1
|
Li S, Kan Z, Bai J, Ma A, Lu J, Liu S. Rational Design of Transition-Metal-Based Catalysts for the Electrochemical 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Reduction Reaction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400869. [PMID: 38924363 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction reaction (HMFRR) of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has emerged as a promising avenue for the utilization and refinement of the biomass-derived platform molecule HMF into high-value chemicals, addressing energy sustainability challenges. Transition metal electrocatalysts (TMCs) have recently garnered attention as promising candidates for catalyzing HMFRR, capitalizing on the presence of vacant d orbitals and unpaired d electrons. TMCs play a pivotal role in facilitating the generation of intermediates through interactions with HMF, thereby lowering the activation energy of intricate reactions and significantly augmenting the catalytic reaction rate. In the absence of comprehensive and guiding reviews in this domain, this paper aims to comprehensively summarize the key advancements in the design of transition metal catalysts for HMFRR. It elucidates the mechanisms and pH dependency of various products generated during the electrochemical reduction of HMF, with a specific emphasis on the bond-cleavage angle. Additionally, it offers a detailed introduction to typical in-situ characterization techniques. Finally, the review explores engineering strategies and principles to enhance HMFRR activity using TMCs, particularly focusing on multiphase interface control, crystal face control, and defect engineering control. This review introduces novel concepts to guide the design of HMFRR electrocatalysts, especially TMCs, thus promoting advancements in biomass conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ziwang Kan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jiaxiao Bai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ang Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Song Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, University of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan X, Lee K, Bender MT, Schmidt JR, Choi K. Mechanistic Differences between Electrochemical Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Their pH Dependence. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200952. [PMID: 35731931 PMCID: PMC9542785 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis are two important reactions for electrochemical reductive valorization of biomass-derived oxygenates such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In general, hydrogenolysis (which combines hydrogenation and deoxygenation) is more challenging than hydrogenation (which does not involve the cleavage of carbon-oxygen bonds). Thus, identifying factors and conditions that can promote hydrogenolysis is of great interest for reductive valorization of biomass-derived oxygenates. For the electrochemical reduction of HMF and its derivatives, it is known that aldehyde hydrogenation is not a part of aldehyde hydrogenolysis but rather a competing reaction; however, no atomic-level understanding is currently available to explain their electrochemical mechanistic differences. In this study, combined experimental and computational investigations were performed using Cu electrodes to elucidate the key mechanistic differences between electrochemical hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of HMF. The results revealed that hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of HMF involve the formation of different surface-adsorbed intermediates via different reduction mechanisms and that lowering the pH promoted the formation of the intermediates required for aldehyde and alcohol hydrogenolysis. This study for the first time explains the origins of the experimentally observed pH-dependent selectivities for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis and offers a new mechanistic foundation upon which rational strategies to control electrochemical hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis can be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | - Kwanpyung Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | - Michael T. Bender
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | - J. R. Schmidt
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | - Kyoung‐Shin Choi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen S, Wojcieszak R, Dumeignil F, Marceau E, Royer S. How Catalysts and Experimental Conditions Determine the Selective Hydroconversion of Furfural and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11023-11117. [PMID: 30362725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural stand out as bridges connecting biomass raw materials to the biorefinery industry. Their reductive transformations by hydroconversion are key routes toward a wide variety of chemicals and biofuels, and heterogeneous catalysis plays a central role in these reactions. The catalyst efficiency highly depends on the nature of metals, supports, and additives, on the catalyst preparation procedure, and obviously on reaction conditions to which catalyst and reactants are exposed: solvent, pressure, and temperature. The present review focuses on the roles played by the catalyst at the molecular level in the hydroconversion of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the gas or liquid phases, including catalytic hydrogen transfer routes and electro/photoreduction, into oxygenates or hydrocarbons (e.g., furfuryl alcohol, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan, cyclopentanone, 1,5-pentanediol, 2-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, furan, furfuryl ethers, etc.). The mechanism of adsorption of the reactant and the mechanism of the reaction of hydroconversion are correlated to the specificities of each active metal, both noble (Pt, Pd, Ru, Au, Rh, and Ir) and non-noble (Ni, Cu, Co, Mo, and Fe), with an emphasis on the role of the support and of additives on catalytic performances (conversion, yield, and stability). The reusability of catalytic systems (deactivation mechanism, protection, and regeneration methods) is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois , UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Robert Wojcieszak
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois , UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Franck Dumeignil
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois , UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Eric Marceau
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois , UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Sébastien Royer
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois , UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille , France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu L, Xu J, Zhou S, He A, Tang X, Lin L, Xu J, Zhao Y. Catalytic Advances in the Production and Application of Biomass-Derived 2,5-Dihydroxymethylfuran. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Jiaxing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Shouyong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Aiyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Xing Tang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lu Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Yijiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saraçi E, Wang L, Theopold KH, Lobo RF. Bioderived Muconates by Cross-Metathesis and Their Conversion into Terephthalates. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:773-780. [PMID: 29159887 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate that is 100 % bioderived is in high demand in the market guided by the ever-more exigent sustainability regulations with the challenge of producing renewable terephthalic acid remaining. Renewable terephthalic acid or its precursors can be obtained by Diels-Alder cycloaddition and further dehydrogenation of biomass-derived muconic acid. The cis,cis isomer of the dicarboxylic acid is typically synthesized by fermentation with genetically modified microorganisms, a process that requires complex separations to obtain a high yield of the pure product. Furthermore, the cis isomer has to be transformed into the trans,trans form and has to be esterified before it is suitable for terephthalate synthesis. To overcome these challenges, we investigated the synthesis of dialkyl muconates by cross-metathesis. The Ru-catalyzed cross-coupling of sorbates with acrylates, which can be bioderived, proceeded selectively to yield diester muconates in up to 41 % yield by using very low catalyst amounts (0.5-3.0 mol %) and no solvent. In the optimized procedure, the muconate precipitated as a solid and was easily recovered from the reaction medium. Analysis by GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy showed that this method delivered exclusively the trans,trans isomer of dimethyl muconate. The Diels-Alder reaction of dimethyl muconate with ethylene was studied in various solvents to obtain 1,4-bis(carbomethoxy)cyclohexene. The cycloaddition proceeded with very high conversions (77-100 %) and yields (70-98 %) in all of the solvents investigated, and methanol and tetrahydrofuran were the best choices. Next, the aromatization of 1,4-bis(carbomethoxy)cyclohexene to dimethyl terephthalate over a Pd/C catalyst resulted in up to 70 % yield in tetrahydrofuran under an air atmosphere. Owing to the high yield of the reaction of dimethyl muconate to 1,4-bis(carbomethoxy)cyclohexene, no separation step was needed before the aromatization. This is the first time that cross-metathesis is used to produce bioderived trans,trans-muconates as precursors to renewable terephthalates, important building blocks in the polymer industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erisa Saraçi
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 102 Brown Laboratory, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Klaus H Theopold
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 102 Brown Laboratory, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Raul F Lobo
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|