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Dang YY, Liu T, Liu YD, Li JY, Jing Y, Yang MJ, Zhang H, Jiang MM, Wu HH, Yang WZ, Li N, Zhang P. Anti-photoaging activity of triterpenoids isolated from Centella asiatica. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 228:114246. [PMID: 39163914 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is a medical plant rich in triterpenoids, frequently used in Asia to treat skin conditions such as acne. To search for anti-photoaging agents, 16 known triterpenoids and five undescribed triterpenoids, including three ursane, one oleanane and one nor-ursane were isolated from the whole herb of C. asiatica. The structures and relative stereochemistry of these compounds were elucidated by detailed NMR spectra and HRESIMS. Compounds 1 and 2 were isomers of ursane-type and oleane-type triterpenes with rare aldehyde groups on C-23. Compound 4 was a unique example of a nor-ursane type triterpenoid. The Ultraviolet B (UVB) induced HaCaT cell damage model was used to measure the in vitro anti-photoaging activity of all 21 compounds. Twenty compounds significantly increased HaCaT viability and inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after UVB exposure. These findings highlight the protective effects of C. asiatica-derived triterpenoids against UVB damage and indicate their potential as natural agents that can protect the skin against photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Dang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yu-Die Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Jing
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miao-Jie Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miao-Miao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Khursheed T, Khalil AA, Akhtar MN, Khalid A, Tariq MR, Alsulami T, Mugabi R, Nayik GA. Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of phenolics, flavonoids, and major triterpenoids from Centella asiatica leaves: A comparative study. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 111:107091. [PMID: 39368412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Centella asiatica has been known for its significant medicinal properties due to abundance of bioactive constituents like triterpenoids and flavonoids. Nevertheless, an appropriate solvent system and extraction technique is still lacking to ensure optimized extraction of bioactive constituents present in C. asiatica. Recently, scientists are more focused towards application of green sustainable extraction techniques for the valuable components from plant matrix owing to their eco-friendly and safe nature. Among these, ultrasonication (US) is known as a valuable strategy for separation of bioactive components from medicinal plants. Hence, current research was performed to observe the effect of ultrasonication in the presence of five different solvents (Water, Hexane, Methanol, Chloroform, and Ethyl acetate) on total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant properties (DPPH, ABTS, Nitric oxide radical activity, and Superoxide anion assay), and four major triterpenoid contents in C. asiatica leaves. Herein, ultrasound assisted methanolic extract (UAME) possessed maximum amount of TPC (129.54 mg GAE/g), TFC (308.31 mg QE/g), and antioxidant properties (DPPH: 82.21 % & FRAP: 45.98 µmol TE/g) followed by ultrasound-assisted Water extract (UAWE), ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract (UAEAE), ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extract (UAHE), and ultrasound-assisted chloroform extract (UACE), respectively. Moreover, the superoxide radical and nitric oxide assays depicted a similar trend, revealing the highest percent inhibition for UAME (SO: 83.47 % & NO: 66.76 %) however, the lowest inhibition was displayed by UACE (63.22 % & 50.21 %), respectively. Highest content of major terpenoids were found in UAME of C. asiatica leaves as madecassoside (8.21 mg/g) followed by asiaticoside (7.82 mg/g), madecassic acid (4.44 mg/g), and asiatic acid (3.38 mg/g). Ultrasound-assisted extraction technique can be an efficient extraction method for bioactive compounds present in C. asiatica. However, ultrasonication along with methanol as an extraction solvent can surely enhance the extraction of valuable constituents. The results of this study provide an insight into major terpenoids, and antioxidants present in extracts of C. asiatica, implicating its use in ancient medicine systems and future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Khursheed
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahood Khalid
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Tariq
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tawfiq Alsulami
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Mugabi
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Marwadi University Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, India.
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Pillai ARS, Bhosale YK, Roy S. Extraction of Bioactive Compounds From Centella asiatica and Enlightenment of Its Utilization Into Food Packaging: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:1249553. [PMID: 39363888 PMCID: PMC11449555 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1249553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Centella asiatica is a medicinal herb, well known for its phytochemical activities because of the presence of terpenoids and polyphenols, which contribute to the bioactivity of herb extract that can be effectively utilized in the packaging industry. Biopolymers infused with C. asiatica extract could be a promising solution in the food sector. The antibacterial and antioxidant qualities of C. asiatica can help preserve the quality and lengthen the freshness of food products, thereby preventing food loss. Selection of a suitable extraction method is essential to retain the yield and properties of the bioactive compounds of C. asiatica extract. Many research has been conducted on the separation of C. asiatica by using conventional and novel extraction techniques and its execution in packaging as a functional component. This review provides an overview of the extraction of phytochemicals from C. asiatica and its utilization in biopolymer film as an active component to modify the packaging film characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira R. S. Pillai
- Department of Food Technology and NutritionSchool of AgricultureLovely Professional University 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Yuvraj Khasherao Bhosale
- Agricultural and Food Engineering DepartmentIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarup Roy
- Department of Food Technology and NutritionSchool of AgricultureLovely Professional University 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Gao G, Jiang H, Lin H, Yang H, Wang K. Asiaticoside ameliorates uterine injury induced by zearalenone in mice by reversing endometrial barrier disruption, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:118. [PMID: 39272165 PMCID: PMC11395188 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi that has been shown to have adverse effects on human and animal health, particularly on the fertility of females. As a saponin derived from the medicinal plant Centella asiatica, asiaticoside (AS) has multiple bioactivities. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of AS on ZEA-induced uterine injury and the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we demonstrated that AS could rescue ZEA-induced uterine histopathological damage and modulate the secretion of sex hormones, including progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), in ZEA-treated mice. Moreover, AS alleviated ZEA-induced damage to endometrial barrier function by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-3). Further mechanistic investigations indicated that ZEA reduces the antioxidant capacity of uterine tissues, whereas AS improves the antioxidant capacity through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Most notably, the protective effect of AS was blocked in Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice. Moreover, the p38/ERK MAPK pathway has been implicated in regulating ZEA toxicity and the beneficial effect of AS. Additionally, an Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) weaken the suppressive effect of AS on the oxidative stress and MAPK pathway. AS also inhibits ZEA-induced apoptosis in uterine tissues via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. However, when the PI3K small molecule inhibitor LY294002 was co-administered, the ability of AS to suppress the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and inhibit ZEA-induced apoptosis decreased. Collectively, these findings reveal the involvement of multiple pathways and targets in the protective effect of AS against ZEA-induced uterine injury, providing a new perspective for the application of AS and the development of a ZEA antidote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Erdao District, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongyang Jiang
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Erdao District, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Outpatient Department of Aviation, University of Air Force, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongfeng Yang
- Health Management Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Erdao District, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Erdao District, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Kim Y, Lee JH, Ha J, Cho EG. Isolation, genomic analysis and functional characterization of Enterococcus rotai CMTB-CA6, a putative probiotic strain isolated from a medicinal plant Centella asiatica. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1452127. [PMID: 39323893 PMCID: PMC11423741 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1452127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics and their derivatives offer significant health benefits by supporting digestive health, boosting the immune system, and regulating the microbiomes not only of the internal gastrointestinal track but also of the skin. To be effective, probiotics and their derivatives must exhibit robust antimicrobial activity, resilience to adverse conditions, and colonization capabilities in host tissues. As an alternative to animal-derived probiotics, plant-derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present promising advantages, including enhanced diversity and tolerance to challenging environments. Our study focuses on exploring the potential of plant-derived LAB, particularly from the medicinal plant Centella asiatica, in improving skin conditions. Through a bacterial isolation procedure from C. asiatica leaves, Enterococcus rotai CMTB-CA6 was identified via 16S rRNA sequencing, whole genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses. Based on genomic analysis, antimicrobial-resistance and virulence genes were not detected. Additionally, the potential functions of E. rotai CMTB-CA6 were characterized by its lysates' ability to regulate skin microbes, such as stimulating the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis while inhibiting that of Cutibacterium acnes, to restore the viability of human dermal fibroblasts under inflammatory conditions, and to demonstrate effective antioxidant activities both in a cell-free system and in human dermal fibroblasts. Our investigation revealed the efficacy of E. rotai CMTB-CA6 lysates in improving skin conditions, suggesting its potential use as a probiotic-derived agent for skin care products. Considering the ecological relationship between plant-inhabited bacteria and their host plants, we suggest that the utilization of E. rotai CMTB-CA6 strain for fermenting its host plant, C. asiatica, could be a novel approach to efficiently enriching bioactive molecules for human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsik Kim
- Consumer Health 2 Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Lee
- Consumer Health 2 Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimyeong Ha
- Consumer Health 1 Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Gyung Cho
- Consumer Health 2 Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- H&B Science Center, CHA Meditech Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
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Gayathri K, Abhinand P, Gayathri V, Prasanna Lakshmi V, Chamundeeswari D, Jiang L, Tian Z, Malathi N. Computational analysis of phytocompounds in Centella asiatica for its antifibrotic and drug-likeness properties - Herb to drug study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33762. [PMID: 39027607 PMCID: PMC11255509 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with no permanent cure that affects the quality of life due to trismus. Computational pharmacology has accelerated the discovery of drug candidates for the treatment of incurable diseases. The present study aimed to screen the compounds of the miracle herb Centella asiatica with drug-likeness properties based on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. The pharmacological actions of these screened compounds against OSMF were identified by network pharmacology, gene ontology, pathway enrichment analysis, molecular docking, and simulation. Fifteen drug-like ligands were identified after virtual screening viz; asiatic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, bayogenin, gallic acid, isothankunic acid, madecassic acid, madasiatic acid, arjunolic acid, terminolic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and nobiletin. 850 potential targets were predicted for the ligands, which were analyzed against 354 proteins associated with OSMF. Compound pathway analysis and disease pathway analysis identified 53 common proteins. The GO enrichment analysis identified 472 biological process terms, 76 molecular function terms, and 44 cellular component terms. Pathway enrichment analysis predicted 142 KEGG pathways, 35 Biocarta pathways, and 236 Reactome pathways for the target proteins. The analysis revealed that the herb targets crucial events of fibrosis such as inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, collagen deposition, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The common 53 proteins were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, which revealed 4 key proteins interacting with the phytocompounds viz; transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), mothers against decapentaplegic-3 (SMAD-3), mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 (MAPK-1) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC). Molecular docking revealed that all ligands had a good binding affinity to the target proteins. Bayogenin had the highest binding affinity towards MAPK-1 (-9.7 kcal/mol), followed by isothankunic acid towards SRC protein (-9.3 kcal/mol). Madasiatic acid had the highest binding affinity to SMAD-3 (-7.6 kcal/mol) and TGF-β1 (-7.1 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated stable ligand protein interactions of bayogenin and MAPK complex, isothankunic acid and SRC complex. This in silico study is the first to identify potential phytochemicals present in Centella asiatica and their target molecules, which might be responsible for reversing OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Gayathri
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - P.A. Abhinand
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - V. Gayathri
- Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - V. Prasanna Lakshmi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - D. Chamundeeswari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Oral Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - N. Malathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
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Rowe K, Gray NE, Zweig JA, Law A, Techen N, Maier CS, Soumyanath A, Kretzschmar D. Centella asiatica and its caffeoylquinic acid and triterpene constituents increase dendritic arborization of mouse primary hippocampal neurons and improve age-related locomotion deficits in Drosophila. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1374905. [PMID: 39055970 PMCID: PMC11269084 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1374905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Centella asiatica (CA) is known in Ayurvedic medicine as a rejuvenating herb with particular benefits in the nervous system. Two groups of specialized metabolites found in CA and purported to contribute to its beneficial effects are triterpenes (TTs) and caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs). In order to evaluate the role and interactions of TTs and CQAs in the effects of CA, we examined the neurotrophic effects of a water extract of CA (CAW) and combinations of its TT and CQA components in mouse primary hippocampal neurons in vitro and in Drosophila melanogaster flies in vivo. Methods Primary hippocampal neurons were isolated from mouse embryos and exposed in vitro for 5 days to CAW (50 μg/mL), mixtures of TTs, CQAs or TT + CQA components or to 4 TTs or 8 individual CQA compounds of CAW. Dendritic arborization was evaluated using Sholl analysis. Drosophila flies were aged to 28 days and treated for 2 weeks with CAW (10 mg/mL) in the food, mixtures of TTs, CQAs or TT + CQA and individual TT and CQA compounds. TTs and CQAs were tested at concentrations matching their levels in the CAW treatment used. After 2 weeks of treatment, Drosophila aged 42 days were evaluated for phototaxis responses. Results In mouse primary hippocampal neurons, CAW (50 μg/mL), the TT mix, CQA mix, all individual TTs and most CQAs significantly increased dendritic arborization to greater than control levels. However, the TT + CQA combination significantly decreased dendritic arborization. In Drosophila, a marked age-related decline in fast phototaxis response was observed in both males and females over a 60 days period. However, resilience to this decline was afforded in both male and female flies by treatment from 28 days onwards with CAW (10 mg/mL), or equivalent concentrations of mixed TTs, mixed CQAs and a TT + CQA mix. Of all the individual compounds, only 1,5-diCQA slowed age-related decline in phototaxis in male and female flies. Discussion This study confirmed the ability of CAW to increase mouse neuronal dendritic arborization, and to provide resilience to age-related neurological decline in Drosophila. The TT and CQA components both contribute to these effects but do not have a synergistic effect. While individual TTs and most individual CQAs increased dendritic arborization at CAW equivalent concentrations, in the Drosophila model, only 1,5-diCQA was able to slow down the age-related decline in phototaxis. This suggests that combinations (or potentially higher concentrations) of the other compounds are needed to provide resilience in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karon Rowe
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nora E. Gray
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Zweig
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alexander Law
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Natascha Techen
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Amala Soumyanath
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Doris Kretzschmar
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Zhang W, Zhao S, Guan Q, Li P, Fan Y. Enhancing Chronic Wound Healing through Engineering Mg 2+-Coordinated Asiatic Acid/Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8238-8249. [PMID: 38345938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Infectious chronic wounds have gradually become a major clinical problem due to their high prevalence and poor treatment outcomes. The urgent need for wound dressings with immune modulatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic properties has led to the development of innovative solutions. Asiatic acid (AA), derived from herbs, has demonstrated excellent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effects, making it a promising candidate for incorporation into hydrogel carriers for wound healing. However, there is currently no available report on AA-based self-assembled hydrogels. Here, a novel hybrid hydrogel dressing consists of interpenetrating polymer networks composed of self-assembled magnesium ion (Mg2+) coordinated asiatic acid (AA-Mg) and bacterial cellulose (BC) is developed to promote infected chronic wound healing. A natural carrier-free self-assembled AA-Mg hydrogel with good injectable and self-healing properties could maintain the sustained release of AA and Mg2+ over an extended period. Notably, the introduction of Mg2+ boosted some pharmacological effects of self-assembled hydrogels due to its excellent anti-inflammatory and angiogenesis. In vitro studies confirmed the exceptional biocompatibility, antibacterial efficacy, and anti-inflammatory potential of the AA-Mg/BC hybrid hydrogel, which also exhibited a commendable mechanical strength. Furthermore, in vivo biological results displayed that the hybrid hydrogel significantly accelerated the wound healing process by boosting dense and organized collagen deposition and the granulation tissue and benefiting revascularization. The introduced self-assembled AA-Mg-based hydrogel offers a promising solution for the effective management of chronic wounds. This universal strategy for the preparation of self-assembled hydrogels modulated with bioactive divalent metal ions is able to excavate more herbal small molecules to construct new self-assembled biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centerfor Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shubi Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, No. 3046 Shennan East Road, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Qifeng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centerfor Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centerfor Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centerfor Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Medical Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
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Kamol P, Nukool W, Pumjaroen S, Inthima P, Kongbangkerd A, Suphrom N, Buddhachat K. Harnessing postharvest light emitting diode (LED) technology of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. to improve centelloside content by up-regulating gene expressions in the triterpenoid pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23639. [PMID: 38192854 PMCID: PMC10772125 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. has wound healing, anti-inflammatory, cognitive improvement, and neuroprotective properties which have been attributed to its centelloside content. However, the quantities of these bioactive compounds are limited and vary due to genetic and environmental factors. Light qualities are known to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in several plant species, both preharvest and postharvest. In this study, fresh leaves of C. asiatica were subjected to different light emitting diode (LED) quality including white, dark, red, blue, and green to assess centelloside content, phytochemical constituents, and transcription level expression of triterpenoid biosynthesis genes. Results showed that white and blue LEDs significantly increased centelloside content in C. asiatica leaves at 3 days postharvest (dph) by 73 % over the control group at 0 dph. Blue LEDs stimulated the expression of triterpenoid biosynthesis genes including C. asiatica squalene synthase (CaSQS), C. asiatica β-amyrin synthase (CabAS), and C. asiatica UDP gluclosyltransferase-73AH1 (CaUGT73AH1; CaUGT), while different LED conditions gave diverse results. Red LED treatment triggered higher total flavonoid content (TFC) and total triterpenoid content (TTC) while white LEDs enhanced total triterpenoid content (TTC). Taken together, our findings suggest that postharvest under blue LEDs is a great approach to increase centelloside production of C. asiatica through gene up-regulation in triterpenoid pathway. Therefore, postharvest technology by LEDs serves as an effective tool for improving raw material quality for medicinal plant industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puntitra Kamol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Wanrachon Nukool
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakuntala Pumjaroen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Phithak Inthima
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Anupan Kongbangkerd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Nungruthai Suphrom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Buddhachat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
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Suvarna R, Suryakanth VB, Bakthavatchalam P, Kalthur G, Nayak M D, Prabhu MM, Hadapad BS, Shenoy RP. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Liberin, an anti-diabetic polyherbal formulation in rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100804. [PMID: 37847964 PMCID: PMC10585375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polyherbal formulation (PHF) liberin, is known to exert anti-hyperglycemic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, it is important to study the safety profile of PHF in the current study through acute and chronic toxicity evaluation. OBJECTIVES This research aims to assess the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of PHF in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS PHF was administered once orally (1000 mg/kg body weight), and the rats (male and female) were monitored for toxicity signs for a 14-day period. For a 28-day chronic toxicity study, rats were daily administered with PHF dose of 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Rats were followed up for mortality, weight changes, and other morbidities. Further haematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes were assessed. RESULTS No death related to treatment or toxicity signs were recorded in the acute single-dose administration group. The results showed that the PHF was tolerated well up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight. Even at the high dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight, sub-chronic tests did not show any significant difference between the dosed and normal groups. No significant changes were seen in the histopathological analysis of the liver, spleen, and kidney as well as haematological and biochemical parameters in acute, sub-chronic and satellite groups following the administration of PHF. CONCLUSION The results confirmed that there was no adverse effect of this PHF at the maximum dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight in Wistar rats. Further, no adverse delayed effects related to PHF were observed in the satellite group. Therefore, this PHF appears safe for therapeutic purposes in the Ayurvedic medicinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Suvarna
- Division of Ayurveda, Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Varashree Bolar Suryakanth
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Pugazhandhi Bakthavatchalam
- Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Deepak Nayak M
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - M Mukhyaprana Prabhu
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Basavaraj S Hadapad
- Division of Ayurveda, Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Revathi P Shenoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Al-Mamun A, Ahammad I, Ahmed SS, Akter F, Hossain SI, Chowdhury ZM, Bhattacharjee A, Das KC, Keya CA, Salimullah M. Pharmacoinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation approach to identify anti-diarrheal potentials of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. against Vibrio cholerae. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14730-14743. [PMID: 36927394 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2191736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, causes dehydration and severe diarrhea with the production of cholera toxin. Due to the acquired antibiotic resistance, V. cholerae has drawn attention to the establishment of novel medications to counteract the virulence and viability of the pathogen. Centella asiatica is a medicinal herb native to Bangladesh that has a wide range of medicinal and ethnobotanical applications including anti-bacterial properties. In the present investigation, a total of 25 bioactive phytochemicals of C. asiatica have been screened virtually through molecular docking, ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) analyses, and molecular dynamics simulation. Our results revealed four lead compounds as Viridiflorol (-8.7 Kcal/mol), Luteolin (-8.1 Kcal/mol), Quercetin (-8.0 Kcal/mol) and, Geranyl acetate (-7.1 Kcal/mol) against V. cholerae Toxin co-regulated pilus virulence regulatory protein (ToxT). All the lead compounds have been found to possess favorable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and molecular dynamics properties. Toxicity analysis revealed satisfactory results with no major side effects. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed for 100 ns that revealed noteworthy conformational stability and structural compactness for all the lead compounds, especially for Quercetin. Target class prediction unveiled enzymes in most of the cases and some experimental and investigational drugs were found as structurally similar analogs of the lead compounds. These findings could aid in the development of novel therapeutics targeting Cholera disease and we strongly recommend in vitro trials of our experimental findings.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al-Mamun
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Ishtiaque Ahammad
- Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Sunzid Ahmed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Akter
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Imran Hossain
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Keshob Chandra Das
- Molecular Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Chaman Ara Keya
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salimullah
- Molecular Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Centella asiatica and Its Metabolite Asiatic Acid: Wound Healing Effects and Therapeutic Potential. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020276. [PMID: 36837896 PMCID: PMC9966672 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An intense effort has been focused on new therapeutic approaches and the development of technologies for more efficient and rapid wound healing. The research for plants used for long time in traditional medicine in the treatment of wound has become a promising strategy to obtain drugs therapeutically useful in the acute and chronic wound management. In this context, Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) has been used to treat a variety of skin diseases, such as leprosy, lupus, varicose ulcers, eczema and psoriasis, in Asiatic traditional medicine for thousands of years. Studies have shown that Centella asiatica extracts (CAE) display activity in tissue regeneration, cell migration and wound repair process by promoting fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Preliminary findings have shown that the asiatic acid is one of the main active constituents of C. asiatica, directly associated with its healing activity. Thus, this study discusses aspects of the effects of Centella asiatica and its active component, asiatic acid, in different stages of the healing process of cutaneous wounds, including phytochemical and antimicrobial aspects that contribute to its therapeutic potential.
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Biotechnological and endophytic-mediated production of centellosides in Centella asiatica. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:473-489. [PMID: 36481800 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vitro culture of a plant cell, tissue and organ is a marvellous, eco-friendly biotechnological strategy for the production of phytochemicals. With the emergence of recent biotechnological tools, genetic engineering is now widely practiced enhancing the quality and quantity of plant metabolites. Triterpenoid saponins especially asiaticoside and madecassoside of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. are popularly known for their neuroprotective activity. It has become necessary to increase the production of asiaticoside and madecassoside because of their high pharmaceutical and industrial demand. Thus, the review aims to provide efficient biotechnological tools along with proper strategies. This review also included a comparative analysis of various carbon sources and biotic and abiotic elicitors. The vital roles of a variety of plant growth regulators and their combinations have also been evaluated at different in vitro growth stages of Centella asiatica. Selection of explants, direct and callus-mediated organogenesis, root organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed production etc. are also highlighted in this study. In a nutshell, this review will present the research outcomes of different biotechnological interventions used to increase the yield of triterpenoid saponins in C. asiatica. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated assessment on in vitro biotechnology in C. asiatica. • In vitro propagation of C. asiatica and elicitation of triterpenoid saponins production. • Methods for mass producing C. asiatica.
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Grewal J, Kumar V, Gandhi Y, Rawat H, Singh R, Singh A, Narasimhaji CV, Acharya R, Mishra SK. Current Perspective and Mechanistic Insights on Bioactive Plant Secondary Metabolites for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:157-176. [PMID: 37921163 DOI: 10.2174/011871529x262371231009132426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent medical conditions of modern era and are one of the primary causes of adult mortality in both developing and developed countries. Conventional medications such as use of aspirin, beta-blockers, statins and angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors involve use of drugs with many antagonistic effects. Hence, alternative therapies which are safe, effective, and relatively cheap are increasingly being investigated for the treatment and prevention of CVDs. The secondary metabolites of medicinal plants contain several bioactive compounds which have emerged as alternatives to toxic modern medicines. The detrimental effects of CVDs can be mitigated via the use of various bioactive phytochemicals such as catechin, isoflavones, quercetin etc. present in medicinal plants. Current review intends to accumulate previously published data over the years using online databases concerning herbal plant based secondary metabolites that can help in inhibition and treatment of CVDs. An in-depth review of various phytochemical constituents with therapeutic actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective properties has been delineated. An attempt has been made to provide a probable mechanistic overview for the pertinent phytoconstituent which will help in achieving a better prognosis and effective treatment for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotika Grewal
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Yashika Gandhi
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Hemant Rawat
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Ravindra Singh
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Arjun Singh
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Ch V Narasimhaji
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Rabinarayan Acharya
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Sujeet K Mishra
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
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Mahlangu SG, Tai SL. Morphological and molecular characterization of bacterial endophytes from Centella asiatica leaves. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:171. [PMID: 36576696 PMCID: PMC9797633 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytes are a rich source of novel, distinct, and applicable compounds of interest in agricultural, medical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. In this respect, they have been attracting growing interest in the past few years. Endophytes are defined as microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi which have a mutualistic relationship with their host plants without causing any harm to their host. In this study, we isolated and identified bacterial endophytes from Centella asiatica collected in Western Cape, South Africa. RESULTS Twenty bacterial endophytes were isolated from Centella asiatica and characterized by using morphological and molecular techniques. Based on molecular traits, the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM1, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM2, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM3, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM4, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM5, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM6, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM7, Novosphingobium sp. strain SGM8, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM9, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM10, Chryseobacterium sp. strain SGM11, Enterobacter sp. strain SGM12, Enterobacter sp. strain SGM13, Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM14, Enterobacter sp. strain SGM15, Enterobacter sp. strain SGM16, Agrobacterium sp. strain SGM17, Pantoea sp. strain SGM18, Paraburkholderia sp. strain SGM19, and Pseudomonas sp. strain SGM20. Pseudomonas genus was dominant with eleven isolates. Morphological trait results showed that all isolates were gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. CONCLUSION According to our understanding, this study revealed the first twenty endophytic bacteria isolated from Centella asiatica growing in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Data obtained in the current study will increase the knowledge of the already existing microbial diversity associated with Centella asiatica. Further work is needed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities in vitro and assess the growth and medicinal compounds of the identified endophytic bacteria in a laboratory scale bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siphiwe G. Mahlangu
- grid.7836.a0000 0004 1937 1151Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701 South Africa
| | - Siew L. Tai
- grid.7836.a0000 0004 1937 1151Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701 South Africa ,grid.11956.3a0000 0001 2214 904XDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
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Ganie IB, Ahmad Z, Shahzad A, Zaushintsena A, Neverova O, Ivanova S, Wasi A, Tahseen S. Biotechnological Intervention and Secondary Metabolite Production in Centella asiatica L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2928. [PMID: 36365380 PMCID: PMC9656378 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Centella asiatica L., commonly known as Gotu kola, Indian pennywort, and Asiatic pennyworts, is an herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the family Apiaceae and has long been used in the traditional medicine system. The plant is known to produce a wide range of active metabolites such as triterpenoids including asiatic acid, asiaticoside, brahmoside, and madecassic acid along with other constituents including centellose, centelloside, and madecassoside, etc., which show immense pharmacological activity. Due to its beneficial role in neuroprotection activity, the plant has been considered as a brain tonic. However, limited cultivation, poor seed viability with low germination rate, and overexploitation for decades have led to severe depletion and threatened its wild stocks. The present review aimed to provide up-to-date information on biotechnological tools applied to this endangered medicinal plant for its in vitro propagation, direct or indirect regeneration, synthetic seed production, strategies for secondary metabolite productions including different elicitors. In addition, a proposed mechanism for the biosynthesis of triterpenoids is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Bashir Ganie
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Zishan Ahmad
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Anwar Shahzad
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Alexandra Zaushintsena
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
- Department of Ecology and Nature Management, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Olga Neverova
- Department of Ecology and Nature Management, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Natural Nutraceutical Biotesting Laboratory, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
- Department of General Mathematics and Informatics, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street, 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Adla Wasi
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sabaha Tahseen
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Paemanee A, Rattanabunyong S, Ketngamkum Y, Siriwaseree J, Pongpamorn P, Romyanon K, Tangphatsornruang S, Kuaprasert B, Choowongkomon K. Mass spectrometry and synchrotron-FTIR microspectroscopy reveal the anti-inflammatory activity of Bua Bok extracts. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:1086-1098. [PMID: 35790045 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bua Bok or Centella asiatica (CA) is an Asian vegetable with anti-inflammatory benefits. Asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside and madecassic have been characterised as major active ingredients with a wide range of pharmacological advantages. In manufacturing processes, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) are used to routinely determine the active compounds in raw materials. OBJECTIVES This research aims to explore anti-inflammatory properties, characterise metabolites and observe the biochemical changes of the inflammatory induced macrophages after pretreatment with the potential extracted fractions. METHODS Bua Bok leaf extracts were prepared. Macrophages were pretreated with non-toxic fractions to determine the anti-inflammatory action. Tentative metabolites of effective fractions were identified by LC-MS. Synchrotron fourier-transform infrared (S-FTIR) microspectroscopy was utilised to observe the biochemical change of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cells after pretreatment with potential fractions. RESULTS Fractions of ethyl acetate, 30% and 100% ethanol highly increased the nitrile scavenging and suppressed the function of phospholipase A2 . Fractions of 70% and 100% ethanol strongly decreased nitric oxide production. The comparison of 39 chemical compounds was presented. The change of proteins was improved after pretreatment of macrophages with fraction 70% ethanol. Fraction of 100% ethanol revealed the lipid accumulation was lower than 70% ethanol and diclofenac. CONCLUSION While the anti-inflammatory actions of 70% and 100% ethanol were similar. S-FTIR expressed they inhibited inflammatory response with the distinct features of biomolecules. The S-FTIR, LC-MS and biological assay confidently provided the efficient strategies to inform the advantage of herbal extract on cellular organisation instead of a single compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchara Paemanee
- National Omics Centre, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Yanisa Ketngamkum
- National Omics Centre, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Ponkanok Pongpamorn
- National Omics Centre, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Romyanon
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Buabarn Kuaprasert
- Research Facility Department, Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organisation), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Bandyopadhyay A, Dey A. Medicinal pteridophytes: ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and clinical attributes. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Almost from the very beginning of human existence, man has been interacting with plants. Throughout human history, plants have provided humans with basic needs such as sustenance, firewood, livestock feed, and wood. The world has approximately 3 million vascular plants. The treatment of primary health problems is provided primarily by traditional medicines by around 80% of the world's population. Compared to other vascular plants, pteridophytes remain underexplored in ethnobotanical aspects, despite being regarded as a valuable component of healthcare for centuries. As an alternative medicine, pteridophytes are being investigated for their pharmacological activity. Almost 2000 years ago, humans were exploring and using plant species from this lineage because of its beneficial properties since pteridophytes were the first vascular plants.
Main body of the abstract
All popular search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus were searched to retrieve the relevant literature using various search strings relevant to the topic. Pteridophytes belonging to thirty different families have been documented as medicinal plants. For instance, Selaginella sp. has been demonstrated to have numerous therapeutic properties, including antioxidative, inflammation-reducing, anti-carcinogenic, diabetes-fighting, virucidal, antibacterial, and anti-senile dementia effects. In addition, clinical trials and studies performed on pteridophytes and derived compounds are also discussed in details.
Short conclusion
This review offers a compilation of therapeutically valuable pteridophytes utilized by local ethnic groups, as well as the public.
Graphical Abstract
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Biswas P, Anand U, Ghorai M, Pandey DK, Jha NK, Behl T, Kumar M, Kumar R, Shekhawat MS, Dey A. Unravelling the promise and limitations of CRISPR/Cas system in natural product research: Approaches and challenges. Biotechnol J 2021; 17:e2100507. [PMID: 34882991 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An incredible array of natural products are produced by plants that serve several ecological functions, including protecting them from herbivores and microbes, attracting pollinators, and dispersing seeds. In addition to their obvious medical applications, natural products serve as flavouring agents, fragrances and many other uses by humans. With the increasing demand for natural products and the development of various gene engineering systems, researchers are trying to modify the plant genome to increase the biosynthetic pathway of the compound of interest or blocking the pathway of unwanted compound synthesis. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 has had widespread success in genome editing due to the system's high efficiency, ease of use, and accuracy which revolutionized the genome editing system in living organisms. This article highlights the method of the CRISPR/Cas system, its application in different organisms including microbes, algae, fungi and also higher plants in natural product research, its shortcomings and future prospects. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protha Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144402, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Radha Kumar
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
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