to exhibit outstanding antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae, Erwinia carolovora, Pseudomonas syringae, and Xanthomonas axonopodis, with MIC values of 0.05, 2.5, 2.5, 5, and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. These values were significantly higher than that of the positive control, streptomycin sulfate. Aristoloxazine C (1) also demonstrated an excellent control effect on tobacco bacterial wilt. Physiological and biochemical experiments combined with electron microscopy showed that the antibacterial activity of aristoloxazine C (1) was primarily related to the destruction of the bacterial cell wall structure. Thus, aristoloxazine C (1) may have the potential to be used as a template for the development of new bactericides or as a probe for the discovery of new antimicrobial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Fan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Kong
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shan He
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junzheng Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - He Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Alizadeh A, Farajpour B, Rezaiyehraad R, Khanpour M. When 4‐Chloro‐3‐vinyl Coumarins Meet Cyclic 1,3‐Diketones: Chemoselective and Unexpected Synthesis of Benzocoumarin Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolali Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175 Tehran Iran
| | - Behnaz Farajpour
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175 Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Rezaiyehraad
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175 Tehran Iran
| | - Mojtaba Khanpour
- Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175 Tehran Iran
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Okagu IU, Ndefo JC, Aham EC, Udenigwe CC. Zanthoxylum Species: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in Relation to Cancer, Infectious Diseases and Sickle Cell Anemia. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:713090. [PMID: 34603027 PMCID: PMC8479109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits and toxicity of plant products are largely dependent on their secondary metabolite contents. These compounds are biosynthesized by plants as protection mechanisms against environmental factors and infectious agents. This review discusses the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and health benefits of plant species in genus Zanthoxylum with a focus on cancer, microbial and parasitic infections, and sickle cell disease as reported in articles published from 1970 to 2021 in peer-reviewed journals and indexed in major scientific databases. Generally, Z. species are widely distributed in Asia, America and Africa, where they are used as food and for disease treatment. Several compounds belonging to alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and lignans, among others have been isolated from Z. species. This review discusses the biological activities reported for the plant species and their phytochemicals, including anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-trypanosomal, antimalarial and anti-sickling properties. The safety profiles and suggestions for conservation of the Z. species were also discussed. Taken together, this review demonstrates that Z. species are rich in a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals with multiple health benefits, but more research is needed towards their practical application in the development of functional foods, nutraceuticals and lead compounds for new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emmanuel Chigozie Aham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Karteek SD, Reddy AG, Tej MB, Rao MVB. Synthesis and Docking Study of Novel Pyranocoumarin Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants in Myanmar. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 114:135-251. [PMID: 33792861 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59444-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myanmar is a country with rich natural resources and of these, medicinal plants play a vital role in the primary health care of its population. The people of Myanmar have used their own system of traditional medicine inclusive of the use of medicinal plants for 2000 years. However, systematic and scientific studies have only recently begun to be reported. Researchers from Japan, Germany, and Korea have collaborated with researchers in Myanmar on medicinal plants since 2000. During the past two decades, over 50 publications have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Altogether, 433 phytoconstituents, including 147 new and 286 known compounds from 26 plant species consisting of 29 samples native to Myanmar, have been collated. In this contribution, phytochemical and biological investigations of these plants, including information on traditional knowledge are compiled and discussed.
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Xiong Y, Huang G, Yao Z, Zhao C, Zhu X, Wu Q, Zhou X, Li J. Screening Effective Antifungal Substances from the Bark and Leaves of Zanthoxylum avicennae by the Bioactivity-Guided Isolation Method. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234207. [PMID: 31756955 PMCID: PMC6930455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To find good antifungal substances by the bioactivity-guided isolation method, we tracked down the effective antifungal substances in the bark and leaves of Zanthoxylum avicennae, and isolated three antifungal compounds 1, 2, and 3. The structures were identified as xanthyletin, luvangetin, and avicennin by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS spectra. Particularly, compound 2 had several isomers, and the 1H-NMR spectra of 2 in different solvents showed a significant difference. To determine the stereo structure of 2, a single crystal was prepared and identified by X-ray diffraction as Luvangetin. Moreover, the difference of 1H-NMR data of 2 between in solvent dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (DMSO-d6) and deuterated chloroform (CDCl3), and other reported isomers were discussed for the first time. The bioassay results indicated that the three compounds 1, 2, and 3 displayed low to high antifungal activities against tested phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, all compounds 1, 2, and 3 showed excellent antifungal activities against Pyricularia oryzae and Z. avicennae, with the values of half maximal effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 31 to 61 mg/L, and compound 3 was also identified as a more potent inhibitor against Fusaium graminearum (EC50 = 43.26 ± 1.76 mg/L) compared with fungicide PCA (phenazine-1-carboxylic acid) (EC50 = 52.34 ± 1.53 mg/L). The results revealed that compounds 1, 2, and 3 were the main antifungal substances of Z. avicennae, and can be used as lead compounds of a fungicide, which has good development value and prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtong Xiong
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Guan Huang
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Zongli Yao
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - China Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Qinglai Wu
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-716-8066314 (Q.W.)
| | - Xudong Zhou
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-716-8066314 (Q.W.)
| | - Junkai Li
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.X.); (G.H.); (Z.Y.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-716-8066314 (Q.W.)
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Elmaidomy AH, Mohammed R, M Hassan H, I Owis A, E Rateb M, A Khanfar M, Krischke M, J Mueller M, Ramadan Abdelmohsen U. Metabolomic Profiling and Cytotoxic Tetrahydrofurofuran Lignans Investigations from Premna odorata Blanco. Metabolites 2019; 9:E223. [PMID: 31614908 PMCID: PMC6836009 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling of different Premna odorata Blanco (Lamiaceae) organs, bark, wood, young stems, flowers, and fruits dereplicated 20, 20, 10, 20, and 20 compounds, respectively, using LC-HRESIMS. The identified metabolites (1-34) belonged to different chemical classes, including iridoids, flavones, phenyl ethanoids, and lignans. A phytochemical investigation of P. odorata bark afforded one new tetrahydrofurofuran lignan, 4β-hydroxyasarinin 35, along with fourteen known compounds. The structure of the new compound was confirmed using extensive 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS analyses. A cytotoxic investigation of compounds 35-38 against the HL-60, HT-29, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, using the MTT assay showed that compound 35 had cytotoxic effects against HL-60 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 2.7 and 4.2 µg/mL, respectively. A pharmacophore map of compounds 35 showed two hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) aligning the phenoxy oxygen atoms of benzodioxole moieties, two aromatic ring features vectored on the two phenyl rings, one hydrogen bond donor (HBD) feature aligning the central hydroxyl group and thirteen exclusion spheres which limit the boundaries of sterically inaccessible regions of the target's active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Rabab Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Hossam M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa I Owis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Mohammad A Khanfar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, P.O Box 13140, Amman 11942, Jordan.
- College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Al Takhassusi Rd, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Markus Krischke
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
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Genome-wide transcriptome profiling of the medicinal plant Zanthoxylum planispinum using a single-molecule direct RNA sequencing approach. Genomics 2019; 111:973-979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Setzer WN. The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E121. [PMID: 30424560 PMCID: PMC6313439 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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(-)-Asarinin from the Roots of Asarum sieboldii Induces Apoptotic Cell Death via Caspase Activation in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081849. [PMID: 30044423 PMCID: PMC6222791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two tetrahydrofurofurano lignans (1 and 2), four phenylpropanoids (3–6), and two alkamides (7 and 8) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the roots of Asarum sieboldii. The chemical structures of the isolates were identified by analysis of spectroscopic data measurements, and by a comparison of their data with published values. The isolates (1, 2, 4–8) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and SKOV3) and immortalized ovarian surface epithelial cells (IOSE80PC) using a MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Of the isolates, (−)-asarinin (1) exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity to both A2780 and SKOV3 cells. A propidium iodide/annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (V-FITC) double staining assay showed that (−)-asarinin (1) induces apoptotic cell death in ovarian cancer cells. In addition, (−)-asarinin (1) increased the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in ovarian cancer cells. Pretreatment with caspase inhibitors attenuated the cell death induced by (−)-asarinin (1). In conclusion, our findings show that (−)-asarinin (1) from the roots of A. sieboldii may induce caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells.
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18
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Tetrahydrofuran lignans: Melanogenesis inhibitors from Premna integrifolia wood collected in Myanmar. Fitoterapia 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chen X, Jin X, Li Y, Chen G, Chen K, Kan J. Preparation and characterization of molecularly-imprinted polymers for extraction of sanshool acid amide compounds followed by their separation from pepper oil resin derived from Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum
). J Sep Sci 2017; 41:590-601. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Xinkai Jin
- College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Guangjing Chen
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Kewei Chen
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation; Ministry of Agriculture; Chongqing China
- Chinese- Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science; Chongqing China
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation; Ministry of Agriculture; Chongqing China
- Chinese- Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science; Chongqing China
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20
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Anticancer effects of O-aminoalkyl derivatives of alloxanthoxyletin and seselin. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1412-1424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kim SI, Ahn YJ. Larvicidal activity of lignans and alkaloid identified in Zanthoxylum piperitum bark toward insecticide-susceptible and wild Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:221. [PMID: 28472971 PMCID: PMC5418860 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and the common house mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens, transmit dengue fever and West Nile virus diseases, respectively. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of the three lignans (-)-asarinin, sesamin and (+)-xanthoxylol-γ,γ-dimethylallylether (XDA), and the alkaloid pellitorine from Zanthoxylum piperitum (Rutaceae) bark to third-instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible C. pipiens pallens and Ae. aegypti as well as wild C. pipiens pallens resistant to deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, fenthion, and temephos. METHODS The toxicities of all isolates were compared with those of mosquito larvicide temephos. LC50 values for each species and their treatments were significantly different from one another when their 95% confidence intervals did not overlap. RESULTS XDA was isolated from Z. piperitum as a new larvicidal principle. XDA (LC50, 0.27 and 0.24 mg/l) was 4, 53, and 144 times and 4, 100, and 117 times more toxic than pellitorine, sesamin, and asarinin toward larvae from susceptible C. pipiens pallens and Ae. aegypti, respectively. Overall, all the isolates were less toxic than temephos (LC50, 0.006 and 0.009 mg/l). These constituents did not differ in toxicity to larvae from the two Culex strains. The present finding indicates that the lignans and alkaloid and the insecticides do not share a common mode of larvicidal action or elicit cross-resistance. CONCLUSION Naturally occurring Z. piperitum bark-derived compounds, particularly XDA, merit further study as potential mosquito larval control agents or as lead compounds for the control of insecticide-resistant mosquito populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Il Kim
- NARESO R&D Center, Seoul National University Business Incubator, Suwon, 16614 South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
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22
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Su GY, Cheng YC, Wang KW, Wang XY, Wu B. An Unusual Tetrahydrofuran Lignan from the Roots of Zanthoxylum planispinum and the Potential Anti-inflammatory Effects. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27585089 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An unusual tetrahydrofuran lignin, zanthplanispine (1), together with 14 known lignans (2 - 15) were isolated from the AcOEt-soluble fraction from the MeOH extract of Z. planispinum roots. The structures of 1 was elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis. The known compounds were identified by the comparison of their NMR data with previously reported in the literatures. Bioassay showed that compounds 1 - 4 could inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In particular, compound 1 showed significant inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 36.8 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Su
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chun Cheng
- Library, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Kui-Wu Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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Han JH, Lee SG, Jung SH, Lee JJ, Park HS, Kim YH, Myung CS. Sesamin Inhibits PDGF-Mediated Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Upregulating p21 and p27. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:7317-7325. [PMID: 26244686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sesamin, an active ingredient of Asiasarum heterotropoides, is known to exhibit many bioactive functions, but the effect thereof on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation remains poorly understood. Hence, we explored the antiproliferative action of sesamin on VSMCs and the underlying mechanism thereof, focusing on possible effects of sesamin on cell cycle progression. Sesamin significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced VSMC proliferation (inhibition percentage at 1, 5, and 10 μM sesamin was 49.8 ± 22.0%, 74.6 ± 19.9%, and 87.8 ± 13.0%, respectively) in the absence of cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and PDGF-induced DNA synthesis; and arrested cell cycle progression in the G0/G1-to-S phase. Sesamin potently inhibited cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression, pRb phosphorylation, and expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA); and upregulated p27(KIP1), p21(CIP1), and p53. The results thus indicate that the antiproliferative effect of sesamin on PDGF-stimulated VSMCs is attributable to arrest of the cell cycle in G0/G1 caused, in turn, by upregulation of p27(KIP1), p21(CIP1), and p53, and inhibition of cyclin E-CDK2 and cyclin D1-CDK4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gil Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Singh TD, Meitei HT, Sharma AL, Robinson A, Singh LS, Singh TR. Anticancer properties and enhancement of therapeutic potential of cisplatin by leaf extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Biol Res 2015; 48:46. [PMID: 26290043 PMCID: PMC4545984 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-015-0037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical use of chemotherapeutic drug, cisplatin is limited by its toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, efforts continue for the discovery of novel combination therapies with cisplatin, to increase efficacy and reduce its toxicity. Here, we screened 16 medicinal plant extracts from Northeast part of India and found that leaf extract of Zanthoxylumarmatum DC. (ZALE) induced cytotoxicity as well as an effect on the increasing of the efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin, mitomycin C and camptothecin). This work shows detail molecular mechanism of anti-cancer activity of ZALE and its potential for combined treatment regimens to enhance the apoptotic response of chemotherapeutic drugs. Results ZALE induced cytotoxicity, nuclear blebbing and DNA fragmentation in HeLA cells suggesting apoptosis induction in human cervical cell line. However, the apoptosis induced was independent of caspase 3 activation and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Further, ZALE activated Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway as revealed by increased phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK), p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Inhibition of ERK activation but not p38 or JNK completely blocked the ZALE induced apoptosis suggesting an ERK dependent apoptosis. Moreover, ZALE generated DNA double strand breaks as suggested by the induction γH2AX foci formation. Interestingly, pretreatment of certain cancer cell lines with ZALE, sensitized the cancer cells to cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic drugs. Enhanced caspase activation was observed in the synergistic interaction among chemotherapeutic drugs and ZALE. Conclusion Purification and identification of the bio-active molecules from the ZALE or as a complementary treatment for a sequential treatment of ZALE with chemotherapeutic drugs might be a new challenger to open a new therapeutic window for the novel anti-cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40659-015-0037-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Asem Robinson
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, 795003, India.
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Abstract
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the root and stem of Zanthoxylum avicennae. Method: The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. Result: Fourteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract and identified as Avicennin (1), Xanthoxyletin (2), Luvangetin (3), Norchelerythrine (4), Diisobutyl phthalate (5), β-amyrin (6), Lupeol (7), Chelerythrine (8), Dictamine (9), γ-fagarine (10) and Skimmianine (11), Sesamin (12) Syringaresinol (13) and P-hydroxybenzoic acid (14). Conclusion: The compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12 and 14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
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27
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Li W, Sun YN, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kim EJ, Kang HK, Kim YH. Coumarins and lignans from Zanthoxylum schinifolium and their anticancer activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10730-10740. [PMID: 24144361 DOI: 10.1021/jf403479c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum schinifolium is an aromatic shrub, and its pericarp and leaves are widely used in culinary applications in East Asian countries. It has also long been used in traditional Oriental medicine for treating the common cold, stomach ache, diarrhea, and jaundice. In this study, we identified two new compounds, zanthoxyloside (1) and schinifolisatin A (13), along with 23 known coumarins (2-12) and lignans (14-25), from a methanol extract of the stems of Z. schinifolium . The chemical structures of the compounds were determined by mass, 1D-, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The anticancer effects of the isolated compounds were examined in three human cancer cell lines. Compounds 10-12 significantly reduced the proliferation of HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells with IC50 values of 4.62-5.12 μM. Treatment of PC-3 prostate cancer cells and SNU-C5 colorectal cancer cells with compound 10 resulted in potent antiproliferative activity, with IC50 values of 4.39 and 6.26 μM, respectively. Also, compounds 10-12 induced the apoptosis of three cancer cells. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis was accompanied by down-regulation of p-ERK1/2 MAPK, p-AKT, and c-myc levels, in a time-dependent manner. These data suggested that compounds 10-12 from Z. schinifolium have potential in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Antitumor compound identification from Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil based on composition-activity relationship. Chem Res Chin Univ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-013-3223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ramasamy D, Saraswathy A. Vitiquinolone--a quinolone alkaloid from Hibiscus vitifolius Linn. Food Chem 2013; 145:970-5. [PMID: 24128571 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigations of the powdered root of Hibiscus vitifolius Linn. (Malvaceae) was extracted successively with n-hexane and chloroform. Analysis of the n-hexane extract by GC-MS led to the identification of twenty-six components by comparison of their mass spectra with GC-MS library data. A novel quinolone alkaloid, vitiquinolone (5) together with eight known compounds viz. β-Amyrin acetate (1), n-octacosanol (2), β-Amyrin (3), stigmasterol (4), xanthyletin (6), alloxanthoxyletin (7), xanthoxyletin (8) and betulinic acid (9) were isolated from chloroform extract by column chromatography over silica gel. The structure of vitiquinolone was established on the basis of spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, 1D, 2D NMR and ESI-MS. The known compounds were identified on the basis of their physical and spectroscopic data as reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ramasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Royapuram, Chennai 600 013, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bagdi AK, Majee A, Hajra A. Regioselective synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c]coumarins via Cu(II)-catalyzed tandem reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Wang HM, Cheng KC, Lin CJ, Hsu SW, Fang WC, Hsu TF, Chiu CC, Chang HW, Hsu CH, Lee AYL. Obtusilactone A and (-)-sesamin induce apoptosis in human lung cancer cells by inhibiting mitochondrial Lon protease and activating DNA damage checkpoints. Cancer Sci 2010; 101:2612-20. [PMID: 21077998 PMCID: PMC11158771 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several compounds from Cinnamomum kotoense show anticancer activities. However, the detailed mechanisms of most compounds from C. kotoense remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of obtusilactone A (OA) and (-)-sesamin in lung cancer. Our results show that human Lon is upregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, and downregulation of Lon triggers caspase-3 mediated apoptosis. Through enzyme-based screening, we identified two small-molecule compounds, obtusilactone A (OA) and (-)-sesamin from C. kotoense, as potent Lon protease inhibitors. Obtusilactone A and (-)-sesamin interact with Ser855 and Lys898 residues in the active site of the Lon protease according to molecular docking analysis. Thus, we suggest that cancer cytotoxicity of the compounds is partly due to the inhibitory effects on Lon protease. In addition, the compounds are able to cause DNA double-strand breaks and activate checkpoints. Treatment with OA and (-)-sesamin induced p53-independent DNA damage responses in NSCLC cells, including G(1) /S checkpoint activation and apoptosis, as evidenced by phosphorylation of checkpoint proteins (H2AX, Nbs1, and Chk2), caspase-3 cleavage, and sub-G(1) accumulation. In conclusion, OA and (-)-sesamin act as both inhibitors of human mitochondrial Lon protease and DNA damage agents to activate the DNA damage checkpoints as well induce apoptosis in NSCLC cells. These dual functions open a bright avenue to develop more selective chemotherapy agents to overcome chemoresistance and sensitize cancer cells to other chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Perumalsamy H, Chang KS, Park C, Ahn YJ. Larvicidal activity of Asarum heterotropoides root constituents against insecticide-susceptible and -resistant Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus togoi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:10001-10006. [PMID: 20806890 DOI: 10.1021/jf102193k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the toxicity of (-)-asarinin, α-asarone, methyleugenol, pellitorine, and pentadecane identified in Asarum heterotropoides root to third instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible Culex pipiens pallens (KS-CP strain), Aedes aegypti, and Ochlerotatus togoi as well as field-collected C. p. pallens (DJ-CP colony), identified by polymerase chain reaction. Results were compared with those of two conventional mosquito larvicides: fenthion and temephos. Pellitorine (LC50, 2.08, 2.33, and 2.38 ppm) was 5.5, 10.8, and 25.6 times, 4.5, 11.6, and 24.7 times, and 6.9, 11.1, and 24.6 times more toxic than (-)-asarinin, α-asarone, and methyleugenol against susceptible C. p. pallens, A. aegypti, and O. togoi larvae, respectively. Pentadecane was least toxic. Overall, all the compounds were less toxic than either fenthion or temephos. However, these compounds did not differ in toxicity against larvae from the two Culex strains, even though the DJ-CP larvae exhibited high levels of resistance to fenthion (resistance ratio (RR), 1179), chlorpyrifos (RR, 1174), fenitrothion (RR, 428), deltamethrin (RR, 316), chlorfenapyr (RR, 225), and α-cypermethrin (RR, 94). This finding indicates that the isolated compounds and the pyrethroid, organophosphorus, and pyrrole insecticides do not share a common mode of action or elicit cross-resistance. A. heterotropoides root-derived materials, particularly (-)-asarinin and pellitorine, merit further study as potential mosquito larvicides for the control of insecticide-resistant mosquito populations in light of global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic insecticides in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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Harikumar KB, Sung B, Tharakan ST, Pandey MK, Joy B, Guha S, Krishnan S, Aggarwal BB. Sesamin manifests chemopreventive effects through the suppression of NF-kappa B-regulated cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenic gene products. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:751-61. [PMID: 20460401 PMCID: PMC2895997 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Agents that are safe, affordable, and efficacious are urgently needed for the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer. Sesamin, a lipid-soluble lignan, is one such agent that belongs to a class of phytoestrogens, isolated from sesame (Sesamum indicum), and has been linked with prevention of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and carcinogenesis through an unknown mechanism. Because the transcription factor NF-kappaB has been associated with inflammation, carcinogenesis, tumor cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of cancer, we postulated that sesamin might mediate its effect through the modulation of the NF-kappaB pathway. We found that sesamin inhibited the proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells including leukemia, multiple myeloma, and cancers of the colon, prostate, breast, pancreas, and lung. Sesamin also potentiated tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis and this correlated with the suppression of gene products linked to cell survival (e.g., Bcl-2 and survivin), proliferation (e.g., cyclin D1), inflammation (e.g., cyclooxygenase-2), invasion (e.g., matrix metalloproteinase-9, intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and angiogenesis (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor). Sesamin downregulated constitutive and inducible NF-kappaB activation induced by various inflammatory stimuli and carcinogens, and inhibited the degradation of IkappaBalpha, the inhibitor of NF-kappaB, through the suppression of phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and inhibition of activation of IkappaBalpha protein kinase, thus resulting in the suppression of p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and NF-kappaB-mediated reporter gene transcription. The inhibition of IkappaBalpha protein kinase activation was found to be mediated through the inhibition of TAK1 kinase. Overall, our results showed that sesamin may have potential against cancer and other chronic diseases through the suppression of a pathway linked to the NF-kappaB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Bokyung Sung
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Sheeja T. Tharakan
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Manoj K. Pandey
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Beena Joy
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, 695019
| | - Sushovan Guha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, 77030
- Address correspondence to: Bharat B. Aggarwal, PhD, Phone: 713-794-1817;
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Rangkaew N, Suttisri R, Moriyasu M, Kawanishi K. A new acyclic diterpene acid and bioactive compounds from Knema glauca. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:685-92. [PMID: 19471882 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the chemical constituents of the fruits of Knema glauca (Myristicaceae) yielded a new acyclic diterpene acid, named glaucaic acid 4, together with four acylphenols, including 1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl) tetradecan-1-one 1, malabaricone A 6, dodecanoylphloroglucinol 7 and 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-9-phenylnonan-1-one 8, two lignans sesamin 2 and asarinin 3, and a flavan, myristinin D 5. In addition, myristinin A 9 and (+/-)-7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavan 10 were isolated from its leaves and stems, respectively. When tested against small-cell lung cancer (NCI-H187), epidermoid carcinoma (KB) and breast cancer (BC) cell lines, compounds 1, 6-8 and 10 displayed weak to moderate cytotoxicity. The acylphenols 6-8 displayed antituberculosis activity against the microbe Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC values of 25, 50 and 100 microg/mL, respectively, and antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1, with 7 as the most active compound (IC(50) = 3.05 microg/mL). Malabaricone A 6 was also active against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum with an IC(50) value of 2.78 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppadon Rangkaew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Page PCB, Appleby LF, Day D, Chan Y, Buckley BR, Allin SM, McKenzie MJ. Highly Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-(3′S)-Lomatin and (+)-(3′S,4′R)-trans-Khellactone. Org Lett 2009; 11:1991-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol900444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip C. Bulman Page
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - Louise F. Appleby
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - David Day
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - Yohan Chan
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - Benjamin R. Buckley
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - Steven M. Allin
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
| | - Michael J. McKenzie
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K., School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K., and Charnwood Molecular Ltd, The Heritage Building, 7 Beaumont Court, Prince William Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5GA, U.K
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Hale BW, Alsum EM, Adams MS. Changes in The Floodplain Forest Vegetation of The Lower Wisconsin River Over The Last Fifty Years. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2008. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031(2008)160[454:citffv]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nakamura T, Kodama N, Arai Y, Kumamoto T, Higuchi Y, Chaichantipyuth C, Ishikawa T, Ueno K, Yano S. Inhibitory effect of oxycoumarins isolated from the Thai medicinal plant Clausena guillauminii on the inflammation mediators, iNOS, TNF-α, and COX-2 expression in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7. J Nat Med 2008; 63:21-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-008-0277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Koo JY, Jang Y, Cho H, Lee CH, Jang KH, Chang YH, Shin J, Oh U. Hydroxy-alpha-sanshool activates TRPV1 and TRPA1 in sensory neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 26:1139-47. [PMID: 17767493 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sanshools are major active ingredients of Zanthoxylum piperitum and are used as food additives in East Asia. Sanshools cause irritant, tingling and sometimes paresthetic sensations on the tongue. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the pungent or tingling sensation induced by sanshools is not known. Because many transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are responsible for the sensations induced by various spices and food additives, we expressed 17 TRP channels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and investigated their activation by hydroxy-alpha-sanshool (HalphaSS) or hydroxy-beta-sanshool (HbetaSS) isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum. It was found that HalphaSS, but not HbetaSS, depolarized sensory neurons with concomitant firing of action potentials and evoked inward currents. Among 17 TRP channels expressed in HEK cells, HalphaSS caused Ca(2+) influx in cells transfected with TRPV1 or TRPA1, and evoked robust inward currents in cells transfected with TRPV1 or TRPA1. In primary cultured sensory neurons, HalphaSS induced inward currents and Ca(2+) influx in a capsazepine-dependent manner. Moreover, HalphaSS-induced currents and Ca(2+) influx were greatly diminished in TRPV1(-/-) mice. HalphaSS evoked licking behavior when injected into a single hind paw of wild-type mice, but this was much reduced in TRPV1-deficient mice. These results indicate that TRPV1 and TRPA1 are molecular targets of HalphaSS in sensory neurons. We conclude that the activations of TRPV1 and TRPA1 by HalphaSS explain its unique pungent, tingling sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Koo
- The Sensory Research Center, Creative Research Initiatives, Seoul National University, College of Pharmacy, Gwanak, Shinlim-9 Dong Seoul, 151-742, Korea
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Yokota T, Matsuzaki Y, Koyama M, Hitomi T, Kawanaka M, Enoki-Konishi M, Okuyama Y, Takayasu J, Nishino H, Nishikawa A, Osawa T, Sakai T. Sesamin, a lignan of sesame, down-regulates cyclin D1 protein expression in human tumor cells. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1447-53. [PMID: 17640297 PMCID: PMC11159746 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamin is a major lignan constituent of sesame and possesses multiple functions such as antihypertensive, cholesterol-lowering, lipid-lowering and anticancer activities. Several groups have previously reported that sesamin induces growth inhibition in human cancer cells. However, the nature of this growth inhibitory mechanism remains unknown. The authors here report that sesamin induces growth arrest at the G1 phase in cell cycle progression in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Furthermore, sesamin dephosphorylates tumor-suppressor retinoblastoma protein (RB). It is also shown that inhibition of MCF-7 cell proliferation by sesamin is correlated with down-regulated cyclin D1 protein expression, a proto-oncogene that is overexpressed in many human cancer cells. It was found that sesamin-induced down-regulation of cyclin D1 was inhibited by proteasome inhibitors, suggesting that sesamin suppresses cyclin D1 protein expression by promoting proteasome degradation of cyclin D1 protein. Sesamin down-regulates cyclin D1 protein expression in various kinds of human tumor cells, including lung cancer, transformed renal cells, immortalized keratinocyte, melanoma and osteosarcoma. Furthermore, depletion of cyclin D1 protein using small interfering RNA rendered MCF-7 cells insensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of sesamin, implicating that cyclin D1 is at least partially related to the antiproliferative effects of sesamin. Taken together, these results suggest that the ability of sesamin to down-regulate cyclin D1 protein expression through the activation of proteasome degradation could be one of the mechanisms of the antiproliferative activity of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Yokota
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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da Silva SL, Figueiredo PMS, Yano T. Chemotherapeutic potential of the volatile oils from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam leaves. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 576:180-8. [PMID: 17716654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the anti-tumor properties of the volatile oil from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam leaves and some terpenes (alpha-humulene, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene) were investigated in vitro and in vivo using the Ehrlich ascites tumor model. Treatment of Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice with 20 mg/kg of the volatile oil and beta-caryophyllene for 4 days has significantly increased survival, whereas administration of alpha-humulene, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene were ineffective in affording protection. Volatile oil and beta-caryophyllene exhibited little direct activity against Ehrlich tumor cells in vitro, while alpha-humulene, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene did not such activity. Investigation of the effects of the volatile oil (and terpenes) treatment on total natural killer cells (NK cell) activity from tumor-bearing mice as a possible mechanism of these compounds in vivo revealed that volatile oil and beta-caryophyllene significantly improved NK cell cytotoxicity against YAC-1, a Moloney virus-induced mouse T-cell lymphoma of A/SN origin and Ehrlich ascites cells. As expected, tumor growth in non-treated mice markedly suppressed NK cell cytolysis while the volatile oil and beta-caryophyllene reversed this effect when mice were treated with 20-mg/kg dosages of these compounds for 4 days. Summing up, volatile oil exhibits anti-tumor efficacy and significative immunomodulatory action in vivo, which may be related to beta-caryophyllene associated to the synergism of other natural compounds presented in volatile oil from Z. rhoifolium Lam leaves.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Oils, Volatile/pharmacokinetics
- Oils, Volatile/pharmacology
- Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use
- Plant Leaves/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Terpenes/blood
- Terpenes/pharmacology
- Terpenes/therapeutic use
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Zanthoxylum/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo L da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Amazônas, UFAM, 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
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Peñalvo JL, Heinonen SM, Aura AM, Adlercreutz H. Dietary Sesamin Is Converted to Enterolactone in Humans. J Nutr 2005; 135:1056-62. [PMID: 15867281 DOI: 10.1093/jn/135.5.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamin, a major sesame seed lignan, has many biological actions. The specific mechanisms for most of these actions as well as the full metabolic pathway of sesamin in humans are unclear. Two experiments were carried out to determine whether postprandial plasma enterolactone is related to sesamin concentration in sesame seeds and whether enterolactone is the major product of the in vitro fermentation of sesamin. Four subjects (3 women, 1 man) were given a single dose of sesame seeds after they consumed a low-lignan diet for 1 wk. Blood was collected at baseline and at time intervals after intake and plasma was analyzed for plant and mammalian lignan concentrations. Additionally, pure sesamin standard was incubated in vitro with human fecal inoculum to mimic the fermentation process in human gut. We calculated individual pharmacokinetic variables and found high interindividual variation in the plasma plant lignan concentrations. The mammalian lignan appearance rate in plasma shows that sesamin is a major precursor of enterolactone in vivo. In the in vitro experiment, enterolactone was the major metabolite and 3 intermediates were identified, allowing the elucidation of sesamin metabolism in humans. Enterolactone was the major metabolite of sesamin both in vivo and in vitro. The abundance of sesamin in sesame seeds indicates that they are a major food source of enterolactone precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Peñalvo
- Institute for Preventive Medicine, Nutrition, and Cancer, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Bafi-Yeboa NFA, Arnason JT, Baker J, Smith ML. Antifungal constituents of northern prickly ash, Zanthoxylum americanum mill. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 12:370-7. [PMID: 15957372 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Leaf, fruit, stem, bark and root of Zanthoxylum americanum were investigated for antifungal activity with 11 strains of fungi representing diverse opportunistic and systemic pathogens, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus. All extracts demonstrated a broad spectrum of antifungal activity and inhibited at least eight fungal species in a disk diffusion assay (600 microg/disk). Antifungal activity was light-dependent, with fruit and leaf extracts most active in general. The presence of light-mediated compounds, such as psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen and imperatorin in extracts of different organs was confirmed by RP-HPLC. A high furanocoumarin content was detected in fruit and leaf and low furanocoumarin levels were found in bark and wood. A high positive correlation was observed between total furanocoumarin content and fungal inhibition zones (r2=0.902, p<0.001). The results provide a phytochemical basis for the very widespread use of Z. americanum in indigenous North American ethnomedical tradition for conditions that may be related to fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F A Bafi-Yeboa
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1N 6N5
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Abstract
The Goodeniaceae family contributes some of the more spectacular wildflowers found on the Australian continent. The bright and vibrant colours that characterise members of the family has attracted much horticultural interest. A number of species have traditionally been used for medicinal purposes by indigenous communities, and the phytochemistry of some has been investigated. These aspects are considered in this review to determine correspondence between the reputed medicinal effects and the bioactivity of the secondary metabolites produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio L Ghisalberti
- Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
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