1
|
Nemoto Y, Ozawa K, Mori JF, Kanaly RA. Nondesulfurizing benzothiophene biotransformation to hetero and homodimeric ortho-substituted diaryl disulfides by the model PAH-degrading Sphingobium barthaii. Biodegradation 2023; 34:215-233. [PMID: 36808269 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biotransformation mechanisms of toxic sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PASH) pollutants such as benzothiophene (BT) is useful for predicting their environmental fates. In the natural environment, nondesulfurizing hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are major active contributors to PASH biodegradation at petroleum-contaminated sites; however, BT biotransformation pathways by this group of bacteria are less explored when compared to desulfurizing organisms. When a model nondesulfurizing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading soil bacterium, Sphingobium barthaii KK22, was investigated for its ability to cometabolically biotransform BT by quantitative and qualitative methods, BT was depleted from culture media but was biotransformed into mostly high molar mass (HMM) hetero and homodimeric ortho-substituted diaryl disulfides (diaryl disulfanes). HMM diaryl disulfides have not been reported as biotransformation products of BT. Chemical structures were proposed for the diaryl disulfides by comprehensive mass spectrometry analyses of the chromatographically separated products and were supported by the identification of transient upstream BT biotransformation products, which included benzenethiols. Thiophenic acid products were also identified, and pathways that described BT biotransformation and novel HMM diaryl disulfide formation were constructed. This work shows that nondesulfurizing hydrocarbon-degrading organisms produce HMM diaryl disulfides from low molar mass polyaromatic sulfur heterocycles, and this may be taken into consideration when predicting the environmental fates of BT pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nemoto
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of Nanobiosciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Kohei Ozawa
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of Nanobiosciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Jiro F Mori
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of Nanobiosciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Robert A Kanaly
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of Nanobiosciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Li W, Lei H, Dong X, Kenttämaa H. Differentiation of Seven Isomeric n-Pentylquinoline Radical Cations Based on Energy-Resolved Medium-Energy Collision-Activated Dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:48-63. [PMID: 36507850 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Asphaltenes, a major and undesirable component of heavy crude oil, contain many different types of large aromatic compounds. These compounds include nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds that are thought to be the main culprit in the deactivation of catalysts in crude oil refinery processes. Unfortunately, prevention of this is challenging as the structures and properties of the nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds are poorly understood. To facilitate their structural characterization, an approach based on ion-trap collision-activated dissociation (ITCAD) tandem mass spectrometry followed by energy-resolved medium-energy collision-activated dissociation (ER-MCAD) was developed for the differentiation of seven isomeric molecular radical cations of n-pentylquinoline. The fragmentation of each isomer was found to be distinctly different and depended largely on the site of the alkyl side chain in the quinoline ring. In order to better understand the observed fragmentation pathways, mechanisms for the formation of several fragment ions were delineated based on quantum chemical calculations. The fast benzylic α-bond cleavage that dominates the fragmentation of analogous nonheteroaromatic alkylbenzenes was only observed for the 3-isomer as the major pathway due to the lack of favorable low-energy rearrangement reactions. All the other isomeric ions underwent substantially lower-energy rearrangement reactions as their alkyl chains were found to interact mostly via 6-membered transition states either with the quinoline nitrogen (2- and 8-isomers) or the adjacent carbon atom in the quinoline core (4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-isomers), which lowered the activation energies of the fragmentation reactions. The presented analytical approach will facilitate the structural characterization of nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds in asphaltenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wanru Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haoran Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xueming Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hilkka Kenttämaa
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li GS, Wang MH, Fan X, Dong X, Wei XY, Chen B, Wang JF. Insight into a stepped fragmentation of coal-related model compounds using a tandem Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
4
|
Stylianou M, Vyrides I, Agapiou A. Oil biodesulfurization: A review of applied analytical techniques. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1171:122602. [PMID: 33744596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The wide use of fossil fuels and their associated environmental concerns, highlighted the importance of affordable and clean energy (goal 7), as adopted by the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations for 2030. For years now, the detection of sulfur components in liquid fuels is performed mainly for environmental and health purposes in compliance with the respective legislations. Towards this, the aerobic and anaerobic biodesulfurization (BDS) process, which entails the use of microorganisms to limit the sulfur concentration is followed. To ensure effective BDS, several traditional analytical methods are utilized, although they require bench-top, bulky, costly, and time-consuming instruments along with skilled personnel. The currently employed analytical methods are mostly chromatographic techniques (e.g. liquid and gas) coupled with various detectors. To start with, high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV), as well as electrospray ionization-LC-mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS) were mostly reported. Additionally, many detectors were coupled to gas chromatography (CG) including atomic emission detector (GC-AED), flame ionization detector (GC-FID), flame photometric detector (GC-FPD), sulfur fluorescence detector (GC-SFD), mass selective detector (GC-MS), etc. The solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique provides extra capabilities when added to the separation techniques. Towards the continuous interest in oil supercomplex synthesis, other atmospheric and surface desorption ionization techniques, as well as the multidimensional 2D chromatographic systems (GC × GC and LC × LC) were also investigated, due to their unsurpassed resolution power. The current review ends with final remarks per applied methodology and the necessity to respect and protect the human environment and life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marinos Stylianou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Vyrides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Anexartisias Str., P.O. BOX 50329, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Agapios Agapiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Wu J, Huang X. Facile fabrication of functional groups-rich sorbent for the efficient enrichment of aromatic N- and S-containing compounds in environmental waters. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1113:36-42. [PMID: 32340667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extraction strategy is designed for the pretreatment of low contents of aromatic N- and S-containing compounds (ANSCs) in environmental waters prior to chromatographic analysis. To enrich studied ANSCs effectively, poly (9-vinylanthracene/4-vinylphenylboronic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate/divinylbenzene) polymeric monolithic sorbent were facilely fabricated using the one-step free radical polymerization. Various technologies were employed to investigate the structure and morphology of the resultant monolith. Combining with solid-phase microextraction format, the sorbent exhibited satisfying concentrated performance for ANSCs through multiply interactions under the optimized conditions. After desorption with eluent, the retained analytes were analyzed by HPLC. Results showed that the extraction efficiencies ranged from 51.6 to 93.2%. The linear ranges and limits of detection were 0.01-150 μg/L and 0.63-2.64 ng/L, respectively. Furthermore, the precisions were all below 10%. The introduced approach was productively practiced on three real water samples for simultaneous quantification of studied ANSCs, and the fortified recoveries ranged from 81.5 to 118%. All the results well evidenced that prepared sorbent can enrich ANSCs effectively and the introduced method is reliable alternative for routine analysis of ANSCs in environmental waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niyonsaba E, Manheim JM, Yerabolu R, Kenttämaa HI. Recent Advances in Petroleum Analysis by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 91:156-177. [PMID: 30428670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Niyonsaba
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Manheim
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ravikiran Yerabolu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hilkka I. Kenttämaa
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li GS, Dong X, Fan X, You CY, Wu G, Zhao YP, Lu Y, Wei XY, Ma FY. Evaluation of coal-related model compounds using tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1462-1472. [PMID: 29740899 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is a routine and basic instrumental method for the analysis of complex coal conversion products in the chemical industry. To further enhance the practical potential of GC/MS in chemical industry, a tandem MS method for the selection of ion pairs applied in monitoring coal conversions was established using GC/quadrupole time-of-flight MS (GC/Q-TOF MS). The corresponding fragmentation pathways were explored and suitable ion pairs were screened. METHODS Fourteen coal-related model compounds (CRMCs) were analyzed using GC/Q-TOF MS with different collision-induced dissociation (CID) energies (5-20 eV). The fragmentation pathways can offer a better understanding of chemical bond breaking, hydrogen transfer, rearrangement reactions and elimination of neutral fragments for CRMCs during the CID process. RESULTS The precursor ions of aromatic hydrocarbons without alkyl chains were difficult to fragment with a CID energy of 20 eV. But aromatic hydrocarbons with branched chains were prone to fragment via the loss of alkyl chains and further fragmented through ring-opening reactions. Compared with the Calk Car bond, the Car Car bond was difficult to fragment due to its high bond dissociation energy. The existence of heteroatoms facilitated fragmentation that was conducive to the screening of ion pairs. CONCLUSIONS The CID technique of GC/Q-TOF MS will contribute to studies on the organic composition of coals and to building monitoring methods for coal conversions via fragmentation and ion pair selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Sheng Li
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Xueming Dong
- Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, Brown Building, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xing Fan
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
- Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion & Chemical Engineering Process, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Chun-Yan You
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Ge Wu
- Purdue University, Krannert School of Management, Brown Building, 403 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yun-Peng Zhao
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Yao Lu
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
- China University of Mining & Technology, Advanced Analysis & Computation Center, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xian-Yong Wei
- China University of Mining & Technology, Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Feng-Yun Ma
- Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion & Chemical Engineering Process, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, China
| |
Collapse
|