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Guo Z, Meng Y, Zhou S, Li J, Li X, Feng R, Zou Y, Liao W, Wu W, Xu M, Zeng X, Zhao W, Zhong H. Atomic force microscopy correlates mechanical and electrical properties of HepG2 cells with curcumin concentration. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116107. [PMID: 38489959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent cancer with a significant impact on human health. Curcumin, a natural compound, induces cytoskeletal changes in liver cancer cells and modifies the distribution of lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides on plasma membranes, affecting their mechanical and electrical properties. In this study, we used nanomechanical indentation techniques and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the changes in surface nanomechanical and electrical properties of nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of HepG2 cells in response to increasing curcumin concentrations. CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry results demonstrated time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation by curcumin. Increasing curcumin concentration led to an initial increase and then decrease in the mechanical properties of nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of HepG2 cells, represented by the Young's modulus (E), as observed through nanoindentation. KPFM measurements indicated decreasing trends in both cell surface potential and height. Fluorescence microscopy results indicated a positive correlation between curcumin concentration and phosphatidylserine translocation from the inner to the outer membrane, which influenced the electrical properties of HepG2 cells. This study provides valuable insights into curcumin's mechanisms against cancer cells and aids nanoscale evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfu Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haijian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Moawad M, Nasr GM, Osman AS, Shaker ES. Curcumin nanocapsules effect in apoptotic processes, gene expression, and cell cycle on Hep-G2 cell lines. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231176396. [PMID: 37190979 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231176396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curcumin has antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, and its therapeutic effect must be considered. Nanocurcumin capsules showed a potential increase against in vitro biological cancer. This study sought to determine how curcumin nanoparticles and nanocapsules affected the expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Bax in a liver cancer cell line (Hep-G2). Mechanisms of apoptosis were also examined in this cell line. METHODS This study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 gene pathways and to evaluate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of curcumin nanoparticles (CNPs) and curcumin nanocapsules (CNCs) against liver cell lines. Flow cytometry was used to check for signs of apoptosis and the cell cycle. RESULTS Curcumin nanocapsules produced by the ball milling process at 90 min significantly boosted the populations of apoptotic cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The mRNA expression analysis revealed that the proapoptotic Bax, Caspase-3, and the tumor suppressor gene p53 were upregulated throughout the process started by curcumin nanocapsules and decreased in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. CONCLUSION This research provides a fresh understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the liver cancer-fighting abilities of curcumin nanoparticles. Curcumin nanocapsules produced through a unique mechanical technique can be used as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Moawad
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo Univ. Egypt
| | - Ghada M Nasr
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Molecular Diagnostics & therapeutics, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Afaf S Osman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad S Shaker
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Minia University, Egypt
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Cao Z, Chen L, Niu G, Li Y, Hu Z, Hong R, Zhang X, Hong L, Han S, Ke C. Preparation and characterization of a novel triple composite scaffold containing silk fibroin, chitosan, extracellular matrix and the mechanism of Akt/FoxO signaling pathway in colonic cancer cells cultured in 3D. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1139649. [PMID: 37207122 PMCID: PMC10188982 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1139649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This work examined the physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro of a unique triple composite scaffold incorporating silk fibroin, chitosan, and extracellular matrix. The materials were blended, cross-linked, and freeze-dried to create a composite scaffold of silk fibroin/chitosan/colon extracellular matrix (SF/CTS/CEM) with varying CEM contents. The SF/CTS/CEM (1:1:1) scaffold demonstrated the preferable shape, outstanding porosity, favorable connectivity, good moisture absorption, and acceptable and controlled swelling and degradation properties. Additionally, HCT-116 cells cultivated with SF/CTS/CEM (1:1:1) showed excellent proliferation capacity, cell malignancy, and delayed apoptosis, according to the in vitro cytocompatibility examination. We also examined the PI3K/PDK1/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway and discovered that cell culture using a SF/CTS/CEM (1:1:1) scaffold may prevent cell death by phosphorylating Akt and suppressing FoxO expression. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the SF/CTS/CEM (1:1:1) scaffold as an experimental model for colonic cancer cell culture and for replicating the three-dimensional in vivo cell growth environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chongwei Ke
- *Correspondence: Shanliang Han, ; Chongwei Ke,
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Răileanu M, Straticiuc M, Iancu DA, Andrei RF, Radu M, Bacalum M. Proton irradiation induced reactive oxygen species promote morphological and functional changes in HepG2 cells. J Struct Biol 2022; 214:107919. [PMID: 36356881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The increased use of proton therapy has led to the need of better understanding the cellular mechanisms involved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects induced by the accelerated proton beam in hepatocarcinoma cells. An existing facility in IFIN-HH, a 3 MV Tandetron™ accelerator, was used to irradiate HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells with doses between 0 and 3 Gy. Colony formation was used to assess the influence of radiation on cell long-term replication. Also, the changes induced at the mitochondrial level were shown by increased ROS and ATP levels as well as a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. An increased dose has induced DNA damages and G2/M cell cycle arrest which leads to caspase 3/7 mediated apoptosis and senescence induction. Finally, the morphological and ultrastructural changes were observed at the membrane level and the nucleus of the irradiated cells. Thus, proton irradiation induces both morphological and functional changes in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Răileanu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Atomistilor 405, Măgurele, Romania; Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania
| | - Mihai Straticiuc
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Applied Nuclear Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania
| | - Decebal-Alexandru Iancu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Atomistilor 405, Măgurele, Romania; Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Applied Nuclear Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania
| | - Radu-Florin Andrei
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Applied Nuclear Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania; University of POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Splaiul Independentei 313, Romania
| | - Mihai Radu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania
| | - Mihaela Bacalum
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Reactorului 30, Măgurele, Romania.
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Verma K, Tarafdar A, Kumar D, Kumar Y, Rana JS, Badgujar PC. Formulation and characterization of nano-curcumin fortified milk cream powder through microfluidization and spray drying. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rajasekar A, Devasena T, Suresh S, Senthil B, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. Curcumin nanospheres and nanorods: Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1,5-Benzodiazepin-2(3H)-ones: In Vitro Evaluation as Antiparkinsonian Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101584. [PMID: 34679721 PMCID: PMC8533176 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of twenty-three 1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-ones were synthesized and evaluated in the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays as a new chemotype with antioxidant and good drug-like properties. All of the derivatives showed low cytotoxicity in comparison to curcumin against the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the human hepatoma HepG2 cell lines. Experimental solubility in bio-relevant media showed a good relationship with melting points in this series. Five compounds with the best antioxidant properties showed neuroprotectant activity against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the SH-SY5Y cell line. From them, derivatives 4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one (18) and 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one (20) yielded good neuroprotection activity in the same neuronal cell line under 6-OHD and MPP+ insults as in vitro models of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Both compounds also demonstrated a significant reduction of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and superoxide levels, in parallel with a good improvement of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (ΔΨm). Compared with curcumin, compound 18 better reduced lipid peroxidation levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), in SH-SY5Y cells under oxidative stress pressure and recovered intracellular glutathione synthetase (GSH) levels. Apoptosis and caspase-3 levels of SH-SY5Y under H2O2 pressure were also reduced after treatment with 18. Neuroprotection in neuron-like differentiated SH-SY5Y cells was also achieved with 18. In summary, this family of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with an interesting antioxidant and drug-like profile, with low cytotoxic and good neuroprotectant activity, constitutes a new promising chemical class with high potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against PD.
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Li R, Bu Y, Yang C, Wang J. Effects of Lipid Deposition on Viscoelastic Response in Human Hepatic Cell Line HepG2. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684121. [PMID: 34539426 PMCID: PMC8440969 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is associated with various liver diseases. The main pathological feature of steatosis is the excessive lipid accumulation. Ultrasound has been extensively used for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis. However, most ultrasound-based non-invasive methods are still not accurate enough for cases with light lipid infiltration. One important reason is that the extent to which lipid infiltration may affect mechanical properties of hepatocytes remains unknown. In this work, we used atomic force microscope and in vitro dose-dependent lipid deposition model to detect the quantitative changes of mechanical properties under different degrees of steatosis in a single-cell level. The results show that hepatic cells with lipid deposition can be treated as linear viscoelastic materials with the power law creep compliance and relaxation modulus. Further analysis showed that even slight accumulation of lipid can lead to measurable decrease of stiffness and increased fluidity in liver cells. The accurate detection of viscoelastic properties of hepatocytes and the analysis methods may provide novel insights into hepatic steatosis grading, especially in the very early stage with reversible liver lesion. The application of viscoelasticity index for grading fat deposition might be a new detection indicator in future clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Bu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chendong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jizeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Angeline N, Choo SS, Kim CH, Bhang SH, Kim TH. Precise Electrical Detection of Curcumin Cytotoxicity in Human Liver Cancer Cells. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-021-00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Al-Hajm AYS, Ozgun E. Effects of acrylamide on protein degradation pathways in human liver-derived cells and the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine and curcumin. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1536-1543. [PMID: 33198515 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1846548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a harmful chemical, and its metabolism occurs mainly in the liver. Acrylamide can form adducts on proteins. Protein homeostasis is vital for metabolic and secretory functions of the liver. No study has investigated the effect of acrylamide on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Also, the effect of acrylamide on autophagy and its regulation is not fully known. We aimed to investigate the effects of acrylamide on the UPS, autophagy, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in HepG2 cells as well as to examine the effects of N-acetylcysteine and curcumin on these parameters in acrylamide-treated cells. HepG2 cells were initially treated with variable concentrations of acrylamide (0.01-0.1-1-10 mM) for 24 hours. Then, HepG2 cells were treated with 5 mM N-acetylcysteine and 6.79 µM curcumin in the presence of 10 mM acrylamide for 24 hours. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Ubiquitinated protein, mTOR, microtubule-associated proteins 1 A/1B light chain 3B-II (LC3B-II), and HSP70 levels were measured by immunoblotting. Acrylamide at 10 mM concentration, without any significant change at lower concentrations, caused an increase in ubiquitinated protein, LC3B-II, and HSP70 levels and a decrease in mTOR phosphorylation. Furthermore, 5 mM N-acetylcysteine caused a decrease in ubiquitinated protein and HSP70 levels; however, 6.79 µM curcumin did not affect 10 mM in acrylamide-treated cells. Our study showed that acrylamide at high concentration inhibits UPS and mTOR, activates autophagy, and increases HSP70 levels in HepG2 cells, and N-acetylcysteine reduces UPS inhibition and HSP70 levels in acrylamide-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eray Ozgun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
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Pauletto M, Giantin M, Tolosi R, Bassan I, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A, Dacasto M. Curcumin Mitigates AFB1-Induced Hepatic Toxicity by Triggering Cattle Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Pathways: A Whole Transcriptomic In Vitro Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111059. [PMID: 33137966 PMCID: PMC7692341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in livestock and human beings is a major economic and health concern. Natural polyphenolic substances with antioxidant properties have proven to be effective in ameliorating AFB1-induced toxicity. Here we assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of curcumin (pure curcumin, C, and curcumin from Curcuma longa, CL) in a bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line (BFH12). First, we measured viability of cells exposed to AFB1 in presence or absence of curcumin treatment. Then, we explored all the transcriptional changes occurring in AFB1-exposed cells cotreated with curcumin. Results demonstrated that curcumin is effective in reducing AFB1-induced toxicity, decreasing cells mortality by approximately 30%. C and CL induced similar transcriptional changes in BFH12 exposed to AFB1, yet C treatment resulted in a larger number of significant genes compared to CL. The mitigating effects of curcuminoids towards AFB1 toxicity were mainly related to molecular pathways associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response, cancer, and drug metabolism. Investigating mRNA changes induced by curcumin in cattle BFH12 cells exposed to AFB1 will help us to better characterize possible tools to reduce its consequences in this susceptible and economically important food-producing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Irene Bassan
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-827-2935
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Su X, Chen L, Han S, Niu G, Ren J, Ke C. Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Triple Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fiborin, Chitosan, and Alginate for 3D Culture of Colonic Carcinoma Cells In Vitro. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922935. [PMID: 32773734 PMCID: PMC7439765 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) cell-culture scaffolds are ideal in vitro models to bridge the gap between two-dimensional cell culture in vitro and in vivo cancer models. Construction of 3D scaffolds using two kinds of biomaterials has been reported, but there are still many defects. To improve the performance of the scaffolds for 3D cell culture of colonic carcinoma (CC) cells in vitro, we attempted to construct triple composite scaffolds using silk fibroin (SF), chitosan (Cs), and alginate (Alg). MATERIAL AND METHODS We explored the suitability of triple composite scaffolds of SF/Cs/Alg at ratios of 1: 1: 0.5, 1: 1: 1, and 1: 1: 2 for 3D culture of CC cells, and used the dual composite scaffold of SF/Cs (1: 1) as a control group. We analyzed the physicochemical characteristics of these scaffolds and studied cell adhesion, cell proliferation, migration, colony-forming ability, microstructure and ultrastructure, and spheroid-forming capacity of the commercially available CC cell line HCT-116 on the prepared scaffolds. RESULTS Our results show that SF/Cs/Alg (1: 1: 1) scaffolds demonstrated the best profile, the highest uniform porosity and connectivity, and excellent hydroscopicity, and also exhibited appropriate and controlled swelling and degradation characteristics. The adhesion, proliferation, colony-forming, and wound-healing assays, green fluorescent protein-labeled HCT116 cell imaging, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and DY-554-phalloidin staining, scanning electron microscopy, and haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the triple composite scaffolds of SF/CS/Alg (1: 1: 1) supported cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, colony-forming ability, and spheroid formation far better than the dual composite scaffold of SF/CS (1: 1). CONCLUSIONS This study successfully demonstrated the potential of SF/Cs/Alg (1: 1: 1) scaffold as an alternative for the 3D in vitro culture of CC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhao Su
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Shanliang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Gengming Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Chongwei Ke
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Spray-drying microencapsulation of curcumin nanocomplexes with soy protein isolate: Encapsulation, water dispersion, bioaccessibility and bioactivities of curcumin. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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He H, Qiao K, Wang C, Yang W, Xu Z, Zhang Z, Jia Y, Zhang C, Peng L. Hydrazinocurcumin Induces Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through the p38 MAPK Pathway. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:2075-2084. [PMID: 32100959 PMCID: PMC8504816 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrazinocurcumin (HZC), a synthetic derivative of curcumin (CUR), has been documented to show anticancer potential in impeding tumor growth in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the function and underlying mechanisms of HZC on HCC cells, which may involve the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. HZC was first purified and identified. HepG2 cells were then subjected to treatment with HZC or CUR of different concentrations and p38 MAPK signaling inhibitor (SB203580) to verify their effects on HCC cell apoptosis and proliferation. Furthermore, the functional relevance between HZC and the p38 MAPK pathway in HCC was examined. It was observed that 40 μM HZC exhibited the best pro-apoptosis effect in HCC cells. HZC was found to inhibit HCC cell proliferation and promote apoptosis, the effect of which was stronger than 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). More importantly, the anti-oncogenic effect of HZC and 5-FU was implicated with activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. In vivo experimental results showed that HZC inhibited tumor growth more effectively than 5-FU through the p38 MAPK pathway. These results provide evidence that HZC exerted anti-oncogenic and pro-apoptosis effects in HCC cells through activation of the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kuangyuan Qiao
- Basic Medical College of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wuhan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhuo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhilei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuming Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Lumlerdkij N, Tantiwongse J, Booranasubkajorn S, Boonrak R, Akarasereenont P, Laohapand T, Heinrich M. Understanding cancer and its treatment in Thai traditional medicine: An ethnopharmacological-anthropological investigation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:259-273. [PMID: 29409982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thai traditional medicine (TTM) is widely practiced in Thailand and continues to gain importance in cancer management, but little is known about the TTM practitioners' emic concepts and practice. AIM OF THE STUDY With this study we firstly aim to document the practice of cancer treatment and prevention by TTM practitioners and, secondly, to evaluate how such traditional concepts and practices are correlated with biomedical ones. This in turn can form the basis for developing novel strategies for designing pharmacological experiments and longer term strategies to develop TTM practice. METHODS Semi-structured interviews with 33 TTM practitioners were performed in five provinces in different regions of Thailand. The following information were recorded; basic information of informants, descriptions of cancer (mareng in Thai), causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Plants used in the treatment and prevention of mareng were also collected. RESULTS Using an in depth ethnographic approach four representative case studies to assist in a better understanding of the characteristics of mareng, its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are reported here. Five characteristics of mareng - waste accumulation (khong sia), chronic illnesses (krasai), inflammation (kan aksep), bad blood (luead) and lymph (namlueang), and the imbalance of four basic elements (dhātu si) - have been identified. Explanatory models of cancer in TTM were linked with biomedical concepts and relevant pharmacological actions. Traditional uses and available scientific evidence of medicinal plants mentioned in the case studies for the treatment or prevention of mareng are presented and discussed. CONCLUSION Here for the first time five main characteristics of cancer based on Thai traditional medical concepts are analysed. Our findings are relevant not only for the planning of clinical studies or pharmacological experiment in the search for novel compounds for cancer treatment and prevention, but also for the integration of Thai traditional medicine in cancer care.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Anthropology, Medical
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Asian People/psychology
- Cultural Characteristics
- Ethnopharmacology
- Female
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology
- Humans
- Interviews as Topic
- Male
- Medicine, Traditional
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Extracts/adverse effects
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Plants, Medicinal/adverse effects
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal/classification
- Thailand
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchagorn Lumlerdkij
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Research Group Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Jaturapat Tantiwongse
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Suksalin Booranasubkajorn
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Ranida Boonrak
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Pravit Akarasereenont
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Tawee Laohapand
- Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Group Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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16
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Braet F, Taatjes DJ, Wisse E. Probing the unseen structure and function of liver cells through atomic force microscopy. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 73:13-30. [PMID: 28688930 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
With the arrival of atomic force microscopy (AFM) about thirty years ago, this new imaging tool opened up a new area for the exploration of biological samples, ranging from the tissue and cellular level down to the supramolecular scale. Commercial instruments of this new imaging technique began to appear in the five years following its discovery in 1986 by Binnig, Quate & Gerber. From that point onwards the AFM has attracted many liver biologists, and the number of publications describing structure-function relationships on the diverse set of liver cells has grown steadily ever since. It is therefore timely to reflect on the achievements of AFM in disclosing the cellular architecture of hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, stellate cells and liver-associated natural killer cells. In this thematic paper, we present new data and provide an in-depth overview of the current AFM literature on liver cell biology. We furthermore include a future outlook on how this scanning probe imaging tool and its latest developments can contribute to clarify various structural and functional aspects of cells in liver health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Braet
- School of Medical Sciences (Discipline of Anatomy and Histology)-The Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre (Cellular Imaging Facility), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Douglas J Taatjes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA; Microscopy Imaging Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Eddie Wisse
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Nanoscopy, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maastricht, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sueth-Santiago V, Moraes JDBB, Sobral Alves ES, Vannier-Santos MA, Freire-de-Lima CG, Castro RN, Mendes-Silva GP, Del Cistia CDN, Magalhães LG, Andricopulo AD, Sant´Anna CMR, Decoté-Ricardo D, Freire de Lima ME. The Effectiveness of Natural Diarylheptanoids against Trypanosoma cruzi: Cytotoxicity, Ultrastructural Alterations and Molecular Modeling Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162926. [PMID: 27658305 PMCID: PMC5033595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is the major constituent of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa and has been widely investigated for its chemotherapeutic properties. The well-known activity of CUR against Leishmania sp., Trypanosoma brucei and Plasmodium falciparum led us to investigate its activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. In this work, we tested the cytotoxic effects of CUR and other natural curcuminoids on different forms of T. cruzi, as well as the ultrastructural changes induced in epimastigote form of the parasite. CUR was verified as the curcuminoid with more significant trypanocidal properties (IC50 10.13 μM on epimastigotes). Demethoxycurcumin (DMC) was equipotent to CUR (IC50 11.07 μM), but bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) was less active (IC50 45.33 μM) and cyclocurcumin (CC) was inactive. In the experiment with infected murine peritoneal macrophages all diarylheptanoids were more active than the control in the inhibition of the trypomastigotes release. The electron microscopy images showed ultrastructural changes associated with the cytoskeleton of the parasite, indicating tubulin as possible target of CUR in T. cruzi. The results obtained by flow cytometry analysis of DNA content of the parasites treated with natural curcuminoids suggested a mechanism of action on microtubules related to the paclitaxel`s mode of action. To better understand the mechanism of action highlighted by electron microscopy and flow cytometry experiments we performed the molecular docking of natural curcuminoids on tubulin of T. cruzi in a homology model and the results obtained showed that the observed interactions are in accordance with the IC50 values found, since there CUR and DMC perform similar interactions at the binding site on tubulin while BDMC do not realize a hydrogen bond with Lys163 residue due to the absence of methoxyl groups. These results indicate that trypanocidal properties of CUR may be related to the cytoskeletal alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Sueth-Santiago
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Julliane de B. B. Moraes
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliomara Sousa Sobral Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM-Fiocruz), Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, CEP: 40.296-710, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcos André Vannier-Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM-Fiocruz), Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, CEP: 40.296-710, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Célio G. Freire-de-Lima
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosane N. Castro
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Peron Mendes-Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Catarina de Nigris Del Cistia
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luma Godoy Magalhães
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 396, CEP: 13.560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Defini Andricopulo
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 396, CEP: 13.560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Mauricio R. Sant´Anna
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Debora Decoté-Ricardo
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MEFL); (DDR)
| | - Marco Edilson Freire de Lima
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, BR 465, Km 07, CEP: 23.890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MEFL); (DDR)
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18
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Hu B, Sun D, Sun C, Sun YF, Sun HX, Zhu QF, Yang XR, Gao YB, Tang WG, Fan J, Maitra A, Anders RA, Xu Y. A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin in combination with sorafenib synergistically inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:525-32. [PMID: 26482853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a yellow polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of turmeric root (Curcuma longa) has potent anti-cancer properties in many types of tumors with ability to reverse multidrug resistance of cancer cells. However, widespread clinical application of this agent in cancer and other diseases has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility. The recent findings of polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin (NFC) have shown the potential for circumventing the problem of poor solubility, however evidences for NFC's anti-cancer and reverse multidrug resistance properties are lacking. Here we provide models of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the efficacy of NFC alone and in combination with sorafenib, a kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of HCC. Results showed that NFC not only inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HCC cell lines in vitro, but also drastically suppressed primary tumor growth and lung metastases in vivo. Moreover, in combination with sorafenib, NFC induced HCC cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, NFC and sorafenib synergistically down-regulated the expression of MMP9 via NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the combination therapy significantly decreased the population of CD133-positive HCC cells, which have been reported as cancer initiating cells in HCC. Taken together, NanoCurcumin provides an opportunity to expand the clinical repertoire of this agent. Additional studies utilizing a combination of NanoCurcumin and sorafenib in HCC are needed for further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Ding Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, PR China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yun-Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Hai-Xiang Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhu
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Ya-Bo Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Wei-Guo Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Anirban Maitra
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert A Anders
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
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19
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Wu Q, Lin WD, Liao GQ, Zhang LG, Wen SQ, Lin JY. Antiproliferative effects of cinobufacini on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells detected by atomic force microscopy. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:854-861. [PMID: 25624718 PMCID: PMC4299337 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i3.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the antiproliferative activity of cinobufacini on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and the possible mechanism of its action.
METHODS: HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of cinobufacini. Cell viability was measured by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Cytoskeletal and nuclear alterations were observed by fluorescein isothiocyanate-phalloidin and DAPI staining under a laser scanning confocal microscope. Changes in morphology and ultrastructure of cells were detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) at the nanoscale level.
RESULTS: MTT assay indicated that cinobufacini significantly inhibited the viability of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. With the concentration of cinobufacini increasing from 0 to 0.10 mg/mL, the cell viability decreased from 74.9% ± 2.7% to 49.41% ± 2.2% and 39.24% ± 2.1% (P < 0.05). FCM analysis demonstrated cell cycle arrest at S phase induced by cinobufacini. The immunofluorescence studies of cytoskeletal and nuclear morphology showed that after cinobufacini treatment, the regular reorganization of actin filaments in HepG2 cells become chaotic, while the nuclei were not damaged seriously. Additionally, high-resolution AFM imaging revealed that cell morphology and ultrastructure changed a lot after treatment with cinobufacini. It appeared as significant shrinkage and deep pores in the cell membrane, with larger particles and a rougher cell surface.
CONCLUSION: Cinobufacini inhibits the viability of HepG2 cells via cytoskeletal destruction and cell membrane toxicity.
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20
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Ucisik MH, Küpcü S, Schuster B, Sleytr UB. Characterization of CurcuEmulsomes: nanoformulation for enhanced solubility and delivery of curcumin. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11:37. [PMID: 24314310 PMCID: PMC4029586 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa and shows intrinsic anti-cancer properties. Its medical use remains limited due to its extremely low water solubility and bioavailability. Addressing this problem, drug delivery systems accompanied by nanoparticle technology have emerged. The present study introduces a novel nanocarrier system, so-called CurcuEmulsomes, where curcumin is encapsulated inside the solid core of emulsomes. RESULTS CurcuEmulsomes are spherical solid nanoparticles with an average size of 286 nm and a zeta potential of 37 mV. Encapsulation increases the bioavailability of curcumin by up to 10,000 fold corresponding to a concentration of 0.11 mg/mL. Uptaken by HepG2 human liver carcinoma cell line, CurcuEmulsomes show a significantly prolonged biological activity and demonstrated therapeutic efficacy comparable to free curcumin against HepG2 in vitro - with a delay in response, as assessed by cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle studies. The delay is attributed to the solid character of the nanocarrier prolonging the release of curcumin inside the HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Incorporation of curcumin into emulsomes results in water-soluble and stable CurcuEmulsome nanoformulations. CurcuEmulsomes do not only successfully facilitate the delivery of curcumin into the cell in vitro, but also enable curcumin to reach its effective concentrations inside the cell. The enhanced solubility of curcumin and the promising in vitro efficacy of CurcuEmulsomes highlight the potential of the system for the delivery of lipophilic drugs. Moreover, high degree of compatibility, prolonged release profile and tailoring properties feature CurcuEmulsomes for further therapeutic applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet H Ucisik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Muthgasse
11, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Seta Küpcü
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Muthgasse
11, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Muthgasse
11, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Uwe B Sleytr
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biophysics, University of
Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Muthgasse 11, Vienna
1190, Austria
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21
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Zhou DH, Wang X, Yang M, Shi X, Huang W, Feng Q. Combination of low concentration of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin strongly suppresses the growth of non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo through causing cell cycle arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12023-36. [PMID: 23739680 PMCID: PMC3709771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140612023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin are two naturally derived agents that have been widely investigated worldwide. They exhibit their anti-tumor effects in many types of cancers. In the current study, the effect of the combination of the two agents on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was investigated. The results revealed that at low concentrations, the combination of the EGCG and curcumin strongly enhanced cell cycle arrest. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the cells were arrested at G1 and S/G2 phases. Two main cell cycle related proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 were significantly inhibited at the present of EGCG and curcumin. EdU (5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine) fluorescence staining showed that the DNA replication was significantly blocked. A clonal growth assay also confirmed a marked repression of cell growth. In a lung cancer xenograft node mice model, combination of EGCG and curcumin exhibited protective effect against weight loss due to tumor burden. Tumor growth was strongly repressed by the combination of the two agents, without causing any serious side-effect. Overall, these results strongly suggest that EGCG in combination with curcumin could be a candidate for chemoprevention agent of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (D.-H.Z.); (X.W.); (M.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (D.-H.Z.); (X.W.); (M.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Mingmin Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (D.-H.Z.); (X.W.); (M.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (D.-H.Z.); (X.W.); (M.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China; E-Mail:
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (D.-H.Z.); (X.W.); (M.Y.); (X.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-25-8686-8455; Fax: +86-25-8686-8499
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