1
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Tang H, Lu K, Wang Y, Shi Y, Ma W, Chen X, Li B, Shao Y. Analyses of lncRNA and mRNA profiles in recurrent atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:244. [PMID: 38643140 PMCID: PMC11031869 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Catheter ablation has become a crucial treatment for AF. However, there is a possibility of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. Our study sought to elucidate the role of lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory networks in late AF recurrence after catheter ablation. METHODS We conducted RNA sequencing to profile the transcriptomes of 5 samples from the presence of recurrence after AF ablation (P-RAF) and 5 samples from the absence of recurrence after AF ablation (A-RAF). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and long noncoding RNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were analyzed using the DESeq2 R package. The functional correlations of the DEGs were assessed through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. A protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape. We also established a lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory network between DE-lncRNAs and DEGs using BEDTools v2.1.2 software and the Pearson correlation coefficient method. To validate the high-throughput sequencing results of the hub genes, we conducted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) experiments. RESULTS A total of 28,528 mRNAs and 42,333 lncRNAs were detected. A total of 96 DEGs and 203 DE-lncRNAs were identified between the two groups. GO analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in the biological processes (BPs) of "regulation of immune response" and "regulation of immune system process", the cellular components (CCs) of "extracellular matrix" and "cell‒cell junction", and the molecular functions (MFs) of "signaling adaptor activity" and "protein-macromolecule adaptor activity". According to the KEGG analysis, the DEGs were associated with the "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway." Nine hub genes (MMP9, IGF2, FGFR1, HSPG2, GZMB, PEG10, GNLY, COL6A1, and KCNE3) were identified through the PPI network. lncRNA-TMEM51-AS1-201 was identified as a core regulator in the lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory network, suggesting its potential impact on the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation through the regulation of COL6A1, FGFR1, HSPG2, and IGF2. CONCLUSIONS The recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation may be associated with immune responses and fibrosis, with the extracellular matrix playing a crucial role. TMEM51-AS1-201 has been identified as a potential key target for AF recurrence after catheter ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiguang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Kongmiao Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Wansheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Bingong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yibing Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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Li Y, Wang T, Li X, Li W, Lei Y, Shang Q, Zheng Z, Fang J, Cao L, Yu D, Meng Z, Zhang S, Liu R, Liu C, Xu C, Ding Y, Chen Y, Candi E, Melino G, Wang Y, Shi Y, Shao C. SOD2 promotes the immunosuppressive function of mesenchymal stem cells at the expense of adipocyte differentiation. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1144-1157. [PMID: 38310354 PMCID: PMC11163202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The potent immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) elicited by proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α (IT) is critical to resolve inflammation and promote tissue repair. However, little is known about how the immunomodulatory capability of MSCs is related to their differentiation competency in the inflammatory microenvironment. In this study, we demonstrate that the adipocyte differentiation and immunomodulatory function of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (MSC(AD)s) are mutually exclusive. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), which promote adipocyte differentiation, were decreased in MSC(AD)s due to IT-induced upregulation of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Furthermore, knockdown of SOD2 led to enhanced adipogenic differentiation but reduced immunosuppression capability of MSC(AD)s. Interestingly, the adipogenic differentiation was associated with increased mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PPARGC1A/PGC-1α) expression. IT inhibited PGC-1α expression and decreased mitochondrial mass but promoted glycolysis in an SOD2-dependent manner. MSC(AD)s lacking SOD2 were compromised in their therapeutic efficacy in DSS-induced colitis in mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that the adipogenic differentiation and immunomodulation of MSC(AD)s may compete for resources in fulfilling the respective biosynthetic needs. Blocking of adipogenic differentiation by mitochondrial antioxidant may represent a novel strategy to enhance the immunosuppressive activity of MSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Tingting Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wen Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yan Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qianwen Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Daojiang Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhenzhen Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shengchao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Rui Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chenchang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yayun Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yongjing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Xu HR, Le VV, Oprescu SN, Kuang S. Muscle stem cells as immunomodulator during regeneration. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:221-238. [PMID: 38670707 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is well known for its remarkable ability to regenerate after injuries. The regeneration is a complex and dynamic process that involves muscle stem cells (also called muscle satellite cells, MuSCs), fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), immune cells, and other muscle-resident cell populations. The MuSCs are the myogenic cell populaiton that contribute nuclei directly to the regenerated myofibers, while the other cell types collaboratively establish a microenvironment that facilitates myogenesis of MuSCs. The myogenic process includes activation, proliferation and differentiationof MuSCs, and subsequent fusion their descendent mononuclear myocytes into multinuclear myotubes. While the contributions of FAPs and immune cells to this microenvironment have been well studied, the influence of MuSCs on other cell types remains poorly understood. This review explores recent evidence supporting the potential role of MuSCs as immunomodulators during muscle regeneration, either through cytokine production or ligand-receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rex Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Victor V Le
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
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4
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Xue Z, Liao Y, Li Y. Effects of microenvironment and biological behavior on the paracrine function of stem cells. Genes Dis 2024; 11:135-147. [PMID: 37588208 PMCID: PMC10425798 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy, have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential. MSC-based therapies have been used to treat diverse diseases because of their ability to potently repair tissue and locally restore function. An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that paracrine function is central to the effects of MSC-based therapy. Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and extracellular vehicles all contribute to the beneficial effects of MSCs on tissue regeneration and repair. The paracrine substances secreted by MSCs change depending on the tissue microenvironment and biological behavior. In this review, we discuss the bioactive substances secreted by MSCs depending on the microenvironment and biological behavior and their regulatory mechanisms, which explain their potential to treat human diseases, to provide new ideas for further research and clinical cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xue
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ye Li
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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5
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Fang J, Hou P, Liu S, Zuo M, Liu Z, Chen W, Han Y, Li Y, Wang T, Feng C, Li P, Shao C, Shi Y. NAD + salvage governs the immunosuppressive capacity of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1171-1185. [PMID: 37580400 PMCID: PMC10541442 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) possess robust immunoregulatory functions and are promising therapeutics for inflammatory disorders. This capacity is not innate but is activated or 'licensed' by inflammatory cytokines. The licensing mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examined whether inflammatory cytokines metabolically reprogrammed MSCs to confer this immunoregulatory capacity. In response to stimulation by inflammatory cytokines, MSCs exhibited a dramatic increase in the consumption of glucose, which was accompanied by an enhanced use of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and increased expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a central enzyme in the salvage pathway for NAD+ production. When NAD+ synthesis was blocked by inhibiting or depleting NAMPT, the immunosuppressive function of MSCs induced by inflammatory cytokines was greatly attenuated. Consequently, when NAD+ metabolism in MSCs was perturbed, their therapeutic benefit was decreased in mice suffering from inflammatory bowel disease and acute liver injury. Further analysis revealed that NAMPT-driven production of NAD+ was critical for the inflammatory cytokine-induced increase in glycolysis in MSCs. Furthermore, the increase in glycolysis led to succinate accumulation in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which led to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) stabilization and subsequently increased the transcription of key glycolytic genes, thereby persistently maintaining glycolytic flux. This study demonstrated that unlike its proinflammatory role in immune cells, NAD+ metabolism governs the anti-inflammatory function of MSCs during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Fang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Shisong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Muqiu Zuo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Wangwang Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuyi Han
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Yanan Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Tingting Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Peishan Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Su X, Li X, Wang S, Xue X, Liu R, Bai X, Gong P, Feng C, Cao L, Wang T, Ding Y, Jiang J, Chen Y, Shi Y, Shao C. Nitric oxide-dependent immunosuppressive function of thymus-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Biol Direct 2023; 18:59. [PMID: 37723551 PMCID: PMC10506207 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thymus is required for T cell development and the formation of the adaptive immunity. Stromal cells, which include thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), are essential for thymic function. However, the immunomodulatory function of thymus-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) has not been fully explored. METHODS MSCs were isolated from mouse thymus and their general characteristics including surface markers and multi-differentiation potential were characterized. The immunomodulatory function of T-MSCs stimulated by IFN-γ and TNF-α was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of MSCs in the thymus was interrogated by using tdTomato-flox mice corssed to various MSC lineage Cre recombinase lines. RESULTS A subset of T-MSCs express Nestin, and are mainly distributed in the thymic medulla region and cortical-medulla junction, but not in the capsule. The Nestin-positive T-MSCs exhibit typical immunophenotypic characteristics and differentiation potential. Additionally, when stimulated with IFN-γ and TNF-α, they can inhibit activated T lymphocytes as efficiently as BM-MSCs, and this function is dependent on the production of nitric oxide (NO). Additionally, the T-MSCs exhibit a remarkable therapeutic efficacy in acute liver injury and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CONCLUSIONS Nestin-positive MSCs are mainly distributed in medulla and cortical-medulla junction in thymus and possess immunosuppressive ability upon stimulation by inflammatory cytokines. The findings have implications in understanding the physiological function of MSCs in thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Su
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaotong Xue
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaojing Bai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Pixia Gong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chao Feng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yayun Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yongjing Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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7
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Huai Q, Zhu C, Zhang X, Dai H, Li X, Wang H. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in liver diseases: insights on their immunomodulatory roles and clinical applications. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:162. [PMID: 37670393 PMCID: PMC10478279 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity that is rising globally. Liver dysfunctions are classified into acute and chronic diseases. Various insults, including viral infections, alcohol or drug abuse, and metabolic overload, may cause chronic inflammation and fibrosis, leading to irreversible liver dysfunction. Up to now, liver transplantation could be the last resort for patients with end-stage liver disease. However, liver transplantation still faces unavoidable difficulties. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) with their broad ranging anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties can be effectively used for treating liver diseases but without the limitation that are associated with liver transplantation. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in the characteristics of MSCs and the potential action mechanisms of MSCs-based cell therapies for liver diseases. We also draw attention to strategies to potentiate the therapeutic properties of MSCs through pre-treatments or gene modifications. Finally, we discuss progress toward clinical application of MSCs or their extracellular vesicles in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Huai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hanren Dai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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8
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Zuo M, Fang J, Huang P, Liu S, Hou P, Wang S, Liu Z, Feng C, Cao L, Li P, Shi Y, Shao C. IL4I1-catalyzed tryptophan metabolites mediate the anti-inflammatory function of cytokine-primed human muscle stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:269. [PMID: 37507432 PMCID: PMC10382538 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) have been demonstrated to exert impressive therapeutic efficacy in disease settings through orchestrating inflammatory microenvironments. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the immunoregulatory property of MuSCs remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we showed that interleukin-4-induced-1 (IL4I1), an essential enzyme that catalyzes indole metabolism in humans, was highly expressed in human MuSCs exposed to IFN-γ and TNF-α. Functionally, the MuSCs were found to inhibit the infiltration of neutrophils into sites of inflammation in a IL4I1-dependent manner and thus ameliorate acute lung injury in mice. Mechanistically, the indole metabolites, including indole-3-pyruvic acid (I3P) and indole-3-aldehyde (I3A), produced by IL4I1, acted as ligands to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), leading to augmented expression of TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) in inflammatory cytokine-primed MuSCs. Furthermore, I3P administration alone suppressed neutrophil infiltration into damaged lungs. I3P could also reduce the level of reactive oxygen species in neutrophils. Therefore, our study has uncovered a novel mechanism by which MuSCs acquire their immunoregulatory property and may help to develop or optimize MuSC-based therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqiu Zuo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Peiqing Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Shisong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Shiqing Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Chao Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Peishan Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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9
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Shao B, Ren SH, Wang ZB, Wang HD, Zhang JY, Qin H, Zhu YL, Sun CL, Xu YN, Li X, Wang H. CD73 mediated host purinergic metabolism in intestine contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of a novel mesenchymal-like endometrial regenerative cells against experimental colitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1155090. [PMID: 37180168 PMCID: PMC10167049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The disruption of intestinal barrier functions and the dysregulation of mucosal immune responses, mediated by aberrant purinergic metabolism, are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). A novel mesenchymal-like endometrial regenerative cells (ERCs) has demonstrated a significant therapeutic effect on colitis. As a phenotypic marker of ERCs, CD73 has been largely neglected for its immunosuppressive function in regulating purinergic metabolism. Here, we have investigated whether CD73 expression on ERCs is a potential molecular exerting its therapeutic effect against colitis. Methods ERCs either unmodified or with CD73 knockout (CD73-/-ERCs), were intraperitoneally administered to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. Histopathological analysis, colon barrier function, the proportion of T cells, and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) were investigated. The immunomodulatory effect of CD73-expressing ERCs was evaluated by co-culture with bone marrow-derived DCs under LPS stimulation. FACS determined DCs maturation. The function of DCs was detected by ELISA and CD4+ cell proliferation assays. Furthermore, the role of the STAT3 pathway in CD73-expressing ERCs-induced DC inhibition was also elucidated. Results Compared with untreated and CD73-/-ERCs-treated groups, CD73-expressing ERCs effectively attenuated body weight loss, bloody stool, shortening of colon length, and pathological damage characterized by epithelial hyperplasia, goblet cell depletion, the focal loss of crypts and ulceration, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Knockout of CD73 impaired ERCs-mediated colon protection. Surprisingly, CD73-expressing ERCs significantly decreased the populations of Th1 and Th17 cells but increased the proportions of Tregs in mouse mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, CD73-expressing ERCs markedly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and increased anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10) levels in the colon. CD73-expressing ERCs inhibited the antigen presentation and stimulatory function of DCs associated with the STAT-3 pathway, which exerted a potent therapeutic effect against colitis. Conclusions The knockout of CD73 dramatically abrogates the therapeutic ability of ERCs for intestinal barrier dysfunctions and the dysregulation of mucosal immune responses. This study highlights the significance of CD73 mediates purinergic metabolism contributing to the therapeutic effects of human ERCs against colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shao-hua Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao-bo Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-da Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang-lin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng-lu Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-ni Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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10
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Zhu Y, Chen L, Song B, Cui Z, Chen G, Yu Z, Song B. Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 (IGF-2) in Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1557. [PMID: 36358907 PMCID: PMC9687531 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin family consists of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), their receptors (IR, IGF-1R and IGF-2R), and their binding proteins. All three ligands are involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, protein synthesis and metabolism due to their homologous sequences and structural similarities. Insulin-like growth factor 2, a member of the insulin family, plays an important role in embryonic development, metabolic disorders, and tumorigenesis by combining with three receptors with different degrees of affinity. The main pathological feature of various fibrotic diseases is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) after tissue and organ damage, which eventually results in organic dysfunction because scar formation replaces tissue parenchyma. As a mitogenic factor, IGF-2 is overexpressed in many fibrotic diseases. It can promote the proliferation of fibroblasts significantly, as well as the production of ECM in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This review aims to describe the expression changes and fibrosis-promoting effects of IGF-2 in the skin, oral cavity, heart, lung, liver, and kidney fibrotic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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11
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Han Y, Yang J, Fang J, Zhou Y, Candi E, Wang J, Hua D, Shao C, Shi Y. The secretion profile of mesenchymal stem cells and potential applications in treating human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:92. [PMID: 35314676 PMCID: PMC8935608 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractMesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) possess multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potentials. MSCs-based therapies have been widely utilized for the treatment of diverse inflammatory diseases, due to the potent immunoregulatory functions of MSCs. An increasing body of evidence indicates that MSCs exert their therapeutic effects largely through their paracrine actions. Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and metabolic products were all found to be functional molecules of MSCs in various therapeutic paradigms. These secretory factors contribute to immune modulation, tissue remodeling, and cellular homeostasis during regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the secretory behavior of MSCs and the intracellular communication that accounts for their potential in treating human diseases.
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12
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TLR4 activation inhibits the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of skeletal muscle stem cells by downregulating LGI1. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:667-678. [PMID: 35294724 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells (SMSCs) are vital to the growth, maintenance, and repair of the muscles; emerging evidence has indicated that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can potentially regulate muscle regeneration. In present study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to explore the correlation of TLR4 with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) as well as their effects on the proliferation and osteogenesis potential of SMSCs. In order to examine the regulatory mechanisms of TLR4 and LGI1 in SMSCs, the obtained cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, used as an activator of TLR4) of different concentration at different time points as well as the siRNA against LGI1. Subsequently, a series of detection was undertaken in order to measure the proliferation and differentiation potential of SMSCs, which involved detection of the related factors, cell activity, and the sphere-forming capability. Following LPS treatment, the increased TLR4 expression and reduced LGI1 expression were observed. Consequently, we also discovered that Erk signaling pathway was inactivated and cell proliferation and osteogenesis capabilities declined, presented by the downregulation of related factors such as cyclin B1 and runt-related transcription factor 2. Moreover, the cell activity and sphere-formation performance of SMSCs were also declined. These results were also validated in rats with cecal ligation and perforation-induced rat models with sepsis. In conclusion, the present study reveals a regulatory mechanism in SMSCs whereby LGI1 expression is reduced by TLR4, thus impeding cell proliferation and osteogenesis, highlighting TLR4 as a potential therapeutic target against many diseases related to SMSCs.
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13
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Li X, Guan Y, Li C, Zhang T, Meng F, Zhang J, Li J, Chen S, Wang Q, Wang Y, Peng J, Tang J. Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral nerve injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:18. [PMID: 35033187 PMCID: PMC8760713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Various immune cells and cytokines are present in the aftermath of peripheral nerve injuries (PNI), and coordination of the local inflammatory response is of great significance for the recovery of PNI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory abilities which can accelerate tissue regeneration and attenuate inflammation, but the role of MSCs in the regulation of the local inflammatory microenvironment after PNI has not been widely studied. Here, we summarize the known interactions between MSCs, immune cells, and inflammatory cytokines following PNI with a focus on the immunosuppressive role of MSCs. We also discuss the immunomodulatory potential of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles as a new cell-free treatment for PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Li
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121099, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieyuan Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyang Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121099, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinshu Tang
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Quinelato V, Bonato LL, Vieira AR, Granjeiro JM, Menezes K, Borojevic R, Casado PL, Calasans-Maia JA, Tesch R. PAX7 gene polymorphism in muscular temporomandibular disorders as potentially related to muscle stem cells. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:959. [PMID: 34789211 PMCID: PMC8600756 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04846-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of painful and debilitating disorders, involving the masticatory muscles and/or the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Chronic TMD pain can be associated with genetic changes in the key muscle development genes. Objective To evaluate the association between polymorphisms in the PAX7 (paired box 7) gene and masticatory myalgia in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Materials and methods This is a case-control study. Patients with TMD were divided into two groups: (a) presence of muscular TMD (n = 122) and (b) absence of muscular TMD (n = 49). Genomic DNA was obtained from saliva samples from all participants to allow for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms in PAX7 (rs766325 and rs6659735). Over-representation of alleles was tested using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Values of p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results Individuals without muscular TMD were less likely to have the PAX7 rs6659735 GG genotype (p = 0.03). No associations were found for PAX7 rs766325. Conclusions Alterations in PAX7 may influence muscular pathophysiology and individuals with TMD and the rs6659735 homozygous genotype (GG) are seemingly associated with muscular involvement of the disorder. No associations were found in the region rs766325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valquiria Quinelato
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28 - Center, Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Ladeira Bonato
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28 - Center, Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karla Menezes
- School of Medicine of Petropolis, Petropolis, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Ladeira Casado
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28 - Center, Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Jose Albuquerque Calasans-Maia
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28 - Center, Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tesch
- School of Medicine of Petropolis, Petropolis, Brazil
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15
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Fang J, Feng C, Chen W, Hou P, Liu Z, Zuo M, Han Y, Xu C, Melino G, Verkhratsky A, Wang Y, Shao C, Shi Y. Redressing the interactions between stem cells and immune system in tissue regeneration. Biol Direct 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 34670590 PMCID: PMC8527311 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-021-00306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has an extraordinary regenerative capacity reflecting the rapid activation and effective differentiation of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). In the course of muscle regeneration, MuSCs are reprogrammed by immune cells. In turn, MuSCs confer immune cells anti-inflammatory properties to resolve inflammation and facilitate tissue repair. Indeed, MuSCs can exert therapeutic effects on various degenerative and inflammatory disorders based on their immunoregulatory ability, including effects primed by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). At the molecular level, the tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine or kynurenic acid, produced by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), augment the expression of TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6) through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In addition, insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) produced by MuSCs can endow maturing macrophages oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-dependent anti-inflammatory functions. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of the immunomodulatory characteristics of MuSCs and the issues related to their potential applications in pathological conditions, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Fang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Wangwang Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Muqiu Zuo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyi Han
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Chenchang Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Atkinson SP. A Preview of Selected Articles. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Shi F, Guo LC, Zhu WD, Cai MH, Chen LL, Wu L, Chen XJ, Zhu HY, Wu J. Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs improve psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice by negatively regulating ROS. J DERMATOL TREAT 2021; 33:2129-2136. [PMID: 34060412 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1925622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is chronic incurable skin inflammation. The anti-inflammatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been put forward to be involved in several inflammatory diseases. However, little was known about the role of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hAD-MSCs) in psoriasis. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the feasibility of using hAD-MSCs infusion as a therapeutic approach in psoriatic mice. METHODS We constructed the psoriasis-like model by IMQ implication, treated with hAD-MSCs by subcutaneous injection. To evaluate the efficacy, we examined the histology, CD45 and ROS positive cells by HE and flow cytometry respectively. We also tested the key cytokines with PCR. Moreover, to achieve a better therapeutic effect, we treated the model by combing with vitamin E application. RESULTS We found that the classic histological symptoms of psoriasis were relieved after treatment with hAD-MSCs, also, the splenic index, the infiltration of immune cells and several pro-inflammatory cytokines were decreased. Interestingly, we also found that hAD-MSCs could inhibit ROS generation. Moreover, the combination therapy of hAD-MSCs and vitamin E could promote the curative effect with greater ROS inhibition. CONCLUSION These results suggested that hAD-MSCs could be useful for treating psoriasis by negatively regulating ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling-Chuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Hong Cai
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
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Li N, Bai RF, Li C, Dang LH, Du QX, Jin QQ, Cao J, Wang YY, Sun JH. Insight into molecular profile changes after skeletal muscle contusion using microarray and bioinformatics analyses. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203699. [PMID: 33398324 PMCID: PMC7816072 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle trauma frequently occurs in daily life. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle healing, which partly depend on the extent of the damage, are not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate gene expression profiles following mild and severe muscle contusion, and to provide more information about the molecular mechanisms underlying the repair process. A total of 33 rats were divided randomly into control (n=3), mild contusion (n=15), and severe contusion (n=15) groups; the contusion groups were further divided into five subgroups (1, 3, 24, 48, and 168 h post-injury; n=3 per subgroup). A total of 2844 and 2298 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using microarray analyses in the mild and severe contusions, respectively. From the analysis of the 1620 coexpressed genes in mildly and severely contused muscle, we discovered that the gene profiles in functional modules and temporal clusters were similar between the mild and severe contusion groups; moreover, the genes showed time-dependent patterns of expression, which allowed us to identify useful markers of wound age. The functional analyses of genes in the functional modules and temporal clusters were performed, and the hub genes in each module-cluster pair were identified. Interestingly, we found that genes down-regulated at 24-48 h were largely associated with metabolic processes, especially of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which has been rarely reported. These results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle repair, and provide a basis for further studies of wound age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Ru-feng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and law, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Li-hong Dang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiu-xiang Du
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian-qian Jin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Cao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying-yuan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun-hong Sun
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
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Inflammatory cytokines-stimulated human muscle stem cells ameliorate ulcerative colitis via the IDO-TSG6 axis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:50. [PMID: 33422134 PMCID: PMC7796621 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are absolutely required for the formation, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue. Increasing evidence demonstrated that tissue stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), can exert therapeutic effects on various degenerative and inflammatory disorders based on their immunoregulatory properties. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were reported to possess anti-inflammatory functions by producing TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6). However, whether human muscle stem cells (hMuSCs) also possess TSG-6 mediated anti-inflammatory functions has not been explored. Methods The ulcerative colitis mouse model was established by subjecting mice to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. hMuSCs were pretreated with IFN-γ and TNF-α for 48 h and were then transplanted intravenously at day 2 of DSS administration. Body weights were monitored daily. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and TSG-6 in hMuSCs were knocked down with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. Colon tissues were collected for length measurement and histopathological examination. The serum level of IL-6 in mice was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate gene expression. Results hMuSCs treated with inflammatory factors significantly ameliorated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms. IDO and TSG-6 were greatly upregulated and required for the beneficial effects of hMuSCs on IBD. Mechanistically, the tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine (KYN) or kynurenic acid (KYNA) produced by IDO, augmented the expression of TSG-6 through activating their common receptor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines-treated hMuSCs can alleviate DSS-induced colitis through IDO-mediated TSG-6 production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-020-02118-3.
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20
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. Stem Cells 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Shuler KT, Wilson BE, Muñoz ER, Mitchell AD, Selsby JT, Hudson MB. Muscle Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reverse Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mouse Myotubes. Cells 2020; 9:E2544. [PMID: 33256005 PMCID: PMC7760380 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapeutic but have met numerous challenges in treating systemic muscle diseases. Muscle stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MuSC-EVs) may overcome these limitations. We assessed the number and size distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MuSCs ex vivo, determined the extent to which MuSC-EVs deliver molecular cargo to myotubes in vitro, and quantified MuSC-EV-mediated restoration of mitochondrial function following oxidative injury. MuSCs released an abundance of EVs in culture. MuSC-EVs delivered protein cargo into myotubes within 2 h of incubation. Fluorescent labeling of intracellular mitochondria showed co-localization of delivered protein and mitochondria. Oxidatively injured myotubes demonstrated a significant decline in maximal oxygen consumption rate and spare respiratory capacity relative to untreated myotubes. Remarkably, subsequent treatment with MuSC-EVs significantly improved maximal oxygen consumption rate and spare respiratory capacity relative to the myotubes that were damaged but received no subsequent treatment. Surprisingly, MuSC-EVs did not affect mitochondrial function in undamaged myotubes, suggesting the cargo delivered is able to repair but does not expand the existing mitochondrial network. These data demonstrate that MuSC-EVs rapidly deliver proteins into myotubes, a portion of which co-localizes with mitochondria, and reverses mitochondria dysfunction in oxidatively-damaged myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T. Shuler
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (K.T.S.); (B.E.W.); (E.R.M.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Brittany E. Wilson
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (K.T.S.); (B.E.W.); (E.R.M.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Eric R. Muñoz
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (K.T.S.); (B.E.W.); (E.R.M.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Andrew D. Mitchell
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (K.T.S.); (B.E.W.); (E.R.M.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Joshua T. Selsby
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 2356G Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Matthew B. Hudson
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (K.T.S.); (B.E.W.); (E.R.M.); (A.D.M.)
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22
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Xu J, Wang X, Chen J, Chen S, Li Z, Liu H, Bai Y, Zhi F. Embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote colon epithelial integrity and regeneration by elevating circulating IGF-1 in colitis mice. Theranostics 2020; 10:12204-12222. [PMID: 33204338 PMCID: PMC7667691 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promising therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to their immunomodulatory and trophic functions. However, their efficacy is influenced by tissue origin, donator condition, isolation, and expansion methods. Here, we generated phenotypically uniform MSCs from human embryonic stem cells (T-MSCs) and explored the molecular mechanisms involved in promoting mucosal integrity and regeneration in colitis mice. Methods: T-MSCs were injected intravenously into mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and the in vivo distribution and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated. We performed serum cytokine antibody microarrays to screen potentially effective proteins and examined the therapeutic effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Colon epithelial regeneration potential was evaluated, and RNA sequencing was employed to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, in vitro IGF-1 stimulation was performed to assess its effect on cell functions and organoid growth. Results: Intravenous administration of T-MSCs alleviated colitis in both acute and chronic DSS mouse models. Labeled T-MSCs were mainly distributed in the lungs, liver, and spleen after systemic infusion. The antibody array analysis of serum cytokines indicated that the IGF-1 level was increased in the treatment group, and serum ELISA further confirmed its elevation in the regeneration stage. Intraperitoneal injection of IGF-1 receptor inhibitors abrogated the anti-inflammatory activity of T-MSCs. The colonic epithelium of the treatment group showed greater regenerative potency than the controls and the IGF1R-PI3K-AKT pathway was up-regulated. RNA sequencing showed that T-MSC treatment contributed to colonic cell integrity and promoted xenobiotic metabolism. In vitro IGF-1 stimulation promoted the growth and proliferation of colon cells and organoids. Conclusions: Intravenous infusion of T-MSCs alleviated colitis in mice by elevating the circulating IGF-1 level. Increased IGF-1 maintained the integrity of epithelial cells and contributed to their repair and regeneration. Our study has identified T- MSCs as a potential cell resource for IBD treatment.
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Joshi MG, Kshersagar J, Desai SR, Sharma S. Antiviral properties of placental growth factors: A novel therapeutic approach for COVID-19 treatment. Placenta 2020; 99:117-130. [PMID: 32798764 PMCID: PMC7406421 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic is complicated by the limited therapeutic options against the virus, with many being anecdotal or still undergoing confirmatory trials, underlining the urgent need for novel strategies targeting the virus. The pulmotropic virus causes loss of oxygenation in severe cases with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and need for mechanical ventilation. This work seeks to introduce placental extract-derived biologically active components as a therapeutic option and highlights their mechanism of action relevant to COVID-19 virus. Human placenta has been used in clinical practice for over a century and there is substantial experience in clinical applications of placental extract for different indications. Aqueous extract of human placentacontains growth factors, cytokines/chemokines, natural metabolic and other compounds, anti-oxidants, amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and biomolecules, which individually or in combination show accelerated cellular metabolism, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, cellular proliferation and stimulation of tissue regeneration processes. Placental extract treatment is proposed as a suitable therapeutic approach consideringthe above properties which could protect against initial viral entry and acute inflammation of alveolar epithelial cells, reconstitute pulmonary microenvironment and regenerate the lung. We reviewed useful therapeutic information of placental biomolecules in relation to COVID-19 treatment. We propose the new approach of using placental growth factors, chemokines and cytokine which will execute antiviral activity in coordination with innate and humoral immunity and improve patient's immunological responses to COVID-19. Executing a clinical trial using placental extract as preventive, protective and/or therapeutic approach for COVID-19treatment could advance the development of a most promising therapeutic candidate that can join the armamentaria against the COVID-19 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, D Y Patil Education Society (Deemed University), E 869 D. Y. Patil Vidyanagar, KasbaBawda, Kolhapur, 416006, MS, India.
| | - Jeevitaa Kshersagar
- Department of Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, D Y Patil Education Society (Deemed University), E 869 D. Y. Patil Vidyanagar, KasbaBawda, Kolhapur, 416006, MS, India
| | - Shashikant R Desai
- Stem Plus Foundation, C.T.S 648 A/1, Gajendra Bol, Gavali Galli, Peth Bhag, Sangli, 416 415, MS, India
| | - Shimpa Sharma
- Department of Medicine, D Y Patil Medical College, D Y Patil Education Society (Deemed University), E 869 D. Y. Patil Vidyanagar, KasbaBawda, Kolhapur, 416006, MS, India
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24
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Fang J, Zhang S, Liu Z, Pan Y, Cao L, Hou P, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Liu R, Shang Q, Zheng Z, Song L, Li Y, Fu Z, Lin L, Melino G, Wang Y, Shao C, Shi Y. Skeletal muscle stem cells confer maturing macrophages anti-inflammatory properties through insulin-like growth factor-2. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:773-785. [PMID: 32176461 PMCID: PMC7308640 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines produced by immune cells have been demonstrated to act on muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and direct their fate and behavior during muscle repair and regeneration. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether and how MuSCs can also in turn modulate the properties of immune cells. Here, we showed that in vitro expanded MuSCs exhibited a potent anti‐inflammatory effect when infused into mice suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Supernatant conditioned by MuSCs similarly ameliorated IBD. This beneficial effect of MuSCs was not observed when macrophages were depleted. The MuSC supernatant was found to greatly attenuate the expression of inflammatory cytokines but increase the expression of programmed death‐ligand 1 in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma. Further analysis revealed that MuSCs produce a large amount of insulin‐like growth factor‐2 (IGF‐2) that instructs maturing macrophages to undergo oxidative phosphorylation and thus acquire anti‐inflammatory properties. Interestingly, the IGF‐2 production by MuSCs is much higher than by mesenchymal stem cells. Knockdown or neutralization of IGF‐2 abrogated the anti‐inflammatory effects of MuSCs and their therapeutic efficacy on IBD. Our study demonstrated that MuSCs possess a strong anti‐inflammatory property and the bidirectional interactions between immune cells and MuSCs have important implications in muscle‐related physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengchao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Yongsha Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Yongjing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Qianwen Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Zhonglin Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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